From 554fd8c5195424bdbcabf5de30fdc183aba391bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: upstream source tree Date: Sun, 15 Mar 2015 20:14:05 -0400 Subject: obtained gcc-4.6.4.tar.bz2 from upstream website; verified gcc-4.6.4.tar.bz2.sig; imported gcc-4.6.4 source tree from verified upstream tarball. downloading a git-generated archive based on the 'upstream' tag should provide you with a source tree that is binary identical to the one extracted from the above tarball. if you have obtained the source via the command 'git clone', however, do note that line-endings of files in your working directory might differ from line-endings of the respective files in the upstream repository. --- .../util/concurrent/AbstractExecutorService.java | 270 ++ .../java/util/concurrent/ArrayBlockingQueue.java | 778 +++++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingDeque.java | 613 ++++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingQueue.java | 344 +++ .../util/concurrent/BrokenBarrierException.java | 38 + .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Callable.java | 36 + .../util/concurrent/CancellationException.java | 34 + .../java/util/concurrent/CompletionService.java | 97 + .../java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.java | 1277 ++++++++ .../util/concurrent/ConcurrentLinkedQueue.java | 480 +++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentMap.java | 134 + .../util/concurrent/ConcurrentNavigableMap.java | 148 + .../util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListMap.java | 3114 ++++++++++++++++++++ .../util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListSet.java | 456 +++ .../java/util/concurrent/CopyOnWriteArraySet.java | 364 +++ .../java/util/concurrent/CountDownLatch.java | 290 ++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CyclicBarrier.java | 454 +++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/DelayQueue.java | 487 +++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Delayed.java | 33 + .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Exchanger.java | 656 +++++ .../java/util/concurrent/ExecutionException.java | 65 + .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executor.java | 112 + .../util/concurrent/ExecutorCompletionService.java | 174 ++ .../java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.java | 306 ++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executors.java | 666 +++++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Future.java | 142 + .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.java | 325 ++ .../java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingDeque.java | 1021 +++++++ .../java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingQueue.java | 807 +++++ .../util/concurrent/PriorityBlockingQueue.java | 563 ++++ .../concurrent/RejectedExecutionException.java | 62 + .../util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionHandler.java | 33 + .../java/util/concurrent/RunnableFuture.java | 25 + .../util/concurrent/RunnableScheduledFuture.java | 29 + .../util/concurrent/ScheduledExecutorService.java | 159 + .../java/util/concurrent/ScheduledFuture.java | 19 + .../concurrent/ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java | 626 ++++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Semaphore.java | 681 +++++ .../java/util/concurrent/SynchronousQueue.java | 1127 +++++++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadFactory.java | 40 + .../java/util/concurrent/ThreadPoolExecutor.java | 1605 ++++++++++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeUnit.java | 331 +++ .../java/util/concurrent/TimeoutException.java | 38 + .../java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicBoolean.java | 133 + .../java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicInteger.java | 234 ++ .../util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerArray.java | 255 ++ .../atomic/AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.java | 316 ++ .../java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLong.java | 248 ++ .../util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongArray.java | 255 ++ .../concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongFieldUpdater.java | 406 +++ .../concurrent/atomic/AtomicMarkableReference.java | 161 + .../util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReference.java | 124 + .../concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceArray.java | 163 + .../atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java | 275 ++ .../concurrent/atomic/AtomicStampedReference.java | 165 ++ .../locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer.java | 57 + .../locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java | 1934 ++++++++++++ .../locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java | 2159 ++++++++++++++ .../java/util/concurrent/locks/Condition.java | 435 +++ .../jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Lock.java | 327 ++ .../java/util/concurrent/locks/LockSupport.java | 352 +++ .../java/util/concurrent/locks/ReadWriteLock.java | 104 + .../java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock.java | 740 +++++ .../concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock.java | 1346 +++++++++ 64 files changed, 29248 insertions(+) create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/AbstractExecutorService.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ArrayBlockingQueue.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingDeque.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingQueue.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BrokenBarrierException.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Callable.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CancellationException.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CompletionService.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentLinkedQueue.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentMap.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentNavigableMap.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListMap.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListSet.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CopyOnWriteArraySet.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CountDownLatch.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CyclicBarrier.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/DelayQueue.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Delayed.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Exchanger.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutionException.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executor.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorCompletionService.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executors.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Future.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingDeque.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingQueue.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/PriorityBlockingQueue.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionException.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionHandler.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableFuture.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableScheduledFuture.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledExecutorService.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledFuture.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Semaphore.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/SynchronousQueue.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadFactory.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadPoolExecutor.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeUnit.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeoutException.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicBoolean.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicInteger.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerArray.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLong.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongArray.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongFieldUpdater.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicMarkableReference.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReference.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceArray.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicStampedReference.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Condition.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Lock.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/LockSupport.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReadWriteLock.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock.java create mode 100644 libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock.java (limited to 'libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent') diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/AbstractExecutorService.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/AbstractExecutorService.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ac15c5010 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/AbstractExecutorService.java @@ -0,0 +1,270 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * Provides default implementations of {@link ExecutorService} + * execution methods. This class implements the submit, + * invokeAny and invokeAll methods using a + * {@link RunnableFuture} returned by newTaskFor, which defaults + * to the {@link FutureTask} class provided in this package. For example, + * the implementation of submit(Runnable) creates an + * associated RunnableFuture that is executed and + * returned. Subclasses may override the newTaskFor methods + * to return RunnableFuture implementations other than + * FutureTask. + * + *

Extension example. Here is a sketch of a class + * that customizes {@link ThreadPoolExecutor} to use + * a CustomTask class instead of the default FutureTask: + * 

+ * public class CustomThreadPoolExecutor extends ThreadPoolExecutor {
+ *
+ *   static class CustomTask<V> implements RunnableFuture<V> {...}
+ *
+ *   protected <V> RunnableFuture<V> newTaskFor(Callable<V> c) {
+ *       return new CustomTask<V>(c);
+ *   }
+ *   protected <V> RunnableFuture<V> newTaskFor(Runnable r, V v) {
+ *       return new CustomTask<V>(r, v);
+ *   }
+ *   // ... add constructors, etc.
+ * }
+ *
+ * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public abstract class AbstractExecutorService implements ExecutorService { + + /** + * Returns a RunnableFuture for the given runnable and default + * value. + * + * @param runnable the runnable task being wrapped + * @param value the default value for the returned future + * @return a RunnableFuture which when run will run the + * underlying runnable and which, as a Future, will yield + * the given value as its result and provide for cancellation of + * the underlying task. + * @since 1.6 + */ + protected RunnableFuture newTaskFor(Runnable runnable, T value) { + return new FutureTask(runnable, value); + } + + /** + * Returns a RunnableFuture for the given callable task. + * + * @param callable the callable task being wrapped + * @return a RunnableFuture which when run will call the + * underlying callable and which, as a Future, will yield + * the callable's result as its result and provide for + * cancellation of the underlying task. + * @since 1.6 + */ + protected RunnableFuture newTaskFor(Callable callable) { + return new FutureTask(callable); + } + + public Future submit(Runnable task) { + if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + RunnableFuture ftask = newTaskFor(task, null); + execute(ftask); + return ftask; + } + + public Future submit(Runnable task, T result) { + if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + RunnableFuture ftask = newTaskFor(task, result); + execute(ftask); + return ftask; + } + + public Future submit(Callable task) { + if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + RunnableFuture ftask = newTaskFor(task); + execute(ftask); + return ftask; + } + + /** + * the main mechanics of invokeAny. + */ + private T doInvokeAny(Collection> tasks, + boolean timed, long nanos) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException { + if (tasks == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int ntasks = tasks.size(); + if (ntasks == 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + List> futures= new ArrayList>(ntasks); + ExecutorCompletionService ecs = + new ExecutorCompletionService(this); + + // For efficiency, especially in executors with limited + // parallelism, check to see if previously submitted tasks are + // done before submitting more of them. This interleaving + // plus the exception mechanics account for messiness of main + // loop. + + try { + // Record exceptions so that if we fail to obtain any + // result, we can throw the last exception we got. + ExecutionException ee = null; + long lastTime = (timed)? System.nanoTime() : 0; + Iterator> it = tasks.iterator(); + + // Start one task for sure; the rest incrementally + futures.add(ecs.submit(it.next())); + --ntasks; + int active = 1; + + for (;;) { + Future f = ecs.poll(); + if (f == null) { + if (ntasks > 0) { + --ntasks; + futures.add(ecs.submit(it.next())); + ++active; + } + else if (active == 0) + break; + else if (timed) { + f = ecs.poll(nanos, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + if (f == null) + throw new TimeoutException(); + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanos -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + } + else + f = ecs.take(); + } + if (f != null) { + --active; + try { + return f.get(); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + throw ie; + } catch (ExecutionException eex) { + ee = eex; + } catch (RuntimeException rex) { + ee = new ExecutionException(rex); + } + } + } + + if (ee == null) + ee = new ExecutionException(); + throw ee; + + } finally { + for (Future f : futures) + f.cancel(true); + } + } + + public T invokeAny(Collection> tasks) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { + try { + return doInvokeAny(tasks, false, 0); + } catch (TimeoutException cannotHappen) { + assert false; + return null; + } + } + + public T invokeAny(Collection> tasks, + long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException { + return doInvokeAny(tasks, true, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + public List> invokeAll(Collection> tasks) + throws InterruptedException { + if (tasks == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + List> futures = new ArrayList>(tasks.size()); + boolean done = false; + try { + for (Callable t : tasks) { + RunnableFuture f = newTaskFor(t); + futures.add(f); + execute(f); + } + for (Future f : futures) { + if (!f.isDone()) { + try { + f.get(); + } catch (CancellationException ignore) { + } catch (ExecutionException ignore) { + } + } + } + done = true; + return futures; + } finally { + if (!done) + for (Future f : futures) + f.cancel(true); + } + } + + public List> invokeAll(Collection> tasks, + long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + if (tasks == null || unit == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + List> futures = new ArrayList>(tasks.size()); + boolean done = false; + try { + for (Callable t : tasks) + futures.add(newTaskFor(t)); + + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + + // Interleave time checks and calls to execute in case + // executor doesn't have any/much parallelism. + Iterator> it = futures.iterator(); + while (it.hasNext()) { + execute((Runnable)(it.next())); + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanos -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (nanos <= 0) + return futures; + } + + for (Future f : futures) { + if (!f.isDone()) { + if (nanos <= 0) + return futures; + try { + f.get(nanos, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + } catch (CancellationException ignore) { + } catch (ExecutionException ignore) { + } catch (TimeoutException toe) { + return futures; + } + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanos -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + } + } + done = true; + return futures; + } finally { + if (!done) + for (Future f : futures) + f.cancel(true); + } + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ArrayBlockingQueue.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ArrayBlockingQueue.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3ce9ed859 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ArrayBlockingQueue.java @@ -0,0 +1,778 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A bounded {@linkplain BlockingQueue blocking queue} backed by an + * array. This queue orders elements FIFO (first-in-first-out). The + * head of the queue is that element that has been on the + * queue the longest time. The tail of the queue is that + * element that has been on the queue the shortest time. New elements + * are inserted at the tail of the queue, and the queue retrieval + * operations obtain elements at the head of the queue. + * + *

This is a classic "bounded buffer", in which a + * fixed-sized array holds elements inserted by producers and + * extracted by consumers. Once created, the capacity cannot be + * increased. Attempts to put an element into a full queue + * will result in the operation blocking; attempts to take an + * element from an empty queue will similarly block. + * + *

This class supports an optional fairness policy for ordering + * waiting producer and consumer threads. By default, this ordering + * is not guaranteed. However, a queue constructed with fairness set + * to true grants threads access in FIFO order. Fairness + * generally decreases throughput but reduces variability and avoids + * starvation. + * + *

This class and its iterator implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link + * Iterator} interfaces. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ +public class ArrayBlockingQueue extends AbstractQueue + implements BlockingQueue, java.io.Serializable { + + /** + * Serialization ID. This class relies on default serialization + * even for the items array, which is default-serialized, even if + * it is empty. Otherwise it could not be declared final, which is + * necessary here. + */ + private static final long serialVersionUID = -817911632652898426L; + + /** The queued items */ + private final E[] items; + /** items index for next take, poll or remove */ + private int takeIndex; + /** items index for next put, offer, or add. */ + private int putIndex; + /** Number of items in the queue */ + private int count; + + /* + * Concurrency control uses the classic two-condition algorithm + * found in any textbook. + */ + + /** Main lock guarding all access */ + private final ReentrantLock lock; + /** Condition for waiting takes */ + private final Condition notEmpty; + /** Condition for waiting puts */ + private final Condition notFull; + + // Internal helper methods + + /** + * Circularly increment i. + */ + final int inc(int i) { + return (++i == items.length)? 0 : i; + } + + /** + * Inserts element at current put position, advances, and signals. + * Call only when holding lock. + */ + private void insert(E x) { + items[putIndex] = x; + putIndex = inc(putIndex); + ++count; + notEmpty.signal(); + } + + /** + * Extracts element at current take position, advances, and signals. + * Call only when holding lock. + */ + private E extract() { + final E[] items = this.items; + E x = items[takeIndex]; + items[takeIndex] = null; + takeIndex = inc(takeIndex); + --count; + notFull.signal(); + return x; + } + + /** + * Utility for remove and iterator.remove: Delete item at position i. + * Call only when holding lock. + */ + void removeAt(int i) { + final E[] items = this.items; + // if removing front item, just advance + if (i == takeIndex) { + items[takeIndex] = null; + takeIndex = inc(takeIndex); + } else { + // slide over all others up through putIndex. + for (;;) { + int nexti = inc(i); + if (nexti != putIndex) { + items[i] = items[nexti]; + i = nexti; + } else { + items[i] = null; + putIndex = i; + break; + } + } + } + --count; + notFull.signal(); + } + + /** + * Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) + * capacity and default access policy. + * + * @param capacity the capacity of this queue + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if capacity is less than 1 + */ + public ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity) { + this(capacity, false); + } + + /** + * Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) + * capacity and the specified access policy. + * + * @param capacity the capacity of this queue + * @param fair if true then queue accesses for threads blocked + * on insertion or removal, are processed in FIFO order; + * if false the access order is unspecified. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if capacity is less than 1 + */ + public ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity, boolean fair) { + if (capacity <= 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + this.items = (E[]) new Object[capacity]; + lock = new ReentrantLock(fair); + notEmpty = lock.newCondition(); + notFull = lock.newCondition(); + } + + /** + * Creates an ArrayBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) + * capacity, the specified access policy and initially containing the + * elements of the given collection, + * added in traversal order of the collection's iterator. + * + * @param capacity the capacity of this queue + * @param fair if true then queue accesses for threads blocked + * on insertion or removal, are processed in FIFO order; + * if false the access order is unspecified. + * @param c the collection of elements to initially contain + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if capacity is less than + * c.size(), or less than 1. + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity, boolean fair, + Collection c) { + this(capacity, fair); + if (capacity < c.size()) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + + for (Iterator it = c.iterator(); it.hasNext();) + add(it.next()); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is + * possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity, + * returning true upon success and throwing an + * IllegalStateException if this queue is full. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true (as specified by {@link Collection#add}) + * @throws IllegalStateException if this queue is full + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean add(E e) { + return super.add(e); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is + * possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity, + * returning true upon success and false if this queue + * is full. This method is generally preferable to method {@link #add}, + * which can fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception. + * + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e) { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + if (count == items.length) + return false; + else { + insert(e); + return true; + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting + * for space to become available if the queue is full. + * + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + try { + while (count == items.length) + notFull.await(); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notFull.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + insert(e); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting + * up to the specified wait time for space to become available if + * the queue is full. + * + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + if (count != items.length) { + insert(e); + return true; + } + if (nanos <= 0) + return false; + try { + nanos = notFull.awaitNanos(nanos); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notFull.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E poll() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + if (count == 0) + return null; + E x = extract(); + return x; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E take() throws InterruptedException { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + try { + while (count == 0) + notEmpty.await(); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notEmpty.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + E x = extract(); + return x; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + if (count != 0) { + E x = extract(); + return x; + } + if (nanos <= 0) + return null; + try { + nanos = notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notEmpty.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E peek() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return (count == 0) ? null : items[takeIndex]; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + // this doc comment is overridden to remove the reference to collections + // greater in size than Integer.MAX_VALUE + /** + * Returns the number of elements in this queue. + * + * @return the number of elements in this queue + */ + public int size() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return count; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + // this doc comment is a modified copy of the inherited doc comment, + // without the reference to unlimited queues. + /** + * Returns the number of additional elements that this queue can ideally + * (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without + * blocking. This is always equal to the initial capacity of this queue + * less the current size of this queue. + * + *

Note that you cannot always tell if an attempt to insert + * an element will succeed by inspecting remainingCapacity + * because it may be the case that another thread is about to + * insert or remove an element. + */ + public int remainingCapacity() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return items.length - count; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, + * if it is present. More formally, removes an element e such + * that o.equals(e), if this queue contains one or more such + * elements. + * Returns true if this queue contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this queue changed as a result of the call). + * + * @param o element to be removed from this queue, if present + * @return true if this queue changed as a result of the call + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int i = takeIndex; + int k = 0; + for (;;) { + if (k++ >= count) + return false; + if (o.equals(items[i])) { + removeAt(i); + return true; + } + i = inc(i); + } + + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns true if this queue contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns true if and only if this queue contains + * at least one element e such that o.equals(e). + * + * @param o object to be checked for containment in this queue + * @return true if this queue contains the specified element + */ + public boolean contains(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int i = takeIndex; + int k = 0; + while (k++ < count) { + if (o.equals(items[i])) + return true; + i = inc(i); + } + return false; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in + * proper sequence. + * + *

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are + * maintained by this queue. (In other words, this method must allocate + * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array. + * + *

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based + * APIs. + * + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + */ + public Object[] toArray() { + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + Object[] a = new Object[count]; + int k = 0; + int i = takeIndex; + while (k < count) { + a[k++] = items[i]; + i = inc(i); + } + return a; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in + * proper sequence; the runtime type of the returned array is that of + * the specified array. If the queue fits in the specified array, it + * is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the + * runtime type of the specified array and the size of this queue. + * + *

If this queue fits in the specified array with room to spare + * (i.e., the array has more elements than this queue), the element in + * the array immediately following the end of the queue is set to + * null. + * + *

Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between + * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows + * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, + * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs. + * + *

Suppose x is a queue known to contain only strings. + * The following code can be used to dump the queue into a newly + * allocated array of String: + * + * 

+     *     String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);
+ * + * Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to + * toArray(). + * + * @param a the array into which the elements of the queue are to + * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the + * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array + * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in + * this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null + */ + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + if (a.length < count) + a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance( + a.getClass().getComponentType(), + count + ); + + int k = 0; + int i = takeIndex; + while (k < count) { + a[k++] = (T)items[i]; + i = inc(i); + } + if (a.length > count) + a[count] = null; + return a; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public String toString() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return super.toString(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Atomically removes all of the elements from this queue. + * The queue will be empty after this call returns. + */ + public void clear() { + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int i = takeIndex; + int k = count; + while (k-- > 0) { + items[i] = null; + i = inc(i); + } + count = 0; + putIndex = 0; + takeIndex = 0; + notFull.signalAll(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int i = takeIndex; + int n = 0; + int max = count; + while (n < max) { + c.add(items[i]); + items[i] = null; + i = inc(i); + ++n; + } + if (n > 0) { + count = 0; + putIndex = 0; + takeIndex = 0; + notFull.signalAll(); + } + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + if (maxElements <= 0) + return 0; + final E[] items = this.items; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int i = takeIndex; + int n = 0; + int sz = count; + int max = (maxElements < count)? maxElements : count; + while (n < max) { + c.add(items[i]); + items[i] = null; + i = inc(i); + ++n; + } + if (n > 0) { + count -= n; + takeIndex = i; + notFull.signalAll(); + } + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence. + * The returned Iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that + * will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return new Itr(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Iterator for ArrayBlockingQueue + */ + private class Itr implements Iterator { + /** + * Index of element to be returned by next, + * or a negative number if no such. + */ + private int nextIndex; + + /** + * nextItem holds on to item fields because once we claim + * that an element exists in hasNext(), we must return it in + * the following next() call even if it was in the process of + * being removed when hasNext() was called. + */ + private E nextItem; + + /** + * Index of element returned by most recent call to next. + * Reset to -1 if this element is deleted by a call to remove. + */ + private int lastRet; + + Itr() { + lastRet = -1; + if (count == 0) + nextIndex = -1; + else { + nextIndex = takeIndex; + nextItem = items[takeIndex]; + } + } + + public boolean hasNext() { + /* + * No sync. We can return true by mistake here + * only if this iterator passed across threads, + * which we don't support anyway. + */ + return nextIndex >= 0; + } + + /** + * Checks whether nextIndex is valid; if so setting nextItem. + * Stops iterator when either hits putIndex or sees null item. + */ + private void checkNext() { + if (nextIndex == putIndex) { + nextIndex = -1; + nextItem = null; + } else { + nextItem = items[nextIndex]; + if (nextItem == null) + nextIndex = -1; + } + } + + public E next() { + final ReentrantLock lock = ArrayBlockingQueue.this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + if (nextIndex < 0) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + lastRet = nextIndex; + E x = nextItem; + nextIndex = inc(nextIndex); + checkNext(); + return x; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public void remove() { + final ReentrantLock lock = ArrayBlockingQueue.this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int i = lastRet; + if (i == -1) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + lastRet = -1; + + int ti = takeIndex; + removeAt(i); + // back up cursor (reset to front if was first element) + nextIndex = (i == ti) ? takeIndex : i; + checkNext(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingDeque.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingDeque.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d77a96555 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingDeque.java @@ -0,0 +1,613 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A {@link Deque} that additionally supports blocking operations that wait + * for the deque to become non-empty when retrieving an element, and wait for + * space to become available in the deque when storing an element. + * + *

BlockingDeque methods come in four forms, with different ways + * of handling operations that cannot be satisfied immediately, but may be + * satisfied at some point in the future: + * one throws an exception, the second returns a special value (either + * null or false, depending on the operation), the third + * blocks the current thread indefinitely until the operation can succeed, + * and the fourth blocks for only a given maximum time limit before giving + * up. These methods are summarized in the following table: + * + *

+ * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + *
First Element (Head)
Throws exceptionSpecial valueBlocksTimes out
Insert{@link #addFirst addFirst(e)}{@link #offerFirst(Object) offerFirst(e)}{@link #putFirst putFirst(e)}{@link #offerFirst(Object, long, TimeUnit) offerFirst(e, time, unit)}
Remove{@link #removeFirst removeFirst()}{@link #pollFirst pollFirst()}{@link #takeFirst takeFirst()}{@link #pollFirst(long, TimeUnit) pollFirst(time, unit)}
Examine{@link #getFirst getFirst()}{@link #peekFirst peekFirst()}not applicablenot applicable
Last Element (Tail)
Throws exceptionSpecial valueBlocksTimes out
Insert{@link #addLast addLast(e)}{@link #offerLast(Object) offerLast(e)}{@link #putLast putLast(e)}{@link #offerLast(Object, long, TimeUnit) offerLast(e, time, unit)}
Remove{@link #removeLast() removeLast()}{@link #pollLast() pollLast()}{@link #takeLast takeLast()}{@link #pollLast(long, TimeUnit) pollLast(time, unit)}
Examine{@link #getLast getLast()}{@link #peekLast peekLast()}not applicablenot applicable
+ * + *

Like any {@link BlockingQueue}, a BlockingDeque is thread safe, + * does not permit null elements, and may (or may not) be + * capacity-constrained. + * + *

A BlockingDeque implementation may be used directly as a FIFO + * BlockingQueue. The methods inherited from the + * BlockingQueue interface are precisely equivalent to + * BlockingDeque methods as indicated in the following table: + * + *

+ * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + *
BlockingQueue Method Equivalent BlockingDeque Method
Insert
{@link #add(Object) add(e)}{@link #addLast(Object) addLast(e)}
{@link #offer(Object) offer(e)}{@link #offerLast(Object) offerLast(e)}
{@link #put(Object) put(e)}{@link #putLast(Object) putLast(e)}
{@link #offer(Object, long, TimeUnit) offer(e, time, unit)}{@link #offerLast(Object, long, TimeUnit) offerLast(e, time, unit)}
Remove
{@link #remove() remove()}{@link #removeFirst() removeFirst()}
{@link #poll() poll()}{@link #pollFirst() pollFirst()}
{@link #take() take()}{@link #takeFirst() takeFirst()}
{@link #poll(long, TimeUnit) poll(time, unit)}{@link #pollFirst(long, TimeUnit) pollFirst(time, unit)}
Examine
{@link #element() element()}{@link #getFirst() getFirst()}
{@link #peek() peek()}{@link #peekFirst() peekFirst()}
+ * + *

Memory consistency effects: As with other concurrent + * collections, actions in a thread prior to placing an object into a + * {@code BlockingDeque} + * happen-before + * actions subsequent to the access or removal of that element from + * the {@code BlockingDeque} in another thread. + * + *

This interface is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.6 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ +public interface BlockingDeque extends BlockingQueue, Deque { + /* + * We have "diamond" multiple interface inheritance here, and that + * introduces ambiguities. Methods might end up with different + * specs depending on the branch chosen by javadoc. Thus a lot of + * methods specs here are copied from superinterfaces. + */ + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque if it is + * possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, + * throwing an IllegalStateException if no space is currently + * available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, it is generally + * preferable to use {@link #offerFirst(Object) offerFirst}. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws IllegalStateException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + void addFirst(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque if it is + * possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, + * throwing an IllegalStateException if no space is currently + * available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, it is generally + * preferable to use {@link #offerLast(Object) offerLast}. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws IllegalStateException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + void addLast(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque if it is + * possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, + * returning true upon success and false if no space is + * currently available. + * When using a capacity-restricted deque, this method is generally + * preferable to the {@link #addFirst(Object) addFirst} method, which can + * fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + boolean offerFirst(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque if it is + * possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, + * returning true upon success and false if no space is + * currently available. + * When using a capacity-restricted deque, this method is generally + * preferable to the {@link #addLast(Object) addLast} method, which can + * fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + boolean offerLast(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque, + * waiting if necessary for space to become available. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + void putFirst(E e) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque, + * waiting if necessary for space to become available. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + void putLast(E e) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the front of this deque, + * waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to + * become available. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @param timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of + * unit + * @param unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the + * timeout parameter + * @return true if successful, or false if + * the specified waiting time elapses before space is available + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + boolean offerFirst(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque, + * waiting up to the specified wait time if necessary for space to + * become available. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @param timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of + * unit + * @param unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the + * timeout parameter + * @return true if successful, or false if + * the specified waiting time elapses before space is available + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + boolean offerLast(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the first element of this deque, waiting + * if necessary until an element becomes available. + * + * @return the head of this deque + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E takeFirst() throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the last element of this deque, waiting + * if necessary until an element becomes available. + * + * @return the tail of this deque + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E takeLast() throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the first element of this deque, waiting + * up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to + * become available. + * + * @param timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of + * unit + * @param unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the + * timeout parameter + * @return the head of this deque, or null if the specified + * waiting time elapses before an element is available + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E pollFirst(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the last element of this deque, waiting + * up to the specified wait time if necessary for an element to + * become available. + * + * @param timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of + * unit + * @param unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the + * timeout parameter + * @return the tail of this deque, or null if the specified + * waiting time elapses before an element is available + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E pollLast(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque. + * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. + * More formally, removes the first element e such that + * o.equals(e) (if such an element exists). + * Returns true if this deque contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call). + * + * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present + * @return true if an element was removed as a result of this call + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * is incompatible with this deque (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null (optional) + */ + boolean removeFirstOccurrence(Object o); + + /** + * Removes the last occurrence of the specified element from this deque. + * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. + * More formally, removes the last element e such that + * o.equals(e) (if such an element exists). + * Returns true if this deque contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call). + * + * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present + * @return true if an element was removed as a result of this call + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * is incompatible with this deque (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null (optional) + */ + boolean removeLastOccurrence(Object o); + + // *** BlockingQueue methods *** + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, at the tail of this deque) if it is possible to do so + * immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning + * true upon success and throwing an + * IllegalStateException if no space is currently available. + * When using a capacity-restricted deque, it is generally preferable to + * use {@link #offer(Object) offer}. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast(Object) addLast}. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws IllegalStateException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + boolean add(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, at the tail of this deque) if it is possible to do so + * immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning + * true upon success and false if no space is currently + * available. When using a capacity-restricted deque, this method is + * generally preferable to the {@link #add} method, which can fail to + * insert an element only by throwing an exception. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #offerLast(Object) offerLast}. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + boolean offer(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, at the tail of this deque), waiting if necessary for + * space to become available. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #putLast(Object) putLast}. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + void put(E e) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, at the tail of this deque), waiting up to the + * specified wait time if necessary for space to become available. + * + *

This method is equivalent to + * {@link #offerLast(Object,long,TimeUnit) offerLast}. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true if the element was added to this deque, else + * false + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this deque + */ + boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, the first element of this deque). + * This method differs from {@link #poll poll} only in that it + * throws an exception if this deque is empty. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst() removeFirst}. + * + * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque + * @throws NoSuchElementException if this deque is empty + */ + E remove(); + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, the first element of this deque), or returns + * null if this deque is empty. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #pollFirst()}. + * + * @return the head of this deque, or null if this deque is empty + */ + E poll(); + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, the first element of this deque), waiting if + * necessary until an element becomes available. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #takeFirst() takeFirst}. + * + * @return the head of this deque + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E take() throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque + * (in other words, the first element of this deque), waiting up to the + * specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available. + * + *

This method is equivalent to + * {@link #pollFirst(long,TimeUnit) pollFirst}. + * + * @return the head of this deque, or null if the + * specified waiting time elapses before an element is available + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by + * this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque). + * This method differs from {@link #peek peek} only in that it throws an + * exception if this deque is empty. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #getFirst() getFirst}. + * + * @return the head of this deque + * @throws NoSuchElementException if this deque is empty + */ + E element(); + + /** + * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by + * this deque (in other words, the first element of this deque), or + * returns null if this deque is empty. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #peekFirst() peekFirst}. + * + * @return the head of this deque, or null if this deque is empty + */ + E peek(); + + /** + * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque. + * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. + * More formally, removes the first element e such that + * o.equals(e) (if such an element exists). + * Returns true if this deque contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call). + * + *

This method is equivalent to + * {@link #removeFirstOccurrence(Object) removeFirstOccurrence}. + * + * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present + * @return true if this deque changed as a result of the call + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * is incompatible with this deque (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null (optional) + */ + boolean remove(Object o); + + /** + * Returns true if this deque contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns true if and only if this deque contains + * at least one element e such that o.equals(e). + * + * @param o object to be checked for containment in this deque + * @return true if this deque contains the specified element + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * is incompatible with this deque (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null (optional) + */ + public boolean contains(Object o); + + /** + * Returns the number of elements in this deque. + * + * @return the number of elements in this deque + */ + public int size(); + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence. + * The elements will be returned in order from first (head) to last (tail). + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence + */ + Iterator iterator(); + + // *** Stack methods *** + + /** + * Pushes an element onto the stack represented by this deque. In other + * words, inserts the element at the front of this deque unless it would + * violate capacity restrictions. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #addFirst(Object) addFirst}. + * + * @throws IllegalStateException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + void push(E e); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingQueue.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingQueue.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b47cc9842 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BlockingQueue.java @@ -0,0 +1,344 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +import java.util.Collection; +import java.util.Queue; + +/** + * A {@link java.util.Queue} that additionally supports operations + * that wait for the queue to become non-empty when retrieving an + * element, and wait for space to become available in the queue when + * storing an element. + * + *

BlockingQueue methods come in four forms, with different ways + * of handling operations that cannot be satisfied immediately, but may be + * satisfied at some point in the future: + * one throws an exception, the second returns a special value (either + * null or false, depending on the operation), the third + * blocks the current thread indefinitely until the operation can succeed, + * and the fourth blocks for only a given maximum time limit before giving + * up. These methods are summarized in the following table: + * + *

+ * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + * + *
Throws exceptionSpecial valueBlocksTimes out
Insert{@link #add add(e)}{@link #offer offer(e)}{@link #put put(e)}{@link #offer(Object, long, TimeUnit) offer(e, time, unit)}
Remove{@link #remove remove()}{@link #poll poll()}{@link #take take()}{@link #poll(long, TimeUnit) poll(time, unit)}
Examine{@link #element element()}{@link #peek peek()}not applicablenot applicable
+ * + *

A BlockingQueue does not accept null elements. + * Implementations throw NullPointerException on attempts + * to add, put or offer a null. A + * null is used as a sentinel value to indicate failure of + * poll operations. + * + *

A BlockingQueue may be capacity bounded. At any given + * time it may have a remainingCapacity beyond which no + * additional elements can be put without blocking. + * A BlockingQueue without any intrinsic capacity constraints always + * reports a remaining capacity of Integer.MAX_VALUE. + * + *

BlockingQueue implementations are designed to be used + * primarily for producer-consumer queues, but additionally support + * the {@link java.util.Collection} interface. So, for example, it is + * possible to remove an arbitrary element from a queue using + * remove(x). However, such operations are in general + * not performed very efficiently, and are intended for only + * occasional use, such as when a queued message is cancelled. + * + *

BlockingQueue implementations are thread-safe. All + * queuing methods achieve their effects atomically using internal + * locks or other forms of concurrency control. However, the + * bulk Collection operations addAll, + * containsAll, retainAll and removeAll are + * not necessarily performed atomically unless specified + * otherwise in an implementation. So it is possible, for example, for + * addAll(c) to fail (throwing an exception) after adding + * only some of the elements in c. + * + *

A BlockingQueue does not intrinsically support + * any kind of "close" or "shutdown" operation to + * indicate that no more items will be added. The needs and usage of + * such features tend to be implementation-dependent. For example, a + * common tactic is for producers to insert special + * end-of-stream or poison objects, that are + * interpreted accordingly when taken by consumers. + * + *

+ * Usage example, based on a typical producer-consumer scenario. + * Note that a BlockingQueue can safely be used with multiple + * producers and multiple consumers. + * 

+ * class Producer implements Runnable {
+ *   private final BlockingQueue queue;
+ *   Producer(BlockingQueue q) { queue = q; }
+ *   public void run() {
+ *     try {
+ *       while (true) { queue.put(produce()); }
+ *     } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ... handle ...}
+ *   }
+ *   Object produce() { ... }
+ * }
+ *
+ * class Consumer implements Runnable {
+ *   private final BlockingQueue queue;
+ *   Consumer(BlockingQueue q) { queue = q; }
+ *   public void run() {
+ *     try {
+ *       while (true) { consume(queue.take()); }
+ *     } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ... handle ...}
+ *   }
+ *   void consume(Object x) { ... }
+ * }
+ *
+ * class Setup {
+ *   void main() {
+ *     BlockingQueue q = new SomeQueueImplementation();
+ *     Producer p = new Producer(q);
+ *     Consumer c1 = new Consumer(q);
+ *     Consumer c2 = new Consumer(q);
+ *     new Thread(p).start();
+ *     new Thread(c1).start();
+ *     new Thread(c2).start();
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + *

Memory consistency effects: As with other concurrent + * collections, actions in a thread prior to placing an object into a + * {@code BlockingQueue} + * happen-before + * actions subsequent to the access or removal of that element from + * the {@code BlockingQueue} in another thread. + * + *

This interface is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ +public interface BlockingQueue extends Queue { + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this queue if it is possible to do + * so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning + * true upon success and throwing an + * IllegalStateException if no space is currently available. + * When using a capacity-restricted queue, it is generally preferable to + * use {@link #offer(Object) offer}. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true (as specified by {@link Collection#add}) + * @throws IllegalStateException if the element cannot be added at this + * time due to capacity restrictions + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this queue + */ + boolean add(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this queue if it is possible to do + * so immediately without violating capacity restrictions, returning + * true upon success and false if no space is currently + * available. When using a capacity-restricted queue, this method is + * generally preferable to {@link #add}, which can fail to insert an + * element only by throwing an exception. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true if the element was added to this queue, else + * false + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this queue + */ + boolean offer(E e); + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this queue, waiting if necessary + * for space to become available. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this queue + */ + void put(E e) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this queue, waiting up to the + * specified wait time if necessary for space to become available. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @param timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of + * unit + * @param unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the + * timeout parameter + * @return true if successful, or false if + * the specified waiting time elapses before space is available + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * prevents it from being added to this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified + * element prevents it from being added to this queue + */ + boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting if necessary + * until an element becomes available. + * + * @return the head of this queue + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E take() throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting up to the + * specified wait time if necessary for an element to become available. + * + * @param timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of + * unit + * @param unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the + * timeout parameter + * @return the head of this queue, or null if the + * specified waiting time elapses before an element is available + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Returns the number of additional elements that this queue can ideally + * (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without + * blocking, or Integer.MAX_VALUE if there is no intrinsic + * limit. + * + *

Note that you cannot always tell if an attempt to insert + * an element will succeed by inspecting remainingCapacity + * because it may be the case that another thread is about to + * insert or remove an element. + * + * @return the remaining capacity + */ + int remainingCapacity(); + + /** + * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, + * if it is present. More formally, removes an element e such + * that o.equals(e), if this queue contains one or more such + * elements. + * Returns true if this queue contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this queue changed as a result of the call). + * + * @param o element to be removed from this queue, if present + * @return true if this queue changed as a result of the call + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * is incompatible with this queue (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null (optional) + */ + boolean remove(Object o); + + /** + * Returns true if this queue contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns true if and only if this queue contains + * at least one element e such that o.equals(e). + * + * @param o object to be checked for containment in this queue + * @return true if this queue contains the specified element + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified element + * is incompatible with this queue (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null (optional) + */ + public boolean contains(Object o); + + /** + * Removes all available elements from this queue and adds them + * to the given collection. This operation may be more + * efficient than repeatedly polling this queue. A failure + * encountered while attempting to add elements to + * collection c may result in elements being in neither, + * either or both collections when the associated exception is + * thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in + * IllegalArgumentException. Further, the behavior of + * this operation is undefined if the specified collection is + * modified while the operation is in progress. + * + * @param c the collection to transfer elements into + * @return the number of elements transferred + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if addition of elements + * is not supported by the specified collection + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of an element of this queue + * prevents it from being added to the specified collection + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified collection is this + * queue, or some property of an element of this queue prevents + * it from being added to the specified collection + */ + int drainTo(Collection c); + + /** + * Removes at most the given number of available elements from + * this queue and adds them to the given collection. A failure + * encountered while attempting to add elements to + * collection c may result in elements being in neither, + * either or both collections when the associated exception is + * thrown. Attempts to drain a queue to itself result in + * IllegalArgumentException. Further, the behavior of + * this operation is undefined if the specified collection is + * modified while the operation is in progress. + * + * @param c the collection to transfer elements into + * @param maxElements the maximum number of elements to transfer + * @return the number of elements transferred + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if addition of elements + * is not supported by the specified collection + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of an element of this queue + * prevents it from being added to the specified collection + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified collection is this + * queue, or some property of an element of this queue prevents + * it from being added to the specified collection + */ + int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BrokenBarrierException.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BrokenBarrierException.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3f93fbb9d --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/BrokenBarrierException.java @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * Exception thrown when a thread tries to wait upon a barrier that is + * in a broken state, or which enters the broken state while the thread + * is waiting. + * + * @see CyclicBarrier + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * + */ +public class BrokenBarrierException extends Exception { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 7117394618823254244L; + + /** + * Constructs a BrokenBarrierException with no specified detail + * message. + */ + public BrokenBarrierException() {} + + /** + * Constructs a BrokenBarrierException with the specified + * detail message. + * + * @param message the detail message + */ + public BrokenBarrierException(String message) { + super(message); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Callable.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Callable.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..abc4d0407 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Callable.java @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A task that returns a result and may throw an exception. + * Implementors define a single method with no arguments called + * call. + * + *

The Callable interface is similar to {@link + * java.lang.Runnable}, in that both are designed for classes whose + * instances are potentially executed by another thread. A + * Runnable, however, does not return a result and cannot + * throw a checked exception. + * + *

The {@link Executors} class contains utility methods to + * convert from other common forms to Callable classes. + * + * @see Executor + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the result type of method call + */ +public interface Callable { + /** + * Computes a result, or throws an exception if unable to do so. + * + * @return computed result + * @throws Exception if unable to compute a result + */ + V call() throws Exception; +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CancellationException.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CancellationException.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2c29544a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CancellationException.java @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * Exception indicating that the result of a value-producing task, + * such as a {@link FutureTask}, cannot be retrieved because the task + * was cancelled. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class CancellationException extends IllegalStateException { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -9202173006928992231L; + + /** + * Constructs a CancellationException with no detail message. + */ + public CancellationException() {} + + /** + * Constructs a CancellationException with the specified detail + * message. + * + * @param message the detail message + */ + public CancellationException(String message) { + super(message); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CompletionService.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CompletionService.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..df9f719c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CompletionService.java @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A service that decouples the production of new asynchronous tasks + * from the consumption of the results of completed tasks. Producers + * submit tasks for execution. Consumers take + * completed tasks and process their results in the order they + * complete. A CompletionService can for example be used to + * manage asynchronous IO, in which tasks that perform reads are + * submitted in one part of a program or system, and then acted upon + * in a different part of the program when the reads complete, + * possibly in a different order than they were requested. + * + *

Typically, a CompletionService relies on a separate + * {@link Executor} to actually execute the tasks, in which case the + * CompletionService only manages an internal completion + * queue. The {@link ExecutorCompletionService} class provides an + * implementation of this approach. + * + *

Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread prior to + * submitting a task to a {@code CompletionService} + * happen-before + * actions taken by that task, which in turn happen-before + * actions following a successful return from the corresponding {@code take()}. + * + */ +public interface CompletionService { + /** + * Submits a value-returning task for execution and returns a Future + * representing the pending results of the task. Upon completion, + * this task may be taken or polled. + * + * @param task the task to submit + * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null + */ + Future submit(Callable task); + + /** + * Submits a Runnable task for execution and returns a Future + * representing that task. Upon completion, this task may be + * taken or polled. + * + * @param task the task to submit + * @param result the result to return upon successful completion + * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task, + * and whose get() method will return the given + * result value upon completion + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null + */ + Future submit(Runnable task, V result); + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next + * completed task, waiting if none are yet present. + * + * @return the Future representing the next completed task + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + Future take() throws InterruptedException; + + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next + * completed task or null if none are present. + * + * @return the Future representing the next completed task, or + * null if none are present + */ + Future poll(); + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the Future representing the next + * completed task, waiting if necessary up to the specified wait + * time if none are yet present. + * + * @param timeout how long to wait before giving up, in units of + * unit + * @param unit a TimeUnit determining how to interpret the + * timeout parameter + * @return the Future representing the next completed task or + * null if the specified waiting time elapses + * before one is present + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + Future poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException; +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9ad9ab25b --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentHashMap.java @@ -0,0 +1,1277 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.*; +import java.io.Serializable; +import java.io.IOException; +import java.io.ObjectInputStream; +import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; + +/** + * A hash table supporting full concurrency of retrievals and + * adjustable expected concurrency for updates. This class obeys the + * same functional specification as {@link java.util.Hashtable}, and + * includes versions of methods corresponding to each method of + * Hashtable. However, even though all operations are + * thread-safe, retrieval operations do not entail locking, + * and there is not any support for locking the entire table + * in a way that prevents all access. This class is fully + * interoperable with Hashtable in programs that rely on its + * thread safety but not on its synchronization details. + * + *

Retrieval operations (including get) generally do not + * block, so may overlap with update operations (including + * put and remove). Retrievals reflect the results + * of the most recently completed update operations holding + * upon their onset. For aggregate operations such as putAll + * and clear, concurrent retrievals may reflect insertion or + * removal of only some entries. Similarly, Iterators and + * Enumerations return elements reflecting the state of the hash table + * at some point at or since the creation of the iterator/enumeration. + * They do not throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}. + * However, iterators are designed to be used by only one thread at a time. + * + *

The allowed concurrency among update operations is guided by + * the optional concurrencyLevel constructor argument + * (default 16), which is used as a hint for internal sizing. The + * table is internally partitioned to try to permit the indicated + * number of concurrent updates without contention. Because placement + * in hash tables is essentially random, the actual concurrency will + * vary. Ideally, you should choose a value to accommodate as many + * threads as will ever concurrently modify the table. Using a + * significantly higher value than you need can waste space and time, + * and a significantly lower value can lead to thread contention. But + * overestimates and underestimates within an order of magnitude do + * not usually have much noticeable impact. A value of one is + * appropriate when it is known that only one thread will modify and + * all others will only read. Also, resizing this or any other kind of + * hash table is a relatively slow operation, so, when possible, it is + * a good idea to provide estimates of expected table sizes in + * constructors. + * + *

This class and its views and iterators implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Map} and {@link Iterator} + * interfaces. + * + *

Like {@link Hashtable} but unlike {@link HashMap}, this class + * does not allow null to be used as a key or value. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of keys maintained by this map + * @param the type of mapped values + */ +public class ConcurrentHashMap extends AbstractMap + implements ConcurrentMap, Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 7249069246763182397L; + + /* + * The basic strategy is to subdivide the table among Segments, + * each of which itself is a concurrently readable hash table. + */ + + /* ---------------- Constants -------------- */ + + /** + * The default initial capacity for this table, + * used when not otherwise specified in a constructor. + */ + static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 16; + + /** + * The default load factor for this table, used when not + * otherwise specified in a constructor. + */ + static final float DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f; + + /** + * The default concurrency level for this table, used when not + * otherwise specified in a constructor. + */ + static final int DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY_LEVEL = 16; + + /** + * The maximum capacity, used if a higher value is implicitly + * specified by either of the constructors with arguments. MUST + * be a power of two <= 1<<30 to ensure that entries are indexable + * using ints. + */ + static final int MAXIMUM_CAPACITY = 1 << 30; + + /** + * The maximum number of segments to allow; used to bound + * constructor arguments. + */ + static final int MAX_SEGMENTS = 1 << 16; // slightly conservative + + /** + * Number of unsynchronized retries in size and containsValue + * methods before resorting to locking. This is used to avoid + * unbounded retries if tables undergo continuous modification + * which would make it impossible to obtain an accurate result. + */ + static final int RETRIES_BEFORE_LOCK = 2; + + /* ---------------- Fields -------------- */ + + /** + * Mask value for indexing into segments. The upper bits of a + * key's hash code are used to choose the segment. + */ + final int segmentMask; + + /** + * Shift value for indexing within segments. + */ + final int segmentShift; + + /** + * The segments, each of which is a specialized hash table + */ + final Segment[] segments; + + transient Set keySet; + transient Set> entrySet; + transient Collection values; + + /* ---------------- Small Utilities -------------- */ + + /** + * Applies a supplemental hash function to a given hashCode, which + * defends against poor quality hash functions. This is critical + * because ConcurrentHashMap uses power-of-two length hash tables, + * that otherwise encounter collisions for hashCodes that do not + * differ in lower bits. + */ + private static int hash(int h) { + // This function ensures that hashCodes that differ only by + // constant multiples at each bit position have a bounded + // number of collisions (approximately 8 at default load factor). + h ^= (h >>> 20) ^ (h >>> 12); + return h ^ (h >>> 7) ^ (h >>> 4); + } + + /** + * Returns the segment that should be used for key with given hash + * @param hash the hash code for the key + * @return the segment + */ + final Segment segmentFor(int hash) { + return segments[(hash >>> segmentShift) & segmentMask]; + } + + /* ---------------- Inner Classes -------------- */ + + /** + * ConcurrentHashMap list entry. Note that this is never exported + * out as a user-visible Map.Entry. + * + * Because the value field is volatile, not final, it is legal wrt + * the Java Memory Model for an unsynchronized reader to see null + * instead of initial value when read via a data race. Although a + * reordering leading to this is not likely to ever actually + * occur, the Segment.readValueUnderLock method is used as a + * backup in case a null (pre-initialized) value is ever seen in + * an unsynchronized access method. + */ + static final class HashEntry { + final K key; + final int hash; + volatile V value; + final HashEntry next; + + HashEntry(K key, int hash, HashEntry next, V value) { + this.key = key; + this.hash = hash; + this.next = next; + this.value = value; + } + + @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") + static final HashEntry[] newArray(int i) { + return new HashEntry[i]; + } + } + + /** + * Segments are specialized versions of hash tables. This + * subclasses from ReentrantLock opportunistically, just to + * simplify some locking and avoid separate construction. + */ + static final class Segment extends ReentrantLock implements Serializable { + /* + * Segments maintain a table of entry lists that are ALWAYS + * kept in a consistent state, so can be read without locking. + * Next fields of nodes are immutable (final). All list + * additions are performed at the front of each bin. This + * makes it easy to check changes, and also fast to traverse. + * When nodes would otherwise be changed, new nodes are + * created to replace them. This works well for hash tables + * since the bin lists tend to be short. (The average length + * is less than two for the default load factor threshold.) + * + * Read operations can thus proceed without locking, but rely + * on selected uses of volatiles to ensure that completed + * write operations performed by other threads are + * noticed. For most purposes, the "count" field, tracking the + * number of elements, serves as that volatile variable + * ensuring visibility. This is convenient because this field + * needs to be read in many read operations anyway: + * + * - All (unsynchronized) read operations must first read the + * "count" field, and should not look at table entries if + * it is 0. + * + * - All (synchronized) write operations should write to + * the "count" field after structurally changing any bin. + * The operations must not take any action that could even + * momentarily cause a concurrent read operation to see + * inconsistent data. This is made easier by the nature of + * the read operations in Map. For example, no operation + * can reveal that the table has grown but the threshold + * has not yet been updated, so there are no atomicity + * requirements for this with respect to reads. + * + * As a guide, all critical volatile reads and writes to the + * count field are marked in code comments. + */ + + private static final long serialVersionUID = 2249069246763182397L; + + /** + * The number of elements in this segment's region. + */ + transient volatile int count; + + /** + * Number of updates that alter the size of the table. This is + * used during bulk-read methods to make sure they see a + * consistent snapshot: If modCounts change during a traversal + * of segments computing size or checking containsValue, then + * we might have an inconsistent view of state so (usually) + * must retry. + */ + transient int modCount; + + /** + * The table is rehashed when its size exceeds this threshold. + * (The value of this field is always (int)(capacity * + * loadFactor).) + */ + transient int threshold; + + /** + * The per-segment table. + */ + transient volatile HashEntry[] table; + + /** + * The load factor for the hash table. Even though this value + * is same for all segments, it is replicated to avoid needing + * links to outer object. + * @serial + */ + final float loadFactor; + + Segment(int initialCapacity, float lf) { + loadFactor = lf; + setTable(HashEntry.newArray(initialCapacity)); + } + + @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") + static final Segment[] newArray(int i) { + return new Segment[i]; + } + + /** + * Sets table to new HashEntry array. + * Call only while holding lock or in constructor. + */ + void setTable(HashEntry[] newTable) { + threshold = (int)(newTable.length * loadFactor); + table = newTable; + } + + /** + * Returns properly casted first entry of bin for given hash. + */ + HashEntry getFirst(int hash) { + HashEntry[] tab = table; + return tab[hash & (tab.length - 1)]; + } + + /** + * Reads value field of an entry under lock. Called if value + * field ever appears to be null. This is possible only if a + * compiler happens to reorder a HashEntry initialization with + * its table assignment, which is legal under memory model + * but is not known to ever occur. + */ + V readValueUnderLock(HashEntry e) { + lock(); + try { + return e.value; + } finally { + unlock(); + } + } + + /* Specialized implementations of map methods */ + + V get(Object key, int hash) { + if (count != 0) { // read-volatile + HashEntry e = getFirst(hash); + while (e != null) { + if (e.hash == hash && key.equals(e.key)) { + V v = e.value; + if (v != null) + return v; + return readValueUnderLock(e); // recheck + } + e = e.next; + } + } + return null; + } + + boolean containsKey(Object key, int hash) { + if (count != 0) { // read-volatile + HashEntry e = getFirst(hash); + while (e != null) { + if (e.hash == hash && key.equals(e.key)) + return true; + e = e.next; + } + } + return false; + } + + boolean containsValue(Object value) { + if (count != 0) { // read-volatile + HashEntry[] tab = table; + int len = tab.length; + for (int i = 0 ; i < len; i++) { + for (HashEntry e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next) { + V v = e.value; + if (v == null) // recheck + v = readValueUnderLock(e); + if (value.equals(v)) + return true; + } + } + } + return false; + } + + boolean replace(K key, int hash, V oldValue, V newValue) { + lock(); + try { + HashEntry e = getFirst(hash); + while (e != null && (e.hash != hash || !key.equals(e.key))) + e = e.next; + + boolean replaced = false; + if (e != null && oldValue.equals(e.value)) { + replaced = true; + e.value = newValue; + } + return replaced; + } finally { + unlock(); + } + } + + V replace(K key, int hash, V newValue) { + lock(); + try { + HashEntry e = getFirst(hash); + while (e != null && (e.hash != hash || !key.equals(e.key))) + e = e.next; + + V oldValue = null; + if (e != null) { + oldValue = e.value; + e.value = newValue; + } + return oldValue; + } finally { + unlock(); + } + } + + + V put(K key, int hash, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) { + lock(); + try { + int c = count; + if (c++ > threshold) // ensure capacity + rehash(); + HashEntry[] tab = table; + int index = hash & (tab.length - 1); + HashEntry first = tab[index]; + HashEntry e = first; + while (e != null && (e.hash != hash || !key.equals(e.key))) + e = e.next; + + V oldValue; + if (e != null) { + oldValue = e.value; + if (!onlyIfAbsent) + e.value = value; + } + else { + oldValue = null; + ++modCount; + tab[index] = new HashEntry(key, hash, first, value); + count = c; // write-volatile + } + return oldValue; + } finally { + unlock(); + } + } + + void rehash() { + HashEntry[] oldTable = table; + int oldCapacity = oldTable.length; + if (oldCapacity >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) + return; + + /* + * Reclassify nodes in each list to new Map. Because we are + * using power-of-two expansion, the elements from each bin + * must either stay at same index, or move with a power of two + * offset. We eliminate unnecessary node creation by catching + * cases where old nodes can be reused because their next + * fields won't change. Statistically, at the default + * threshold, only about one-sixth of them need cloning when + * a table doubles. The nodes they replace will be garbage + * collectable as soon as they are no longer referenced by any + * reader thread that may be in the midst of traversing table + * right now. + */ + + HashEntry[] newTable = HashEntry.newArray(oldCapacity<<1); + threshold = (int)(newTable.length * loadFactor); + int sizeMask = newTable.length - 1; + for (int i = 0; i < oldCapacity ; i++) { + // We need to guarantee that any existing reads of old Map can + // proceed. So we cannot yet null out each bin. + HashEntry e = oldTable[i]; + + if (e != null) { + HashEntry next = e.next; + int idx = e.hash & sizeMask; + + // Single node on list + if (next == null) + newTable[idx] = e; + + else { + // Reuse trailing consecutive sequence at same slot + HashEntry lastRun = e; + int lastIdx = idx; + for (HashEntry last = next; + last != null; + last = last.next) { + int k = last.hash & sizeMask; + if (k != lastIdx) { + lastIdx = k; + lastRun = last; + } + } + newTable[lastIdx] = lastRun; + + // Clone all remaining nodes + for (HashEntry p = e; p != lastRun; p = p.next) { + int k = p.hash & sizeMask; + HashEntry n = newTable[k]; + newTable[k] = new HashEntry(p.key, p.hash, + n, p.value); + } + } + } + } + table = newTable; + } + + /** + * Remove; match on key only if value null, else match both. + */ + V remove(Object key, int hash, Object value) { + lock(); + try { + int c = count - 1; + HashEntry[] tab = table; + int index = hash & (tab.length - 1); + HashEntry first = tab[index]; + HashEntry e = first; + while (e != null && (e.hash != hash || !key.equals(e.key))) + e = e.next; + + V oldValue = null; + if (e != null) { + V v = e.value; + if (value == null || value.equals(v)) { + oldValue = v; + // All entries following removed node can stay + // in list, but all preceding ones need to be + // cloned. + ++modCount; + HashEntry newFirst = e.next; + for (HashEntry p = first; p != e; p = p.next) + newFirst = new HashEntry(p.key, p.hash, + newFirst, p.value); + tab[index] = newFirst; + count = c; // write-volatile + } + } + return oldValue; + } finally { + unlock(); + } + } + + void clear() { + if (count != 0) { + lock(); + try { + HashEntry[] tab = table; + for (int i = 0; i < tab.length ; i++) + tab[i] = null; + ++modCount; + count = 0; // write-volatile + } finally { + unlock(); + } + } + } + } + + + + /* ---------------- Public operations -------------- */ + + /** + * Creates a new, empty map with the specified initial + * capacity, load factor and concurrency level. + * + * @param initialCapacity the initial capacity. The implementation + * performs internal sizing to accommodate this many elements. + * @param loadFactor the load factor threshold, used to control resizing. + * Resizing may be performed when the average number of elements per + * bin exceeds this threshold. + * @param concurrencyLevel the estimated number of concurrently + * updating threads. The implementation performs internal sizing + * to try to accommodate this many threads. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is + * negative or the load factor or concurrencyLevel are + * nonpositive. + */ + public ConcurrentHashMap(int initialCapacity, + float loadFactor, int concurrencyLevel) { + if (!(loadFactor > 0) || initialCapacity < 0 || concurrencyLevel <= 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + + if (concurrencyLevel > MAX_SEGMENTS) + concurrencyLevel = MAX_SEGMENTS; + + // Find power-of-two sizes best matching arguments + int sshift = 0; + int ssize = 1; + while (ssize < concurrencyLevel) { + ++sshift; + ssize <<= 1; + } + segmentShift = 32 - sshift; + segmentMask = ssize - 1; + this.segments = Segment.newArray(ssize); + + if (initialCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) + initialCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY; + int c = initialCapacity / ssize; + if (c * ssize < initialCapacity) + ++c; + int cap = 1; + while (cap < c) + cap <<= 1; + + for (int i = 0; i < this.segments.length; ++i) + this.segments[i] = new Segment(cap, loadFactor); + } + + /** + * Creates a new, empty map with the specified initial capacity + * and load factor and with the default concurrencyLevel (16). + * + * @param initialCapacity The implementation performs internal + * sizing to accommodate this many elements. + * @param loadFactor the load factor threshold, used to control resizing. + * Resizing may be performed when the average number of elements per + * bin exceeds this threshold. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity of + * elements is negative or the load factor is nonpositive + * + * @since 1.6 + */ + public ConcurrentHashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) { + this(initialCapacity, loadFactor, DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY_LEVEL); + } + + /** + * Creates a new, empty map with the specified initial capacity, + * and with default load factor (0.75) and concurrencyLevel (16). + * + * @param initialCapacity the initial capacity. The implementation + * performs internal sizing to accommodate this many elements. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity of + * elements is negative. + */ + public ConcurrentHashMap(int initialCapacity) { + this(initialCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR, DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY_LEVEL); + } + + /** + * Creates a new, empty map with a default initial capacity (16), + * load factor (0.75) and concurrencyLevel (16). + */ + public ConcurrentHashMap() { + this(DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR, DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY_LEVEL); + } + + /** + * Creates a new map with the same mappings as the given map. + * The map is created with a capacity of 1.5 times the number + * of mappings in the given map or 16 (whichever is greater), + * and a default load factor (0.75) and concurrencyLevel (16). + * + * @param m the map + */ + public ConcurrentHashMap(Map m) { + this(Math.max((int) (m.size() / DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR) + 1, + DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY), + DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR, DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY_LEVEL); + putAll(m); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this map contains no key-value mappings. + * + * @return true if this map contains no key-value mappings + */ + public boolean isEmpty() { + final Segment[] segments = this.segments; + /* + * We keep track of per-segment modCounts to avoid ABA + * problems in which an element in one segment was added and + * in another removed during traversal, in which case the + * table was never actually empty at any point. Note the + * similar use of modCounts in the size() and containsValue() + * methods, which are the only other methods also susceptible + * to ABA problems. + */ + int[] mc = new int[segments.length]; + int mcsum = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + if (segments[i].count != 0) + return false; + else + mcsum += mc[i] = segments[i].modCount; + } + // If mcsum happens to be zero, then we know we got a snapshot + // before any modifications at all were made. This is + // probably common enough to bother tracking. + if (mcsum != 0) { + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + if (segments[i].count != 0 || + mc[i] != segments[i].modCount) + return false; + } + } + return true; + } + + /** + * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map. If the + * map contains more than Integer.MAX_VALUE elements, returns + * Integer.MAX_VALUE. + * + * @return the number of key-value mappings in this map + */ + public int size() { + final Segment[] segments = this.segments; + long sum = 0; + long check = 0; + int[] mc = new int[segments.length]; + // Try a few times to get accurate count. On failure due to + // continuous async changes in table, resort to locking. + for (int k = 0; k < RETRIES_BEFORE_LOCK; ++k) { + check = 0; + sum = 0; + int mcsum = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + sum += segments[i].count; + mcsum += mc[i] = segments[i].modCount; + } + if (mcsum != 0) { + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + check += segments[i].count; + if (mc[i] != segments[i].modCount) { + check = -1; // force retry + break; + } + } + } + if (check == sum) + break; + } + if (check != sum) { // Resort to locking all segments + sum = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) + segments[i].lock(); + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) + sum += segments[i].count; + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) + segments[i].unlock(); + } + if (sum > Integer.MAX_VALUE) + return Integer.MAX_VALUE; + else + return (int)sum; + } + + /** + * Returns the value to which the specified key is mapped, + * or {@code null} if this map contains no mapping for the key. + * + *

More formally, if this map contains a mapping from a key + * {@code k} to a value {@code v} such that {@code key.equals(k)}, + * then this method returns {@code v}; otherwise it returns + * {@code null}. (There can be at most one such mapping.) + * + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public V get(Object key) { + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + return segmentFor(hash).get(key, hash); + } + + /** + * Tests if the specified object is a key in this table. + * + * @param key possible key + * @return true if and only if the specified object + * is a key in this table, as determined by the + * equals method; false otherwise. + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public boolean containsKey(Object key) { + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + return segmentFor(hash).containsKey(key, hash); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this map maps one or more keys to the + * specified value. Note: This method requires a full internal + * traversal of the hash table, and so is much slower than + * method containsKey. + * + * @param value value whose presence in this map is to be tested + * @return true if this map maps one or more keys to the + * specified value + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified value is null + */ + public boolean containsValue(Object value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + + // See explanation of modCount use above + + final Segment[] segments = this.segments; + int[] mc = new int[segments.length]; + + // Try a few times without locking + for (int k = 0; k < RETRIES_BEFORE_LOCK; ++k) { + int sum = 0; + int mcsum = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + int c = segments[i].count; + mcsum += mc[i] = segments[i].modCount; + if (segments[i].containsValue(value)) + return true; + } + boolean cleanSweep = true; + if (mcsum != 0) { + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + int c = segments[i].count; + if (mc[i] != segments[i].modCount) { + cleanSweep = false; + break; + } + } + } + if (cleanSweep) + return false; + } + // Resort to locking all segments + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) + segments[i].lock(); + boolean found = false; + try { + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + if (segments[i].containsValue(value)) { + found = true; + break; + } + } + } finally { + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) + segments[i].unlock(); + } + return found; + } + + /** + * Legacy method testing if some key maps into the specified value + * in this table. This method is identical in functionality to + * {@link #containsValue}, and exists solely to ensure + * full compatibility with class {@link java.util.Hashtable}, + * which supported this method prior to introduction of the + * Java Collections framework. + + * @param value a value to search for + * @return true if and only if some key maps to the + * value argument in this table as + * determined by the equals method; + * false otherwise + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified value is null + */ + public boolean contains(Object value) { + return containsValue(value); + } + + /** + * Maps the specified key to the specified value in this table. + * Neither the key nor the value can be null. + * + *

The value can be retrieved by calling the get method + * with a key that is equal to the original key. + * + * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated + * @param value value to be associated with the specified key + * @return the previous value associated with key, or + * null if there was no mapping for key + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null + */ + public V put(K key, V value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + return segmentFor(hash).put(key, hash, value, false); + } + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, + * or null if there was no mapping for the key + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null + */ + public V putIfAbsent(K key, V value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + return segmentFor(hash).put(key, hash, value, true); + } + + /** + * Copies all of the mappings from the specified map to this one. + * These mappings replace any mappings that this map had for any of the + * keys currently in the specified map. + * + * @param m mappings to be stored in this map + */ + public void putAll(Map m) { + for (Map.Entry e : m.entrySet()) + put(e.getKey(), e.getValue()); + } + + /** + * Removes the key (and its corresponding value) from this map. + * This method does nothing if the key is not in the map. + * + * @param key the key that needs to be removed + * @return the previous value associated with key, or + * null if there was no mapping for key + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public V remove(Object key) { + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + return segmentFor(hash).remove(key, hash, null); + } + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public boolean remove(Object key, Object value) { + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + if (value == null) + return false; + return segmentFor(hash).remove(key, hash, value) != null; + } + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @throws NullPointerException if any of the arguments are null + */ + public boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue) { + if (oldValue == null || newValue == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + return segmentFor(hash).replace(key, hash, oldValue, newValue); + } + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, + * or null if there was no mapping for the key + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null + */ + public V replace(K key, V value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int hash = hash(key.hashCode()); + return segmentFor(hash).replace(key, hash, value); + } + + /** + * Removes all of the mappings from this map. + */ + public void clear() { + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) + segments[i].clear(); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Set} view of the keys contained in this map. + * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the set, and vice-versa. The set supports element + * removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from this map, + * via the Iterator.remove, Set.remove, + * removeAll, retainAll, and clear + * operations. It does not support the add or + * addAll operations. + * + *

The view's iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + */ + public Set keySet() { + Set ks = keySet; + return (ks != null) ? ks : (keySet = new KeySet()); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Collection} view of the values contained in this map. + * The collection is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the collection, and vice-versa. The collection + * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding + * mapping from this map, via the Iterator.remove, + * Collection.remove, removeAll, + * retainAll, and clear operations. It does not + * support the add or addAll operations. + * + *

The view's iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + */ + public Collection values() { + Collection vs = values; + return (vs != null) ? vs : (values = new Values()); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map. + * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the set, and vice-versa. The set supports element + * removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, + * via the Iterator.remove, Set.remove, + * removeAll, retainAll, and clear + * operations. It does not support the add or + * addAll operations. + * + *

The view's iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + */ + public Set> entrySet() { + Set> es = entrySet; + return (es != null) ? es : (entrySet = new EntrySet()); + } + + /** + * Returns an enumeration of the keys in this table. + * + * @return an enumeration of the keys in this table + * @see #keySet + */ + public Enumeration keys() { + return new KeyIterator(); + } + + /** + * Returns an enumeration of the values in this table. + * + * @return an enumeration of the values in this table + * @see #values + */ + public Enumeration elements() { + return new ValueIterator(); + } + + /* ---------------- Iterator Support -------------- */ + + abstract class HashIterator { + int nextSegmentIndex; + int nextTableIndex; + HashEntry[] currentTable; + HashEntry nextEntry; + HashEntry lastReturned; + + HashIterator() { + nextSegmentIndex = segments.length - 1; + nextTableIndex = -1; + advance(); + } + + public boolean hasMoreElements() { return hasNext(); } + + final void advance() { + if (nextEntry != null && (nextEntry = nextEntry.next) != null) + return; + + while (nextTableIndex >= 0) { + if ( (nextEntry = currentTable[nextTableIndex--]) != null) + return; + } + + while (nextSegmentIndex >= 0) { + Segment seg = segments[nextSegmentIndex--]; + if (seg.count != 0) { + currentTable = seg.table; + for (int j = currentTable.length - 1; j >= 0; --j) { + if ( (nextEntry = currentTable[j]) != null) { + nextTableIndex = j - 1; + return; + } + } + } + } + } + + public boolean hasNext() { return nextEntry != null; } + + HashEntry nextEntry() { + if (nextEntry == null) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + lastReturned = nextEntry; + advance(); + return lastReturned; + } + + public void remove() { + if (lastReturned == null) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + ConcurrentHashMap.this.remove(lastReturned.key); + lastReturned = null; + } + } + + final class KeyIterator + extends HashIterator + implements Iterator, Enumeration + { + public K next() { return super.nextEntry().key; } + public K nextElement() { return super.nextEntry().key; } + } + + final class ValueIterator + extends HashIterator + implements Iterator, Enumeration + { + public V next() { return super.nextEntry().value; } + public V nextElement() { return super.nextEntry().value; } + } + + /** + * Custom Entry class used by EntryIterator.next(), that relays + * setValue changes to the underlying map. + */ + final class WriteThroughEntry + extends AbstractMap.SimpleEntry + { + WriteThroughEntry(K k, V v) { + super(k,v); + } + + /** + * Set our entry's value and write through to the map. The + * value to return is somewhat arbitrary here. Since a + * WriteThroughEntry does not necessarily track asynchronous + * changes, the most recent "previous" value could be + * different from what we return (or could even have been + * removed in which case the put will re-establish). We do not + * and cannot guarantee more. + */ + public V setValue(V value) { + if (value == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + V v = super.setValue(value); + ConcurrentHashMap.this.put(getKey(), value); + return v; + } + } + + final class EntryIterator + extends HashIterator + implements Iterator> + { + public Map.Entry next() { + HashEntry e = super.nextEntry(); + return new WriteThroughEntry(e.key, e.value); + } + } + + final class KeySet extends AbstractSet { + public Iterator iterator() { + return new KeyIterator(); + } + public int size() { + return ConcurrentHashMap.this.size(); + } + public boolean contains(Object o) { + return ConcurrentHashMap.this.containsKey(o); + } + public boolean remove(Object o) { + return ConcurrentHashMap.this.remove(o) != null; + } + public void clear() { + ConcurrentHashMap.this.clear(); + } + } + + final class Values extends AbstractCollection { + public Iterator iterator() { + return new ValueIterator(); + } + public int size() { + return ConcurrentHashMap.this.size(); + } + public boolean contains(Object o) { + return ConcurrentHashMap.this.containsValue(o); + } + public void clear() { + ConcurrentHashMap.this.clear(); + } + } + + final class EntrySet extends AbstractSet> { + public Iterator> iterator() { + return new EntryIterator(); + } + public boolean contains(Object o) { + if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry)) + return false; + Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry)o; + V v = ConcurrentHashMap.this.get(e.getKey()); + return v != null && v.equals(e.getValue()); + } + public boolean remove(Object o) { + if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry)) + return false; + Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry)o; + return ConcurrentHashMap.this.remove(e.getKey(), e.getValue()); + } + public int size() { + return ConcurrentHashMap.this.size(); + } + public void clear() { + ConcurrentHashMap.this.clear(); + } + } + + /* ---------------- Serialization Support -------------- */ + + /** + * Save the state of the ConcurrentHashMap instance to a + * stream (i.e., serialize it). + * @param s the stream + * @serialData + * the key (Object) and value (Object) + * for each key-value mapping, followed by a null pair. + * The key-value mappings are emitted in no particular order. + */ + private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) throws IOException { + s.defaultWriteObject(); + + for (int k = 0; k < segments.length; ++k) { + Segment seg = segments[k]; + seg.lock(); + try { + HashEntry[] tab = seg.table; + for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i) { + for (HashEntry e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next) { + s.writeObject(e.key); + s.writeObject(e.value); + } + } + } finally { + seg.unlock(); + } + } + s.writeObject(null); + s.writeObject(null); + } + + /** + * Reconstitute the ConcurrentHashMap instance from a + * stream (i.e., deserialize it). + * @param s the stream + */ + private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + s.defaultReadObject(); + + // Initialize each segment to be minimally sized, and let grow. + for (int i = 0; i < segments.length; ++i) { + segments[i].setTable(new HashEntry[1]); + } + + // Read the keys and values, and put the mappings in the table + for (;;) { + K key = (K) s.readObject(); + V value = (V) s.readObject(); + if (key == null) + break; + put(key, value); + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentLinkedQueue.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentLinkedQueue.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..000f4a4c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentLinkedQueue.java @@ -0,0 +1,480 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; + + +/** + * An unbounded thread-safe {@linkplain Queue queue} based on linked nodes. + * This queue orders elements FIFO (first-in-first-out). + * The head of the queue is that element that has been on the + * queue the longest time. + * The tail of the queue is that element that has been on the + * queue the shortest time. New elements + * are inserted at the tail of the queue, and the queue retrieval + * operations obtain elements at the head of the queue. + * A ConcurrentLinkedQueue is an appropriate choice when + * many threads will share access to a common collection. + * This queue does not permit null elements. + * + *

This implementation employs an efficient "wait-free" + * algorithm based on one described in Simple, + * Fast, and Practical Non-Blocking and Blocking Concurrent Queue + * Algorithms by Maged M. Michael and Michael L. Scott. + * + *

Beware that, unlike in most collections, the size method + * is NOT a constant-time operation. Because of the + * asynchronous nature of these queues, determining the current number + * of elements requires a traversal of the elements. + * + *

This class and its iterator implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link + * Iterator} interfaces. + * + *

Memory consistency effects: As with other concurrent + * collections, actions in a thread prior to placing an object into a + * {@code ConcurrentLinkedQueue} + * happen-before + * actions subsequent to the access or removal of that element from + * the {@code ConcurrentLinkedQueue} in another thread. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + * + */ +public class ConcurrentLinkedQueue extends AbstractQueue + implements Queue, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 196745693267521676L; + + /* + * This is a straight adaptation of Michael & Scott algorithm. + * For explanation, read the paper. The only (minor) algorithmic + * difference is that this version supports lazy deletion of + * internal nodes (method remove(Object)) -- remove CAS'es item + * fields to null. The normal queue operations unlink but then + * pass over nodes with null item fields. Similarly, iteration + * methods ignore those with nulls. + * + * Also note that like most non-blocking algorithms in this + * package, this implementation relies on the fact that in garbage + * collected systems, there is no possibility of ABA problems due + * to recycled nodes, so there is no need to use "counted + * pointers" or related techniques seen in versions used in + * non-GC'ed settings. + */ + + private static class Node { + private volatile E item; + private volatile Node next; + + private static final + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + nextUpdater = + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (Node.class, Node.class, "next"); + private static final + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + itemUpdater = + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (Node.class, Object.class, "item"); + + Node(E x) { item = x; } + + Node(E x, Node n) { item = x; next = n; } + + E getItem() { + return item; + } + + boolean casItem(E cmp, E val) { + return itemUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + void setItem(E val) { + itemUpdater.set(this, val); + } + + Node getNext() { + return next; + } + + boolean casNext(Node cmp, Node val) { + return nextUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + void setNext(Node val) { + nextUpdater.set(this, val); + } + + } + + private static final + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + tailUpdater = + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (ConcurrentLinkedQueue.class, Node.class, "tail"); + private static final + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + headUpdater = + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (ConcurrentLinkedQueue.class, Node.class, "head"); + + private boolean casTail(Node cmp, Node val) { + return tailUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + private boolean casHead(Node cmp, Node val) { + return headUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + + /** + * Pointer to header node, initialized to a dummy node. The first + * actual node is at head.getNext(). + */ + private transient volatile Node head = new Node(null, null); + + /** Pointer to last node on list **/ + private transient volatile Node tail = head; + + + /** + * Creates a ConcurrentLinkedQueue that is initially empty. + */ + public ConcurrentLinkedQueue() {} + + /** + * Creates a ConcurrentLinkedQueue + * initially containing the elements of the given collection, + * added in traversal order of the collection's iterator. + * @param c the collection of elements to initially contain + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public ConcurrentLinkedQueue(Collection c) { + for (Iterator it = c.iterator(); it.hasNext();) + add(it.next()); + } + + // Have to override just to update the javadoc + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue. + * + * @return true (as specified by {@link Collection#add}) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean add(E e) { + return offer(e); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue. + * + * @return true (as specified by {@link Queue#offer}) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e) { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + Node n = new Node(e, null); + for (;;) { + Node t = tail; + Node s = t.getNext(); + if (t == tail) { + if (s == null) { + if (t.casNext(s, n)) { + casTail(t, n); + return true; + } + } else { + casTail(t, s); + } + } + } + } + + public E poll() { + for (;;) { + Node h = head; + Node t = tail; + Node first = h.getNext(); + if (h == head) { + if (h == t) { + if (first == null) + return null; + else + casTail(t, first); + } else if (casHead(h, first)) { + E item = first.getItem(); + if (item != null) { + first.setItem(null); + return item; + } + // else skip over deleted item, continue loop, + } + } + } + } + + public E peek() { // same as poll except don't remove item + for (;;) { + Node h = head; + Node t = tail; + Node first = h.getNext(); + if (h == head) { + if (h == t) { + if (first == null) + return null; + else + casTail(t, first); + } else { + E item = first.getItem(); + if (item != null) + return item; + else // remove deleted node and continue + casHead(h, first); + } + } + } + } + + /** + * Returns the first actual (non-header) node on list. This is yet + * another variant of poll/peek; here returning out the first + * node, not element (so we cannot collapse with peek() without + * introducing race.) + */ + Node first() { + for (;;) { + Node h = head; + Node t = tail; + Node first = h.getNext(); + if (h == head) { + if (h == t) { + if (first == null) + return null; + else + casTail(t, first); + } else { + if (first.getItem() != null) + return first; + else // remove deleted node and continue + casHead(h, first); + } + } + } + } + + + /** + * Returns true if this queue contains no elements. + * + * @return true if this queue contains no elements + */ + public boolean isEmpty() { + return first() == null; + } + + /** + * Returns the number of elements in this queue. If this queue + * contains more than Integer.MAX_VALUE elements, returns + * Integer.MAX_VALUE. + * + *

Beware that, unlike in most collections, this method is + * NOT a constant-time operation. Because of the + * asynchronous nature of these queues, determining the current + * number of elements requires an O(n) traversal. + * + * @return the number of elements in this queue + */ + public int size() { + int count = 0; + for (Node p = first(); p != null; p = p.getNext()) { + if (p.getItem() != null) { + // Collections.size() spec says to max out + if (++count == Integer.MAX_VALUE) + break; + } + } + return count; + } + + /** + * Returns true if this queue contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns true if and only if this queue contains + * at least one element e such that o.equals(e). + * + * @param o object to be checked for containment in this queue + * @return true if this queue contains the specified element + */ + public boolean contains(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + for (Node p = first(); p != null; p = p.getNext()) { + E item = p.getItem(); + if (item != null && + o.equals(item)) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + /** + * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, + * if it is present. More formally, removes an element e such + * that o.equals(e), if this queue contains one or more such + * elements. + * Returns true if this queue contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this queue changed as a result of the call). + * + * @param o element to be removed from this queue, if present + * @return true if this queue changed as a result of the call + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + for (Node p = first(); p != null; p = p.getNext()) { + E item = p.getItem(); + if (item != null && + o.equals(item) && + p.casItem(item, null)) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence. + * The returned iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that + * will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return new Itr(); + } + + private class Itr implements Iterator { + /** + * Next node to return item for. + */ + private Node nextNode; + + /** + * nextItem holds on to item fields because once we claim + * that an element exists in hasNext(), we must return it in + * the following next() call even if it was in the process of + * being removed when hasNext() was called. + */ + private E nextItem; + + /** + * Node of the last returned item, to support remove. + */ + private Node lastRet; + + Itr() { + advance(); + } + + /** + * Moves to next valid node and returns item to return for + * next(), or null if no such. + */ + private E advance() { + lastRet = nextNode; + E x = nextItem; + + Node p = (nextNode == null)? first() : nextNode.getNext(); + for (;;) { + if (p == null) { + nextNode = null; + nextItem = null; + return x; + } + E item = p.getItem(); + if (item != null) { + nextNode = p; + nextItem = item; + return x; + } else // skip over nulls + p = p.getNext(); + } + } + + public boolean hasNext() { + return nextNode != null; + } + + public E next() { + if (nextNode == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); + return advance(); + } + + public void remove() { + Node l = lastRet; + if (l == null) throw new IllegalStateException(); + // rely on a future traversal to relink. + l.setItem(null); + lastRet = null; + } + } + + /** + * Save the state to a stream (that is, serialize it). + * + * @serialData All of the elements (each an E) in + * the proper order, followed by a null + * @param s the stream + */ + private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException { + + // Write out any hidden stuff + s.defaultWriteObject(); + + // Write out all elements in the proper order. + for (Node p = first(); p != null; p = p.getNext()) { + Object item = p.getItem(); + if (item != null) + s.writeObject(item); + } + + // Use trailing null as sentinel + s.writeObject(null); + } + + /** + * Reconstitute the Queue instance from a stream (that is, + * deserialize it). + * @param s the stream + */ + private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + // Read in capacity, and any hidden stuff + s.defaultReadObject(); + head = new Node(null, null); + tail = head; + // Read in all elements and place in queue + for (;;) { + E item = (E)s.readObject(); + if (item == null) + break; + else + offer(item); + } + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentMap.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentMap.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6e5bd0738 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentMap.java @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.Map; + +/** + * A {@link java.util.Map} providing additional atomic + * putIfAbsent, remove, and replace methods. + * + *

Memory consistency effects: As with other concurrent + * collections, actions in a thread prior to placing an object into a + * {@code ConcurrentMap} as a key or value + * happen-before + * actions subsequent to the access or removal of that object from + * the {@code ConcurrentMap} in another thread. + * + *

This interface is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of keys maintained by this map + * @param the type of mapped values + */ +public interface ConcurrentMap extends Map { + /** + * If the specified key is not already associated + * with a value, associate it with the given value. + * This is equivalent to + * 

+     *   if (!map.containsKey(key))
+     *       return map.put(key, value);
+     *   else
+     *       return map.get(key);
+ * except that the action is performed atomically. + * + * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated + * @param value value to be associated with the specified key + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, or + * null if there was no mapping for the key. + * (A null return can also indicate that the map + * previously associated null with the key, + * if the implementation supports null values.) + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the put operation + * is not supported by this map + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified key or value + * prevents it from being stored in this map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null, + * and this map does not permit null keys or values + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified key + * or value prevents it from being stored in this map + * + */ + V putIfAbsent(K key, V value); + + /** + * Removes the entry for a key only if currently mapped to a given value. + * This is equivalent to + * 
+     *   if (map.containsKey(key) && map.get(key).equals(value)) {
+     *       map.remove(key);
+     *       return true;
+     *   } else return false;
+ * except that the action is performed atomically. + * + * @param key key with which the specified value is associated + * @param value value expected to be associated with the specified key + * @return true if the value was removed + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the remove operation + * is not supported by this map + * @throws ClassCastException if the key or value is of an inappropriate + * type for this map (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null, + * and this map does not permit null keys or values (optional) + */ + boolean remove(Object key, Object value); + + /** + * Replaces the entry for a key only if currently mapped to a given value. + * This is equivalent to + * 
+     *   if (map.containsKey(key) && map.get(key).equals(oldValue)) {
+     *       map.put(key, newValue);
+     *       return true;
+     *   } else return false;
+ * except that the action is performed atomically. + * + * @param key key with which the specified value is associated + * @param oldValue value expected to be associated with the specified key + * @param newValue value to be associated with the specified key + * @return true if the value was replaced + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the put operation + * is not supported by this map + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of a specified key or value + * prevents it from being stored in this map + * @throws NullPointerException if a specified key or value is null, + * and this map does not permit null keys or values + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of a specified key + * or value prevents it from being stored in this map + */ + boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue); + + /** + * Replaces the entry for a key only if currently mapped to some value. + * This is equivalent to + * 
+     *   if (map.containsKey(key)) {
+     *       return map.put(key, value);
+     *   } else return null;
+ * except that the action is performed atomically. + * + * @param key key with which the specified value is associated + * @param value value to be associated with the specified key + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, or + * null if there was no mapping for the key. + * (A null return can also indicate that the map + * previously associated null with the key, + * if the implementation supports null values.) + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the put operation + * is not supported by this map + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of the specified key or value + * prevents it from being stored in this map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null, + * and this map does not permit null keys or values + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if some property of the specified key + * or value prevents it from being stored in this map + */ + V replace(K key, V value); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentNavigableMap.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentNavigableMap.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7d86afb70 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentNavigableMap.java @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A {@link ConcurrentMap} supporting {@link NavigableMap} operations, + * and recursively so for its navigable sub-maps. + * + *

This interface is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of keys maintained by this map + * @param the type of mapped values + * @since 1.6 + */ +public interface ConcurrentNavigableMap + extends ConcurrentMap, NavigableMap +{ + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + ConcurrentNavigableMap subMap(K fromKey, boolean fromInclusive, + K toKey, boolean toInclusive); + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + ConcurrentNavigableMap headMap(K toKey, boolean inclusive); + + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + ConcurrentNavigableMap tailMap(K fromKey, boolean inclusive); + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + ConcurrentNavigableMap subMap(K fromKey, K toKey); + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + ConcurrentNavigableMap headMap(K toKey); + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + ConcurrentNavigableMap tailMap(K fromKey); + + /** + * Returns a reverse order view of the mappings contained in this map. + * The descending map is backed by this map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the descending map, and vice-versa. + * + *

The returned map has an ordering equivalent to + * {@link Collections#reverseOrder(Comparator) Collections.reverseOrder}(comparator()). + * The expression {@code m.descendingMap().descendingMap()} returns a + * view of {@code m} essentially equivalent to {@code m}. + * + * @return a reverse order view of this map + */ + ConcurrentNavigableMap descendingMap(); + + /** + * Returns a {@link NavigableSet} view of the keys contained in this map. + * The set's iterator returns the keys in ascending order. + * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the set, and vice-versa. The set supports element + * removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, + * via the {@code Iterator.remove}, {@code Set.remove}, + * {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll}, and {@code clear} + * operations. It does not support the {@code add} or {@code addAll} + * operations. + * + *

The view's {@code iterator} is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + * @return a navigable set view of the keys in this map + */ + public NavigableSet navigableKeySet(); + + /** + * Returns a {@link NavigableSet} view of the keys contained in this map. + * The set's iterator returns the keys in ascending order. + * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the set, and vice-versa. The set supports element + * removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, + * via the {@code Iterator.remove}, {@code Set.remove}, + * {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll}, and {@code clear} + * operations. It does not support the {@code add} or {@code addAll} + * operations. + * + *

The view's {@code iterator} is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + *

This method is equivalent to method {@code navigableKeySet}. + * + * @return a navigable set view of the keys in this map + */ + NavigableSet keySet(); + + /** + * Returns a reverse order {@link NavigableSet} view of the keys contained in this map. + * The set's iterator returns the keys in descending order. + * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the set, and vice-versa. The set supports element + * removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, + * via the {@code Iterator.remove}, {@code Set.remove}, + * {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll}, and {@code clear} + * operations. It does not support the {@code add} or {@code addAll} + * operations. + * + *

The view's {@code iterator} is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + * @return a reverse order navigable set view of the keys in this map + */ + public NavigableSet descendingKeySet(); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListMap.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListMap.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1ad924454 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListMap.java @@ -0,0 +1,3114 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; + +/** + * A scalable concurrent {@link ConcurrentNavigableMap} implementation. + * The map is sorted according to the {@linkplain Comparable natural + * ordering} of its keys, or by a {@link Comparator} provided at map + * creation time, depending on which constructor is used. + * + *

This class implements a concurrent variant of SkipLists providing + * expected average log(n) time cost for the + * containsKey, get, put and + * remove operations and their variants. Insertion, removal, + * update, and access operations safely execute concurrently by + * multiple threads. Iterators are weakly consistent, returning + * elements reflecting the state of the map at some point at or since + * the creation of the iterator. They do not throw {@link + * ConcurrentModificationException}, and may proceed concurrently with + * other operations. Ascending key ordered views and their iterators + * are faster than descending ones. + * + *

All Map.Entry pairs returned by methods in this class + * and its views represent snapshots of mappings at the time they were + * produced. They do not support the Entry.setValue + * method. (Note however that it is possible to change mappings in the + * associated map using put, putIfAbsent, or + * replace, depending on exactly which effect you need.) + * + *

Beware that, unlike in most collections, the size + * method is not a constant-time operation. Because of the + * asynchronous nature of these maps, determining the current number + * of elements requires a traversal of the elements. Additionally, + * the bulk operations putAll, equals, and + * clear are not guaranteed to be performed + * atomically. For example, an iterator operating concurrently with a + * putAll operation might view only some of the added + * elements. + * + *

This class and its views and iterators implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Map} and {@link Iterator} + * interfaces. Like most other concurrent collections, this class does + * not permit the use of null keys or values because some + * null return values cannot be reliably distinguished from the absence of + * elements. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of keys maintained by this map + * @param the type of mapped values + * @since 1.6 + */ +public class ConcurrentSkipListMap extends AbstractMap + implements ConcurrentNavigableMap, + Cloneable, + java.io.Serializable { + /* + * This class implements a tree-like two-dimensionally linked skip + * list in which the index levels are represented in separate + * nodes from the base nodes holding data. There are two reasons + * for taking this approach instead of the usual array-based + * structure: 1) Array based implementations seem to encounter + * more complexity and overhead 2) We can use cheaper algorithms + * for the heavily-traversed index lists than can be used for the + * base lists. Here's a picture of some of the basics for a + * possible list with 2 levels of index: + * + * Head nodes Index nodes + * +-+ right +-+ +-+ + * |2|---------------->| |--------------------->| |->null + * +-+ +-+ +-+ + * | down | | + * v v v + * +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ + * |1|----------->| |->| |------>| |----------->| |------>| |->null + * +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ + * v | | | | | + * Nodes next v v v v v + * +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ + * | |->|A|->|B|->|C|->|D|->|E|->|F|->|G|->|H|->|I|->|J|->|K|->null + * +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ +-+ + * + * The base lists use a variant of the HM linked ordered set + * algorithm. See Tim Harris, "A pragmatic implementation of + * non-blocking linked lists" + * http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~tlh20/publications.html and Maged + * Michael "High Performance Dynamic Lock-Free Hash Tables and + * List-Based Sets" + * http://www.research.ibm.com/people/m/michael/pubs.htm. The + * basic idea in these lists is to mark the "next" pointers of + * deleted nodes when deleting to avoid conflicts with concurrent + * insertions, and when traversing to keep track of triples + * (predecessor, node, successor) in order to detect when and how + * to unlink these deleted nodes. + * + * Rather than using mark-bits to mark list deletions (which can + * be slow and space-intensive using AtomicMarkedReference), nodes + * use direct CAS'able next pointers. On deletion, instead of + * marking a pointer, they splice in another node that can be + * thought of as standing for a marked pointer (indicating this by + * using otherwise impossible field values). Using plain nodes + * acts roughly like "boxed" implementations of marked pointers, + * but uses new nodes only when nodes are deleted, not for every + * link. This requires less space and supports faster + * traversal. Even if marked references were better supported by + * JVMs, traversal using this technique might still be faster + * because any search need only read ahead one more node than + * otherwise required (to check for trailing marker) rather than + * unmasking mark bits or whatever on each read. + * + * This approach maintains the essential property needed in the HM + * algorithm of changing the next-pointer of a deleted node so + * that any other CAS of it will fail, but implements the idea by + * changing the pointer to point to a different node, not by + * marking it. While it would be possible to further squeeze + * space by defining marker nodes not to have key/value fields, it + * isn't worth the extra type-testing overhead. The deletion + * markers are rarely encountered during traversal and are + * normally quickly garbage collected. (Note that this technique + * would not work well in systems without garbage collection.) + * + * In addition to using deletion markers, the lists also use + * nullness of value fields to indicate deletion, in a style + * similar to typical lazy-deletion schemes. If a node's value is + * null, then it is considered logically deleted and ignored even + * though it is still reachable. This maintains proper control of + * concurrent replace vs delete operations -- an attempted replace + * must fail if a delete beat it by nulling field, and a delete + * must return the last non-null value held in the field. (Note: + * Null, rather than some special marker, is used for value fields + * here because it just so happens to mesh with the Map API + * requirement that method get returns null if there is no + * mapping, which allows nodes to remain concurrently readable + * even when deleted. Using any other marker value here would be + * messy at best.) + * + * Here's the sequence of events for a deletion of node n with + * predecessor b and successor f, initially: + * + * +------+ +------+ +------+ + * ... | b |------>| n |----->| f | ... + * +------+ +------+ +------+ + * + * 1. CAS n's value field from non-null to null. + * From this point on, no public operations encountering + * the node consider this mapping to exist. However, other + * ongoing insertions and deletions might still modify + * n's next pointer. + * + * 2. CAS n's next pointer to point to a new marker node. + * From this point on, no other nodes can be appended to n. + * which avoids deletion errors in CAS-based linked lists. + * + * +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ + * ... | b |------>| n |----->|marker|------>| f | ... + * +------+ +------+ +------+ +------+ + * + * 3. CAS b's next pointer over both n and its marker. + * From this point on, no new traversals will encounter n, + * and it can eventually be GCed. + * +------+ +------+ + * ... | b |----------------------------------->| f | ... + * +------+ +------+ + * + * A failure at step 1 leads to simple retry due to a lost race + * with another operation. Steps 2-3 can fail because some other + * thread noticed during a traversal a node with null value and + * helped out by marking and/or unlinking. This helping-out + * ensures that no thread can become stuck waiting for progress of + * the deleting thread. The use of marker nodes slightly + * complicates helping-out code because traversals must track + * consistent reads of up to four nodes (b, n, marker, f), not + * just (b, n, f), although the next field of a marker is + * immutable, and once a next field is CAS'ed to point to a + * marker, it never again changes, so this requires less care. + * + * Skip lists add indexing to this scheme, so that the base-level + * traversals start close to the locations being found, inserted + * or deleted -- usually base level traversals only traverse a few + * nodes. This doesn't change the basic algorithm except for the + * need to make sure base traversals start at predecessors (here, + * b) that are not (structurally) deleted, otherwise retrying + * after processing the deletion. + * + * Index levels are maintained as lists with volatile next fields, + * using CAS to link and unlink. Races are allowed in index-list + * operations that can (rarely) fail to link in a new index node + * or delete one. (We can't do this of course for data nodes.) + * However, even when this happens, the index lists remain sorted, + * so correctly serve as indices. This can impact performance, + * but since skip lists are probabilistic anyway, the net result + * is that under contention, the effective "p" value may be lower + * than its nominal value. And race windows are kept small enough + * that in practice these failures are rare, even under a lot of + * contention. + * + * The fact that retries (for both base and index lists) are + * relatively cheap due to indexing allows some minor + * simplifications of retry logic. Traversal restarts are + * performed after most "helping-out" CASes. This isn't always + * strictly necessary, but the implicit backoffs tend to help + * reduce other downstream failed CAS's enough to outweigh restart + * cost. This worsens the worst case, but seems to improve even + * highly contended cases. + * + * Unlike most skip-list implementations, index insertion and + * deletion here require a separate traversal pass occuring after + * the base-level action, to add or remove index nodes. This adds + * to single-threaded overhead, but improves contended + * multithreaded performance by narrowing interference windows, + * and allows deletion to ensure that all index nodes will be made + * unreachable upon return from a public remove operation, thus + * avoiding unwanted garbage retention. This is more important + * here than in some other data structures because we cannot null + * out node fields referencing user keys since they might still be + * read by other ongoing traversals. + * + * Indexing uses skip list parameters that maintain good search + * performance while using sparser-than-usual indices: The + * hardwired parameters k=1, p=0.5 (see method randomLevel) mean + * that about one-quarter of the nodes have indices. Of those that + * do, half have one level, a quarter have two, and so on (see + * Pugh's Skip List Cookbook, sec 3.4). The expected total space + * requirement for a map is slightly less than for the current + * implementation of java.util.TreeMap. + * + * Changing the level of the index (i.e, the height of the + * tree-like structure) also uses CAS. The head index has initial + * level/height of one. Creation of an index with height greater + * than the current level adds a level to the head index by + * CAS'ing on a new top-most head. To maintain good performance + * after a lot of removals, deletion methods heuristically try to + * reduce the height if the topmost levels appear to be empty. + * This may encounter races in which it possible (but rare) to + * reduce and "lose" a level just as it is about to contain an + * index (that will then never be encountered). This does no + * structural harm, and in practice appears to be a better option + * than allowing unrestrained growth of levels. + * + * The code for all this is more verbose than you'd like. Most + * operations entail locating an element (or position to insert an + * element). The code to do this can't be nicely factored out + * because subsequent uses require a snapshot of predecessor + * and/or successor and/or value fields which can't be returned + * all at once, at least not without creating yet another object + * to hold them -- creating such little objects is an especially + * bad idea for basic internal search operations because it adds + * to GC overhead. (This is one of the few times I've wished Java + * had macros.) Instead, some traversal code is interleaved within + * insertion and removal operations. The control logic to handle + * all the retry conditions is sometimes twisty. Most search is + * broken into 2 parts. findPredecessor() searches index nodes + * only, returning a base-level predecessor of the key. findNode() + * finishes out the base-level search. Even with this factoring, + * there is a fair amount of near-duplication of code to handle + * variants. + * + * For explanation of algorithms sharing at least a couple of + * features with this one, see Mikhail Fomitchev's thesis + * (http://www.cs.yorku.ca/~mikhail/), Keir Fraser's thesis + * (http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/kaf24/), and Hakan Sundell's + * thesis (http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~phs/). + * + * Given the use of tree-like index nodes, you might wonder why + * this doesn't use some kind of search tree instead, which would + * support somewhat faster search operations. The reason is that + * there are no known efficient lock-free insertion and deletion + * algorithms for search trees. The immutability of the "down" + * links of index nodes (as opposed to mutable "left" fields in + * true trees) makes this tractable using only CAS operations. + * + * Notation guide for local variables + * Node: b, n, f for predecessor, node, successor + * Index: q, r, d for index node, right, down. + * t for another index node + * Head: h + * Levels: j + * Keys: k, key + * Values: v, value + * Comparisons: c + */ + + private static final long serialVersionUID = -8627078645895051609L; + + /** + * Generates the initial random seed for the cheaper per-instance + * random number generators used in randomLevel. + */ + private static final Random seedGenerator = new Random(); + + /** + * Special value used to identify base-level header + */ + private static final Object BASE_HEADER = new Object(); + + /** + * The topmost head index of the skiplist. + */ + private transient volatile HeadIndex head; + + /** + * The comparator used to maintain order in this map, or null + * if using natural ordering. + * @serial + */ + private final Comparator comparator; + + /** + * Seed for simple random number generator. Not volatile since it + * doesn't matter too much if different threads don't see updates. + */ + private transient int randomSeed; + + /** Lazily initialized key set */ + private transient KeySet keySet; + /** Lazily initialized entry set */ + private transient EntrySet entrySet; + /** Lazily initialized values collection */ + private transient Values values; + /** Lazily initialized descending key set */ + private transient ConcurrentNavigableMap descendingMap; + + /** + * Initializes or resets state. Needed by constructors, clone, + * clear, readObject. and ConcurrentSkipListSet.clone. + * (Note that comparator must be separately initialized.) + */ + final void initialize() { + keySet = null; + entrySet = null; + values = null; + descendingMap = null; + randomSeed = seedGenerator.nextInt() | 0x0100; // ensure nonzero + head = new HeadIndex(new Node(null, BASE_HEADER, null), + null, null, 1); + } + + /** Updater for casHead */ + private static final + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + headUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (ConcurrentSkipListMap.class, HeadIndex.class, "head"); + + /** + * compareAndSet head node + */ + private boolean casHead(HeadIndex cmp, HeadIndex val) { + return headUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + /* ---------------- Nodes -------------- */ + + /** + * Nodes hold keys and values, and are singly linked in sorted + * order, possibly with some intervening marker nodes. The list is + * headed by a dummy node accessible as head.node. The value field + * is declared only as Object because it takes special non-V + * values for marker and header nodes. + */ + static final class Node { + final K key; + volatile Object value; + volatile Node next; + + /** + * Creates a new regular node. + */ + Node(K key, Object value, Node next) { + this.key = key; + this.value = value; + this.next = next; + } + + /** + * Creates a new marker node. A marker is distinguished by + * having its value field point to itself. Marker nodes also + * have null keys, a fact that is exploited in a few places, + * but this doesn't distinguish markers from the base-level + * header node (head.node), which also has a null key. + */ + Node(Node next) { + this.key = null; + this.value = this; + this.next = next; + } + + /** Updater for casNext */ + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + nextUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (Node.class, Node.class, "next"); + + /** Updater for casValue */ + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + valueUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (Node.class, Object.class, "value"); + + /** + * compareAndSet value field + */ + boolean casValue(Object cmp, Object val) { + return valueUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + /** + * compareAndSet next field + */ + boolean casNext(Node cmp, Node val) { + return nextUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this node is a marker. This method isn't + * actually called in any current code checking for markers + * because callers will have already read value field and need + * to use that read (not another done here) and so directly + * test if value points to node. + * @param n a possibly null reference to a node + * @return true if this node is a marker node + */ + boolean isMarker() { + return value == this; + } + + /** + * Returns true if this node is the header of base-level list. + * @return true if this node is header node + */ + boolean isBaseHeader() { + return value == BASE_HEADER; + } + + /** + * Tries to append a deletion marker to this node. + * @param f the assumed current successor of this node + * @return true if successful + */ + boolean appendMarker(Node f) { + return casNext(f, new Node(f)); + } + + /** + * Helps out a deletion by appending marker or unlinking from + * predecessor. This is called during traversals when value + * field seen to be null. + * @param b predecessor + * @param f successor + */ + void helpDelete(Node b, Node f) { + /* + * Rechecking links and then doing only one of the + * help-out stages per call tends to minimize CAS + * interference among helping threads. + */ + if (f == next && this == b.next) { + if (f == null || f.value != f) // not already marked + appendMarker(f); + else + b.casNext(this, f.next); + } + } + + /** + * Returns value if this node contains a valid key-value pair, + * else null. + * @return this node's value if it isn't a marker or header or + * is deleted, else null. + */ + V getValidValue() { + Object v = value; + if (v == this || v == BASE_HEADER) + return null; + return (V)v; + } + + /** + * Creates and returns a new SimpleImmutableEntry holding current + * mapping if this node holds a valid value, else null. + * @return new entry or null + */ + AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry createSnapshot() { + V v = getValidValue(); + if (v == null) + return null; + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(key, v); + } + } + + /* ---------------- Indexing -------------- */ + + /** + * Index nodes represent the levels of the skip list. Note that + * even though both Nodes and Indexes have forward-pointing + * fields, they have different types and are handled in different + * ways, that can't nicely be captured by placing field in a + * shared abstract class. + */ + static class Index { + final Node node; + final Index down; + volatile Index right; + + /** + * Creates index node with given values. + */ + Index(Node node, Index down, Index right) { + this.node = node; + this.down = down; + this.right = right; + } + + /** Updater for casRight */ + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + rightUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (Index.class, Index.class, "right"); + + /** + * compareAndSet right field + */ + final boolean casRight(Index cmp, Index val) { + return rightUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val); + } + + /** + * Returns true if the node this indexes has been deleted. + * @return true if indexed node is known to be deleted + */ + final boolean indexesDeletedNode() { + return node.value == null; + } + + /** + * Tries to CAS newSucc as successor. To minimize races with + * unlink that may lose this index node, if the node being + * indexed is known to be deleted, it doesn't try to link in. + * @param succ the expected current successor + * @param newSucc the new successor + * @return true if successful + */ + final boolean link(Index succ, Index newSucc) { + Node n = node; + newSucc.right = succ; + return n.value != null && casRight(succ, newSucc); + } + + /** + * Tries to CAS right field to skip over apparent successor + * succ. Fails (forcing a retraversal by caller) if this node + * is known to be deleted. + * @param succ the expected current successor + * @return true if successful + */ + final boolean unlink(Index succ) { + return !indexesDeletedNode() && casRight(succ, succ.right); + } + } + + /* ---------------- Head nodes -------------- */ + + /** + * Nodes heading each level keep track of their level. + */ + static final class HeadIndex extends Index { + final int level; + HeadIndex(Node node, Index down, Index right, int level) { + super(node, down, right); + this.level = level; + } + } + + /* ---------------- Comparison utilities -------------- */ + + /** + * Represents a key with a comparator as a Comparable. + * + * Because most sorted collections seem to use natural ordering on + * Comparables (Strings, Integers, etc), most internal methods are + * geared to use them. This is generally faster than checking + * per-comparison whether to use comparator or comparable because + * it doesn't require a (Comparable) cast for each comparison. + * (Optimizers can only sometimes remove such redundant checks + * themselves.) When Comparators are used, + * ComparableUsingComparators are created so that they act in the + * same way as natural orderings. This penalizes use of + * Comparators vs Comparables, which seems like the right + * tradeoff. + */ + static final class ComparableUsingComparator implements Comparable { + final K actualKey; + final Comparator cmp; + ComparableUsingComparator(K key, Comparator cmp) { + this.actualKey = key; + this.cmp = cmp; + } + public int compareTo(K k2) { + return cmp.compare(actualKey, k2); + } + } + + /** + * If using comparator, return a ComparableUsingComparator, else + * cast key as Comparable, which may cause ClassCastException, + * which is propagated back to caller. + */ + private Comparable comparable(Object key) throws ClassCastException { + if (key == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (comparator != null) + return new ComparableUsingComparator((K)key, comparator); + else + return (Comparable)key; + } + + /** + * Compares using comparator or natural ordering. Used when the + * ComparableUsingComparator approach doesn't apply. + */ + int compare(K k1, K k2) throws ClassCastException { + Comparator cmp = comparator; + if (cmp != null) + return cmp.compare(k1, k2); + else + return ((Comparable)k1).compareTo(k2); + } + + /** + * Returns true if given key greater than or equal to least and + * strictly less than fence, bypassing either test if least or + * fence are null. Needed mainly in submap operations. + */ + boolean inHalfOpenRange(K key, K least, K fence) { + if (key == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return ((least == null || compare(key, least) >= 0) && + (fence == null || compare(key, fence) < 0)); + } + + /** + * Returns true if given key greater than or equal to least and less + * or equal to fence. Needed mainly in submap operations. + */ + boolean inOpenRange(K key, K least, K fence) { + if (key == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return ((least == null || compare(key, least) >= 0) && + (fence == null || compare(key, fence) <= 0)); + } + + /* ---------------- Traversal -------------- */ + + /** + * Returns a base-level node with key strictly less than given key, + * or the base-level header if there is no such node. Also + * unlinks indexes to deleted nodes found along the way. Callers + * rely on this side-effect of clearing indices to deleted nodes. + * @param key the key + * @return a predecessor of key + */ + private Node findPredecessor(Comparable key) { + if (key == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); // don't postpone errors + for (;;) { + Index q = head; + Index r = q.right; + for (;;) { + if (r != null) { + Node n = r.node; + K k = n.key; + if (n.value == null) { + if (!q.unlink(r)) + break; // restart + r = q.right; // reread r + continue; + } + if (key.compareTo(k) > 0) { + q = r; + r = r.right; + continue; + } + } + Index d = q.down; + if (d != null) { + q = d; + r = d.right; + } else + return q.node; + } + } + } + + /** + * Returns node holding key or null if no such, clearing out any + * deleted nodes seen along the way. Repeatedly traverses at + * base-level looking for key starting at predecessor returned + * from findPredecessor, processing base-level deletions as + * encountered. Some callers rely on this side-effect of clearing + * deleted nodes. + * + * Restarts occur, at traversal step centered on node n, if: + * + * (1) After reading n's next field, n is no longer assumed + * predecessor b's current successor, which means that + * we don't have a consistent 3-node snapshot and so cannot + * unlink any subsequent deleted nodes encountered. + * + * (2) n's value field is null, indicating n is deleted, in + * which case we help out an ongoing structural deletion + * before retrying. Even though there are cases where such + * unlinking doesn't require restart, they aren't sorted out + * here because doing so would not usually outweigh cost of + * restarting. + * + * (3) n is a marker or n's predecessor's value field is null, + * indicating (among other possibilities) that + * findPredecessor returned a deleted node. We can't unlink + * the node because we don't know its predecessor, so rely + * on another call to findPredecessor to notice and return + * some earlier predecessor, which it will do. This check is + * only strictly needed at beginning of loop, (and the + * b.value check isn't strictly needed at all) but is done + * each iteration to help avoid contention with other + * threads by callers that will fail to be able to change + * links, and so will retry anyway. + * + * The traversal loops in doPut, doRemove, and findNear all + * include the same three kinds of checks. And specialized + * versions appear in findFirst, and findLast and their + * variants. They can't easily share code because each uses the + * reads of fields held in locals occurring in the orders they + * were performed. + * + * @param key the key + * @return node holding key, or null if no such + */ + private Node findNode(Comparable key) { + for (;;) { + Node b = findPredecessor(key); + Node n = b.next; + for (;;) { + if (n == null) + return null; + Node f = n.next; + if (n != b.next) // inconsistent read + break; + Object v = n.value; + if (v == null) { // n is deleted + n.helpDelete(b, f); + break; + } + if (v == n || b.value == null) // b is deleted + break; + int c = key.compareTo(n.key); + if (c == 0) + return n; + if (c < 0) + return null; + b = n; + n = f; + } + } + } + + /** + * Specialized variant of findNode to perform Map.get. Does a weak + * traversal, not bothering to fix any deleted index nodes, + * returning early if it happens to see key in index, and passing + * over any deleted base nodes, falling back to getUsingFindNode + * only if it would otherwise return value from an ongoing + * deletion. Also uses "bound" to eliminate need for some + * comparisons (see Pugh Cookbook). Also folds uses of null checks + * and node-skipping because markers have null keys. + * @param okey the key + * @return the value, or null if absent + */ + private V doGet(Object okey) { + Comparable key = comparable(okey); + Node bound = null; + Index q = head; + Index r = q.right; + Node n; + K k; + int c; + for (;;) { + Index d; + // Traverse rights + if (r != null && (n = r.node) != bound && (k = n.key) != null) { + if ((c = key.compareTo(k)) > 0) { + q = r; + r = r.right; + continue; + } else if (c == 0) { + Object v = n.value; + return (v != null)? (V)v : getUsingFindNode(key); + } else + bound = n; + } + + // Traverse down + if ((d = q.down) != null) { + q = d; + r = d.right; + } else + break; + } + + // Traverse nexts + for (n = q.node.next; n != null; n = n.next) { + if ((k = n.key) != null) { + if ((c = key.compareTo(k)) == 0) { + Object v = n.value; + return (v != null)? (V)v : getUsingFindNode(key); + } else if (c < 0) + break; + } + } + return null; + } + + /** + * Performs map.get via findNode. Used as a backup if doGet + * encounters an in-progress deletion. + * @param key the key + * @return the value, or null if absent + */ + private V getUsingFindNode(Comparable key) { + /* + * Loop needed here and elsewhere in case value field goes + * null just as it is about to be returned, in which case we + * lost a race with a deletion, so must retry. + */ + for (;;) { + Node n = findNode(key); + if (n == null) + return null; + Object v = n.value; + if (v != null) + return (V)v; + } + } + + /* ---------------- Insertion -------------- */ + + /** + * Main insertion method. Adds element if not present, or + * replaces value if present and onlyIfAbsent is false. + * @param kkey the key + * @param value the value that must be associated with key + * @param onlyIfAbsent if should not insert if already present + * @return the old value, or null if newly inserted + */ + private V doPut(K kkey, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) { + Comparable key = comparable(kkey); + for (;;) { + Node b = findPredecessor(key); + Node n = b.next; + for (;;) { + if (n != null) { + Node f = n.next; + if (n != b.next) // inconsistent read + break; + Object v = n.value; + if (v == null) { // n is deleted + n.helpDelete(b, f); + break; + } + if (v == n || b.value == null) // b is deleted + break; + int c = key.compareTo(n.key); + if (c > 0) { + b = n; + n = f; + continue; + } + if (c == 0) { + if (onlyIfAbsent || n.casValue(v, value)) + return (V)v; + else + break; // restart if lost race to replace value + } + // else c < 0; fall through + } + + Node z = new Node(kkey, value, n); + if (!b.casNext(n, z)) + break; // restart if lost race to append to b + int level = randomLevel(); + if (level > 0) + insertIndex(z, level); + return null; + } + } + } + + /** + * Returns a random level for inserting a new node. + * Hardwired to k=1, p=0.5, max 31 (see above and + * Pugh's "Skip List Cookbook", sec 3.4). + * + * This uses the simplest of the generators described in George + * Marsaglia's "Xorshift RNGs" paper. This is not a high-quality + * generator but is acceptable here. + */ + private int randomLevel() { + int x = randomSeed; + x ^= x << 13; + x ^= x >>> 17; + randomSeed = x ^= x << 5; + if ((x & 0x8001) != 0) // test highest and lowest bits + return 0; + int level = 1; + while (((x >>>= 1) & 1) != 0) ++level; + return level; + } + + /** + * Creates and adds index nodes for the given node. + * @param z the node + * @param level the level of the index + */ + private void insertIndex(Node z, int level) { + HeadIndex h = head; + int max = h.level; + + if (level <= max) { + Index idx = null; + for (int i = 1; i <= level; ++i) + idx = new Index(z, idx, null); + addIndex(idx, h, level); + + } else { // Add a new level + /* + * To reduce interference by other threads checking for + * empty levels in tryReduceLevel, new levels are added + * with initialized right pointers. Which in turn requires + * keeping levels in an array to access them while + * creating new head index nodes from the opposite + * direction. + */ + level = max + 1; + Index[] idxs = (Index[])new Index[level+1]; + Index idx = null; + for (int i = 1; i <= level; ++i) + idxs[i] = idx = new Index(z, idx, null); + + HeadIndex oldh; + int k; + for (;;) { + oldh = head; + int oldLevel = oldh.level; + if (level <= oldLevel) { // lost race to add level + k = level; + break; + } + HeadIndex newh = oldh; + Node oldbase = oldh.node; + for (int j = oldLevel+1; j <= level; ++j) + newh = new HeadIndex(oldbase, newh, idxs[j], j); + if (casHead(oldh, newh)) { + k = oldLevel; + break; + } + } + addIndex(idxs[k], oldh, k); + } + } + + /** + * Adds given index nodes from given level down to 1. + * @param idx the topmost index node being inserted + * @param h the value of head to use to insert. This must be + * snapshotted by callers to provide correct insertion level + * @param indexLevel the level of the index + */ + private void addIndex(Index idx, HeadIndex h, int indexLevel) { + // Track next level to insert in case of retries + int insertionLevel = indexLevel; + Comparable key = comparable(idx.node.key); + if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + + // Similar to findPredecessor, but adding index nodes along + // path to key. + for (;;) { + int j = h.level; + Index q = h; + Index r = q.right; + Index t = idx; + for (;;) { + if (r != null) { + Node n = r.node; + // compare before deletion check avoids needing recheck + int c = key.compareTo(n.key); + if (n.value == null) { + if (!q.unlink(r)) + break; + r = q.right; + continue; + } + if (c > 0) { + q = r; + r = r.right; + continue; + } + } + + if (j == insertionLevel) { + // Don't insert index if node already deleted + if (t.indexesDeletedNode()) { + findNode(key); // cleans up + return; + } + if (!q.link(r, t)) + break; // restart + if (--insertionLevel == 0) { + // need final deletion check before return + if (t.indexesDeletedNode()) + findNode(key); + return; + } + } + + if (--j >= insertionLevel && j < indexLevel) + t = t.down; + q = q.down; + r = q.right; + } + } + } + + /* ---------------- Deletion -------------- */ + + /** + * Main deletion method. Locates node, nulls value, appends a + * deletion marker, unlinks predecessor, removes associated index + * nodes, and possibly reduces head index level. + * + * Index nodes are cleared out simply by calling findPredecessor. + * which unlinks indexes to deleted nodes found along path to key, + * which will include the indexes to this node. This is done + * unconditionally. We can't check beforehand whether there are + * index nodes because it might be the case that some or all + * indexes hadn't been inserted yet for this node during initial + * search for it, and we'd like to ensure lack of garbage + * retention, so must call to be sure. + * + * @param okey the key + * @param value if non-null, the value that must be + * associated with key + * @return the node, or null if not found + */ + final V doRemove(Object okey, Object value) { + Comparable key = comparable(okey); + for (;;) { + Node b = findPredecessor(key); + Node n = b.next; + for (;;) { + if (n == null) + return null; + Node f = n.next; + if (n != b.next) // inconsistent read + break; + Object v = n.value; + if (v == null) { // n is deleted + n.helpDelete(b, f); + break; + } + if (v == n || b.value == null) // b is deleted + break; + int c = key.compareTo(n.key); + if (c < 0) + return null; + if (c > 0) { + b = n; + n = f; + continue; + } + if (value != null && !value.equals(v)) + return null; + if (!n.casValue(v, null)) + break; + if (!n.appendMarker(f) || !b.casNext(n, f)) + findNode(key); // Retry via findNode + else { + findPredecessor(key); // Clean index + if (head.right == null) + tryReduceLevel(); + } + return (V)v; + } + } + } + + /** + * Possibly reduce head level if it has no nodes. This method can + * (rarely) make mistakes, in which case levels can disappear even + * though they are about to contain index nodes. This impacts + * performance, not correctness. To minimize mistakes as well as + * to reduce hysteresis, the level is reduced by one only if the + * topmost three levels look empty. Also, if the removed level + * looks non-empty after CAS, we try to change it back quick + * before anyone notices our mistake! (This trick works pretty + * well because this method will practically never make mistakes + * unless current thread stalls immediately before first CAS, in + * which case it is very unlikely to stall again immediately + * afterwards, so will recover.) + * + * We put up with all this rather than just let levels grow + * because otherwise, even a small map that has undergone a large + * number of insertions and removals will have a lot of levels, + * slowing down access more than would an occasional unwanted + * reduction. + */ + private void tryReduceLevel() { + HeadIndex h = head; + HeadIndex d; + HeadIndex e; + if (h.level > 3 && + (d = (HeadIndex)h.down) != null && + (e = (HeadIndex)d.down) != null && + e.right == null && + d.right == null && + h.right == null && + casHead(h, d) && // try to set + h.right != null) // recheck + casHead(d, h); // try to backout + } + + /* ---------------- Finding and removing first element -------------- */ + + /** + * Specialized variant of findNode to get first valid node. + * @return first node or null if empty + */ + Node findFirst() { + for (;;) { + Node b = head.node; + Node n = b.next; + if (n == null) + return null; + if (n.value != null) + return n; + n.helpDelete(b, n.next); + } + } + + /** + * Removes first entry; returns its snapshot. + * @return null if empty, else snapshot of first entry + */ + Map.Entry doRemoveFirstEntry() { + for (;;) { + Node b = head.node; + Node n = b.next; + if (n == null) + return null; + Node f = n.next; + if (n != b.next) + continue; + Object v = n.value; + if (v == null) { + n.helpDelete(b, f); + continue; + } + if (!n.casValue(v, null)) + continue; + if (!n.appendMarker(f) || !b.casNext(n, f)) + findFirst(); // retry + clearIndexToFirst(); + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(n.key, (V)v); + } + } + + /** + * Clears out index nodes associated with deleted first entry. + */ + private void clearIndexToFirst() { + for (;;) { + Index q = head; + for (;;) { + Index r = q.right; + if (r != null && r.indexesDeletedNode() && !q.unlink(r)) + break; + if ((q = q.down) == null) { + if (head.right == null) + tryReduceLevel(); + return; + } + } + } + } + + + /* ---------------- Finding and removing last element -------------- */ + + /** + * Specialized version of find to get last valid node. + * @return last node or null if empty + */ + Node findLast() { + /* + * findPredecessor can't be used to traverse index level + * because this doesn't use comparisons. So traversals of + * both levels are folded together. + */ + Index q = head; + for (;;) { + Index d, r; + if ((r = q.right) != null) { + if (r.indexesDeletedNode()) { + q.unlink(r); + q = head; // restart + } + else + q = r; + } else if ((d = q.down) != null) { + q = d; + } else { + Node b = q.node; + Node n = b.next; + for (;;) { + if (n == null) + return (b.isBaseHeader())? null : b; + Node f = n.next; // inconsistent read + if (n != b.next) + break; + Object v = n.value; + if (v == null) { // n is deleted + n.helpDelete(b, f); + break; + } + if (v == n || b.value == null) // b is deleted + break; + b = n; + n = f; + } + q = head; // restart + } + } + } + + /** + * Specialized variant of findPredecessor to get predecessor of last + * valid node. Needed when removing the last entry. It is possible + * that all successors of returned node will have been deleted upon + * return, in which case this method can be retried. + * @return likely predecessor of last node + */ + private Node findPredecessorOfLast() { + for (;;) { + Index q = head; + for (;;) { + Index d, r; + if ((r = q.right) != null) { + if (r.indexesDeletedNode()) { + q.unlink(r); + break; // must restart + } + // proceed as far across as possible without overshooting + if (r.node.next != null) { + q = r; + continue; + } + } + if ((d = q.down) != null) + q = d; + else + return q.node; + } + } + } + + /** + * Removes last entry; returns its snapshot. + * Specialized variant of doRemove. + * @return null if empty, else snapshot of last entry + */ + Map.Entry doRemoveLastEntry() { + for (;;) { + Node b = findPredecessorOfLast(); + Node n = b.next; + if (n == null) { + if (b.isBaseHeader()) // empty + return null; + else + continue; // all b's successors are deleted; retry + } + for (;;) { + Node f = n.next; + if (n != b.next) // inconsistent read + break; + Object v = n.value; + if (v == null) { // n is deleted + n.helpDelete(b, f); + break; + } + if (v == n || b.value == null) // b is deleted + break; + if (f != null) { + b = n; + n = f; + continue; + } + if (!n.casValue(v, null)) + break; + K key = n.key; + Comparable ck = comparable(key); + if (!n.appendMarker(f) || !b.casNext(n, f)) + findNode(ck); // Retry via findNode + else { + findPredecessor(ck); // Clean index + if (head.right == null) + tryReduceLevel(); + } + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(key, (V)v); + } + } + } + + /* ---------------- Relational operations -------------- */ + + // Control values OR'ed as arguments to findNear + + private static final int EQ = 1; + private static final int LT = 2; + private static final int GT = 0; // Actually checked as !LT + + /** + * Utility for ceiling, floor, lower, higher methods. + * @param kkey the key + * @param rel the relation -- OR'ed combination of EQ, LT, GT + * @return nearest node fitting relation, or null if no such + */ + Node findNear(K kkey, int rel) { + Comparable key = comparable(kkey); + for (;;) { + Node b = findPredecessor(key); + Node n = b.next; + for (;;) { + if (n == null) + return ((rel & LT) == 0 || b.isBaseHeader())? null : b; + Node f = n.next; + if (n != b.next) // inconsistent read + break; + Object v = n.value; + if (v == null) { // n is deleted + n.helpDelete(b, f); + break; + } + if (v == n || b.value == null) // b is deleted + break; + int c = key.compareTo(n.key); + if ((c == 0 && (rel & EQ) != 0) || + (c < 0 && (rel & LT) == 0)) + return n; + if ( c <= 0 && (rel & LT) != 0) + return (b.isBaseHeader())? null : b; + b = n; + n = f; + } + } + } + + /** + * Returns SimpleImmutableEntry for results of findNear. + * @param key the key + * @param rel the relation -- OR'ed combination of EQ, LT, GT + * @return Entry fitting relation, or null if no such + */ + AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry getNear(K key, int rel) { + for (;;) { + Node n = findNear(key, rel); + if (n == null) + return null; + AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry e = n.createSnapshot(); + if (e != null) + return e; + } + } + + + /* ---------------- Constructors -------------- */ + + /** + * Constructs a new, empty map, sorted according to the + * {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering} of the keys. + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListMap() { + this.comparator = null; + initialize(); + } + + /** + * Constructs a new, empty map, sorted according to the specified + * comparator. + * + * @param comparator the comparator that will be used to order this map. + * If null, the {@linkplain Comparable natural + * ordering} of the keys will be used. + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListMap(Comparator comparator) { + this.comparator = comparator; + initialize(); + } + + /** + * Constructs a new map containing the same mappings as the given map, + * sorted according to the {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering} of + * the keys. + * + * @param m the map whose mappings are to be placed in this map + * @throws ClassCastException if the keys in m are not + * {@link Comparable}, or are not mutually comparable + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified map or any of its keys + * or values are null + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListMap(Map m) { + this.comparator = null; + initialize(); + putAll(m); + } + + /** + * Constructs a new map containing the same mappings and using the + * same ordering as the specified sorted map. + * + * @param m the sorted map whose mappings are to be placed in this + * map, and whose comparator is to be used to sort this map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified sorted map or any of + * its keys or values are null + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListMap(SortedMap m) { + this.comparator = m.comparator(); + initialize(); + buildFromSorted(m); + } + + /** + * Returns a shallow copy of this ConcurrentSkipListMap + * instance. (The keys and values themselves are not cloned.) + * + * @return a shallow copy of this map + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListMap clone() { + ConcurrentSkipListMap clone = null; + try { + clone = (ConcurrentSkipListMap) super.clone(); + } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { + throw new InternalError(); + } + + clone.initialize(); + clone.buildFromSorted(this); + return clone; + } + + /** + * Streamlined bulk insertion to initialize from elements of + * given sorted map. Call only from constructor or clone + * method. + */ + private void buildFromSorted(SortedMap map) { + if (map == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + + HeadIndex h = head; + Node basepred = h.node; + + // Track the current rightmost node at each level. Uses an + // ArrayList to avoid committing to initial or maximum level. + ArrayList> preds = new ArrayList>(); + + // initialize + for (int i = 0; i <= h.level; ++i) + preds.add(null); + Index q = h; + for (int i = h.level; i > 0; --i) { + preds.set(i, q); + q = q.down; + } + + Iterator> it = + map.entrySet().iterator(); + while (it.hasNext()) { + Map.Entry e = it.next(); + int j = randomLevel(); + if (j > h.level) j = h.level + 1; + K k = e.getKey(); + V v = e.getValue(); + if (k == null || v == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + Node z = new Node(k, v, null); + basepred.next = z; + basepred = z; + if (j > 0) { + Index idx = null; + for (int i = 1; i <= j; ++i) { + idx = new Index(z, idx, null); + if (i > h.level) + h = new HeadIndex(h.node, h, idx, i); + + if (i < preds.size()) { + preds.get(i).right = idx; + preds.set(i, idx); + } else + preds.add(idx); + } + } + } + head = h; + } + + /* ---------------- Serialization -------------- */ + + /** + * Save the state of this map to a stream. + * + * @serialData The key (Object) and value (Object) for each + * key-value mapping represented by the map, followed by + * null. The key-value mappings are emitted in key-order + * (as determined by the Comparator, or by the keys' natural + * ordering if no Comparator). + */ + private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException { + // Write out the Comparator and any hidden stuff + s.defaultWriteObject(); + + // Write out keys and values (alternating) + for (Node n = findFirst(); n != null; n = n.next) { + V v = n.getValidValue(); + if (v != null) { + s.writeObject(n.key); + s.writeObject(v); + } + } + s.writeObject(null); + } + + /** + * Reconstitute the map from a stream. + */ + private void readObject(final java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + // Read in the Comparator and any hidden stuff + s.defaultReadObject(); + // Reset transients + initialize(); + + /* + * This is nearly identical to buildFromSorted, but is + * distinct because readObject calls can't be nicely adapted + * as the kind of iterator needed by buildFromSorted. (They + * can be, but doing so requires type cheats and/or creation + * of adaptor classes.) It is simpler to just adapt the code. + */ + + HeadIndex h = head; + Node basepred = h.node; + ArrayList> preds = new ArrayList>(); + for (int i = 0; i <= h.level; ++i) + preds.add(null); + Index q = h; + for (int i = h.level; i > 0; --i) { + preds.set(i, q); + q = q.down; + } + + for (;;) { + Object k = s.readObject(); + if (k == null) + break; + Object v = s.readObject(); + if (v == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + K key = (K) k; + V val = (V) v; + int j = randomLevel(); + if (j > h.level) j = h.level + 1; + Node z = new Node(key, val, null); + basepred.next = z; + basepred = z; + if (j > 0) { + Index idx = null; + for (int i = 1; i <= j; ++i) { + idx = new Index(z, idx, null); + if (i > h.level) + h = new HeadIndex(h.node, h, idx, i); + + if (i < preds.size()) { + preds.get(i).right = idx; + preds.set(i, idx); + } else + preds.add(idx); + } + } + } + head = h; + } + + /* ------ Map API methods ------ */ + + /** + * Returns true if this map contains a mapping for the specified + * key. + * + * @param key key whose presence in this map is to be tested + * @return true if this map contains a mapping for the specified key + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public boolean containsKey(Object key) { + return doGet(key) != null; + } + + /** + * Returns the value to which the specified key is mapped, + * or {@code null} if this map contains no mapping for the key. + * + *

More formally, if this map contains a mapping from a key + * {@code k} to a value {@code v} such that {@code key} compares + * equal to {@code k} according to the map's ordering, then this + * method returns {@code v}; otherwise it returns {@code null}. + * (There can be at most one such mapping.) + * + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public V get(Object key) { + return doGet(key); + } + + /** + * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map. + * If the map previously contained a mapping for the key, the old + * value is replaced. + * + * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated + * @param value value to be associated with the specified key + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, or + * null if there was no mapping for the key + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null + */ + public V put(K key, V value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return doPut(key, value, false); + } + + /** + * Removes the mapping for the specified key from this map if present. + * + * @param key key for which mapping should be removed + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, or + * null if there was no mapping for the key + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public V remove(Object key) { + return doRemove(key, null); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this map maps one or more keys to the + * specified value. This operation requires time linear in the + * map size. + * + * @param value value whose presence in this map is to be tested + * @return true if a mapping to value exists; + * false otherwise + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified value is null + */ + public boolean containsValue(Object value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + for (Node n = findFirst(); n != null; n = n.next) { + V v = n.getValidValue(); + if (v != null && value.equals(v)) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + /** + * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map. If this map + * contains more than Integer.MAX_VALUE elements, it + * returns Integer.MAX_VALUE. + * + *

Beware that, unlike in most collections, this method is + * NOT a constant-time operation. Because of the + * asynchronous nature of these maps, determining the current + * number of elements requires traversing them all to count them. + * Additionally, it is possible for the size to change during + * execution of this method, in which case the returned result + * will be inaccurate. Thus, this method is typically not very + * useful in concurrent applications. + * + * @return the number of elements in this map + */ + public int size() { + long count = 0; + for (Node n = findFirst(); n != null; n = n.next) { + if (n.getValidValue() != null) + ++count; + } + return (count >= Integer.MAX_VALUE)? Integer.MAX_VALUE : (int)count; + } + + /** + * Returns true if this map contains no key-value mappings. + * @return true if this map contains no key-value mappings + */ + public boolean isEmpty() { + return findFirst() == null; + } + + /** + * Removes all of the mappings from this map. + */ + public void clear() { + initialize(); + } + + /* ---------------- View methods -------------- */ + + /* + * Note: Lazy initialization works for views because view classes + * are stateless/immutable so it doesn't matter wrt correctness if + * more than one is created (which will only rarely happen). Even + * so, the following idiom conservatively ensures that the method + * returns the one it created if it does so, not one created by + * another racing thread. + */ + + /** + * Returns a {@link NavigableSet} view of the keys contained in this map. + * The set's iterator returns the keys in ascending order. + * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the set, and vice-versa. The set supports element + * removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, + * via the {@code Iterator.remove}, {@code Set.remove}, + * {@code removeAll}, {@code retainAll}, and {@code clear} + * operations. It does not support the {@code add} or {@code addAll} + * operations. + * + *

The view's {@code iterator} is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + *

This method is equivalent to method {@code navigableKeySet}. + * + * @return a navigable set view of the keys in this map + */ + public NavigableSet keySet() { + KeySet ks = keySet; + return (ks != null) ? ks : (keySet = new KeySet(this)); + } + + public NavigableSet navigableKeySet() { + KeySet ks = keySet; + return (ks != null) ? ks : (keySet = new KeySet(this)); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Collection} view of the values contained in this map. + * The collection's iterator returns the values in ascending order + * of the corresponding keys. + * The collection is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the collection, and vice-versa. The collection + * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding + * mapping from the map, via the Iterator.remove, + * Collection.remove, removeAll, + * retainAll and clear operations. It does not + * support the add or addAll operations. + * + *

The view's iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + */ + public Collection values() { + Values vs = values; + return (vs != null) ? vs : (values = new Values(this)); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map. + * The set's iterator returns the entries in ascending key order. + * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are + * reflected in the set, and vice-versa. The set supports element + * removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, + * via the Iterator.remove, Set.remove, + * removeAll, retainAll and clear + * operations. It does not support the add or + * addAll operations. + * + *

The view's iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator + * that will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + *

The Map.Entry elements returned by + * iterator.next() do not support the + * setValue operation. + * + * @return a set view of the mappings contained in this map, + * sorted in ascending key order + */ + public Set> entrySet() { + EntrySet es = entrySet; + return (es != null) ? es : (entrySet = new EntrySet(this)); + } + + public ConcurrentNavigableMap descendingMap() { + ConcurrentNavigableMap dm = descendingMap; + return (dm != null) ? dm : (descendingMap = new SubMap + (this, null, false, null, false, true)); + } + + public NavigableSet descendingKeySet() { + return descendingMap().navigableKeySet(); + } + + /* ---------------- AbstractMap Overrides -------------- */ + + /** + * Compares the specified object with this map for equality. + * Returns true if the given object is also a map and the + * two maps represent the same mappings. More formally, two maps + * m1 and m2 represent the same mappings if + * m1.entrySet().equals(m2.entrySet()). This + * operation may return misleading results if either map is + * concurrently modified during execution of this method. + * + * @param o object to be compared for equality with this map + * @return true if the specified object is equal to this map + */ + public boolean equals(Object o) { + if (o == this) + return true; + if (!(o instanceof Map)) + return false; + Map m = (Map) o; + try { + for (Map.Entry e : this.entrySet()) + if (! e.getValue().equals(m.get(e.getKey()))) + return false; + for (Map.Entry e : m.entrySet()) { + Object k = e.getKey(); + Object v = e.getValue(); + if (k == null || v == null || !v.equals(get(k))) + return false; + } + return true; + } catch (ClassCastException unused) { + return false; + } catch (NullPointerException unused) { + return false; + } + } + + /* ------ ConcurrentMap API methods ------ */ + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, + * or null if there was no mapping for the key + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null + */ + public V putIfAbsent(K key, V value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return doPut(key, value, true); + } + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public boolean remove(Object key, Object value) { + if (key == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (value == null) + return false; + return doRemove(key, value) != null; + } + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if any of the arguments are null + */ + public boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue) { + if (oldValue == null || newValue == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + Comparable k = comparable(key); + for (;;) { + Node n = findNode(k); + if (n == null) + return false; + Object v = n.value; + if (v != null) { + if (!oldValue.equals(v)) + return false; + if (n.casValue(v, newValue)) + return true; + } + } + } + + /** + * {@inheritDoc} + * + * @return the previous value associated with the specified key, + * or null if there was no mapping for the key + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified key cannot be compared + * with the keys currently in the map + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key or value is null + */ + public V replace(K key, V value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + Comparable k = comparable(key); + for (;;) { + Node n = findNode(k); + if (n == null) + return null; + Object v = n.value; + if (v != null && n.casValue(v, value)) + return (V)v; + } + } + + /* ------ SortedMap API methods ------ */ + + public Comparator comparator() { + return comparator; + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public K firstKey() { + Node n = findFirst(); + if (n == null) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + return n.key; + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public K lastKey() { + Node n = findLast(); + if (n == null) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + return n.key; + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromKey} or {@code toKey} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public ConcurrentNavigableMap subMap(K fromKey, + boolean fromInclusive, + K toKey, + boolean toInclusive) { + if (fromKey == null || toKey == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new SubMap + (this, fromKey, fromInclusive, toKey, toInclusive, false); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code toKey} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public ConcurrentNavigableMap headMap(K toKey, + boolean inclusive) { + if (toKey == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new SubMap + (this, null, false, toKey, inclusive, false); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromKey} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public ConcurrentNavigableMap tailMap(K fromKey, + boolean inclusive) { + if (fromKey == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new SubMap + (this, fromKey, inclusive, null, false, false); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromKey} or {@code toKey} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public ConcurrentNavigableMap subMap(K fromKey, K toKey) { + return subMap(fromKey, true, toKey, false); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code toKey} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public ConcurrentNavigableMap headMap(K toKey) { + return headMap(toKey, false); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromKey} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public ConcurrentNavigableMap tailMap(K fromKey) { + return tailMap(fromKey, true); + } + + /* ---------------- Relational operations -------------- */ + + /** + * Returns a key-value mapping associated with the greatest key + * strictly less than the given key, or null if there is + * no such key. The returned entry does not support the + * Entry.setValue method. + * + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public Map.Entry lowerEntry(K key) { + return getNear(key, LT); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public K lowerKey(K key) { + Node n = findNear(key, LT); + return (n == null)? null : n.key; + } + + /** + * Returns a key-value mapping associated with the greatest key + * less than or equal to the given key, or null if there + * is no such key. The returned entry does not support + * the Entry.setValue method. + * + * @param key the key + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public Map.Entry floorEntry(K key) { + return getNear(key, LT|EQ); + } + + /** + * @param key the key + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public K floorKey(K key) { + Node n = findNear(key, LT|EQ); + return (n == null)? null : n.key; + } + + /** + * Returns a key-value mapping associated with the least key + * greater than or equal to the given key, or null if + * there is no such entry. The returned entry does not + * support the Entry.setValue method. + * + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public Map.Entry ceilingEntry(K key) { + return getNear(key, GT|EQ); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public K ceilingKey(K key) { + Node n = findNear(key, GT|EQ); + return (n == null)? null : n.key; + } + + /** + * Returns a key-value mapping associated with the least key + * strictly greater than the given key, or null if there + * is no such key. The returned entry does not support + * the Entry.setValue method. + * + * @param key the key + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public Map.Entry higherEntry(K key) { + return getNear(key, GT); + } + + /** + * @param key the key + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified key is null + */ + public K higherKey(K key) { + Node n = findNear(key, GT); + return (n == null)? null : n.key; + } + + /** + * Returns a key-value mapping associated with the least + * key in this map, or null if the map is empty. + * The returned entry does not support + * the Entry.setValue method. + */ + public Map.Entry firstEntry() { + for (;;) { + Node n = findFirst(); + if (n == null) + return null; + AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry e = n.createSnapshot(); + if (e != null) + return e; + } + } + + /** + * Returns a key-value mapping associated with the greatest + * key in this map, or null if the map is empty. + * The returned entry does not support + * the Entry.setValue method. + */ + public Map.Entry lastEntry() { + for (;;) { + Node n = findLast(); + if (n == null) + return null; + AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry e = n.createSnapshot(); + if (e != null) + return e; + } + } + + /** + * Removes and returns a key-value mapping associated with + * the least key in this map, or null if the map is empty. + * The returned entry does not support + * the Entry.setValue method. + */ + public Map.Entry pollFirstEntry() { + return doRemoveFirstEntry(); + } + + /** + * Removes and returns a key-value mapping associated with + * the greatest key in this map, or null if the map is empty. + * The returned entry does not support + * the Entry.setValue method. + */ + public Map.Entry pollLastEntry() { + return doRemoveLastEntry(); + } + + + /* ---------------- Iterators -------------- */ + + /** + * Base of iterator classes: + */ + abstract class Iter implements Iterator { + /** the last node returned by next() */ + Node lastReturned; + /** the next node to return from next(); */ + Node next; + /** Cache of next value field to maintain weak consistency */ + V nextValue; + + /** Initializes ascending iterator for entire range. */ + Iter() { + for (;;) { + next = findFirst(); + if (next == null) + break; + Object x = next.value; + if (x != null && x != next) { + nextValue = (V) x; + break; + } + } + } + + public final boolean hasNext() { + return next != null; + } + + /** Advances next to higher entry. */ + final void advance() { + if ((lastReturned = next) == null) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + for (;;) { + next = next.next; + if (next == null) + break; + Object x = next.value; + if (x != null && x != next) { + nextValue = (V) x; + break; + } + } + } + + public void remove() { + Node l = lastReturned; + if (l == null) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + // It would not be worth all of the overhead to directly + // unlink from here. Using remove is fast enough. + ConcurrentSkipListMap.this.remove(l.key); + lastReturned = null; + } + + } + + final class ValueIterator extends Iter { + public V next() { + V v = nextValue; + advance(); + return v; + } + } + + final class KeyIterator extends Iter { + public K next() { + Node n = next; + advance(); + return n.key; + } + } + + final class EntryIterator extends Iter> { + public Map.Entry next() { + Node n = next; + V v = nextValue; + advance(); + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(n.key, v); + } + } + + // Factory methods for iterators needed by ConcurrentSkipListSet etc + + Iterator keyIterator() { + return new KeyIterator(); + } + + Iterator valueIterator() { + return new ValueIterator(); + } + + Iterator> entryIterator() { + return new EntryIterator(); + } + + /* ---------------- View Classes -------------- */ + + /* + * View classes are static, delegating to a ConcurrentNavigableMap + * to allow use by SubMaps, which outweighs the ugliness of + * needing type-tests for Iterator methods. + */ + + static final List toList(Collection c) { + // Using size() here would be a pessimization. + List list = new ArrayList(); + for (E e : c) + list.add(e); + return list; + } + + static final class KeySet extends AbstractSet implements NavigableSet { + private final ConcurrentNavigableMap m; + KeySet(ConcurrentNavigableMap map) { m = map; } + public int size() { return m.size(); } + public boolean isEmpty() { return m.isEmpty(); } + public boolean contains(Object o) { return m.containsKey(o); } + public boolean remove(Object o) { return m.remove(o) != null; } + public void clear() { m.clear(); } + public E lower(E e) { return m.lowerKey(e); } + public E floor(E e) { return m.floorKey(e); } + public E ceiling(E e) { return m.ceilingKey(e); } + public E higher(E e) { return m.higherKey(e); } + public Comparator comparator() { return m.comparator(); } + public E first() { return m.firstKey(); } + public E last() { return m.lastKey(); } + public E pollFirst() { + Map.Entry e = m.pollFirstEntry(); + return e == null? null : e.getKey(); + } + public E pollLast() { + Map.Entry e = m.pollLastEntry(); + return e == null? null : e.getKey(); + } + public Iterator iterator() { + if (m instanceof ConcurrentSkipListMap) + return ((ConcurrentSkipListMap)m).keyIterator(); + else + return ((ConcurrentSkipListMap.SubMap)m).keyIterator(); + } + public boolean equals(Object o) { + if (o == this) + return true; + if (!(o instanceof Set)) + return false; + Collection c = (Collection) o; + try { + return containsAll(c) && c.containsAll(this); + } catch (ClassCastException unused) { + return false; + } catch (NullPointerException unused) { + return false; + } + } + public Object[] toArray() { return toList(this).toArray(); } + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { return toList(this).toArray(a); } + public Iterator descendingIterator() { + return descendingSet().iterator(); + } + public NavigableSet subSet(E fromElement, + boolean fromInclusive, + E toElement, + boolean toInclusive) { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet + (m.subMap(fromElement, fromInclusive, + toElement, toInclusive)); + } + public NavigableSet headSet(E toElement, boolean inclusive) { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet(m.headMap(toElement, inclusive)); + } + public NavigableSet tailSet(E fromElement, boolean inclusive) { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet(m.tailMap(fromElement, inclusive)); + } + public NavigableSet subSet(E fromElement, E toElement) { + return subSet(fromElement, true, toElement, false); + } + public NavigableSet headSet(E toElement) { + return headSet(toElement, false); + } + public NavigableSet tailSet(E fromElement) { + return tailSet(fromElement, true); + } + public NavigableSet descendingSet() { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet(m.descendingMap()); + } + } + + static final class Values extends AbstractCollection { + private final ConcurrentNavigableMap m; + Values(ConcurrentNavigableMap map) { + m = map; + } + public Iterator iterator() { + if (m instanceof ConcurrentSkipListMap) + return ((ConcurrentSkipListMap)m).valueIterator(); + else + return ((SubMap)m).valueIterator(); + } + public boolean isEmpty() { + return m.isEmpty(); + } + public int size() { + return m.size(); + } + public boolean contains(Object o) { + return m.containsValue(o); + } + public void clear() { + m.clear(); + } + public Object[] toArray() { return toList(this).toArray(); } + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { return toList(this).toArray(a); } + } + + static final class EntrySet extends AbstractSet> { + private final ConcurrentNavigableMap m; + EntrySet(ConcurrentNavigableMap map) { + m = map; + } + + public Iterator> iterator() { + if (m instanceof ConcurrentSkipListMap) + return ((ConcurrentSkipListMap)m).entryIterator(); + else + return ((SubMap)m).entryIterator(); + } + + public boolean contains(Object o) { + if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry)) + return false; + Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry)o; + V1 v = m.get(e.getKey()); + return v != null && v.equals(e.getValue()); + } + public boolean remove(Object o) { + if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry)) + return false; + Map.Entry e = (Map.Entry)o; + return m.remove(e.getKey(), + e.getValue()); + } + public boolean isEmpty() { + return m.isEmpty(); + } + public int size() { + return m.size(); + } + public void clear() { + m.clear(); + } + public boolean equals(Object o) { + if (o == this) + return true; + if (!(o instanceof Set)) + return false; + Collection c = (Collection) o; + try { + return containsAll(c) && c.containsAll(this); + } catch (ClassCastException unused) { + return false; + } catch (NullPointerException unused) { + return false; + } + } + public Object[] toArray() { return toList(this).toArray(); } + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { return toList(this).toArray(a); } + } + + /** + * Submaps returned by {@link ConcurrentSkipListMap} submap operations + * represent a subrange of mappings of their underlying + * maps. Instances of this class support all methods of their + * underlying maps, differing in that mappings outside their range are + * ignored, and attempts to add mappings outside their ranges result + * in {@link IllegalArgumentException}. Instances of this class are + * constructed only using the subMap, headMap, and + * tailMap methods of their underlying maps. + * + * @serial include + */ + static final class SubMap extends AbstractMap + implements ConcurrentNavigableMap, Cloneable, + java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -7647078645895051609L; + + /** Underlying map */ + private final ConcurrentSkipListMap m; + /** lower bound key, or null if from start */ + private final K lo; + /** upper bound key, or null if to end */ + private final K hi; + /** inclusion flag for lo */ + private final boolean loInclusive; + /** inclusion flag for hi */ + private final boolean hiInclusive; + /** direction */ + private final boolean isDescending; + + // Lazily initialized view holders + private transient KeySet keySetView; + private transient Set> entrySetView; + private transient Collection valuesView; + + /** + * Creates a new submap, initializing all fields + */ + SubMap(ConcurrentSkipListMap map, + K fromKey, boolean fromInclusive, + K toKey, boolean toInclusive, + boolean isDescending) { + if (fromKey != null && toKey != null && + map.compare(fromKey, toKey) > 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("inconsistent range"); + this.m = map; + this.lo = fromKey; + this.hi = toKey; + this.loInclusive = fromInclusive; + this.hiInclusive = toInclusive; + this.isDescending = isDescending; + } + + /* ---------------- Utilities -------------- */ + + private boolean tooLow(K key) { + if (lo != null) { + int c = m.compare(key, lo); + if (c < 0 || (c == 0 && !loInclusive)) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + private boolean tooHigh(K key) { + if (hi != null) { + int c = m.compare(key, hi); + if (c > 0 || (c == 0 && !hiInclusive)) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + private boolean inBounds(K key) { + return !tooLow(key) && !tooHigh(key); + } + + private void checkKeyBounds(K key) throws IllegalArgumentException { + if (key == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (!inBounds(key)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("key out of range"); + } + + /** + * Returns true if node key is less than upper bound of range + */ + private boolean isBeforeEnd(ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n) { + if (n == null) + return false; + if (hi == null) + return true; + K k = n.key; + if (k == null) // pass by markers and headers + return true; + int c = m.compare(k, hi); + if (c > 0 || (c == 0 && !hiInclusive)) + return false; + return true; + } + + /** + * Returns lowest node. This node might not be in range, so + * most usages need to check bounds + */ + private ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node loNode() { + if (lo == null) + return m.findFirst(); + else if (loInclusive) + return m.findNear(lo, m.GT|m.EQ); + else + return m.findNear(lo, m.GT); + } + + /** + * Returns highest node. This node might not be in range, so + * most usages need to check bounds + */ + private ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node hiNode() { + if (hi == null) + return m.findLast(); + else if (hiInclusive) + return m.findNear(hi, m.LT|m.EQ); + else + return m.findNear(hi, m.LT); + } + + /** + * Returns lowest absolute key (ignoring directonality) + */ + private K lowestKey() { + ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = loNode(); + if (isBeforeEnd(n)) + return n.key; + else + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + } + + /** + * Returns highest absolute key (ignoring directonality) + */ + private K highestKey() { + ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = hiNode(); + if (n != null) { + K last = n.key; + if (inBounds(last)) + return last; + } + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + } + + private Map.Entry lowestEntry() { + for (;;) { + ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = loNode(); + if (!isBeforeEnd(n)) + return null; + Map.Entry e = n.createSnapshot(); + if (e != null) + return e; + } + } + + private Map.Entry highestEntry() { + for (;;) { + ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = hiNode(); + if (n == null || !inBounds(n.key)) + return null; + Map.Entry e = n.createSnapshot(); + if (e != null) + return e; + } + } + + private Map.Entry removeLowest() { + for (;;) { + Node n = loNode(); + if (n == null) + return null; + K k = n.key; + if (!inBounds(k)) + return null; + V v = m.doRemove(k, null); + if (v != null) + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(k, v); + } + } + + private Map.Entry removeHighest() { + for (;;) { + Node n = hiNode(); + if (n == null) + return null; + K k = n.key; + if (!inBounds(k)) + return null; + V v = m.doRemove(k, null); + if (v != null) + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(k, v); + } + } + + /** + * Submap version of ConcurrentSkipListMap.getNearEntry + */ + private Map.Entry getNearEntry(K key, int rel) { + if (isDescending) { // adjust relation for direction + if ((rel & m.LT) == 0) + rel |= m.LT; + else + rel &= ~m.LT; + } + if (tooLow(key)) + return ((rel & m.LT) != 0)? null : lowestEntry(); + if (tooHigh(key)) + return ((rel & m.LT) != 0)? highestEntry() : null; + for (;;) { + Node n = m.findNear(key, rel); + if (n == null || !inBounds(n.key)) + return null; + K k = n.key; + V v = n.getValidValue(); + if (v != null) + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(k, v); + } + } + + // Almost the same as getNearEntry, except for keys + private K getNearKey(K key, int rel) { + if (isDescending) { // adjust relation for direction + if ((rel & m.LT) == 0) + rel |= m.LT; + else + rel &= ~m.LT; + } + if (tooLow(key)) { + if ((rel & m.LT) == 0) { + ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = loNode(); + if (isBeforeEnd(n)) + return n.key; + } + return null; + } + if (tooHigh(key)) { + if ((rel & m.LT) != 0) { + ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = hiNode(); + if (n != null) { + K last = n.key; + if (inBounds(last)) + return last; + } + } + return null; + } + for (;;) { + Node n = m.findNear(key, rel); + if (n == null || !inBounds(n.key)) + return null; + K k = n.key; + V v = n.getValidValue(); + if (v != null) + return k; + } + } + + /* ---------------- Map API methods -------------- */ + + public boolean containsKey(Object key) { + if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + K k = (K)key; + return inBounds(k) && m.containsKey(k); + } + + public V get(Object key) { + if (key == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + K k = (K)key; + return ((!inBounds(k)) ? null : m.get(k)); + } + + public V put(K key, V value) { + checkKeyBounds(key); + return m.put(key, value); + } + + public V remove(Object key) { + K k = (K)key; + return (!inBounds(k))? null : m.remove(k); + } + + public int size() { + long count = 0; + for (ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = loNode(); + isBeforeEnd(n); + n = n.next) { + if (n.getValidValue() != null) + ++count; + } + return count >= Integer.MAX_VALUE? Integer.MAX_VALUE : (int)count; + } + + public boolean isEmpty() { + return !isBeforeEnd(loNode()); + } + + public boolean containsValue(Object value) { + if (value == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + for (ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = loNode(); + isBeforeEnd(n); + n = n.next) { + V v = n.getValidValue(); + if (v != null && value.equals(v)) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + public void clear() { + for (ConcurrentSkipListMap.Node n = loNode(); + isBeforeEnd(n); + n = n.next) { + if (n.getValidValue() != null) + m.remove(n.key); + } + } + + /* ---------------- ConcurrentMap API methods -------------- */ + + public V putIfAbsent(K key, V value) { + checkKeyBounds(key); + return m.putIfAbsent(key, value); + } + + public boolean remove(Object key, Object value) { + K k = (K)key; + return inBounds(k) && m.remove(k, value); + } + + public boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue) { + checkKeyBounds(key); + return m.replace(key, oldValue, newValue); + } + + public V replace(K key, V value) { + checkKeyBounds(key); + return m.replace(key, value); + } + + /* ---------------- SortedMap API methods -------------- */ + + public Comparator comparator() { + Comparator cmp = m.comparator(); + if (isDescending) + return Collections.reverseOrder(cmp); + else + return cmp; + } + + /** + * Utility to create submaps, where given bounds override + * unbounded(null) ones and/or are checked against bounded ones. + */ + private SubMap newSubMap(K fromKey, + boolean fromInclusive, + K toKey, + boolean toInclusive) { + if (isDescending) { // flip senses + K tk = fromKey; + fromKey = toKey; + toKey = tk; + boolean ti = fromInclusive; + fromInclusive = toInclusive; + toInclusive = ti; + } + if (lo != null) { + if (fromKey == null) { + fromKey = lo; + fromInclusive = loInclusive; + } + else { + int c = m.compare(fromKey, lo); + if (c < 0 || (c == 0 && !loInclusive && fromInclusive)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("key out of range"); + } + } + if (hi != null) { + if (toKey == null) { + toKey = hi; + toInclusive = hiInclusive; + } + else { + int c = m.compare(toKey, hi); + if (c > 0 || (c == 0 && !hiInclusive && toInclusive)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("key out of range"); + } + } + return new SubMap(m, fromKey, fromInclusive, + toKey, toInclusive, isDescending); + } + + public SubMap subMap(K fromKey, + boolean fromInclusive, + K toKey, + boolean toInclusive) { + if (fromKey == null || toKey == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return newSubMap(fromKey, fromInclusive, toKey, toInclusive); + } + + public SubMap headMap(K toKey, + boolean inclusive) { + if (toKey == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return newSubMap(null, false, toKey, inclusive); + } + + public SubMap tailMap(K fromKey, + boolean inclusive) { + if (fromKey == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return newSubMap(fromKey, inclusive, null, false); + } + + public SubMap subMap(K fromKey, K toKey) { + return subMap(fromKey, true, toKey, false); + } + + public SubMap headMap(K toKey) { + return headMap(toKey, false); + } + + public SubMap tailMap(K fromKey) { + return tailMap(fromKey, true); + } + + public SubMap descendingMap() { + return new SubMap(m, lo, loInclusive, + hi, hiInclusive, !isDescending); + } + + /* ---------------- Relational methods -------------- */ + + public Map.Entry ceilingEntry(K key) { + return getNearEntry(key, (m.GT|m.EQ)); + } + + public K ceilingKey(K key) { + return getNearKey(key, (m.GT|m.EQ)); + } + + public Map.Entry lowerEntry(K key) { + return getNearEntry(key, (m.LT)); + } + + public K lowerKey(K key) { + return getNearKey(key, (m.LT)); + } + + public Map.Entry floorEntry(K key) { + return getNearEntry(key, (m.LT|m.EQ)); + } + + public K floorKey(K key) { + return getNearKey(key, (m.LT|m.EQ)); + } + + public Map.Entry higherEntry(K key) { + return getNearEntry(key, (m.GT)); + } + + public K higherKey(K key) { + return getNearKey(key, (m.GT)); + } + + public K firstKey() { + return isDescending? highestKey() : lowestKey(); + } + + public K lastKey() { + return isDescending? lowestKey() : highestKey(); + } + + public Map.Entry firstEntry() { + return isDescending? highestEntry() : lowestEntry(); + } + + public Map.Entry lastEntry() { + return isDescending? lowestEntry() : highestEntry(); + } + + public Map.Entry pollFirstEntry() { + return isDescending? removeHighest() : removeLowest(); + } + + public Map.Entry pollLastEntry() { + return isDescending? removeLowest() : removeHighest(); + } + + /* ---------------- Submap Views -------------- */ + + public NavigableSet keySet() { + KeySet ks = keySetView; + return (ks != null) ? ks : (keySetView = new KeySet(this)); + } + + public NavigableSet navigableKeySet() { + KeySet ks = keySetView; + return (ks != null) ? ks : (keySetView = new KeySet(this)); + } + + public Collection values() { + Collection vs = valuesView; + return (vs != null) ? vs : (valuesView = new Values(this)); + } + + public Set> entrySet() { + Set> es = entrySetView; + return (es != null) ? es : (entrySetView = new EntrySet(this)); + } + + public NavigableSet descendingKeySet() { + return descendingMap().navigableKeySet(); + } + + Iterator keyIterator() { + return new SubMapKeyIterator(); + } + + Iterator valueIterator() { + return new SubMapValueIterator(); + } + + Iterator> entryIterator() { + return new SubMapEntryIterator(); + } + + /** + * Variant of main Iter class to traverse through submaps. + */ + abstract class SubMapIter implements Iterator { + /** the last node returned by next() */ + Node lastReturned; + /** the next node to return from next(); */ + Node next; + /** Cache of next value field to maintain weak consistency */ + V nextValue; + + SubMapIter() { + for (;;) { + next = isDescending ? hiNode() : loNode(); + if (next == null) + break; + Object x = next.value; + if (x != null && x != next) { + if (! inBounds(next.key)) + next = null; + else + nextValue = (V) x; + break; + } + } + } + + public final boolean hasNext() { + return next != null; + } + + final void advance() { + if ((lastReturned = next) == null) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + if (isDescending) + descend(); + else + ascend(); + } + + private void ascend() { + for (;;) { + next = next.next; + if (next == null) + break; + Object x = next.value; + if (x != null && x != next) { + if (tooHigh(next.key)) + next = null; + else + nextValue = (V) x; + break; + } + } + } + + private void descend() { + for (;;) { + next = m.findNear(lastReturned.key, LT); + if (next == null) + break; + Object x = next.value; + if (x != null && x != next) { + if (tooLow(next.key)) + next = null; + else + nextValue = (V) x; + break; + } + } + } + + public void remove() { + Node l = lastReturned; + if (l == null) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + m.remove(l.key); + lastReturned = null; + } + + } + + final class SubMapValueIterator extends SubMapIter { + public V next() { + V v = nextValue; + advance(); + return v; + } + } + + final class SubMapKeyIterator extends SubMapIter { + public K next() { + Node n = next; + advance(); + return n.key; + } + } + + final class SubMapEntryIterator extends SubMapIter> { + public Map.Entry next() { + Node n = next; + V v = nextValue; + advance(); + return new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry(n.key, v); + } + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListSet.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListSet.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7fd1c7608 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ConcurrentSkipListSet.java @@ -0,0 +1,456 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + +/** + * A scalable concurrent {@link NavigableSet} implementation based on + * a {@link ConcurrentSkipListMap}. The elements of the set are kept + * sorted according to their {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering}, + * or by a {@link Comparator} provided at set creation time, depending + * on which constructor is used. + * + *

This implementation provides expected average log(n) time + * cost for the contains, add, and remove + * operations and their variants. Insertion, removal, and access + * operations safely execute concurrently by multiple threads. + * Iterators are weakly consistent, returning elements + * reflecting the state of the set at some point at or since the + * creation of the iterator. They do not throw {@link + * ConcurrentModificationException}, and may proceed concurrently with + * other operations. Ascending ordered views and their iterators are + * faster than descending ones. + * + *

Beware that, unlike in most collections, the size + * method is not a constant-time operation. Because of the + * asynchronous nature of these sets, determining the current number + * of elements requires a traversal of the elements. Additionally, the + * bulk operations addAll, removeAll, + * retainAll, and containsAll are not + * guaranteed to be performed atomically. For example, an iterator + * operating concurrently with an addAll operation might view + * only some of the added elements. + * + *

This class and its iterators implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Set} and {@link Iterator} + * interfaces. Like most other concurrent collection implementations, + * this class does not permit the use of null elements, + * because null arguments and return values cannot be reliably + * distinguished from the absence of elements. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements maintained by this set + * @since 1.6 + */ +public class ConcurrentSkipListSet + extends AbstractSet + implements NavigableSet, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable { + + private static final long serialVersionUID = -2479143111061671589L; + + /** + * The underlying map. Uses Boolean.TRUE as value for each + * element. This field is declared final for the sake of thread + * safety, which entails some ugliness in clone() + */ + private final ConcurrentNavigableMap m; + + /** + * Constructs a new, empty set that orders its elements according to + * their {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering}. + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListSet() { + m = new ConcurrentSkipListMap(); + } + + /** + * Constructs a new, empty set that orders its elements according to + * the specified comparator. + * + * @param comparator the comparator that will be used to order this set. + * If null, the {@linkplain Comparable natural + * ordering} of the elements will be used. + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListSet(Comparator comparator) { + m = new ConcurrentSkipListMap(comparator); + } + + /** + * Constructs a new set containing the elements in the specified + * collection, that orders its elements according to their + * {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering}. + * + * @param c The elements that will comprise the new set + * @throws ClassCastException if the elements in c are + * not {@link Comparable}, or are not mutually comparable + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListSet(Collection c) { + m = new ConcurrentSkipListMap(); + addAll(c); + } + + /** + * Constructs a new set containing the same elements and using the + * same ordering as the specified sorted set. + * + * @param s sorted set whose elements will comprise the new set + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified sorted set or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListSet(SortedSet s) { + m = new ConcurrentSkipListMap(s.comparator()); + addAll(s); + } + + /** + * For use by submaps + */ + ConcurrentSkipListSet(ConcurrentNavigableMap m) { + this.m = m; + } + + /** + * Returns a shallow copy of this ConcurrentSkipListSet + * instance. (The elements themselves are not cloned.) + * + * @return a shallow copy of this set + */ + public ConcurrentSkipListSet clone() { + ConcurrentSkipListSet clone = null; + try { + clone = (ConcurrentSkipListSet) super.clone(); + clone.setMap(new ConcurrentSkipListMap(m)); + } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { + throw new InternalError(); + } + + return clone; + } + + /* ---------------- Set operations -------------- */ + + /** + * Returns the number of elements in this set. If this set + * contains more than Integer.MAX_VALUE elements, it + * returns Integer.MAX_VALUE. + * + *

Beware that, unlike in most collections, this method is + * NOT a constant-time operation. Because of the + * asynchronous nature of these sets, determining the current + * number of elements requires traversing them all to count them. + * Additionally, it is possible for the size to change during + * execution of this method, in which case the returned result + * will be inaccurate. Thus, this method is typically not very + * useful in concurrent applications. + * + * @return the number of elements in this set + */ + public int size() { + return m.size(); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this set contains no elements. + * @return true if this set contains no elements + */ + public boolean isEmpty() { + return m.isEmpty(); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this set contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns true if and only if this set + * contains an element e such that o.equals(e). + * + * @param o object to be checked for containment in this set + * @return true if this set contains the specified element + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be + * compared with the elements currently in this set + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean contains(Object o) { + return m.containsKey(o); + } + + /** + * Adds the specified element to this set if it is not already present. + * More formally, adds the specified element e to this set if + * the set contains no element e2 such that e.equals(e2). + * If this set already contains the element, the call leaves the set + * unchanged and returns false. + * + * @param e element to be added to this set + * @return true if this set did not already contain the + * specified element + * @throws ClassCastException if e cannot be compared + * with the elements currently in this set + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean add(E e) { + return m.putIfAbsent(e, Boolean.TRUE) == null; + } + + /** + * Removes the specified element from this set if it is present. + * More formally, removes an element e such that + * o.equals(e), if this set contains such an element. + * Returns true if this set contained the element (or + * equivalently, if this set changed as a result of the call). + * (This set will not contain the element once the call returns.) + * + * @param o object to be removed from this set, if present + * @return true if this set contained the specified element + * @throws ClassCastException if o cannot be compared + * with the elements currently in this set + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + return m.remove(o, Boolean.TRUE); + } + + /** + * Removes all of the elements from this set. + */ + public void clear() { + m.clear(); + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this set in ascending order. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this set in ascending order + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return m.navigableKeySet().iterator(); + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this set in descending order. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this set in descending order + */ + public Iterator descendingIterator() { + return m.descendingKeySet().iterator(); + } + + + /* ---------------- AbstractSet Overrides -------------- */ + + /** + * Compares the specified object with this set for equality. Returns + * true if the specified object is also a set, the two sets + * have the same size, and every member of the specified set is + * contained in this set (or equivalently, every member of this set is + * contained in the specified set). This definition ensures that the + * equals method works properly across different implementations of the + * set interface. + * + * @param o the object to be compared for equality with this set + * @return true if the specified object is equal to this set + */ + public boolean equals(Object o) { + // Override AbstractSet version to avoid calling size() + if (o == this) + return true; + if (!(o instanceof Set)) + return false; + Collection c = (Collection) o; + try { + return containsAll(c) && c.containsAll(this); + } catch (ClassCastException unused) { + return false; + } catch (NullPointerException unused) { + return false; + } + } + + /** + * Removes from this set all of its elements that are contained in + * the specified collection. If the specified collection is also + * a set, this operation effectively modifies this set so that its + * value is the asymmetric set difference of the two sets. + * + * @param c collection containing elements to be removed from this set + * @return true if this set changed as a result of the call + * @throws ClassCastException if the types of one or more elements in this + * set are incompatible with the specified collection + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public boolean removeAll(Collection c) { + // Override AbstractSet version to avoid unnecessary call to size() + boolean modified = false; + for (Iterator i = c.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) + if (remove(i.next())) + modified = true; + return modified; + } + + /* ---------------- Relational operations -------------- */ + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public E lower(E e) { + return m.lowerKey(e); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public E floor(E e) { + return m.floorKey(e); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public E ceiling(E e) { + return m.ceilingKey(e); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public E higher(E e) { + return m.higherKey(e); + } + + public E pollFirst() { + Map.Entry e = m.pollFirstEntry(); + return e == null? null : e.getKey(); + } + + public E pollLast() { + Map.Entry e = m.pollLastEntry(); + return e == null? null : e.getKey(); + } + + + /* ---------------- SortedSet operations -------------- */ + + + public Comparator comparator() { + return m.comparator(); + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E first() { + return m.firstKey(); + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E last() { + return m.lastKey(); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} or + * {@code toElement} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public NavigableSet subSet(E fromElement, + boolean fromInclusive, + E toElement, + boolean toInclusive) { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet + (m.subMap(fromElement, fromInclusive, + toElement, toInclusive)); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code toElement} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public NavigableSet headSet(E toElement, boolean inclusive) { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet(m.headMap(toElement, inclusive)); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public NavigableSet tailSet(E fromElement, boolean inclusive) { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet(m.tailMap(fromElement, inclusive)); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} or + * {@code toElement} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public NavigableSet subSet(E fromElement, E toElement) { + return subSet(fromElement, true, toElement, false); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code toElement} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public NavigableSet headSet(E toElement) { + return headSet(toElement, false); + } + + /** + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fromElement} is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public NavigableSet tailSet(E fromElement) { + return tailSet(fromElement, true); + } + + /** + * Returns a reverse order view of the elements contained in this set. + * The descending set is backed by this set, so changes to the set are + * reflected in the descending set, and vice-versa. + * + *

The returned set has an ordering equivalent to + * {@link Collections#reverseOrder(Comparator) Collections.reverseOrder}(comparator()). + * The expression {@code s.descendingSet().descendingSet()} returns a + * view of {@code s} essentially equivalent to {@code s}. + * + * @return a reverse order view of this set + */ + public NavigableSet descendingSet() { + return new ConcurrentSkipListSet(m.descendingMap()); + } + + // Support for resetting map in clone + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long mapOffset; + static { + try { + mapOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (ConcurrentSkipListSet.class.getDeclaredField("m")); + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + private void setMap(ConcurrentNavigableMap map) { + unsafe.putObjectVolatile(this, mapOffset, map); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CopyOnWriteArraySet.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CopyOnWriteArraySet.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..063636bd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CopyOnWriteArraySet.java @@ -0,0 +1,364 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain. Use, modify, and + * redistribute this code in any way without acknowledgement. + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A {@link java.util.Set} that uses an internal {@link CopyOnWriteArrayList} + * for all of its operations. Thus, it shares the same basic properties: + *

    + *
  • It is best suited for applications in which set sizes generally + * stay small, read-only operations + * vastly outnumber mutative operations, and you need + * to prevent interference among threads during traversal. + *
  • It is thread-safe. + *
  • Mutative operations (add, set, remove, etc.) + * are expensive since they usually entail copying the entire underlying + * array. + *
  • Iterators do not support the mutative remove operation. + *
  • Traversal via iterators is fast and cannot encounter + * interference from other threads. Iterators rely on + * unchanging snapshots of the array at the time the iterators were + * constructed. + *
+ * + *

Sample Usage. The following code sketch uses a + * copy-on-write set to maintain a set of Handler objects that + * perform some action upon state updates. + * + * 

+ * class Handler { void handle(); ... }
+ *
+ * class X {
+ *    private final CopyOnWriteArraySet<Handler> handlers
+ *       = new CopyOnWriteArraySet<Handler>();
+ *    public void addHandler(Handler h) { handlers.add(h); }
+ *
+ *    private long internalState;
+ *    private synchronized void changeState() { internalState = ...; }
+ *
+ *    public void update() {
+ *       changeState();
+ *       for (Handler handler : handlers)
+ *          handler.handle();
+ *    }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @see CopyOnWriteArrayList + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ +public class CopyOnWriteArraySet extends AbstractSet + implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 5457747651344034263L; + + private final CopyOnWriteArrayList al; + + /** + * Creates an empty set. + */ + public CopyOnWriteArraySet() { + al = new CopyOnWriteArrayList(); + } + + /** + * Creates a set containing all of the elements of the specified + * collection. + * + * @param c the collection of elements to initially contain + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null + */ + public CopyOnWriteArraySet(Collection c) { + al = new CopyOnWriteArrayList(); + al.addAllAbsent(c); + } + + /** + * Returns the number of elements in this set. + * + * @return the number of elements in this set + */ + public int size() { + return al.size(); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this set contains no elements. + * + * @return true if this set contains no elements + */ + public boolean isEmpty() { + return al.isEmpty(); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this set contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns true if and only if this set + * contains an element e such that + * (o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e)). + * + * @param o element whose presence in this set is to be tested + * @return true if this set contains the specified element + */ + public boolean contains(Object o) { + return al.contains(o); + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this set. + * If this set makes any guarantees as to what order its elements + * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the + * elements in the same order. + * + *

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it + * are maintained by this set. (In other words, this method must + * allocate a new array even if this set is backed by an array). + * The caller is thus free to modify the returned array. + * + *

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based + * APIs. + * + * @return an array containing all the elements in this set + */ + public Object[] toArray() { + return al.toArray(); + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this set; the + * runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. + * If the set fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. + * Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the + * specified array and the size of this set. + * + *

If this set fits in the specified array with room to spare + * (i.e., the array has more elements than this set), the element in + * the array immediately following the end of the set is set to + * null. (This is useful in determining the length of this + * set only if the caller knows that this set does not contain + * any null elements.) + * + *

If this set makes any guarantees as to what order its elements + * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements + * in the same order. + * + *

Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between + * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows + * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, + * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs. + * + *

Suppose x is a set known to contain only strings. + * The following code can be used to dump the set into a newly allocated + * array of String: + * + * 

+     *     String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);
+ * + * Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to + * toArray(). + * + * @param a the array into which the elements of this set are to be + * stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the same + * runtime type is allocated for this purpose. + * @return an array containing all the elements in this set + * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array + * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in this + * set + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null + */ + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { + return al.toArray(a); + } + + /** + * Removes all of the elements from this set. + * The set will be empty after this call returns. + */ + public void clear() { + al.clear(); + } + + /** + * Removes the specified element from this set if it is present. + * More formally, removes an element e such that + * (o==null ? e==null : o.equals(e)), + * if this set contains such an element. Returns true if + * this set contained the element (or equivalently, if this set + * changed as a result of the call). (This set will not contain the + * element once the call returns.) + * + * @param o object to be removed from this set, if present + * @return true if this set contained the specified element + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + return al.remove(o); + } + + /** + * Adds the specified element to this set if it is not already present. + * More formally, adds the specified element e to this set if + * the set contains no element e2 such that + * (e==null ? e2==null : e.equals(e2)). + * If this set already contains the element, the call leaves the set + * unchanged and returns false. + * + * @param e element to be added to this set + * @return true if this set did not already contain the specified + * element + */ + public boolean add(E e) { + return al.addIfAbsent(e); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this set contains all of the elements of the + * specified collection. If the specified collection is also a set, this + * method returns true if it is a subset of this set. + * + * @param c collection to be checked for containment in this set + * @return true if this set contains all of the elements of the + * specified collection + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null + * @see #contains(Object) + */ + public boolean containsAll(Collection c) { + return al.containsAll(c); + } + + /** + * Adds all of the elements in the specified collection to this set if + * they're not already present. If the specified collection is also a + * set, the addAll operation effectively modifies this set so + * that its value is the union of the two sets. The behavior of + * this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified + * while the operation is in progress. + * + * @param c collection containing elements to be added to this set + * @return true if this set changed as a result of the call + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection is null + * @see #add(Object) + */ + public boolean addAll(Collection c) { + return al.addAllAbsent(c) > 0; + } + + /** + * Removes from this set all of its elements that are contained in the + * specified collection. If the specified collection is also a set, + * this operation effectively modifies this set so that its value is the + * asymmetric set difference of the two sets. + * + * @param c collection containing elements to be removed from this set + * @return true if this set changed as a result of the call + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of an element of this set + * is incompatible with the specified collection (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if this set contains a null element and the + * specified collection does not permit null elements (optional), + * or if the specified collection is null + * @see #remove(Object) + */ + public boolean removeAll(Collection c) { + return al.removeAll(c); + } + + /** + * Retains only the elements in this set that are contained in the + * specified collection. In other words, removes from this set all of + * its elements that are not contained in the specified collection. If + * the specified collection is also a set, this operation effectively + * modifies this set so that its value is the intersection of the + * two sets. + * + * @param c collection containing elements to be retained in this set + * @return true if this set changed as a result of the call + * @throws ClassCastException if the class of an element of this set + * is incompatible with the specified collection (optional) + * @throws NullPointerException if this set contains a null element and the + * specified collection does not permit null elements (optional), + * or if the specified collection is null + * @see #remove(Object) + */ + public boolean retainAll(Collection c) { + return al.retainAll(c); + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements contained in this set + * in the order in which these elements were added. + * + *

The returned iterator provides a snapshot of the state of the set + * when the iterator was constructed. No synchronization is needed while + * traversing the iterator. The iterator does NOT support the + * remove method. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this set + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return al.iterator(); + } + + /** + * Compares the specified object with this set for equality. + * Returns {@code true} if the specified object is the same object + * as this object, or if it is also a {@link Set} and the elements + * returned by an {@linkplain List#iterator() iterator} over the + * specified set are the same as the elements returned by an + * iterator over this set. More formally, the two iterators are + * considered to return the same elements if they return the same + * number of elements and for every element {@code e1} returned by + * the iterator over the specified set, there is an element + * {@code e2} returned by the iterator over this set such that + * {@code (e1==null ? e2==null : e1.equals(e2))}. + * + * @param o object to be compared for equality with this set + * @return {@code true} if the specified object is equal to this set + */ + public boolean equals(Object o) { + if (o == this) + return true; + if (!(o instanceof Set)) + return false; + Set set = (Set)(o); + Iterator it = set.iterator(); + + // Uses O(n^2) algorithm that is only appropriate + // for small sets, which CopyOnWriteArraySets should be. + + // Use a single snapshot of underlying array + Object[] elements = al.getArray(); + int len = elements.length; + // Mark matched elements to avoid re-checking + boolean[] matched = new boolean[len]; + int k = 0; + outer: while (it.hasNext()) { + if (++k > len) + return false; + Object x = it.next(); + for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) { + if (!matched[i] && eq(x, elements[i])) { + matched[i] = true; + continue outer; + } + } + return false; + } + return k == len; + } + + /** + * Test for equality, coping with nulls. + */ + private static boolean eq(Object o1, Object o2) { + return (o1 == null ? o2 == null : o1.equals(o2)); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CountDownLatch.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CountDownLatch.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..016c1a7a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CountDownLatch.java @@ -0,0 +1,290 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; + +/** + * A synchronization aid that allows one or more threads to wait until + * a set of operations being performed in other threads completes. + * + *

A {@code CountDownLatch} is initialized with a given count. + * The {@link #await await} methods block until the current count reaches + * zero due to invocations of the {@link #countDown} method, after which + * all waiting threads are released and any subsequent invocations of + * {@link #await await} return immediately. This is a one-shot phenomenon + * -- the count cannot be reset. If you need a version that resets the + * count, consider using a {@link CyclicBarrier}. + * + *

A {@code CountDownLatch} is a versatile synchronization tool + * and can be used for a number of purposes. A + * {@code CountDownLatch} initialized with a count of one serves as a + * simple on/off latch, or gate: all threads invoking {@link #await await} + * wait at the gate until it is opened by a thread invoking {@link + * #countDown}. A {@code CountDownLatch} initialized to N + * can be used to make one thread wait until N threads have + * completed some action, or some action has been completed N times. + * + *

A useful property of a {@code CountDownLatch} is that it + * doesn't require that threads calling {@code countDown} wait for + * the count to reach zero before proceeding, it simply prevents any + * thread from proceeding past an {@link #await await} until all + * threads could pass. + * + *

Sample usage: Here is a pair of classes in which a group + * of worker threads use two countdown latches: + *

    + *
  • The first is a start signal that prevents any worker from proceeding + * until the driver is ready for them to proceed; + *
  • The second is a completion signal that allows the driver to wait + * until all workers have completed. + *
+ * + * 
+ * class Driver { // ...
+ *   void main() throws InterruptedException {
+ *     CountDownLatch startSignal = new CountDownLatch(1);
+ *     CountDownLatch doneSignal = new CountDownLatch(N);
+ *
+ *     for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) // create and start threads
+ *       new Thread(new Worker(startSignal, doneSignal)).start();
+ *
+ *     doSomethingElse();            // don't let run yet
+ *     startSignal.countDown();      // let all threads proceed
+ *     doSomethingElse();
+ *     doneSignal.await();           // wait for all to finish
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * class Worker implements Runnable {
+ *   private final CountDownLatch startSignal;
+ *   private final CountDownLatch doneSignal;
+ *   Worker(CountDownLatch startSignal, CountDownLatch doneSignal) {
+ *      this.startSignal = startSignal;
+ *      this.doneSignal = doneSignal;
+ *   }
+ *   public void run() {
+ *      try {
+ *        startSignal.await();
+ *        doWork();
+ *        doneSignal.countDown();
+ *      } catch (InterruptedException ex) {} // return;
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   void doWork() { ... }
+ * }
+ *
+ *
+ * + *

Another typical usage would be to divide a problem into N parts, + * describe each part with a Runnable that executes that portion and + * counts down on the latch, and queue all the Runnables to an + * Executor. When all sub-parts are complete, the coordinating thread + * will be able to pass through await. (When threads must repeatedly + * count down in this way, instead use a {@link CyclicBarrier}.) + * + * 

+ * class Driver2 { // ...
+ *   void main() throws InterruptedException {
+ *     CountDownLatch doneSignal = new CountDownLatch(N);
+ *     Executor e = ...
+ *
+ *     for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) // create and start threads
+ *       e.execute(new WorkerRunnable(doneSignal, i));
+ *
+ *     doneSignal.await();           // wait for all to finish
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * class WorkerRunnable implements Runnable {
+ *   private final CountDownLatch doneSignal;
+ *   private final int i;
+ *   WorkerRunnable(CountDownLatch doneSignal, int i) {
+ *      this.doneSignal = doneSignal;
+ *      this.i = i;
+ *   }
+ *   public void run() {
+ *      try {
+ *        doWork(i);
+ *        doneSignal.countDown();
+ *      } catch (InterruptedException ex) {} // return;
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   void doWork() { ... }
+ * }
+ *
+ *
+ * + *

Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread prior to calling + * {@code countDown()} + * happen-before + * actions following a successful return from a corresponding + * {@code await()} in another thread. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class CountDownLatch { + /** + * Synchronization control For CountDownLatch. + * Uses AQS state to represent count. + */ + private static final class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 4982264981922014374L; + + Sync(int count) { + setState(count); + } + + int getCount() { + return getState(); + } + + public int tryAcquireShared(int acquires) { + return getState() == 0? 1 : -1; + } + + public boolean tryReleaseShared(int releases) { + // Decrement count; signal when transition to zero + for (;;) { + int c = getState(); + if (c == 0) + return false; + int nextc = c-1; + if (compareAndSetState(c, nextc)) + return nextc == 0; + } + } + } + + private final Sync sync; + + /** + * Constructs a {@code CountDownLatch} initialized with the given count. + * + * @param count the number of times {@link #countDown} must be invoked + * before threads can pass through {@link #await} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code count} is negative + */ + public CountDownLatch(int count) { + if (count < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("count < 0"); + this.sync = new Sync(count); + } + + /** + * Causes the current thread to wait until the latch has counted down to + * zero, unless the thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

If the current count is zero then this method returns immediately. + * + *

If the current count is greater than zero then the current + * thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies + * dormant until one of two things happen: + *

    + *
  • The count reaches zero due to invocations of the + * {@link #countDown} method; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread. + *
+ * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * while waiting + */ + public void await() throws InterruptedException { + sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1); + } + + /** + * Causes the current thread to wait until the latch has counted down to + * zero, unless the thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}, + * or the specified waiting time elapses. + * + *

If the current count is zero then this method returns immediately + * with the value {@code true}. + * + *

If the current count is greater than zero then the current + * thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies + * dormant until one of three things happen: + *

    + *
  • The count reaches zero due to invocations of the + * {@link #countDown} method; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses. + *
+ * + *

If the count reaches zero then the method returns with the + * value {@code true}. + * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then the value {@code false} + * is returned. If the time is less than or equal to zero, the method + * will not wait at all. + * + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait + * @param unit the time unit of the {@code timeout} argument + * @return {@code true} if the count reached zero and {@code false} + * if the waiting time elapsed before the count reached zero + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * while waiting + */ + public boolean await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + return sync.tryAcquireSharedNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Decrements the count of the latch, releasing all waiting threads if + * the count reaches zero. + * + *

If the current count is greater than zero then it is decremented. + * If the new count is zero then all waiting threads are re-enabled for + * thread scheduling purposes. + * + *

If the current count equals zero then nothing happens. + */ + public void countDown() { + sync.releaseShared(1); + } + + /** + * Returns the current count. + * + *

This method is typically used for debugging and testing purposes. + * + * @return the current count + */ + public long getCount() { + return sync.getCount(); + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this latch, as well as its state. + * The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "Count ="} + * followed by the current count. + * + * @return a string identifying this latch, as well as its state + */ + public String toString() { + return super.toString() + "[Count = " + sync.getCount() + "]"; + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CyclicBarrier.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CyclicBarrier.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d5738c5ae --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/CyclicBarrier.java @@ -0,0 +1,454 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; + +/** + * A synchronization aid that allows a set of threads to all wait for + * each other to reach a common barrier point. CyclicBarriers are + * useful in programs involving a fixed sized party of threads that + * must occasionally wait for each other. The barrier is called + * cyclic because it can be re-used after the waiting threads + * are released. + * + *

A CyclicBarrier supports an optional {@link Runnable} command + * that is run once per barrier point, after the last thread in the party + * arrives, but before any threads are released. + * This barrier action is useful + * for updating shared-state before any of the parties continue. + * + *

Sample usage: Here is an example of + * using a barrier in a parallel decomposition design: + * 

+ * class Solver {
+ *   final int N;
+ *   final float[][] data;
+ *   final CyclicBarrier barrier;
+ *
+ *   class Worker implements Runnable {
+ *     int myRow;
+ *     Worker(int row) { myRow = row; }
+ *     public void run() {
+ *       while (!done()) {
+ *         processRow(myRow);
+ *
+ *         try {
+ *           barrier.await();
+ *         } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
+ *           return;
+ *         } catch (BrokenBarrierException ex) {
+ *           return;
+ *         }
+ *       }
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public Solver(float[][] matrix) {
+ *     data = matrix;
+ *     N = matrix.length;
+ *     barrier = new CyclicBarrier(N,
+ *                                 new Runnable() {
+ *                                   public void run() {
+ *                                     mergeRows(...);
+ *                                   }
+ *                                 });
+ *     for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
+ *       new Thread(new Worker(i)).start();
+ *
+ *     waitUntilDone();
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * Here, each worker thread processes a row of the matrix then waits at the + * barrier until all rows have been processed. When all rows are processed + * the supplied {@link Runnable} barrier action is executed and merges the + * rows. If the merger + * determines that a solution has been found then done() will return + * true and each worker will terminate. + * + *

If the barrier action does not rely on the parties being suspended when + * it is executed, then any of the threads in the party could execute that + * action when it is released. To facilitate this, each invocation of + * {@link #await} returns the arrival index of that thread at the barrier. + * You can then choose which thread should execute the barrier action, for + * example: + * 

  if (barrier.await() == 0) {
+ *     // log the completion of this iteration
+ *   }
+ * + *

The CyclicBarrier uses an all-or-none breakage model + * for failed synchronization attempts: If a thread leaves a barrier + * point prematurely because of interruption, failure, or timeout, all + * other threads waiting at that barrier point will also leave + * abnormally via {@link BrokenBarrierException} (or + * {@link InterruptedException} if they too were interrupted at about + * the same time). + * + *

Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread prior to calling + * {@code await()} + * happen-before + * actions that are part of the barrier action, which in turn + * happen-before actions following a successful return from the + * corresponding {@code await()} in other threads. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @see CountDownLatch + * + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class CyclicBarrier { + /** + * Each use of the barrier is represented as a generation instance. + * The generation changes whenever the barrier is tripped, or + * is reset. There can be many generations associated with threads + * using the barrier - due to the non-deterministic way the lock + * may be allocated to waiting threads - but only one of these + * can be active at a time (the one to which count applies) + * and all the rest are either broken or tripped. + * There need not be an active generation if there has been a break + * but no subsequent reset. + */ + private static class Generation { + boolean broken = false; + } + + /** The lock for guarding barrier entry */ + private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); + /** Condition to wait on until tripped */ + private final Condition trip = lock.newCondition(); + /** The number of parties */ + private final int parties; + /* The command to run when tripped */ + private final Runnable barrierCommand; + /** The current generation */ + private Generation generation = new Generation(); + + /** + * Number of parties still waiting. Counts down from parties to 0 + * on each generation. It is reset to parties on each new + * generation or when broken. + */ + private int count; + + /** + * Updates state on barrier trip and wakes up everyone. + * Called only while holding lock. + */ + private void nextGeneration() { + // signal completion of last generation + trip.signalAll(); + // set up next generation + count = parties; + generation = new Generation(); + } + + /** + * Sets current barrier generation as broken and wakes up everyone. + * Called only while holding lock. + */ + private void breakBarrier() { + generation.broken = true; + count = parties; + trip.signalAll(); + } + + /** + * Main barrier code, covering the various policies. + */ + private int dowait(boolean timed, long nanos) + throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException, + TimeoutException { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + final Generation g = generation; + + if (g.broken) + throw new BrokenBarrierException(); + + if (Thread.interrupted()) { + breakBarrier(); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + int index = --count; + if (index == 0) { // tripped + boolean ranAction = false; + try { + final Runnable command = barrierCommand; + if (command != null) + command.run(); + ranAction = true; + nextGeneration(); + return 0; + } finally { + if (!ranAction) + breakBarrier(); + } + } + + // loop until tripped, broken, interrupted, or timed out + for (;;) { + try { + if (!timed) + trip.await(); + else if (nanos > 0L) + nanos = trip.awaitNanos(nanos); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + if (g == generation && ! g.broken) { + breakBarrier(); + throw ie; + } else { + // We're about to finish waiting even if we had not + // been interrupted, so this interrupt is deemed to + // "belong" to subsequent execution. + Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); + } + } + + if (g.broken) + throw new BrokenBarrierException(); + + if (g != generation) + return index; + + if (timed && nanos <= 0L) { + breakBarrier(); + throw new TimeoutException(); + } + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Creates a new CyclicBarrier that will trip when the + * given number of parties (threads) are waiting upon it, and which + * will execute the given barrier action when the barrier is tripped, + * performed by the last thread entering the barrier. + * + * @param parties the number of threads that must invoke {@link #await} + * before the barrier is tripped + * @param barrierAction the command to execute when the barrier is + * tripped, or {@code null} if there is no action + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code parties} is less than 1 + */ + public CyclicBarrier(int parties, Runnable barrierAction) { + if (parties <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + this.parties = parties; + this.count = parties; + this.barrierCommand = barrierAction; + } + + /** + * Creates a new CyclicBarrier that will trip when the + * given number of parties (threads) are waiting upon it, and + * does not perform a predefined action when the barrier is tripped. + * + * @param parties the number of threads that must invoke {@link #await} + * before the barrier is tripped + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code parties} is less than 1 + */ + public CyclicBarrier(int parties) { + this(parties, null); + } + + /** + * Returns the number of parties required to trip this barrier. + * + * @return the number of parties required to trip this barrier + */ + public int getParties() { + return parties; + } + + /** + * Waits until all {@linkplain #getParties parties} have invoked + * await on this barrier. + * + *

If the current thread is not the last to arrive then it is + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * one of the following things happens: + *

    + *
  • The last thread arrives; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * one of the other waiting threads; or + *
  • Some other thread times out while waiting for barrier; or + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #reset} on this barrier. + *
+ * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the barrier is {@link #reset} while any thread is waiting, + * or if the barrier {@linkplain #isBroken is broken} when + * await is invoked, or while any thread is waiting, then + * {@link BrokenBarrierException} is thrown. + * + *

If any thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting, + * then all other waiting threads will throw + * {@link BrokenBarrierException} and the barrier is placed in the broken + * state. + * + *

If the current thread is the last thread to arrive, and a + * non-null barrier action was supplied in the constructor, then the + * current thread runs the action before allowing the other threads to + * continue. + * If an exception occurs during the barrier action then that exception + * will be propagated in the current thread and the barrier is placed in + * the broken state. + * + * @return the arrival index of the current thread, where index + * {@link #getParties()} - 1 indicates the first + * to arrive and zero indicates the last to arrive + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was interrupted + * while waiting + * @throws BrokenBarrierException if another thread was + * interrupted or timed out while the current thread was + * waiting, or the barrier was reset, or the barrier was + * broken when {@code await} was called, or the barrier + * action (if present) failed due an exception. + */ + public int await() throws InterruptedException, BrokenBarrierException { + try { + return dowait(false, 0L); + } catch (TimeoutException toe) { + throw new Error(toe); // cannot happen; + } + } + + /** + * Waits until all {@linkplain #getParties parties} have invoked + * await on this barrier, or the specified waiting time elapses. + * + *

If the current thread is not the last to arrive then it is + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * one of the following things happens: + *

    + *
  • The last thread arrives; or + *
  • The specified timeout elapses; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * one of the other waiting threads; or + *
  • Some other thread times out while waiting for barrier; or + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #reset} on this barrier. + *
+ * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then {@link TimeoutException} + * is thrown. If the time is less than or equal to zero, the + * method will not wait at all. + * + *

If the barrier is {@link #reset} while any thread is waiting, + * or if the barrier {@linkplain #isBroken is broken} when + * await is invoked, or while any thread is waiting, then + * {@link BrokenBarrierException} is thrown. + * + *

If any thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while + * waiting, then all other waiting threads will throw {@link + * BrokenBarrierException} and the barrier is placed in the broken + * state. + * + *

If the current thread is the last thread to arrive, and a + * non-null barrier action was supplied in the constructor, then the + * current thread runs the action before allowing the other threads to + * continue. + * If an exception occurs during the barrier action then that exception + * will be propagated in the current thread and the barrier is placed in + * the broken state. + * + * @param timeout the time to wait for the barrier + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout parameter + * @return the arrival index of the current thread, where index + * {@link #getParties()} - 1 indicates the first + * to arrive and zero indicates the last to arrive + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was interrupted + * while waiting + * @throws TimeoutException if the specified timeout elapses + * @throws BrokenBarrierException if another thread was + * interrupted or timed out while the current thread was + * waiting, or the barrier was reset, or the barrier was broken + * when {@code await} was called, or the barrier action (if + * present) failed due an exception + */ + public int await(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException, + BrokenBarrierException, + TimeoutException { + return dowait(true, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Queries if this barrier is in a broken state. + * + * @return {@code true} if one or more parties broke out of this + * barrier due to interruption or timeout since + * construction or the last reset, or a barrier action + * failed due to an exception; {@code false} otherwise. + */ + public boolean isBroken() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return generation.broken; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Resets the barrier to its initial state. If any parties are + * currently waiting at the barrier, they will return with a + * {@link BrokenBarrierException}. Note that resets after + * a breakage has occurred for other reasons can be complicated to + * carry out; threads need to re-synchronize in some other way, + * and choose one to perform the reset. It may be preferable to + * instead create a new barrier for subsequent use. + */ + public void reset() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + breakBarrier(); // break the current generation + nextGeneration(); // start a new generation + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the number of parties currently waiting at the barrier. + * This method is primarily useful for debugging and assertions. + * + * @return the number of parties currently blocked in {@link #await} + */ + public int getNumberWaiting() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return parties - count; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/DelayQueue.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/DelayQueue.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4ce7bc652 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/DelayQueue.java @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An unbounded {@linkplain BlockingQueue blocking queue} of + * Delayed elements, in which an element can only be taken + * when its delay has expired. The head of the queue is that + * Delayed element whose delay expired furthest in the + * past. If no delay has expired there is no head and poll + * will return null. Expiration occurs when an element's + * getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) method returns a value less + * than or equal to zero. Even though unexpired elements cannot be + * removed using take or poll, they are otherwise + * treated as normal elements. For example, the size method + * returns the count of both expired and unexpired elements. + * This queue does not permit null elements. + * + *

This class and its iterator implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link + * Iterator} interfaces. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ + +public class DelayQueue extends AbstractQueue + implements BlockingQueue { + + private transient final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); + private transient final Condition available = lock.newCondition(); + private final PriorityQueue q = new PriorityQueue(); + + /** + * Creates a new DelayQueue that is initially empty. + */ + public DelayQueue() {} + + /** + * Creates a DelayQueue initially containing the elements of the + * given collection of {@link Delayed} instances. + * + * @param c the collection of elements to initially contain + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public DelayQueue(Collection c) { + this.addAll(c); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this delay queue. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true (as specified by {@link Collection#add}) + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean add(E e) { + return offer(e); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this delay queue. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e) { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + E first = q.peek(); + q.offer(e); + if (first == null || e.compareTo(first) < 0) + available.signalAll(); + return true; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this delay queue. As the queue is + * unbounded this method will never block. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void put(E e) { + offer(e); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this delay queue. As the queue is + * unbounded this method will never block. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @param timeout This parameter is ignored as the method never blocks + * @param unit This parameter is ignored as the method never blocks + * @return true + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) { + return offer(e); + } + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, or returns null + * if this queue has no elements with an expired delay. + * + * @return the head of this queue, or null if this + * queue has no elements with an expired delay + */ + public E poll() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + E first = q.peek(); + if (first == null || first.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) > 0) + return null; + else { + E x = q.poll(); + assert x != null; + if (q.size() != 0) + available.signalAll(); + return x; + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting if necessary + * until an element with an expired delay is available on this queue. + * + * @return the head of this queue + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E take() throws InterruptedException { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + E first = q.peek(); + if (first == null) { + available.await(); + } else { + long delay = first.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + if (delay > 0) { + long tl = available.awaitNanos(delay); + } else { + E x = q.poll(); + assert x != null; + if (q.size() != 0) + available.signalAll(); // wake up other takers + return x; + + } + } + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting if necessary + * until an element with an expired delay is available on this queue, + * or the specified wait time expires. + * + * @return the head of this queue, or null if the + * specified waiting time elapses before an element with + * an expired delay becomes available + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + E first = q.peek(); + if (first == null) { + if (nanos <= 0) + return null; + else + nanos = available.awaitNanos(nanos); + } else { + long delay = first.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + if (delay > 0) { + if (nanos <= 0) + return null; + if (delay > nanos) + delay = nanos; + long timeLeft = available.awaitNanos(delay); + nanos -= delay - timeLeft; + } else { + E x = q.poll(); + assert x != null; + if (q.size() != 0) + available.signalAll(); + return x; + } + } + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of this queue, or + * returns null if this queue is empty. Unlike + * poll, if no expired elements are available in the queue, + * this method returns the element that will expire next, + * if one exists. + * + * @return the head of this queue, or null if this + * queue is empty. + */ + public E peek() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.peek(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public int size() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.size(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int n = 0; + for (;;) { + E first = q.peek(); + if (first == null || first.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) > 0) + break; + c.add(q.poll()); + ++n; + } + if (n > 0) + available.signalAll(); + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + if (maxElements <= 0) + return 0; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int n = 0; + while (n < maxElements) { + E first = q.peek(); + if (first == null || first.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) > 0) + break; + c.add(q.poll()); + ++n; + } + if (n > 0) + available.signalAll(); + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Atomically removes all of the elements from this delay queue. + * The queue will be empty after this call returns. + * Elements with an unexpired delay are not waited for; they are + * simply discarded from the queue. + */ + public void clear() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + q.clear(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Always returns Integer.MAX_VALUE because + * a DelayQueue is not capacity constrained. + * + * @return Integer.MAX_VALUE + */ + public int remainingCapacity() { + return Integer.MAX_VALUE; + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue. + * The returned array elements are in no particular order. + * + *

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are + * maintained by this queue. (In other words, this method must allocate + * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array. + * + *

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based + * APIs. + * + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + */ + public Object[] toArray() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.toArray(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue; the + * runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. + * The returned array elements are in no particular order. + * If the queue fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. + * Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the + * specified array and the size of this queue. + * + *

If this queue fits in the specified array with room to spare + * (i.e., the array has more elements than this queue), the element in + * the array immediately following the end of the queue is set to + * null. + * + *

Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between + * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows + * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, + * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs. + * + *

The following code can be used to dump a delay queue into a newly + * allocated array of Delayed: + * + * 

+     *     Delayed[] a = q.toArray(new Delayed[0]);
+ * + * Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to + * toArray(). + * + * @param a the array into which the elements of the queue are to + * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the + * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array + * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in + * this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null + */ + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.toArray(a); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this + * queue, if it is present, whether or not it has expired. + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.remove(o); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over all the elements (both expired and + * unexpired) in this queue. The iterator does not return the + * elements in any particular order. The returned + * Iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that will + * never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, and + * guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed + * to) reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this queue + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return new Itr(toArray()); + } + + /** + * Snapshot iterator that works off copy of underlying q array. + */ + private class Itr implements Iterator { + final Object[] array; // Array of all elements + int cursor; // index of next element to return; + int lastRet; // index of last element, or -1 if no such + + Itr(Object[] array) { + lastRet = -1; + this.array = array; + } + + public boolean hasNext() { + return cursor < array.length; + } + + public E next() { + if (cursor >= array.length) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + lastRet = cursor; + return (E)array[cursor++]; + } + + public void remove() { + if (lastRet < 0) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + Object x = array[lastRet]; + lastRet = -1; + // Traverse underlying queue to find == element, + // not just a .equals element. + lock.lock(); + try { + for (Iterator it = q.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) { + if (it.next() == x) { + it.remove(); + return; + } + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Delayed.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Delayed.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b1ff4eee5 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Delayed.java @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A mix-in style interface for marking objects that should be + * acted upon after a given delay. + * + *

An implementation of this interface must define a + * compareTo method that provides an ordering consistent with + * its getDelay method. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface Delayed extends Comparable { + + /** + * Returns the remaining delay associated with this object, in the + * given time unit. + * + * @param unit the time unit + * @return the remaining delay; zero or negative values indicate + * that the delay has already elapsed + */ + long getDelay(TimeUnit unit); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Exchanger.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Exchanger.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fb917f432 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Exchanger.java @@ -0,0 +1,656 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea, Bill Scherer, and Michael Scott with + * assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 Expert Group and released to + * the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport; + +/** + * A synchronization point at which threads can pair and swap elements + * within pairs. Each thread presents some object on entry to the + * {@link #exchange exchange} method, matches with a partner thread, + * and receives its partner's object on return. An Exchanger may be + * viewed as a bidirectional form of a {@link SynchronousQueue}. + * Exchangers may be useful in applications such as genetic algorithms + * and pipeline designs. + * + *

Sample Usage: + * Here are the highlights of a class that uses an {@code Exchanger} + * to swap buffers between threads so that the thread filling the + * buffer gets a freshly emptied one when it needs it, handing off the + * filled one to the thread emptying the buffer. + * 

{@code
+ * class FillAndEmpty {
+ *   Exchanger exchanger = new Exchanger();
+ *   DataBuffer initialEmptyBuffer = ... a made-up type
+ *   DataBuffer initialFullBuffer = ...
+ *
+ *   class FillingLoop implements Runnable {
+ *     public void run() {
+ *       DataBuffer currentBuffer = initialEmptyBuffer;
+ *       try {
+ *         while (currentBuffer != null) {
+ *           addToBuffer(currentBuffer);
+ *           if (currentBuffer.isFull())
+ *             currentBuffer = exchanger.exchange(currentBuffer);
+ *         }
+ *       } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ... handle ... }
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   class EmptyingLoop implements Runnable {
+ *     public void run() {
+ *       DataBuffer currentBuffer = initialFullBuffer;
+ *       try {
+ *         while (currentBuffer != null) {
+ *           takeFromBuffer(currentBuffer);
+ *           if (currentBuffer.isEmpty())
+ *             currentBuffer = exchanger.exchange(currentBuffer);
+ *         }
+ *       } catch (InterruptedException ex) { ... handle ...}
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   void start() {
+ *     new Thread(new FillingLoop()).start();
+ *     new Thread(new EmptyingLoop()).start();
+ *   }
+ * }
+ * }
+ * + *

Memory consistency effects: For each pair of threads that + * successfully exchange objects via an {@code Exchanger}, actions + * prior to the {@code exchange()} in each thread + * happen-before + * those subsequent to a return from the corresponding {@code exchange()} + * in the other thread. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea and Bill Scherer and Michael Scott + * @param The type of objects that may be exchanged + */ +public class Exchanger { + /* + * Algorithm Description: + * + * The basic idea is to maintain a "slot", which is a reference to + * a Node containing both an Item to offer and a "hole" waiting to + * get filled in. If an incoming "occupying" thread sees that the + * slot is null, it CAS'es (compareAndSets) a Node there and waits + * for another to invoke exchange. That second "fulfilling" thread + * sees that the slot is non-null, and so CASes it back to null, + * also exchanging items by CASing the hole, plus waking up the + * occupying thread if it is blocked. In each case CAS'es may + * fail because a slot at first appears non-null but is null upon + * CAS, or vice-versa. So threads may need to retry these + * actions. + * + * This simple approach works great when there are only a few + * threads using an Exchanger, but performance rapidly + * deteriorates due to CAS contention on the single slot when + * there are lots of threads using an exchanger. So instead we use + * an "arena"; basically a kind of hash table with a dynamically + * varying number of slots, any one of which can be used by + * threads performing an exchange. Incoming threads pick slots + * based on a hash of their Thread ids. If an incoming thread + * fails to CAS in its chosen slot, it picks an alternative slot + * instead. And similarly from there. If a thread successfully + * CASes into a slot but no other thread arrives, it tries + * another, heading toward the zero slot, which always exists even + * if the table shrinks. The particular mechanics controlling this + * are as follows: + * + * Waiting: Slot zero is special in that it is the only slot that + * exists when there is no contention. A thread occupying slot + * zero will block if no thread fulfills it after a short spin. + * In other cases, occupying threads eventually give up and try + * another slot. Waiting threads spin for a while (a period that + * should be a little less than a typical context-switch time) + * before either blocking (if slot zero) or giving up (if other + * slots) and restarting. There is no reason for threads to block + * unless there are unlikely to be any other threads present. + * Occupants are mainly avoiding memory contention so sit there + * quietly polling for a shorter period than it would take to + * block and then unblock them. Non-slot-zero waits that elapse + * because of lack of other threads waste around one extra + * context-switch time per try, which is still on average much + * faster than alternative approaches. + * + * Sizing: Usually, using only a few slots suffices to reduce + * contention. Especially with small numbers of threads, using + * too many slots can lead to just as poor performance as using + * too few of them, and there's not much room for error. The + * variable "max" maintains the number of slots actually in + * use. It is increased when a thread sees too many CAS + * failures. (This is analogous to resizing a regular hash table + * based on a target load factor, except here, growth steps are + * just one-by-one rather than proportional.) Growth requires + * contention failures in each of three tried slots. Requiring + * multiple failures for expansion copes with the fact that some + * failed CASes are not due to contention but instead to simple + * races between two threads or thread pre-emptions occurring + * between reading and CASing. Also, very transient peak + * contention can be much higher than the average sustainable + * levels. The max limit is decreased on average 50% of the times + * that a non-slot-zero wait elapses without being fulfilled. + * Threads experiencing elapsed waits move closer to zero, so + * eventually find existing (or future) threads even if the table + * has been shrunk due to inactivity. The chosen mechanics and + * thresholds for growing and shrinking are intrinsically + * entangled with indexing and hashing inside the exchange code, + * and can't be nicely abstracted out. + * + * Hashing: Each thread picks its initial slot to use in accord + * with a simple hashcode. The sequence is the same on each + * encounter by any given thread, but effectively random across + * threads. Using arenas encounters the classic cost vs quality + * tradeoffs of all hash tables. Here, we use a one-step FNV-1a + * hash code based on the current thread's Thread.getId(), along + * with a cheap approximation to a mod operation to select an + * index. The downside of optimizing index selection in this way + * is that the code is hardwired to use a maximum table size of + * 32. But this value more than suffices for known platforms and + * applications. + * + * Probing: On sensed contention of a selected slot, we probe + * sequentially through the table, analogously to linear probing + * after collision in a hash table. (We move circularly, in + * reverse order, to mesh best with table growth and shrinkage + * rules.) Except that to minimize the effects of false-alarms + * and cache thrashing, we try the first selected slot twice + * before moving. + * + * Padding: Even with contention management, slots are heavily + * contended, so use cache-padding to avoid poor memory + * performance. Because of this, slots are lazily constructed + * only when used, to avoid wasting this space unnecessarily. + * While isolation of locations is not much of an issue at first + * in an application, as time goes on and garbage-collectors + * perform compaction, slots are very likely to be moved adjacent + * to each other, which can cause much thrashing of cache lines on + * MPs unless padding is employed. + * + * This is an improvement of the algorithm described in the paper + * "A Scalable Elimination-based Exchange Channel" by William + * Scherer, Doug Lea, and Michael Scott in Proceedings of SCOOL05 + * workshop. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/2104 + */ + + /** The number of CPUs, for sizing and spin control */ + private static final int NCPU = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(); + + /** + * The capacity of the arena. Set to a value that provides more + * than enough space to handle contention. On small machines + * most slots won't be used, but it is still not wasted because + * the extra space provides some machine-level address padding + * to minimize interference with heavily CAS'ed Slot locations. + * And on very large machines, performance eventually becomes + * bounded by memory bandwidth, not numbers of threads/CPUs. + * This constant cannot be changed without also modifying + * indexing and hashing algorithms. + */ + private static final int CAPACITY = 32; + + /** + * The value of "max" that will hold all threads without + * contention. When this value is less than CAPACITY, some + * otherwise wasted expansion can be avoided. + */ + private static final int FULL = + Math.max(0, Math.min(CAPACITY, NCPU / 2) - 1); + + /** + * The number of times to spin (doing nothing except polling a + * memory location) before blocking or giving up while waiting to + * be fulfilled. Should be zero on uniprocessors. On + * multiprocessors, this value should be large enough so that two + * threads exchanging items as fast as possible block only when + * one of them is stalled (due to GC or preemption), but not much + * longer, to avoid wasting CPU resources. Seen differently, this + * value is a little over half the number of cycles of an average + * context switch time on most systems. The value here is + * approximately the average of those across a range of tested + * systems. + */ + private static final int SPINS = (NCPU == 1) ? 0 : 2000; + + /** + * The number of times to spin before blocking in timed waits. + * Timed waits spin more slowly because checking the time takes + * time. The best value relies mainly on the relative rate of + * System.nanoTime vs memory accesses. The value is empirically + * derived to work well across a variety of systems. + */ + private static final int TIMED_SPINS = SPINS / 20; + + /** + * Sentinel item representing cancellation of a wait due to + * interruption, timeout, or elapsed spin-waits. This value is + * placed in holes on cancellation, and used as a return value + * from waiting methods to indicate failure to set or get hole. + */ + private static final Object CANCEL = new Object(); + + /** + * Value representing null arguments/returns from public + * methods. This disambiguates from internal requirement that + * holes start out as null to mean they are not yet set. + */ + private static final Object NULL_ITEM = new Object(); + + /** + * Nodes hold partially exchanged data. This class + * opportunistically subclasses AtomicReference to represent the + * hole. So get() returns hole, and compareAndSet CAS'es value + * into hole. This class cannot be parameterized as "V" because + * of the use of non-V CANCEL sentinels. + */ + private static final class Node extends AtomicReference { + /** The element offered by the Thread creating this node. */ + public final Object item; + + /** The Thread waiting to be signalled; null until waiting. */ + public volatile Thread waiter; + + /** + * Creates node with given item and empty hole. + * @param item the item + */ + public Node(Object item) { + this.item = item; + } + } + + /** + * A Slot is an AtomicReference with heuristic padding to lessen + * cache effects of this heavily CAS'ed location. While the + * padding adds noticeable space, all slots are created only on + * demand, and there will be more than one of them only when it + * would improve throughput more than enough to outweigh using + * extra space. + */ + private static final class Slot extends AtomicReference { + // Improve likelihood of isolation on <= 64 byte cache lines + long q0, q1, q2, q3, q4, q5, q6, q7, q8, q9, qa, qb, qc, qd, qe; + } + + /** + * Slot array. Elements are lazily initialized when needed. + * Declared volatile to enable double-checked lazy construction. + */ + private volatile Slot[] arena = new Slot[CAPACITY]; + + /** + * The maximum slot index being used. The value sometimes + * increases when a thread experiences too many CAS contentions, + * and sometimes decreases when a spin-wait elapses. Changes + * are performed only via compareAndSet, to avoid stale values + * when a thread happens to stall right before setting. + */ + private final AtomicInteger max = new AtomicInteger(); + + /** + * Main exchange function, handling the different policy variants. + * Uses Object, not "V" as argument and return value to simplify + * handling of sentinel values. Callers from public methods decode + * and cast accordingly. + * + * @param item the (non-null) item to exchange + * @param timed true if the wait is timed + * @param nanos if timed, the maximum wait time + * @return the other thread's item, or CANCEL if interrupted or timed out + */ + private Object doExchange(Object item, boolean timed, long nanos) { + Node me = new Node(item); // Create in case occupying + int index = hashIndex(); // Index of current slot + int fails = 0; // Number of CAS failures + + for (;;) { + Object y; // Contents of current slot + Slot slot = arena[index]; + if (slot == null) // Lazily initialize slots + createSlot(index); // Continue loop to reread + else if ((y = slot.get()) != null && // Try to fulfill + slot.compareAndSet(y, null)) { + Node you = (Node)y; // Transfer item + if (you.compareAndSet(null, item)) { + LockSupport.unpark(you.waiter); + return you.item; + } // Else cancelled; continue + } + else if (y == null && // Try to occupy + slot.compareAndSet(null, me)) { + if (index == 0) // Blocking wait for slot 0 + return timed? awaitNanos(me, slot, nanos): await(me, slot); + Object v = spinWait(me, slot); // Spin wait for non-0 + if (v != CANCEL) + return v; + me = new Node(item); // Throw away cancelled node + int m = max.get(); + if (m > (index >>>= 1)) // Decrease index + max.compareAndSet(m, m - 1); // Maybe shrink table + } + else if (++fails > 1) { // Allow 2 fails on 1st slot + int m = max.get(); + if (fails > 3 && m < FULL && max.compareAndSet(m, m + 1)) + index = m + 1; // Grow on 3rd failed slot + else if (--index < 0) + index = m; // Circularly traverse + } + } + } + + /** + * Returns a hash index for the current thread. Uses a one-step + * FNV-1a hash code (http://www.isthe.com/chongo/tech/comp/fnv/) + * based on the current thread's Thread.getId(). These hash codes + * have more uniform distribution properties with respect to small + * moduli (here 1-31) than do other simple hashing functions. + * + *

To return an index between 0 and max, we use a cheap + * approximation to a mod operation, that also corrects for bias + * due to non-power-of-2 remaindering (see {@link + * java.util.Random#nextInt}). Bits of the hashcode are masked + * with "nbits", the ceiling power of two of table size (looked up + * in a table packed into three ints). If too large, this is + * retried after rotating the hash by nbits bits, while forcing new + * top bit to 0, which guarantees eventual termination (although + * with a non-random-bias). This requires an average of less than + * 2 tries for all table sizes, and has a maximum 2% difference + * from perfectly uniform slot probabilities when applied to all + * possible hash codes for sizes less than 32. + * + * @return a per-thread-random index, 0 <= index < max + */ + private final int hashIndex() { + long id = Thread.currentThread().getId(); + int hash = (((int)(id ^ (id >>> 32))) ^ 0x811c9dc5) * 0x01000193; + + int m = max.get(); + int nbits = (((0xfffffc00 >> m) & 4) | // Compute ceil(log2(m+1)) + ((0x000001f8 >>> m) & 2) | // The constants hold + ((0xffff00f2 >>> m) & 1)); // a lookup table + int index; + while ((index = hash & ((1 << nbits) - 1)) > m) // May retry on + hash = (hash >>> nbits) | (hash << (33 - nbits)); // non-power-2 m + return index; + } + + /** + * Creates a new slot at given index. Called only when the slot + * appears to be null. Relies on double-check using builtin + * locks, since they rarely contend. This in turn relies on the + * arena array being declared volatile. + * + * @param index the index to add slot at + */ + private void createSlot(int index) { + // Create slot outside of lock to narrow sync region + Slot newSlot = new Slot(); + Slot[] a = arena; + synchronized (a) { + if (a[index] == null) + a[index] = newSlot; + } + } + + /** + * Tries to cancel a wait for the given node waiting in the given + * slot, if so, helping clear the node from its slot to avoid + * garbage retention. + * + * @param node the waiting node + * @param the slot it is waiting in + * @return true if successfully cancelled + */ + private static boolean tryCancel(Node node, Slot slot) { + if (!node.compareAndSet(null, CANCEL)) + return false; + if (slot.get() == node) // pre-check to minimize contention + slot.compareAndSet(node, null); + return true; + } + + // Three forms of waiting. Each just different enough not to merge + // code with others. + + /** + * Spin-waits for hole for a non-0 slot. Fails if spin elapses + * before hole filled. Does not check interrupt, relying on check + * in public exchange method to abort if interrupted on entry. + * + * @param node the waiting node + * @return on success, the hole; on failure, CANCEL + */ + private static Object spinWait(Node node, Slot slot) { + int spins = SPINS; + for (;;) { + Object v = node.get(); + if (v != null) + return v; + else if (spins > 0) + --spins; + else + tryCancel(node, slot); + } + } + + /** + * Waits for (by spinning and/or blocking) and gets the hole + * filled in by another thread. Fails if interrupted before + * hole filled. + * + * When a node/thread is about to block, it sets its waiter field + * and then rechecks state at least one more time before actually + * parking, thus covering race vs fulfiller noticing that waiter + * is non-null so should be woken. + * + * Thread interruption status is checked only surrounding calls to + * park. The caller is assumed to have checked interrupt status + * on entry. + * + * @param node the waiting node + * @return on success, the hole; on failure, CANCEL + */ + private static Object await(Node node, Slot slot) { + Thread w = Thread.currentThread(); + int spins = SPINS; + for (;;) { + Object v = node.get(); + if (v != null) + return v; + else if (spins > 0) // Spin-wait phase + --spins; + else if (node.waiter == null) // Set up to block next + node.waiter = w; + else if (w.isInterrupted()) // Abort on interrupt + tryCancel(node, slot); + else // Block + LockSupport.park(node); + } + } + + /** + * Waits for (at index 0) and gets the hole filled in by another + * thread. Fails if timed out or interrupted before hole filled. + * Same basic logic as untimed version, but a bit messier. + * + * @param node the waiting node + * @param nanos the wait time + * @return on success, the hole; on failure, CANCEL + */ + private Object awaitNanos(Node node, Slot slot, long nanos) { + int spins = TIMED_SPINS; + long lastTime = 0; + Thread w = null; + for (;;) { + Object v = node.get(); + if (v != null) + return v; + long now = System.nanoTime(); + if (w == null) + w = Thread.currentThread(); + else + nanos -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (nanos > 0) { + if (spins > 0) + --spins; + else if (node.waiter == null) + node.waiter = w; + else if (w.isInterrupted()) + tryCancel(node, slot); + else + LockSupport.parkNanos(node, nanos); + } + else if (tryCancel(node, slot) && !w.isInterrupted()) + return scanOnTimeout(node); + } + } + + /** + * Sweeps through arena checking for any waiting threads. Called + * only upon return from timeout while waiting in slot 0. When a + * thread gives up on a timed wait, it is possible that a + * previously-entered thread is still waiting in some other + * slot. So we scan to check for any. This is almost always + * overkill, but decreases the likelihood of timeouts when there + * are other threads present to far less than that in lock-based + * exchangers in which earlier-arriving threads may still be + * waiting on entry locks. + * + * @param node the waiting node + * @return another thread's item, or CANCEL + */ + private Object scanOnTimeout(Node node) { + Object y; + for (int j = arena.length - 1; j >= 0; --j) { + Slot slot = arena[j]; + if (slot != null) { + while ((y = slot.get()) != null) { + if (slot.compareAndSet(y, null)) { + Node you = (Node)y; + if (you.compareAndSet(null, node.item)) { + LockSupport.unpark(you.waiter); + return you.item; + } + } + } + } + } + return CANCEL; + } + + /** + * Creates a new Exchanger. + */ + public Exchanger() { + } + + /** + * Waits for another thread to arrive at this exchange point (unless + * the current thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}), + * and then transfers the given object to it, receiving its object + * in return. + * + *

If another thread is already waiting at the exchange point then + * it is resumed for thread scheduling purposes and receives the object + * passed in by the current thread. The current thread returns immediately, + * receiving the object passed to the exchange by that other thread. + * + *

If no other thread is already waiting at the exchange then the + * current thread is disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies + * dormant until one of two things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread enters the exchange; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the current + * thread. + *
+ *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * for the exchange, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + * @param x the object to exchange + * @return the object provided by the other thread + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was + * interrupted while waiting + */ + public V exchange(V x) throws InterruptedException { + if (!Thread.interrupted()) { + Object v = doExchange(x == null? NULL_ITEM : x, false, 0); + if (v == NULL_ITEM) + return null; + if (v != CANCEL) + return (V)v; + Thread.interrupted(); // Clear interrupt status on IE throw + } + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Waits for another thread to arrive at this exchange point (unless + * the current thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} or + * the specified waiting time elapses), and then transfers the given + * object to it, receiving its object in return. + * + *

If another thread is already waiting at the exchange point then + * it is resumed for thread scheduling purposes and receives the object + * passed in by the current thread. The current thread returns immediately, + * receiving the object passed to the exchange by that other thread. + * + *

If no other thread is already waiting at the exchange then the + * current thread is disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies + * dormant until one of three things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread enters the exchange; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses. + *
+ *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * for the exchange, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then {@link + * TimeoutException} is thrown. If the time is less than or equal + * to zero, the method will not wait at all. + * + * @param x the object to exchange + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * @return the object provided by the other thread + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was + * interrupted while waiting + * @throws TimeoutException if the specified waiting time elapses + * before another thread enters the exchange + */ + public V exchange(V x, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException, TimeoutException { + if (!Thread.interrupted()) { + Object v = doExchange(x == null? NULL_ITEM : x, + true, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + if (v == NULL_ITEM) + return null; + if (v != CANCEL) + return (V)v; + if (!Thread.interrupted()) + throw new TimeoutException(); + } + throw new InterruptedException(); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutionException.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutionException.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc561e58e --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutionException.java @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * Exception thrown when attempting to retrieve the result of a task + * that aborted by throwing an exception. This exception can be + * inspected using the {@link #getCause()} method. + * + * @see Future + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class ExecutionException extends Exception { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 7830266012832686185L; + + /** + * Constructs an ExecutionException with no detail message. + * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be + * initialized by a call to {@link #initCause(Throwable) initCause}. + */ + protected ExecutionException() { } + + /** + * Constructs an ExecutionException with the specified detail + * message. The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be + * initialized by a call to {@link #initCause(Throwable) initCause}. + * + * @param message the detail message + */ + protected ExecutionException(String message) { + super(message); + } + + /** + * Constructs an ExecutionException with the specified detail + * message and cause. + * + * @param message the detail message + * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the + * {@link #getCause()} method) + */ + public ExecutionException(String message, Throwable cause) { + super(message, cause); + } + + /** + * Constructs an ExecutionException with the specified cause. + * The detail message is set to: + * 

+     *  (cause == null ? null : cause.toString())
+ * (which typically contains the class and detail message of + * cause). + * + * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the + * {@link #getCause()} method) + */ + public ExecutionException(Throwable cause) { + super(cause); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executor.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executor.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a61e92152 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executor.java @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * An object that executes submitted {@link Runnable} tasks. This + * interface provides a way of decoupling task submission from the + * mechanics of how each task will be run, including details of thread + * use, scheduling, etc. An Executor is normally used + * instead of explicitly creating threads. For example, rather than + * invoking new Thread(new(RunnableTask())).start() for each + * of a set of tasks, you might use: + * + * 
+ * Executor executor = anExecutor;
+ * executor.execute(new RunnableTask1());
+ * executor.execute(new RunnableTask2());
+ * ...
+ *
+ * + * However, the Executor interface does not strictly + * require that execution be asynchronous. In the simplest case, an + * executor can run the submitted task immediately in the caller's + * thread: + * + * 
+ * class DirectExecutor implements Executor {
+ *     public void execute(Runnable r) {
+ *         r.run();
+ *     }
+ * }
+ * + * More typically, tasks are executed in some thread other + * than the caller's thread. The executor below spawns a new thread + * for each task. + * + * 
+ * class ThreadPerTaskExecutor implements Executor {
+ *     public void execute(Runnable r) {
+ *         new Thread(r).start();
+ *     }
+ * }
+ * + * Many Executor implementations impose some sort of + * limitation on how and when tasks are scheduled. The executor below + * serializes the submission of tasks to a second executor, + * illustrating a composite executor. + * + * 
+ * class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
+ *     final Queue<Runnable> tasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>();
+ *     final Executor executor;
+ *     Runnable active;
+ *
+ *     SerialExecutor(Executor executor) {
+ *         this.executor = executor;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
+ *         tasks.offer(new Runnable() {
+ *             public void run() {
+ *                 try {
+ *                     r.run();
+ *                 } finally {
+ *                     scheduleNext();
+ *                 }
+ *             }
+ *         });
+ *         if (active == null) {
+ *             scheduleNext();
+ *         }
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {
+ *         if ((active = tasks.poll()) != null) {
+ *             executor.execute(active);
+ *         }
+ *     }
+ * }
+ * + * The Executor implementations provided in this package + * implement {@link ExecutorService}, which is a more extensive + * interface. The {@link ThreadPoolExecutor} class provides an + * extensible thread pool implementation. The {@link Executors} class + * provides convenient factory methods for these Executors. + * + *

Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread prior to + * submitting a {@code Runnable} object to an {@code Executor} + * happen-before + * its execution begins, perhaps in another thread. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface Executor { + + /** + * Executes the given command at some time in the future. The command + * may execute in a new thread, in a pooled thread, or in the calling + * thread, at the discretion of the Executor implementation. + * + * @param command the runnable task + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if this task cannot be + * accepted for execution. + * @throws NullPointerException if command is null + */ + void execute(Runnable command); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorCompletionService.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorCompletionService.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9b7a0e027 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorCompletionService.java @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A {@link CompletionService} that uses a supplied {@link Executor} + * to execute tasks. This class arranges that submitted tasks are, + * upon completion, placed on a queue accessible using take. + * The class is lightweight enough to be suitable for transient use + * when processing groups of tasks. + * + *

+ * + * Usage Examples. + * + * Suppose you have a set of solvers for a certain problem, each + * returning a value of some type Result, and would like to + * run them concurrently, processing the results of each of them that + * return a non-null value, in some method use(Result r). You + * could write this as: + * + * 

+ *   void solve(Executor e,
+ *              Collection<Callable<Result>> solvers)
+ *     throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
+ *       CompletionService<Result> ecs
+ *           = new ExecutorCompletionService<Result>(e);
+ *       for (Callable<Result> s : solvers)
+ *           ecs.submit(s);
+ *       int n = solvers.size();
+ *       for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ *           Result r = ecs.take().get();
+ *           if (r != null)
+ *               use(r);
+ *       }
+ *   }
+ *
+ * + * Suppose instead that you would like to use the first non-null result + * of the set of tasks, ignoring any that encounter exceptions, + * and cancelling all other tasks when the first one is ready: + * + * 
+ *   void solve(Executor e,
+ *              Collection<Callable<Result>> solvers)
+ *     throws InterruptedException {
+ *       CompletionService<Result> ecs
+ *           = new ExecutorCompletionService<Result>(e);
+ *       int n = solvers.size();
+ *       List<Future<Result>> futures
+ *           = new ArrayList<Future<Result>>(n);
+ *       Result result = null;
+ *       try {
+ *           for (Callable<Result> s : solvers)
+ *               futures.add(ecs.submit(s));
+ *           for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
+ *               try {
+ *                   Result r = ecs.take().get();
+ *                   if (r != null) {
+ *                       result = r;
+ *                       break;
+ *                   }
+ *               } catch (ExecutionException ignore) {}
+ *           }
+ *       }
+ *       finally {
+ *           for (Future<Result> f : futures)
+ *               f.cancel(true);
+ *       }
+ *
+ *       if (result != null)
+ *           use(result);
+ *   }
+ *
+ */ +public class ExecutorCompletionService implements CompletionService { + private final Executor executor; + private final AbstractExecutorService aes; + private final BlockingQueue> completionQueue; + + /** + * FutureTask extension to enqueue upon completion + */ + private class QueueingFuture extends FutureTask { + QueueingFuture(RunnableFuture task) { + super(task, null); + this.task = task; + } + protected void done() { completionQueue.add(task); } + private final Future task; + } + + private RunnableFuture newTaskFor(Callable task) { + if (aes == null) + return new FutureTask(task); + else + return aes.newTaskFor(task); + } + + private RunnableFuture newTaskFor(Runnable task, V result) { + if (aes == null) + return new FutureTask(task, result); + else + return aes.newTaskFor(task, result); + } + + /** + * Creates an ExecutorCompletionService using the supplied + * executor for base task execution and a + * {@link LinkedBlockingQueue} as a completion queue. + * + * @param executor the executor to use + * @throws NullPointerException if executor is null + */ + public ExecutorCompletionService(Executor executor) { + if (executor == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + this.executor = executor; + this.aes = (executor instanceof AbstractExecutorService) ? + (AbstractExecutorService) executor : null; + this.completionQueue = new LinkedBlockingQueue>(); + } + + /** + * Creates an ExecutorCompletionService using the supplied + * executor for base task execution and the supplied queue as its + * completion queue. + * + * @param executor the executor to use + * @param completionQueue the queue to use as the completion queue + * normally one dedicated for use by this service + * @throws NullPointerException if executor or completionQueue are null + */ + public ExecutorCompletionService(Executor executor, + BlockingQueue> completionQueue) { + if (executor == null || completionQueue == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + this.executor = executor; + this.aes = (executor instanceof AbstractExecutorService) ? + (AbstractExecutorService) executor : null; + this.completionQueue = completionQueue; + } + + public Future submit(Callable task) { + if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + RunnableFuture f = newTaskFor(task); + executor.execute(new QueueingFuture(f)); + return f; + } + + public Future submit(Runnable task, V result) { + if (task == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + RunnableFuture f = newTaskFor(task, result); + executor.execute(new QueueingFuture(f)); + return f; + } + + public Future take() throws InterruptedException { + return completionQueue.take(); + } + + public Future poll() { + return completionQueue.poll(); + } + + public Future poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + return completionQueue.poll(timeout, unit); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..777319265 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.java @@ -0,0 +1,306 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.List; +import java.util.Collection; +import java.security.PrivilegedAction; +import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction; + +/** + * An {@link Executor} that provides methods to manage termination and + * methods that can produce a {@link Future} for tracking progress of + * one or more asynchronous tasks. + * + *

+ * An ExecutorService can be shut down, which will cause it + * to stop accepting new tasks. After being shut down, the executor + * will eventually terminate, at which point no tasks are actively + * executing, no tasks are awaiting execution, and no new tasks can be + * submitted. An unused ExecutorService should be shut down + * to allow reclamation of its resources. + * + *

Method submit extends base method {@link + * Executor#execute} by creating and returning a {@link Future} that + * can be used to cancel execution and/or wait for completion. + * Methods invokeAny and invokeAll perform the most + * commonly useful forms of bulk execution, executing a collection of + * tasks and then waiting for at least one, or all, to + * complete. (Class {@link ExecutorCompletionService} can be used to + * write customized variants of these methods.) + * + *

The {@link Executors} class provides factory methods for the + * executor services provided in this package. + * + *

Usage Example

+ * + * Here is a sketch of a network service in which threads in a thread + * pool service incoming requests. It uses the preconfigured {@link + * Executors#newFixedThreadPool} factory method: + * + * 
+ * class NetworkService {
+ *   private final ServerSocket serverSocket;
+ *   private final ExecutorService pool;
+ *
+ *   public NetworkService(int port, int poolSize)
+ *       throws IOException {
+ *     serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
+ *     pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(poolSize);
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public void serve() {
+ *     try {
+ *       for (;;) {
+ *         pool.execute(new Handler(serverSocket.accept()));
+ *       }
+ *     } catch (IOException ex) {
+ *       pool.shutdown();
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * class Handler implements Runnable {
+ *   private final Socket socket;
+ *   Handler(Socket socket) { this.socket = socket; }
+ *   public void run() {
+ *     // read and service request
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + *

Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread prior to the + * submission of a {@code Runnable} or {@code Callable} task to an + * {@code ExecutorService} + * happen-before + * any actions taken by that task, which in turn happen-before the + * result is retrieved via {@code Future.get()}. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface ExecutorService extends Executor { + + /** + * Initiates an orderly shutdown in which previously submitted + * tasks are executed, but no new tasks will be accepted. + * Invocation has no additional effect if already shut down. + * + * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and + * shutting down this ExecutorService may manipulate + * threads that the caller is not permitted to modify + * because it does not hold {@link + * java.lang.RuntimePermission}("modifyThread"), + * or the security manager's checkAccess method + * denies access. + */ + void shutdown(); + + /** + * Attempts to stop all actively executing tasks, halts the + * processing of waiting tasks, and returns a list of the tasks that were + * awaiting execution. + * + *

There are no guarantees beyond best-effort attempts to stop + * processing actively executing tasks. For example, typical + * implementations will cancel via {@link Thread#interrupt}, so any + * task that fails to respond to interrupts may never terminate. + * + * @return list of tasks that never commenced execution + * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and + * shutting down this ExecutorService may manipulate + * threads that the caller is not permitted to modify + * because it does not hold {@link + * java.lang.RuntimePermission}("modifyThread"), + * or the security manager's checkAccess method + * denies access. + */ + List shutdownNow(); + + /** + * Returns true if this executor has been shut down. + * + * @return true if this executor has been shut down + */ + boolean isShutdown(); + + /** + * Returns true if all tasks have completed following shut down. + * Note that isTerminated is never true unless + * either shutdown or shutdownNow was called first. + * + * @return true if all tasks have completed following shut down + */ + boolean isTerminated(); + + /** + * Blocks until all tasks have completed execution after a shutdown + * request, or the timeout occurs, or the current thread is + * interrupted, whichever happens first. + * + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * @return true if this executor terminated and + * false if the timeout elapsed before termination + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + */ + boolean awaitTermination(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + + /** + * Submits a value-returning task for execution and returns a + * Future representing the pending results of the task. The + * Future's get method will return the task's result upon + * successful completion. + * + *

+ * If you would like to immediately block waiting + * for a task, you can use constructions of the form + * result = exec.submit(aCallable).get(); + * + *

Note: The {@link Executors} class includes a set of methods + * that can convert some other common closure-like objects, + * for example, {@link java.security.PrivilegedAction} to + * {@link Callable} form so they can be submitted. + * + * @param task the task to submit + * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null + */ + Future submit(Callable task); + + /** + * Submits a Runnable task for execution and returns a Future + * representing that task. The Future's get method will + * return the given result upon successful completion. + * + * @param task the task to submit + * @param result the result to return + * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null + */ + Future submit(Runnable task, T result); + + /** + * Submits a Runnable task for execution and returns a Future + * representing that task. The Future's get method will + * return null upon successful completion. + * + * @param task the task to submit + * @return a Future representing pending completion of the task + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if the task is null + */ + Future submit(Runnable task); + + /** + * Executes the given tasks, returning a list of Futures holding + * their status and results when all complete. + * {@link Future#isDone} is true for each + * element of the returned list. + * Note that a completed task could have + * terminated either normally or by throwing an exception. + * The results of this method are undefined if the given + * collection is modified while this operation is in progress. + * + * @param tasks the collection of tasks + * @return A list of Futures representing the tasks, in the same + * sequential order as produced by the iterator for the + * given task list, each of which has completed. + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting, in + * which case unfinished tasks are cancelled. + * @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any of its elements are null + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if any task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + */ + + List> invokeAll(Collection> tasks) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Executes the given tasks, returning a list of Futures holding + * their status and results + * when all complete or the timeout expires, whichever happens first. + * {@link Future#isDone} is true for each + * element of the returned list. + * Upon return, tasks that have not completed are cancelled. + * Note that a completed task could have + * terminated either normally or by throwing an exception. + * The results of this method are undefined if the given + * collection is modified while this operation is in progress. + * + * @param tasks the collection of tasks + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * @return a list of Futures representing the tasks, in the same + * sequential order as produced by the iterator for the + * given task list. If the operation did not time out, + * each task will have completed. If it did time out, some + * of these tasks will not have completed. + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting, in + * which case unfinished tasks are cancelled + * @throws NullPointerException if tasks, any of its elements, or + * unit are null + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if any task cannot be scheduled + * for execution + */ + List> invokeAll(Collection> tasks, + long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Executes the given tasks, returning the result + * of one that has completed successfully (i.e., without throwing + * an exception), if any do. Upon normal or exceptional return, + * tasks that have not completed are cancelled. + * The results of this method are undefined if the given + * collection is modified while this operation is in progress. + * + * @param tasks the collection of tasks + * @return the result returned by one of the tasks + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws NullPointerException if tasks or any of its elements + * are null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if tasks is empty + * @throws ExecutionException if no task successfully completes + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if tasks cannot be scheduled + * for execution + */ + T invokeAny(Collection> tasks) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException; + + /** + * Executes the given tasks, returning the result + * of one that has completed successfully (i.e., without throwing + * an exception), if any do before the given timeout elapses. + * Upon normal or exceptional return, tasks that have not + * completed are cancelled. + * The results of this method are undefined if the given + * collection is modified while this operation is in progress. + * + * @param tasks the collection of tasks + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * @return the result returned by one of the tasks. + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting + * @throws NullPointerException if tasks, any of its elements, or + * unit are null + * @throws TimeoutException if the given timeout elapses before + * any task successfully completes + * @throws ExecutionException if no task successfully completes + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if tasks cannot be scheduled + * for execution + */ + T invokeAny(Collection> tasks, + long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException; +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executors.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executors.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..18e6b33cc --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Executors.java @@ -0,0 +1,666 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; +import java.security.AccessControlContext; +import java.security.AccessController; +import java.security.PrivilegedAction; +import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction; +import java.security.AccessControlException; + +/** + * Factory and utility methods for {@link Executor}, {@link + * ExecutorService}, {@link ScheduledExecutorService}, {@link + * ThreadFactory}, and {@link Callable} classes defined in this + * package. This class supports the following kinds of methods: + * + *

    + *
  • Methods that create and return an {@link ExecutorService} + * set up with commonly useful configuration settings. + *
  • Methods that create and return a {@link ScheduledExecutorService} + * set up with commonly useful configuration settings. + *
  • Methods that create and return a "wrapped" ExecutorService, that + * disables reconfiguration by making implementation-specific methods + * inaccessible. + *
  • Methods that create and return a {@link ThreadFactory} + * that sets newly created threads to a known state. + *
  • Methods that create and return a {@link Callable} + * out of other closure-like forms, so they can be used + * in execution methods requiring Callable. + *
+ * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class Executors { + + /** + * Creates a thread pool that reuses a fixed number of threads + * operating off a shared unbounded queue. At any point, at most + * nThreads threads will be active processing tasks. + * If additional tasks are submitted when all threads are active, + * they will wait in the queue until a thread is available. + * If any thread terminates due to a failure during execution + * prior to shutdown, a new one will take its place if needed to + * execute subsequent tasks. The threads in the pool will exist + * until it is explicitly {@link ExecutorService#shutdown shutdown}. + * + * @param nThreads the number of threads in the pool + * @return the newly created thread pool + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if nThreads <= 0 + */ + public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) { + return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads, + 0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, + new LinkedBlockingQueue()); + } + + /** + * Creates a thread pool that reuses a fixed number of threads + * operating off a shared unbounded queue, using the provided + * ThreadFactory to create new threads when needed. At any point, + * at most nThreads threads will be active processing + * tasks. If additional tasks are submitted when all threads are + * active, they will wait in the queue until a thread is + * available. If any thread terminates due to a failure during + * execution prior to shutdown, a new one will take its place if + * needed to execute subsequent tasks. The threads in the pool will + * exist until it is explicitly {@link ExecutorService#shutdown + * shutdown}. + * + * @param nThreads the number of threads in the pool + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when creating new threads + * @return the newly created thread pool + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if nThreads <= 0 + */ + public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads, ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads, + 0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, + new LinkedBlockingQueue(), + threadFactory); + } + + /** + * Creates an Executor that uses a single worker thread operating + * off an unbounded queue. (Note however that if this single + * thread terminates due to a failure during execution prior to + * shutdown, a new one will take its place if needed to execute + * subsequent tasks.) Tasks are guaranteed to execute + * sequentially, and no more than one task will be active at any + * given time. Unlike the otherwise equivalent + * newFixedThreadPool(1) the returned executor is + * guaranteed not to be reconfigurable to use additional threads. + * + * @return the newly created single-threaded Executor + */ + public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor() { + return new FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService + (new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 1, + 0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, + new LinkedBlockingQueue())); + } + + /** + * Creates an Executor that uses a single worker thread operating + * off an unbounded queue, and uses the provided ThreadFactory to + * create a new thread when needed. Unlike the otherwise + * equivalent newFixedThreadPool(1, threadFactory) the + * returned executor is guaranteed not to be reconfigurable to use + * additional threads. + * + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when creating new + * threads + * + * @return the newly created single-threaded Executor + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory is null + */ + public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor(ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + return new FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService + (new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 1, + 0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, + new LinkedBlockingQueue(), + threadFactory)); + } + + /** + * Creates a thread pool that creates new threads as needed, but + * will reuse previously constructed threads when they are + * available. These pools will typically improve the performance + * of programs that execute many short-lived asynchronous tasks. + * Calls to execute will reuse previously constructed + * threads if available. If no existing thread is available, a new + * thread will be created and added to the pool. Threads that have + * not been used for sixty seconds are terminated and removed from + * the cache. Thus, a pool that remains idle for long enough will + * not consume any resources. Note that pools with similar + * properties but different details (for example, timeout parameters) + * may be created using {@link ThreadPoolExecutor} constructors. + * + * @return the newly created thread pool + */ + public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool() { + return new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE, + 60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, + new SynchronousQueue()); + } + + /** + * Creates a thread pool that creates new threads as needed, but + * will reuse previously constructed threads when they are + * available, and uses the provided + * ThreadFactory to create new threads when needed. + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when creating new threads + * @return the newly created thread pool + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory is null + */ + public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool(ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + return new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE, + 60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS, + new SynchronousQueue(), + threadFactory); + } + + /** + * Creates a single-threaded executor that can schedule commands + * to run after a given delay, or to execute periodically. + * (Note however that if this single + * thread terminates due to a failure during execution prior to + * shutdown, a new one will take its place if needed to execute + * subsequent tasks.) Tasks are guaranteed to execute + * sequentially, and no more than one task will be active at any + * given time. Unlike the otherwise equivalent + * newScheduledThreadPool(1) the returned executor is + * guaranteed not to be reconfigurable to use additional threads. + * @return the newly created scheduled executor + */ + public static ScheduledExecutorService newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor() { + return new DelegatedScheduledExecutorService + (new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1)); + } + + /** + * Creates a single-threaded executor that can schedule commands + * to run after a given delay, or to execute periodically. (Note + * however that if this single thread terminates due to a failure + * during execution prior to shutdown, a new one will take its + * place if needed to execute subsequent tasks.) Tasks are + * guaranteed to execute sequentially, and no more than one task + * will be active at any given time. Unlike the otherwise + * equivalent newScheduledThreadPool(1, threadFactory) + * the returned executor is guaranteed not to be reconfigurable to + * use additional threads. + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when creating new + * threads + * @return a newly created scheduled executor + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory is null + */ + public static ScheduledExecutorService newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor(ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + return new DelegatedScheduledExecutorService + (new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1, threadFactory)); + } + + /** + * Creates a thread pool that can schedule commands to run after a + * given delay, or to execute periodically. + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, + * even if they are idle. + * @return a newly created scheduled thread pool + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize < 0 + */ + public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool(int corePoolSize) { + return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize); + } + + /** + * Creates a thread pool that can schedule commands to run after a + * given delay, or to execute periodically. + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, + * even if they are idle. + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor + * creates a new thread. + * @return a newly created scheduled thread pool + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize < 0 + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory is null + */ + public static ScheduledExecutorService newScheduledThreadPool( + int corePoolSize, ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + return new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize, threadFactory); + } + + + /** + * Returns an object that delegates all defined {@link + * ExecutorService} methods to the given executor, but not any + * other methods that might otherwise be accessible using + * casts. This provides a way to safely "freeze" configuration and + * disallow tuning of a given concrete implementation. + * @param executor the underlying implementation + * @return an ExecutorService instance + * @throws NullPointerException if executor null + */ + public static ExecutorService unconfigurableExecutorService(ExecutorService executor) { + if (executor == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new DelegatedExecutorService(executor); + } + + /** + * Returns an object that delegates all defined {@link + * ScheduledExecutorService} methods to the given executor, but + * not any other methods that might otherwise be accessible using + * casts. This provides a way to safely "freeze" configuration and + * disallow tuning of a given concrete implementation. + * @param executor the underlying implementation + * @return a ScheduledExecutorService instance + * @throws NullPointerException if executor null + */ + public static ScheduledExecutorService unconfigurableScheduledExecutorService(ScheduledExecutorService executor) { + if (executor == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new DelegatedScheduledExecutorService(executor); + } + + /** + * Returns a default thread factory used to create new threads. + * This factory creates all new threads used by an Executor in the + * same {@link ThreadGroup}. If there is a {@link + * java.lang.SecurityManager}, it uses the group of {@link + * System#getSecurityManager}, else the group of the thread + * invoking this defaultThreadFactory method. Each new + * thread is created as a non-daemon thread with priority set to + * the smaller of Thread.NORM_PRIORITY and the maximum + * priority permitted in the thread group. New threads have names + * accessible via {@link Thread#getName} of + * pool-N-thread-M, where N is the sequence + * number of this factory, and M is the sequence number + * of the thread created by this factory. + * @return a thread factory + */ + public static ThreadFactory defaultThreadFactory() { + return new DefaultThreadFactory(); + } + + /** + * Returns a thread factory used to create new threads that + * have the same permissions as the current thread. + * This factory creates threads with the same settings as {@link + * Executors#defaultThreadFactory}, additionally setting the + * AccessControlContext and contextClassLoader of new threads to + * be the same as the thread invoking this + * privilegedThreadFactory method. A new + * privilegedThreadFactory can be created within an + * {@link AccessController#doPrivileged} action setting the + * current thread's access control context to create threads with + * the selected permission settings holding within that action. + * + *

Note that while tasks running within such threads will have + * the same access control and class loader settings as the + * current thread, they need not have the same {@link + * java.lang.ThreadLocal} or {@link + * java.lang.InheritableThreadLocal} values. If necessary, + * particular values of thread locals can be set or reset before + * any task runs in {@link ThreadPoolExecutor} subclasses using + * {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#beforeExecute}. Also, if it is + * necessary to initialize worker threads to have the same + * InheritableThreadLocal settings as some other designated + * thread, you can create a custom ThreadFactory in which that + * thread waits for and services requests to create others that + * will inherit its values. + * + * @return a thread factory + * @throws AccessControlException if the current access control + * context does not have permission to both get and set context + * class loader. + */ + public static ThreadFactory privilegedThreadFactory() { + return new PrivilegedThreadFactory(); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Callable} object that, when + * called, runs the given task and returns the given result. This + * can be useful when applying methods requiring a + * Callable to an otherwise resultless action. + * @param task the task to run + * @param result the result to return + * @return a callable object + * @throws NullPointerException if task null + */ + public static Callable callable(Runnable task, T result) { + if (task == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new RunnableAdapter(task, result); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Callable} object that, when + * called, runs the given task and returns null. + * @param task the task to run + * @return a callable object + * @throws NullPointerException if task null + */ + public static Callable callable(Runnable task) { + if (task == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new RunnableAdapter(task, null); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Callable} object that, when + * called, runs the given privileged action and returns its result. + * @param action the privileged action to run + * @return a callable object + * @throws NullPointerException if action null + */ + public static Callable callable(final PrivilegedAction action) { + if (action == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new Callable() { + public Object call() { return action.run(); }}; + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Callable} object that, when + * called, runs the given privileged exception action and returns + * its result. + * @param action the privileged exception action to run + * @return a callable object + * @throws NullPointerException if action null + */ + public static Callable callable(final PrivilegedExceptionAction action) { + if (action == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new Callable() { + public Object call() throws Exception { return action.run(); }}; + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Callable} object that will, when + * called, execute the given callable under the current + * access control context. This method should normally be + * invoked within an {@link AccessController#doPrivileged} action + * to create callables that will, if possible, execute under the + * selected permission settings holding within that action; or if + * not possible, throw an associated {@link + * AccessControlException}. + * @param callable the underlying task + * @return a callable object + * @throws NullPointerException if callable null + * + */ + public static Callable privilegedCallable(Callable callable) { + if (callable == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new PrivilegedCallable(callable); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Callable} object that will, when + * called, execute the given callable under the current + * access control context, with the current context class loader + * as the context class loader. This method should normally be + * invoked within an {@link AccessController#doPrivileged} action + * to create callables that will, if possible, execute under the + * selected permission settings holding within that action; or if + * not possible, throw an associated {@link + * AccessControlException}. + * @param callable the underlying task + * + * @return a callable object + * @throws NullPointerException if callable null + * @throws AccessControlException if the current access control + * context does not have permission to both set and get context + * class loader. + */ + public static Callable privilegedCallableUsingCurrentClassLoader(Callable callable) { + if (callable == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return new PrivilegedCallableUsingCurrentClassLoader(callable); + } + + // Non-public classes supporting the public methods + + /** + * A callable that runs given task and returns given result + */ + static final class RunnableAdapter implements Callable { + final Runnable task; + final T result; + RunnableAdapter(Runnable task, T result) { + this.task = task; + this.result = result; + } + public T call() { + task.run(); + return result; + } + } + + /** + * A callable that runs under established access control settings + */ + static final class PrivilegedCallable implements Callable { + private final AccessControlContext acc; + private final Callable task; + private T result; + private Exception exception; + PrivilegedCallable(Callable task) { + this.task = task; + this.acc = AccessController.getContext(); + } + + public T call() throws Exception { + AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() { + public T run() { + try { + result = task.call(); + } catch (Exception ex) { + exception = ex; + } + return null; + } + }, acc); + if (exception != null) + throw exception; + else + return result; + } + } + + /** + * A callable that runs under established access control settings and + * current ClassLoader + */ + static final class PrivilegedCallableUsingCurrentClassLoader implements Callable { + private final ClassLoader ccl; + private final AccessControlContext acc; + private final Callable task; + private T result; + private Exception exception; + PrivilegedCallableUsingCurrentClassLoader(Callable task) { + this.task = task; + this.ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); + this.acc = AccessController.getContext(); + acc.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getContextClassLoader")); + acc.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("setContextClassLoader")); + } + + public T call() throws Exception { + AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() { + public T run() { + ClassLoader savedcl = null; + Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); + try { + ClassLoader cl = t.getContextClassLoader(); + if (ccl != cl) { + t.setContextClassLoader(ccl); + savedcl = cl; + } + result = task.call(); + } catch (Exception ex) { + exception = ex; + } finally { + if (savedcl != null) + t.setContextClassLoader(savedcl); + } + return null; + } + }, acc); + if (exception != null) + throw exception; + else + return result; + } + } + + /** + * The default thread factory + */ + static class DefaultThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory { + static final AtomicInteger poolNumber = new AtomicInteger(1); + final ThreadGroup group; + final AtomicInteger threadNumber = new AtomicInteger(1); + final String namePrefix; + + DefaultThreadFactory() { + SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager(); + group = (s != null)? s.getThreadGroup() : + Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(); + namePrefix = "pool-" + + poolNumber.getAndIncrement() + + "-thread-"; + } + + public Thread newThread(Runnable r) { + Thread t = new Thread(group, r, + namePrefix + threadNumber.getAndIncrement(), + 0); + if (t.isDaemon()) + t.setDaemon(false); + if (t.getPriority() != Thread.NORM_PRIORITY) + t.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY); + return t; + } + } + + /** + * Thread factory capturing access control and class loader + */ + static class PrivilegedThreadFactory extends DefaultThreadFactory { + private final ClassLoader ccl; + private final AccessControlContext acc; + + PrivilegedThreadFactory() { + super(); + this.ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); + this.acc = AccessController.getContext(); + acc.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("setContextClassLoader")); + } + + public Thread newThread(final Runnable r) { + return super.newThread(new Runnable() { + public void run() { + AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction() { + public Object run() { + Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(ccl); + r.run(); + return null; + } + }, acc); + } + }); + } + + } + + /** + * A wrapper class that exposes only the ExecutorService methods + * of an ExecutorService implementation. + */ + static class DelegatedExecutorService extends AbstractExecutorService { + private final ExecutorService e; + DelegatedExecutorService(ExecutorService executor) { e = executor; } + public void execute(Runnable command) { e.execute(command); } + public void shutdown() { e.shutdown(); } + public List shutdownNow() { return e.shutdownNow(); } + public boolean isShutdown() { return e.isShutdown(); } + public boolean isTerminated() { return e.isTerminated(); } + public boolean awaitTermination(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + return e.awaitTermination(timeout, unit); + } + public Future submit(Runnable task) { + return e.submit(task); + } + public Future submit(Callable task) { + return e.submit(task); + } + public Future submit(Runnable task, T result) { + return e.submit(task, result); + } + public List> invokeAll(Collection> tasks) + throws InterruptedException { + return e.invokeAll(tasks); + } + public List> invokeAll(Collection> tasks, + long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + return e.invokeAll(tasks, timeout, unit); + } + public T invokeAny(Collection> tasks) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { + return e.invokeAny(tasks); + } + public T invokeAny(Collection> tasks, + long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException { + return e.invokeAny(tasks, timeout, unit); + } + } + + static class FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService + extends DelegatedExecutorService { + FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService(ExecutorService executor) { + super(executor); + } + protected void finalize() { + super.shutdown(); + } + } + + /** + * A wrapper class that exposes only the ScheduledExecutorService + * methods of a ScheduledExecutorService implementation. + */ + static class DelegatedScheduledExecutorService + extends DelegatedExecutorService + implements ScheduledExecutorService { + private final ScheduledExecutorService e; + DelegatedScheduledExecutorService(ScheduledExecutorService executor) { + super(executor); + e = executor; + } + public ScheduledFuture schedule(Runnable command, long delay, TimeUnit unit) { + return e.schedule(command, delay, unit); + } + public ScheduledFuture schedule(Callable callable, long delay, TimeUnit unit) { + return e.schedule(callable, delay, unit); + } + public ScheduledFuture scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable command, long initialDelay, long period, TimeUnit unit) { + return e.scheduleAtFixedRate(command, initialDelay, period, unit); + } + public ScheduledFuture scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable command, long initialDelay, long delay, TimeUnit unit) { + return e.scheduleWithFixedDelay(command, initialDelay, delay, unit); + } + } + + + /** Cannot instantiate. */ + private Executors() {} +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Future.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Future.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0459ee453 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Future.java @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A Future represents the result of an asynchronous + * computation. Methods are provided to check if the computation is + * complete, to wait for its completion, and to retrieve the result of + * the computation. The result can only be retrieved using method + * get when the computation has completed, blocking if + * necessary until it is ready. Cancellation is performed by the + * cancel method. Additional methods are provided to + * determine if the task completed normally or was cancelled. Once a + * computation has completed, the computation cannot be cancelled. + * If you would like to use a Future for the sake + * of cancellability but not provide a usable result, you can + * declare types of the form Future<?> and + * return null as a result of the underlying task. + * + *

+ * Sample Usage (Note that the following classes are all + * made-up.)

+ * 

+ * interface ArchiveSearcher { String search(String target); }
+ * class App {
+ *   ExecutorService executor = ...
+ *   ArchiveSearcher searcher = ...
+ *   void showSearch(final String target)
+ *       throws InterruptedException {
+ *     Future<String> future
+ *       = executor.submit(new Callable<String>() {
+ *         public String call() {
+ *             return searcher.search(target);
+ *         }});
+ *     displayOtherThings(); // do other things while searching
+ *     try {
+ *       displayText(future.get()); // use future
+ *     } catch (ExecutionException ex) { cleanup(); return; }
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + * The {@link FutureTask} class is an implementation of Future that + * implements Runnable, and so may be executed by an Executor. + * For example, the above construction with submit could be replaced by: + * 
+ *     FutureTask<String> future =
+ *       new FutureTask<String>(new Callable<String>() {
+ *         public String call() {
+ *           return searcher.search(target);
+ *       }});
+ *     executor.execute(future);
+ *
+ * + *

Memory consistency effects: Actions taken by the asynchronous computation + * happen-before + * actions following the corresponding {@code Future.get()} in another thread. + * + * @see FutureTask + * @see Executor + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The result type returned by this Future's get method + */ +public interface Future { + + /** + * Attempts to cancel execution of this task. This attempt will + * fail if the task has already completed, has already been cancelled, + * or could not be cancelled for some other reason. If successful, + * and this task has not started when cancel is called, + * this task should never run. If the task has already started, + * then the mayInterruptIfRunning parameter determines + * whether the thread executing this task should be interrupted in + * an attempt to stop the task. + * + *

After this method returns, subsequent calls to {@link #isDone} will + * always return true. Subsequent calls to {@link #isCancelled} + * will always return true if this method returned true. + * + * @param mayInterruptIfRunning true if the thread executing this + * task should be interrupted; otherwise, in-progress tasks are allowed + * to complete + * @return false if the task could not be cancelled, + * typically because it has already completed normally; + * true otherwise + */ + boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning); + + /** + * Returns true if this task was cancelled before it completed + * normally. + * + * @return true if this task was cancelled before it completed + */ + boolean isCancelled(); + + /** + * Returns true if this task completed. + * + * Completion may be due to normal termination, an exception, or + * cancellation -- in all of these cases, this method will return + * true. + * + * @return true if this task completed + */ + boolean isDone(); + + /** + * Waits if necessary for the computation to complete, and then + * retrieves its result. + * + * @return the computed result + * @throws CancellationException if the computation was cancelled + * @throws ExecutionException if the computation threw an + * exception + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was interrupted + * while waiting + */ + V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException; + + /** + * Waits if necessary for at most the given time for the computation + * to complete, and then retrieves its result, if available. + * + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * @return the computed result + * @throws CancellationException if the computation was cancelled + * @throws ExecutionException if the computation threw an + * exception + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was interrupted + * while waiting + * @throws TimeoutException if the wait timed out + */ + V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException; +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..94742405d --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.java @@ -0,0 +1,325 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; + +/** + * A cancellable asynchronous computation. This class provides a base + * implementation of {@link Future}, with methods to start and cancel + * a computation, query to see if the computation is complete, and + * retrieve the result of the computation. The result can only be + * retrieved when the computation has completed; the get + * method will block if the computation has not yet completed. Once + * the computation has completed, the computation cannot be restarted + * or cancelled. + * + *

A FutureTask can be used to wrap a {@link Callable} or + * {@link java.lang.Runnable} object. Because FutureTask + * implements Runnable, a FutureTask can be + * submitted to an {@link Executor} for execution. + * + *

In addition to serving as a standalone class, this class provides + * protected functionality that may be useful when creating + * customized task classes. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The result type returned by this FutureTask's get method + */ +public class FutureTask implements RunnableFuture { + /** Synchronization control for FutureTask */ + private final Sync sync; + + /** + * Creates a FutureTask that will upon running, execute the + * given Callable. + * + * @param callable the callable task + * @throws NullPointerException if callable is null + */ + public FutureTask(Callable callable) { + if (callable == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + sync = new Sync(callable); + } + + /** + * Creates a FutureTask that will upon running, execute the + * given Runnable, and arrange that get will return the + * given result on successful completion. + * + * @param runnable the runnable task + * @param result the result to return on successful completion. If + * you don't need a particular result, consider using + * constructions of the form: + * Future<?> f = new FutureTask<Object>(runnable, null) + * @throws NullPointerException if runnable is null + */ + public FutureTask(Runnable runnable, V result) { + sync = new Sync(Executors.callable(runnable, result)); + } + + public boolean isCancelled() { + return sync.innerIsCancelled(); + } + + public boolean isDone() { + return sync.innerIsDone(); + } + + public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) { + return sync.innerCancel(mayInterruptIfRunning); + } + + /** + * @throws CancellationException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { + return sync.innerGet(); + } + + /** + * @throws CancellationException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException { + return sync.innerGet(unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Protected method invoked when this task transitions to state + * isDone (whether normally or via cancellation). The + * default implementation does nothing. Subclasses may override + * this method to invoke completion callbacks or perform + * bookkeeping. Note that you can query status inside the + * implementation of this method to determine whether this task + * has been cancelled. + */ + protected void done() { } + + /** + * Sets the result of this Future to the given value unless + * this future has already been set or has been cancelled. + * This method is invoked internally by the run method + * upon successful completion of the computation. + * @param v the value + */ + protected void set(V v) { + sync.innerSet(v); + } + + /** + * Causes this future to report an ExecutionException + * with the given throwable as its cause, unless this Future has + * already been set or has been cancelled. + * This method is invoked internally by the run method + * upon failure of the computation. + * @param t the cause of failure + */ + protected void setException(Throwable t) { + sync.innerSetException(t); + } + + // The following (duplicated) doc comment can be removed once + // + // 6270645: Javadoc comments should be inherited from most derived + // superinterface or superclass + // is fixed. + /** + * Sets this Future to the result of its computation + * unless it has been cancelled. + */ + public void run() { + sync.innerRun(); + } + + /** + * Executes the computation without setting its result, and then + * resets this Future to initial state, failing to do so if the + * computation encounters an exception or is cancelled. This is + * designed for use with tasks that intrinsically execute more + * than once. + * @return true if successfully run and reset + */ + protected boolean runAndReset() { + return sync.innerRunAndReset(); + } + + /** + * Synchronization control for FutureTask. Note that this must be + * a non-static inner class in order to invoke the protected + * done method. For clarity, all inner class support + * methods are same as outer, prefixed with "inner". + * + * Uses AQS sync state to represent run status + */ + private final class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -7828117401763700385L; + + /** State value representing that task is running */ + private static final int RUNNING = 1; + /** State value representing that task ran */ + private static final int RAN = 2; + /** State value representing that task was cancelled */ + private static final int CANCELLED = 4; + + /** The underlying callable */ + private final Callable callable; + /** The result to return from get() */ + private V result; + /** The exception to throw from get() */ + private Throwable exception; + + /** + * The thread running task. When nulled after set/cancel, this + * indicates that the results are accessible. Must be + * volatile, to ensure visibility upon completion. + */ + private volatile Thread runner; + + Sync(Callable callable) { + this.callable = callable; + } + + private boolean ranOrCancelled(int state) { + return (state & (RAN | CANCELLED)) != 0; + } + + /** + * Implements AQS base acquire to succeed if ran or cancelled + */ + protected int tryAcquireShared(int ignore) { + return innerIsDone()? 1 : -1; + } + + /** + * Implements AQS base release to always signal after setting + * final done status by nulling runner thread. + */ + protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int ignore) { + runner = null; + return true; + } + + boolean innerIsCancelled() { + return getState() == CANCELLED; + } + + boolean innerIsDone() { + return ranOrCancelled(getState()) && runner == null; + } + + V innerGet() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { + acquireSharedInterruptibly(0); + if (getState() == CANCELLED) + throw new CancellationException(); + if (exception != null) + throw new ExecutionException(exception); + return result; + } + + V innerGet(long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException { + if (!tryAcquireSharedNanos(0, nanosTimeout)) + throw new TimeoutException(); + if (getState() == CANCELLED) + throw new CancellationException(); + if (exception != null) + throw new ExecutionException(exception); + return result; + } + + void innerSet(V v) { + for (;;) { + int s = getState(); + if (s == RAN) + return; + if (s == CANCELLED) { + // aggressively release to set runner to null, + // in case we are racing with a cancel request + // that will try to interrupt runner + releaseShared(0); + return; + } + if (compareAndSetState(s, RAN)) { + result = v; + releaseShared(0); + done(); + return; + } + } + } + + void innerSetException(Throwable t) { + for (;;) { + int s = getState(); + if (s == RAN) + return; + if (s == CANCELLED) { + // aggressively release to set runner to null, + // in case we are racing with a cancel request + // that will try to interrupt runner + releaseShared(0); + return; + } + if (compareAndSetState(s, RAN)) { + exception = t; + result = null; + releaseShared(0); + done(); + return; + } + } + } + + boolean innerCancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) { + for (;;) { + int s = getState(); + if (ranOrCancelled(s)) + return false; + if (compareAndSetState(s, CANCELLED)) + break; + } + if (mayInterruptIfRunning) { + Thread r = runner; + if (r != null) + r.interrupt(); + } + releaseShared(0); + done(); + return true; + } + + void innerRun() { + if (!compareAndSetState(0, RUNNING)) + return; + try { + runner = Thread.currentThread(); + if (getState() == RUNNING) // recheck after setting thread + innerSet(callable.call()); + else + releaseShared(0); // cancel + } catch (Throwable ex) { + innerSetException(ex); + } + } + + boolean innerRunAndReset() { + if (!compareAndSetState(0, RUNNING)) + return false; + try { + runner = Thread.currentThread(); + if (getState() == RUNNING) + callable.call(); // don't set result + runner = null; + return compareAndSetState(RUNNING, 0); + } catch (Throwable ex) { + innerSetException(ex); + return false; + } + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingDeque.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingDeque.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2dc8fa877 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingDeque.java @@ -0,0 +1,1021 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; + +/** + * An optionally-bounded {@linkplain BlockingDeque blocking deque} based on + * linked nodes. + * + *

The optional capacity bound constructor argument serves as a + * way to prevent excessive expansion. The capacity, if unspecified, + * is equal to {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. Linked nodes are + * dynamically created upon each insertion unless this would bring the + * deque above capacity. + * + *

Most operations run in constant time (ignoring time spent + * blocking). Exceptions include {@link #remove(Object) remove}, + * {@link #removeFirstOccurrence removeFirstOccurrence}, {@link + * #removeLastOccurrence removeLastOccurrence}, {@link #contains + * contains}, {@link #iterator iterator.remove()}, and the bulk + * operations, all of which run in linear time. + * + *

This class and its iterator implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link + * Iterator} interfaces. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.6 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ +public class LinkedBlockingDeque + extends AbstractQueue + implements BlockingDeque, java.io.Serializable { + + /* + * Implemented as a simple doubly-linked list protected by a + * single lock and using conditions to manage blocking. + */ + + /* + * We have "diamond" multiple interface/abstract class inheritance + * here, and that introduces ambiguities. Often we want the + * BlockingDeque javadoc combined with the AbstractQueue + * implementation, so a lot of method specs are duplicated here. + */ + + private static final long serialVersionUID = -387911632671998426L; + + /** Doubly-linked list node class */ + static final class Node { + E item; + Node prev; + Node next; + Node(E x, Node p, Node n) { + item = x; + prev = p; + next = n; + } + } + + /** Pointer to first node */ + private transient Node first; + /** Pointer to last node */ + private transient Node last; + /** Number of items in the deque */ + private transient int count; + /** Maximum number of items in the deque */ + private final int capacity; + /** Main lock guarding all access */ + private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); + /** Condition for waiting takes */ + private final Condition notEmpty = lock.newCondition(); + /** Condition for waiting puts */ + private final Condition notFull = lock.newCondition(); + + /** + * Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with a capacity of + * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. + */ + public LinkedBlockingDeque() { + this(Integer.MAX_VALUE); + } + + /** + * Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with the given (fixed) capacity. + * + * @param capacity the capacity of this deque + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if capacity is less than 1 + */ + public LinkedBlockingDeque(int capacity) { + if (capacity <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + this.capacity = capacity; + } + + /** + * Creates a LinkedBlockingDeque with a capacity of + * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}, initially containing the elements of + * the given collection, added in traversal order of the + * collection's iterator. + * + * @param c the collection of elements to initially contain + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public LinkedBlockingDeque(Collection c) { + this(Integer.MAX_VALUE); + for (E e : c) + add(e); + } + + + // Basic linking and unlinking operations, called only while holding lock + + /** + * Links e as first element, or returns false if full. + */ + private boolean linkFirst(E e) { + if (count >= capacity) + return false; + ++count; + Node f = first; + Node x = new Node(e, null, f); + first = x; + if (last == null) + last = x; + else + f.prev = x; + notEmpty.signal(); + return true; + } + + /** + * Links e as last element, or returns false if full. + */ + private boolean linkLast(E e) { + if (count >= capacity) + return false; + ++count; + Node l = last; + Node x = new Node(e, l, null); + last = x; + if (first == null) + first = x; + else + l.next = x; + notEmpty.signal(); + return true; + } + + /** + * Removes and returns first element, or null if empty. + */ + private E unlinkFirst() { + Node f = first; + if (f == null) + return null; + Node n = f.next; + first = n; + if (n == null) + last = null; + else + n.prev = null; + --count; + notFull.signal(); + return f.item; + } + + /** + * Removes and returns last element, or null if empty. + */ + private E unlinkLast() { + Node l = last; + if (l == null) + return null; + Node p = l.prev; + last = p; + if (p == null) + first = null; + else + p.next = null; + --count; + notFull.signal(); + return l.item; + } + + /** + * Unlink e + */ + private void unlink(Node x) { + Node p = x.prev; + Node n = x.next; + if (p == null) { + if (n == null) + first = last = null; + else { + n.prev = null; + first = n; + } + } else if (n == null) { + p.next = null; + last = p; + } else { + p.next = n; + n.prev = p; + } + --count; + notFull.signalAll(); + } + + // BlockingDeque methods + + /** + * @throws IllegalStateException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void addFirst(E e) { + if (!offerFirst(e)) + throw new IllegalStateException("Deque full"); + } + + /** + * @throws IllegalStateException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void addLast(E e) { + if (!offerLast(e)) + throw new IllegalStateException("Deque full"); + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offerFirst(E e) { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + lock.lock(); + try { + return linkFirst(e); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offerLast(E e) { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + lock.lock(); + try { + return linkLast(e); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void putFirst(E e) throws InterruptedException { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + lock.lock(); + try { + while (!linkFirst(e)) + notFull.await(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void putLast(E e) throws InterruptedException { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + lock.lock(); + try { + while (!linkLast(e)) + notFull.await(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offerFirst(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + if (linkFirst(e)) + return true; + if (nanos <= 0) + return false; + nanos = notFull.awaitNanos(nanos); + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offerLast(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + if (linkLast(e)) + return true; + if (nanos <= 0) + return false; + nanos = notFull.awaitNanos(nanos); + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E removeFirst() { + E x = pollFirst(); + if (x == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); + return x; + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E removeLast() { + E x = pollLast(); + if (x == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); + return x; + } + + public E pollFirst() { + lock.lock(); + try { + return unlinkFirst(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E pollLast() { + lock.lock(); + try { + return unlinkLast(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E takeFirst() throws InterruptedException { + lock.lock(); + try { + E x; + while ( (x = unlinkFirst()) == null) + notEmpty.await(); + return x; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E takeLast() throws InterruptedException { + lock.lock(); + try { + E x; + while ( (x = unlinkLast()) == null) + notEmpty.await(); + return x; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E pollFirst(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + E x = unlinkFirst(); + if (x != null) + return x; + if (nanos <= 0) + return null; + nanos = notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos); + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E pollLast(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + E x = unlinkLast(); + if (x != null) + return x; + if (nanos <= 0) + return null; + nanos = notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos); + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E getFirst() { + E x = peekFirst(); + if (x == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); + return x; + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E getLast() { + E x = peekLast(); + if (x == null) throw new NoSuchElementException(); + return x; + } + + public E peekFirst() { + lock.lock(); + try { + return (first == null) ? null : first.item; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E peekLast() { + lock.lock(); + try { + return (last == null) ? null : last.item; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public boolean removeFirstOccurrence(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + lock.lock(); + try { + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) { + if (o.equals(p.item)) { + unlink(p); + return true; + } + } + return false; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public boolean removeLastOccurrence(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + lock.lock(); + try { + for (Node p = last; p != null; p = p.prev) { + if (o.equals(p.item)) { + unlink(p); + return true; + } + } + return false; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + // BlockingQueue methods + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the end of this deque unless it would + * violate capacity restrictions. When using a capacity-restricted deque, + * it is generally preferable to use method {@link #offer(Object) offer}. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #addLast}. + * + * @throws IllegalStateException if the element cannot be added at this + * time due to capacity restrictions + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean add(E e) { + addLast(e); + return true; + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e) { + return offerLast(e); + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException { + putLast(e); + } + + /** + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + return offerLast(e, timeout, unit); + } + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of the queue represented by this deque. + * This method differs from {@link #poll poll} only in that it throws an + * exception if this deque is empty. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #removeFirst() removeFirst}. + * + * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque + * @throws NoSuchElementException if this deque is empty + */ + public E remove() { + return removeFirst(); + } + + public E poll() { + return pollFirst(); + } + + public E take() throws InterruptedException { + return takeFirst(); + } + + public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + return pollFirst(timeout, unit); + } + + /** + * Retrieves, but does not remove, the head of the queue represented by + * this deque. This method differs from {@link #peek peek} only in that + * it throws an exception if this deque is empty. + * + *

This method is equivalent to {@link #getFirst() getFirst}. + * + * @return the head of the queue represented by this deque + * @throws NoSuchElementException if this deque is empty + */ + public E element() { + return getFirst(); + } + + public E peek() { + return peekFirst(); + } + + /** + * Returns the number of additional elements that this deque can ideally + * (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without + * blocking. This is always equal to the initial capacity of this deque + * less the current size of this deque. + * + *

Note that you cannot always tell if an attempt to insert + * an element will succeed by inspecting remainingCapacity + * because it may be the case that another thread is about to + * insert or remove an element. + */ + public int remainingCapacity() { + lock.lock(); + try { + return capacity - count; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + lock.lock(); + try { + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) + c.add(p.item); + int n = count; + count = 0; + first = last = null; + notFull.signalAll(); + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + lock.lock(); + try { + int n = 0; + while (n < maxElements && first != null) { + c.add(first.item); + first.prev = null; + first = first.next; + --count; + ++n; + } + if (first == null) + last = null; + notFull.signalAll(); + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + // Stack methods + + /** + * @throws IllegalStateException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void push(E e) { + addFirst(e); + } + + /** + * @throws NoSuchElementException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E pop() { + return removeFirst(); + } + + // Collection methods + + /** + * Removes the first occurrence of the specified element from this deque. + * If the deque does not contain the element, it is unchanged. + * More formally, removes the first element e such that + * o.equals(e) (if such an element exists). + * Returns true if this deque contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this deque changed as a result of the call). + * + *

This method is equivalent to + * {@link #removeFirstOccurrence(Object) removeFirstOccurrence}. + * + * @param o element to be removed from this deque, if present + * @return true if this deque changed as a result of the call + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + return removeFirstOccurrence(o); + } + + /** + * Returns the number of elements in this deque. + * + * @return the number of elements in this deque + */ + public int size() { + lock.lock(); + try { + return count; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns true if this deque contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns true if and only if this deque contains + * at least one element e such that o.equals(e). + * + * @param o object to be checked for containment in this deque + * @return true if this deque contains the specified element + */ + public boolean contains(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + lock.lock(); + try { + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) + if (o.equals(p.item)) + return true; + return false; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Variant of removeFirstOccurrence needed by iterator.remove. + * Searches for the node, not its contents. + */ + boolean removeNode(Node e) { + lock.lock(); + try { + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) { + if (p == e) { + unlink(p); + return true; + } + } + return false; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in + * proper sequence (from first to last element). + * + *

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are + * maintained by this deque. (In other words, this method must allocate + * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array. + * + *

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based + * APIs. + * + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque + */ + public Object[] toArray() { + lock.lock(); + try { + Object[] a = new Object[count]; + int k = 0; + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) + a[k++] = p.item; + return a; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this deque, in + * proper sequence; the runtime type of the returned array is that of + * the specified array. If the deque fits in the specified array, it + * is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the + * runtime type of the specified array and the size of this deque. + * + *

If this deque fits in the specified array with room to spare + * (i.e., the array has more elements than this deque), the element in + * the array immediately following the end of the deque is set to + * null. + * + *

Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between + * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows + * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, + * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs. + * + *

Suppose x is a deque known to contain only strings. + * The following code can be used to dump the deque into a newly + * allocated array of String: + * + * 

+     *     String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);
+ * + * Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to + * toArray(). + * + * @param a the array into which the elements of the deque are to + * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the + * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this deque + * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array + * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in + * this deque + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null + */ + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { + lock.lock(); + try { + if (a.length < count) + a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance( + a.getClass().getComponentType(), + count + ); + + int k = 0; + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) + a[k++] = (T)p.item; + if (a.length > k) + a[k] = null; + return a; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public String toString() { + lock.lock(); + try { + return super.toString(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Atomically removes all of the elements from this deque. + * The deque will be empty after this call returns. + */ + public void clear() { + lock.lock(); + try { + first = last = null; + count = 0; + notFull.signalAll(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence. + * The elements will be returned in order from first (head) to last (tail). + * The returned Iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that + * will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this deque in proper sequence + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return new Itr(); + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this deque in reverse + * sequential order. The elements will be returned in order from + * last (tail) to first (head). + * The returned Iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that + * will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + */ + public Iterator descendingIterator() { + return new DescendingItr(); + } + + /** + * Base class for Iterators for LinkedBlockingDeque + */ + private abstract class AbstractItr implements Iterator { + /** + * The next node to return in next + */ + Node next; + + /** + * nextItem holds on to item fields because once we claim that + * an element exists in hasNext(), we must return item read + * under lock (in advance()) even if it was in the process of + * being removed when hasNext() was called. + */ + E nextItem; + + /** + * Node returned by most recent call to next. Needed by remove. + * Reset to null if this element is deleted by a call to remove. + */ + private Node lastRet; + + AbstractItr() { + advance(); // set to initial position + } + + /** + * Advances next, or if not yet initialized, sets to first node. + * Implemented to move forward vs backward in the two subclasses. + */ + abstract void advance(); + + public boolean hasNext() { + return next != null; + } + + public E next() { + if (next == null) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + lastRet = next; + E x = nextItem; + advance(); + return x; + } + + public void remove() { + Node n = lastRet; + if (n == null) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + lastRet = null; + // Note: removeNode rescans looking for this node to make + // sure it was not already removed. Otherwise, trying to + // re-remove could corrupt list. + removeNode(n); + } + } + + /** Forward iterator */ + private class Itr extends AbstractItr { + void advance() { + final ReentrantLock lock = LinkedBlockingDeque.this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + next = (next == null)? first : next.next; + nextItem = (next == null)? null : next.item; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + } + + /** + * Descending iterator for LinkedBlockingDeque + */ + private class DescendingItr extends AbstractItr { + void advance() { + final ReentrantLock lock = LinkedBlockingDeque.this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + next = (next == null)? last : next.prev; + nextItem = (next == null)? null : next.item; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + } + + /** + * Save the state of this deque to a stream (that is, serialize it). + * + * @serialData The capacity (int), followed by elements (each an + * Object) in the proper order, followed by a null + * @param s the stream + */ + private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException { + lock.lock(); + try { + // Write out capacity and any hidden stuff + s.defaultWriteObject(); + // Write out all elements in the proper order. + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) + s.writeObject(p.item); + // Use trailing null as sentinel + s.writeObject(null); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Reconstitute this deque from a stream (that is, + * deserialize it). + * @param s the stream + */ + private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + s.defaultReadObject(); + count = 0; + first = null; + last = null; + // Read in all elements and place in queue + for (;;) { + E item = (E)s.readObject(); + if (item == null) + break; + add(item); + } + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingQueue.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingQueue.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..62018096a --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/LinkedBlockingQueue.java @@ -0,0 +1,807 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An optionally-bounded {@linkplain BlockingQueue blocking queue} based on + * linked nodes. + * This queue orders elements FIFO (first-in-first-out). + * The head of the queue is that element that has been on the + * queue the longest time. + * The tail of the queue is that element that has been on the + * queue the shortest time. New elements + * are inserted at the tail of the queue, and the queue retrieval + * operations obtain elements at the head of the queue. + * Linked queues typically have higher throughput than array-based queues but + * less predictable performance in most concurrent applications. + * + *

The optional capacity bound constructor argument serves as a + * way to prevent excessive queue expansion. The capacity, if unspecified, + * is equal to {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. Linked nodes are + * dynamically created upon each insertion unless this would bring the + * queue above capacity. + * + *

This class and its iterator implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link + * Iterator} interfaces. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + * + */ +public class LinkedBlockingQueue extends AbstractQueue + implements BlockingQueue, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -6903933977591709194L; + + /* + * A variant of the "two lock queue" algorithm. The putLock gates + * entry to put (and offer), and has an associated condition for + * waiting puts. Similarly for the takeLock. The "count" field + * that they both rely on is maintained as an atomic to avoid + * needing to get both locks in most cases. Also, to minimize need + * for puts to get takeLock and vice-versa, cascading notifies are + * used. When a put notices that it has enabled at least one take, + * it signals taker. That taker in turn signals others if more + * items have been entered since the signal. And symmetrically for + * takes signalling puts. Operations such as remove(Object) and + * iterators acquire both locks. + */ + + /** + * Linked list node class + */ + static class Node { + /** The item, volatile to ensure barrier separating write and read */ + volatile E item; + Node next; + Node(E x) { item = x; } + } + + /** The capacity bound, or Integer.MAX_VALUE if none */ + private final int capacity; + + /** Current number of elements */ + private final AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger(0); + + /** Head of linked list */ + private transient Node head; + + /** Tail of linked list */ + private transient Node last; + + /** Lock held by take, poll, etc */ + private final ReentrantLock takeLock = new ReentrantLock(); + + /** Wait queue for waiting takes */ + private final Condition notEmpty = takeLock.newCondition(); + + /** Lock held by put, offer, etc */ + private final ReentrantLock putLock = new ReentrantLock(); + + /** Wait queue for waiting puts */ + private final Condition notFull = putLock.newCondition(); + + /** + * Signals a waiting take. Called only from put/offer (which do not + * otherwise ordinarily lock takeLock.) + */ + private void signalNotEmpty() { + final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock; + takeLock.lock(); + try { + notEmpty.signal(); + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Signals a waiting put. Called only from take/poll. + */ + private void signalNotFull() { + final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock; + putLock.lock(); + try { + notFull.signal(); + } finally { + putLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Creates a node and links it at end of queue. + * @param x the item + */ + private void insert(E x) { + last = last.next = new Node(x); + } + + /** + * Removes a node from head of queue, + * @return the node + */ + private E extract() { + Node first = head.next; + head = first; + E x = first.item; + first.item = null; + return x; + } + + /** + * Lock to prevent both puts and takes. + */ + private void fullyLock() { + putLock.lock(); + takeLock.lock(); + } + + /** + * Unlock to allow both puts and takes. + */ + private void fullyUnlock() { + takeLock.unlock(); + putLock.unlock(); + } + + + /** + * Creates a LinkedBlockingQueue with a capacity of + * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. + */ + public LinkedBlockingQueue() { + this(Integer.MAX_VALUE); + } + + /** + * Creates a LinkedBlockingQueue with the given (fixed) capacity. + * + * @param capacity the capacity of this queue + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if capacity is not greater + * than zero + */ + public LinkedBlockingQueue(int capacity) { + if (capacity <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + this.capacity = capacity; + last = head = new Node(null); + } + + /** + * Creates a LinkedBlockingQueue with a capacity of + * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}, initially containing the elements of the + * given collection, + * added in traversal order of the collection's iterator. + * + * @param c the collection of elements to initially contain + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public LinkedBlockingQueue(Collection c) { + this(Integer.MAX_VALUE); + for (E e : c) + add(e); + } + + + // this doc comment is overridden to remove the reference to collections + // greater in size than Integer.MAX_VALUE + /** + * Returns the number of elements in this queue. + * + * @return the number of elements in this queue + */ + public int size() { + return count.get(); + } + + // this doc comment is a modified copy of the inherited doc comment, + // without the reference to unlimited queues. + /** + * Returns the number of additional elements that this queue can ideally + * (in the absence of memory or resource constraints) accept without + * blocking. This is always equal to the initial capacity of this queue + * less the current size of this queue. + * + *

Note that you cannot always tell if an attempt to insert + * an element will succeed by inspecting remainingCapacity + * because it may be the case that another thread is about to + * insert or remove an element. + */ + public int remainingCapacity() { + return capacity - count.get(); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting if + * necessary for space to become available. + * + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + // Note: convention in all put/take/etc is to preset + // local var holding count negative to indicate failure unless set. + int c = -1; + final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock; + final AtomicInteger count = this.count; + putLock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + /* + * Note that count is used in wait guard even though it is + * not protected by lock. This works because count can + * only decrease at this point (all other puts are shut + * out by lock), and we (or some other waiting put) are + * signalled if it ever changes from + * capacity. Similarly for all other uses of count in + * other wait guards. + */ + try { + while (count.get() == capacity) + notFull.await(); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notFull.signal(); // propagate to a non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + insert(e); + c = count.getAndIncrement(); + if (c + 1 < capacity) + notFull.signal(); + } finally { + putLock.unlock(); + } + if (c == 0) + signalNotEmpty(); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting if + * necessary up to the specified wait time for space to become available. + * + * @return true if successful, or false if + * the specified waiting time elapses before space is available. + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + int c = -1; + final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock; + final AtomicInteger count = this.count; + putLock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + if (count.get() < capacity) { + insert(e); + c = count.getAndIncrement(); + if (c + 1 < capacity) + notFull.signal(); + break; + } + if (nanos <= 0) + return false; + try { + nanos = notFull.awaitNanos(nanos); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notFull.signal(); // propagate to a non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + } + } finally { + putLock.unlock(); + } + if (c == 0) + signalNotEmpty(); + return true; + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is + * possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity, + * returning true upon success and false if this queue + * is full. + * When using a capacity-restricted queue, this method is generally + * preferable to method {@link BlockingQueue#add add}, which can fail to + * insert an element only by throwing an exception. + * + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e) { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + final AtomicInteger count = this.count; + if (count.get() == capacity) + return false; + int c = -1; + final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock; + putLock.lock(); + try { + if (count.get() < capacity) { + insert(e); + c = count.getAndIncrement(); + if (c + 1 < capacity) + notFull.signal(); + } + } finally { + putLock.unlock(); + } + if (c == 0) + signalNotEmpty(); + return c >= 0; + } + + + public E take() throws InterruptedException { + E x; + int c = -1; + final AtomicInteger count = this.count; + final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock; + takeLock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + try { + while (count.get() == 0) + notEmpty.await(); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notEmpty.signal(); // propagate to a non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + + x = extract(); + c = count.getAndDecrement(); + if (c > 1) + notEmpty.signal(); + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + } + if (c == capacity) + signalNotFull(); + return x; + } + + public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + E x = null; + int c = -1; + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + final AtomicInteger count = this.count; + final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock; + takeLock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + if (count.get() > 0) { + x = extract(); + c = count.getAndDecrement(); + if (c > 1) + notEmpty.signal(); + break; + } + if (nanos <= 0) + return null; + try { + nanos = notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notEmpty.signal(); // propagate to a non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + } + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + } + if (c == capacity) + signalNotFull(); + return x; + } + + public E poll() { + final AtomicInteger count = this.count; + if (count.get() == 0) + return null; + E x = null; + int c = -1; + final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock; + takeLock.lock(); + try { + if (count.get() > 0) { + x = extract(); + c = count.getAndDecrement(); + if (c > 1) + notEmpty.signal(); + } + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + } + if (c == capacity) + signalNotFull(); + return x; + } + + + public E peek() { + if (count.get() == 0) + return null; + final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock; + takeLock.lock(); + try { + Node first = head.next; + if (first == null) + return null; + else + return first.item; + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, + * if it is present. More formally, removes an element e such + * that o.equals(e), if this queue contains one or more such + * elements. + * Returns true if this queue contained the specified element + * (or equivalently, if this queue changed as a result of the call). + * + * @param o element to be removed from this queue, if present + * @return true if this queue changed as a result of the call + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + if (o == null) return false; + boolean removed = false; + fullyLock(); + try { + Node trail = head; + Node p = head.next; + while (p != null) { + if (o.equals(p.item)) { + removed = true; + break; + } + trail = p; + p = p.next; + } + if (removed) { + p.item = null; + trail.next = p.next; + if (last == p) + last = trail; + if (count.getAndDecrement() == capacity) + notFull.signalAll(); + } + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + return removed; + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in + * proper sequence. + * + *

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are + * maintained by this queue. (In other words, this method must allocate + * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array. + * + *

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based + * APIs. + * + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + */ + public Object[] toArray() { + fullyLock(); + try { + int size = count.get(); + Object[] a = new Object[size]; + int k = 0; + for (Node p = head.next; p != null; p = p.next) + a[k++] = p.item; + return a; + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue, in + * proper sequence; the runtime type of the returned array is that of + * the specified array. If the queue fits in the specified array, it + * is returned therein. Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the + * runtime type of the specified array and the size of this queue. + * + *

If this queue fits in the specified array with room to spare + * (i.e., the array has more elements than this queue), the element in + * the array immediately following the end of the queue is set to + * null. + * + *

Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between + * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows + * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, + * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs. + * + *

Suppose x is a queue known to contain only strings. + * The following code can be used to dump the queue into a newly + * allocated array of String: + * + * 

+     *     String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);
+ * + * Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to + * toArray(). + * + * @param a the array into which the elements of the queue are to + * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the + * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array + * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in + * this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null + */ + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { + fullyLock(); + try { + int size = count.get(); + if (a.length < size) + a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance + (a.getClass().getComponentType(), size); + + int k = 0; + for (Node p = head.next; p != null; p = p.next) + a[k++] = (T)p.item; + if (a.length > k) + a[k] = null; + return a; + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + } + + public String toString() { + fullyLock(); + try { + return super.toString(); + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Atomically removes all of the elements from this queue. + * The queue will be empty after this call returns. + */ + public void clear() { + fullyLock(); + try { + head.next = null; + assert head.item == null; + last = head; + if (count.getAndSet(0) == capacity) + notFull.signalAll(); + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + Node first; + fullyLock(); + try { + first = head.next; + head.next = null; + assert head.item == null; + last = head; + if (count.getAndSet(0) == capacity) + notFull.signalAll(); + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + // Transfer the elements outside of locks + int n = 0; + for (Node p = first; p != null; p = p.next) { + c.add(p.item); + p.item = null; + ++n; + } + return n; + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + fullyLock(); + try { + int n = 0; + Node p = head.next; + while (p != null && n < maxElements) { + c.add(p.item); + p.item = null; + p = p.next; + ++n; + } + if (n != 0) { + head.next = p; + assert head.item == null; + if (p == null) + last = head; + if (count.getAndAdd(-n) == capacity) + notFull.signalAll(); + } + return n; + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence. + * The returned Iterator is a "weakly consistent" iterator that + * will never throw {@link ConcurrentModificationException}, + * and guarantees to traverse elements as they existed upon + * construction of the iterator, and may (but is not guaranteed to) + * reflect any modifications subsequent to construction. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this queue in proper sequence + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return new Itr(); + } + + private class Itr implements Iterator { + /* + * Basic weak-consistent iterator. At all times hold the next + * item to hand out so that if hasNext() reports true, we will + * still have it to return even if lost race with a take etc. + */ + private Node current; + private Node lastRet; + private E currentElement; + + Itr() { + final ReentrantLock putLock = LinkedBlockingQueue.this.putLock; + final ReentrantLock takeLock = LinkedBlockingQueue.this.takeLock; + putLock.lock(); + takeLock.lock(); + try { + current = head.next; + if (current != null) + currentElement = current.item; + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + putLock.unlock(); + } + } + + public boolean hasNext() { + return current != null; + } + + public E next() { + final ReentrantLock putLock = LinkedBlockingQueue.this.putLock; + final ReentrantLock takeLock = LinkedBlockingQueue.this.takeLock; + putLock.lock(); + takeLock.lock(); + try { + if (current == null) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + E x = currentElement; + lastRet = current; + current = current.next; + if (current != null) + currentElement = current.item; + return x; + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + putLock.unlock(); + } + } + + public void remove() { + if (lastRet == null) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + final ReentrantLock putLock = LinkedBlockingQueue.this.putLock; + final ReentrantLock takeLock = LinkedBlockingQueue.this.takeLock; + putLock.lock(); + takeLock.lock(); + try { + Node node = lastRet; + lastRet = null; + Node trail = head; + Node p = head.next; + while (p != null && p != node) { + trail = p; + p = p.next; + } + if (p == node) { + p.item = null; + trail.next = p.next; + if (last == p) + last = trail; + int c = count.getAndDecrement(); + if (c == capacity) + notFull.signalAll(); + } + } finally { + takeLock.unlock(); + putLock.unlock(); + } + } + } + + /** + * Save the state to a stream (that is, serialize it). + * + * @serialData The capacity is emitted (int), followed by all of + * its elements (each an Object) in the proper order, + * followed by a null + * @param s the stream + */ + private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException { + + fullyLock(); + try { + // Write out any hidden stuff, plus capacity + s.defaultWriteObject(); + + // Write out all elements in the proper order. + for (Node p = head.next; p != null; p = p.next) + s.writeObject(p.item); + + // Use trailing null as sentinel + s.writeObject(null); + } finally { + fullyUnlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Reconstitute this queue instance from a stream (that is, + * deserialize it). + * @param s the stream + */ + private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + // Read in capacity, and any hidden stuff + s.defaultReadObject(); + + count.set(0); + last = head = new Node(null); + + // Read in all elements and place in queue + for (;;) { + E item = (E)s.readObject(); + if (item == null) + break; + add(item); + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/PriorityBlockingQueue.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/PriorityBlockingQueue.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9466aa477 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/PriorityBlockingQueue.java @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An unbounded {@linkplain BlockingQueue blocking queue} that uses + * the same ordering rules as class {@link PriorityQueue} and supplies + * blocking retrieval operations. While this queue is logically + * unbounded, attempted additions may fail due to resource exhaustion + * (causing OutOfMemoryError). This class does not permit + * null elements. A priority queue relying on {@linkplain + * Comparable natural ordering} also does not permit insertion of + * non-comparable objects (doing so results in + * ClassCastException). + * + *

This class and its iterator implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link + * Iterator} interfaces. The Iterator provided in method {@link + * #iterator()} is not guaranteed to traverse the elements of + * the PriorityBlockingQueue in any particular order. If you need + * ordered traversal, consider using + * Arrays.sort(pq.toArray()). Also, method drainTo + * can be used to remove some or all elements in priority + * order and place them in another collection. + * + *

Operations on this class make no guarantees about the ordering + * of elements with equal priority. If you need to enforce an + * ordering, you can define custom classes or comparators that use a + * secondary key to break ties in primary priority values. For + * example, here is a class that applies first-in-first-out + * tie-breaking to comparable elements. To use it, you would insert a + * new FIFOEntry(anEntry) instead of a plain entry object. + * + * 

+ * class FIFOEntry<E extends Comparable<? super E>>
+ *     implements Comparable<FIFOEntry<E>> {
+ *   final static AtomicLong seq = new AtomicLong();
+ *   final long seqNum;
+ *   final E entry;
+ *   public FIFOEntry(E entry) {
+ *     seqNum = seq.getAndIncrement();
+ *     this.entry = entry;
+ *   }
+ *   public E getEntry() { return entry; }
+ *   public int compareTo(FIFOEntry<E> other) {
+ *     int res = entry.compareTo(other.entry);
+ *     if (res == 0 && other.entry != this.entry)
+ *       res = (seqNum < other.seqNum ? -1 : 1);
+ *     return res;
+ *   }
+ * }
+ * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ +public class PriorityBlockingQueue extends AbstractQueue + implements BlockingQueue, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 5595510919245408276L; + + private final PriorityQueue q; + private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(true); + private final Condition notEmpty = lock.newCondition(); + + /** + * Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue with the default + * initial capacity (11) that orders its elements according to + * their {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering}. + */ + public PriorityBlockingQueue() { + q = new PriorityQueue(); + } + + /** + * Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue with the specified + * initial capacity that orders its elements according to their + * {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering}. + * + * @param initialCapacity the initial capacity for this priority queue + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if initialCapacity is less + * than 1 + */ + public PriorityBlockingQueue(int initialCapacity) { + q = new PriorityQueue(initialCapacity, null); + } + + /** + * Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue with the specified initial + * capacity that orders its elements according to the specified + * comparator. + * + * @param initialCapacity the initial capacity for this priority queue + * @param comparator the comparator that will be used to order this + * priority queue. If {@code null}, the {@linkplain Comparable + * natural ordering} of the elements will be used. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if initialCapacity is less + * than 1 + */ + public PriorityBlockingQueue(int initialCapacity, + Comparator comparator) { + q = new PriorityQueue(initialCapacity, comparator); + } + + /** + * Creates a PriorityBlockingQueue containing the elements + * in the specified collection. If the specified collection is a + * {@link SortedSet} or a {@link PriorityQueue}, this + * priority queue will be ordered according to the same ordering. + * Otherwise, this priority queue will be ordered according to the + * {@linkplain Comparable natural ordering} of its elements. + * + * @param c the collection whose elements are to be placed + * into this priority queue + * @throws ClassCastException if elements of the specified collection + * cannot be compared to one another according to the priority + * queue's ordering + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified collection or any + * of its elements are null + */ + public PriorityBlockingQueue(Collection c) { + q = new PriorityQueue(c); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this priority queue. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true (as specified by {@link Collection#add}) + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be compared + * with elements currently in the priority queue according to the + * priority queue's ordering + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean add(E e) { + return offer(e); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this priority queue. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true (as specified by {@link Queue#offer}) + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be compared + * with elements currently in the priority queue according to the + * priority queue's ordering + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e) { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + boolean ok = q.offer(e); + assert ok; + notEmpty.signal(); + return true; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this priority queue. As the queue is + * unbounded this method will never block. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be compared + * with elements currently in the priority queue according to the + * priority queue's ordering + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public void put(E e) { + offer(e); // never need to block + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this priority queue. As the queue is + * unbounded this method will never block. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @param timeout This parameter is ignored as the method never blocks + * @param unit This parameter is ignored as the method never blocks + * @return true + * @throws ClassCastException if the specified element cannot be compared + * with elements currently in the priority queue according to the + * priority queue's ordering + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) { + return offer(e); // never need to block + } + + public E poll() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.poll(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E take() throws InterruptedException { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + try { + while (q.size() == 0) + notEmpty.await(); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notEmpty.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + E x = q.poll(); + assert x != null; + return x; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lockInterruptibly(); + try { + for (;;) { + E x = q.poll(); + if (x != null) + return x; + if (nanos <= 0) + return null; + try { + nanos = notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos); + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + notEmpty.signal(); // propagate to non-interrupted thread + throw ie; + } + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + public E peek() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.peek(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the comparator used to order the elements in this queue, + * or null if this queue uses the {@linkplain Comparable + * natural ordering} of its elements. + * + * @return the comparator used to order the elements in this queue, + * or null if this queue uses the natural + * ordering of its elements + */ + public Comparator comparator() { + return q.comparator(); + } + + public int size() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.size(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Always returns Integer.MAX_VALUE because + * a PriorityBlockingQueue is not capacity constrained. + * @return Integer.MAX_VALUE + */ + public int remainingCapacity() { + return Integer.MAX_VALUE; + } + + /** + * Removes a single instance of the specified element from this queue, + * if it is present. More formally, removes an element {@code e} such + * that {@code o.equals(e)}, if this queue contains one or more such + * elements. Returns {@code true} if and only if this queue contained + * the specified element (or equivalently, if this queue changed as a + * result of the call). + * + * @param o element to be removed from this queue, if present + * @return true if this queue changed as a result of the call + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.remove(o); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns {@code true} if this queue contains the specified element. + * More formally, returns {@code true} if and only if this queue contains + * at least one element {@code e} such that {@code o.equals(e)}. + * + * @param o object to be checked for containment in this queue + * @return true if this queue contains the specified element + */ + public boolean contains(Object o) { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.contains(o); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue. + * The returned array elements are in no particular order. + * + *

The returned array will be "safe" in that no references to it are + * maintained by this queue. (In other words, this method must allocate + * a new array). The caller is thus free to modify the returned array. + * + *

This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based + * APIs. + * + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + */ + public Object[] toArray() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.toArray(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + + public String toString() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.toString(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int n = 0; + E e; + while ( (e = q.poll()) != null) { + c.add(e); + ++n; + } + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + if (maxElements <= 0) + return 0; + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + int n = 0; + E e; + while (n < maxElements && (e = q.poll()) != null) { + c.add(e); + ++n; + } + return n; + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Atomically removes all of the elements from this queue. + * The queue will be empty after this call returns. + */ + public void clear() { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + q.clear(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this queue; the + * runtime type of the returned array is that of the specified array. + * The returned array elements are in no particular order. + * If the queue fits in the specified array, it is returned therein. + * Otherwise, a new array is allocated with the runtime type of the + * specified array and the size of this queue. + * + *

If this queue fits in the specified array with room to spare + * (i.e., the array has more elements than this queue), the element in + * the array immediately following the end of the queue is set to + * null. + * + *

Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between + * array-based and collection-based APIs. Further, this method allows + * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may, + * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs. + * + *

Suppose x is a queue known to contain only strings. + * The following code can be used to dump the queue into a newly + * allocated array of String: + * + * 

+     *     String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);
+ * + * Note that toArray(new Object[0]) is identical in function to + * toArray(). + * + * @param a the array into which the elements of the queue are to + * be stored, if it is big enough; otherwise, a new array of the + * same runtime type is allocated for this purpose + * @return an array containing all of the elements in this queue + * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of the specified array + * is not a supertype of the runtime type of every element in + * this queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null + */ + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { + final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock; + lock.lock(); + try { + return q.toArray(a); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an iterator over the elements in this queue. The + * iterator does not return the elements in any particular order. + * The returned Iterator is a "weakly consistent" + * iterator that will never throw {@link + * ConcurrentModificationException}, and guarantees to traverse + * elements as they existed upon construction of the iterator, and + * may (but is not guaranteed to) reflect any modifications + * subsequent to construction. + * + * @return an iterator over the elements in this queue + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return new Itr(toArray()); + } + + /** + * Snapshot iterator that works off copy of underlying q array. + */ + private class Itr implements Iterator { + final Object[] array; // Array of all elements + int cursor; // index of next element to return; + int lastRet; // index of last element, or -1 if no such + + Itr(Object[] array) { + lastRet = -1; + this.array = array; + } + + public boolean hasNext() { + return cursor < array.length; + } + + public E next() { + if (cursor >= array.length) + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + lastRet = cursor; + return (E)array[cursor++]; + } + + public void remove() { + if (lastRet < 0) + throw new IllegalStateException(); + Object x = array[lastRet]; + lastRet = -1; + // Traverse underlying queue to find == element, + // not just a .equals element. + lock.lock(); + try { + for (Iterator it = q.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) { + if (it.next() == x) { + it.remove(); + return; + } + } + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + } + + /** + * Saves the state to a stream (that is, serializes it). This + * merely wraps default serialization within lock. The + * serialization strategy for items is left to underlying + * Queue. Note that locking is not needed on deserialization, so + * readObject is not defined, just relying on default. + */ + private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException { + lock.lock(); + try { + s.defaultWriteObject(); + } finally { + lock.unlock(); + } + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionException.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionException.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..30b043d66 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionException.java @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * Exception thrown by an {@link Executor} when a task cannot be + * accepted for execution. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class RejectedExecutionException extends RuntimeException { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -375805702767069545L; + + /** + * Constructs a RejectedExecutionException with no detail message. + * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be + * initialized by a call to {@link #initCause(Throwable) initCause}. + */ + public RejectedExecutionException() { } + + /** + * Constructs a RejectedExecutionException with the + * specified detail message. The cause is not initialized, and may + * subsequently be initialized by a call to {@link + * #initCause(Throwable) initCause}. + * + * @param message the detail message + */ + public RejectedExecutionException(String message) { + super(message); + } + + /** + * Constructs a RejectedExecutionException with the + * specified detail message and cause. + * + * @param message the detail message + * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the + * {@link #getCause()} method) + */ + public RejectedExecutionException(String message, Throwable cause) { + super(message, cause); + } + + /** + * Constructs a RejectedExecutionException with the + * specified cause. The detail message is set to: 
 (cause ==
+     * null ? null : cause.toString())
(which typically contains + * the class and detail message of cause). + * + * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the + * {@link #getCause()} method) + */ + public RejectedExecutionException(Throwable cause) { + super(cause); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionHandler.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionHandler.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4b4bbeab1 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RejectedExecutionHandler.java @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A handler for tasks that cannot be executed by a {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor}. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface RejectedExecutionHandler { + + /** + * Method that may be invoked by a {@link ThreadPoolExecutor} when + * execute cannot accept a task. This may occur when no + * more threads or queue slots are available because their bounds + * would be exceeded, or upon shutdown of the Executor. + * + * In the absence other alternatives, the method may throw an + * unchecked {@link RejectedExecutionException}, which will be + * propagated to the caller of execute. + * + * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed + * @param executor the executor attempting to execute this task + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if there is no remedy + */ + void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor executor); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableFuture.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableFuture.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d74211d13 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableFuture.java @@ -0,0 +1,25 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A {@link Future} that is {@link Runnable}. Successful execution of + * the run method causes completion of the Future + * and allows access to its results. + * @see FutureTask + * @see Executor + * @since 1.6 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The result type returned by this Future's get method + */ +public interface RunnableFuture extends Runnable, Future { + /** + * Sets this Future to the result of its computation + * unless it has been cancelled. + */ + void run(); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableScheduledFuture.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableScheduledFuture.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0e8cc328c --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/RunnableScheduledFuture.java @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A {@link ScheduledFuture} that is {@link Runnable}. Successful + * execution of the run method causes completion of the + * Future and allows access to its results. + * @see FutureTask + * @see Executor + * @since 1.6 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The result type returned by this Future's get method + */ +public interface RunnableScheduledFuture extends RunnableFuture, ScheduledFuture { + + /** + * Returns true if this is a periodic task. A periodic task may + * re-run according to some schedule. A non-periodic task can be + * run only once. + * + * @return true if this task is periodic + */ + boolean isPeriodic(); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledExecutorService.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledExecutorService.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c170c4a52 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledExecutorService.java @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An {@link ExecutorService} that can schedule commands to run after a given + * delay, or to execute periodically. + * + *

The schedule methods create tasks with various delays + * and return a task object that can be used to cancel or check + * execution. The scheduleAtFixedRate and + * scheduleWithFixedDelay methods create and execute tasks + * that run periodically until cancelled. + * + *

Commands submitted using the {@link Executor#execute} and + * {@link ExecutorService} submit methods are scheduled with + * a requested delay of zero. Zero and negative delays (but not + * periods) are also allowed in schedule methods, and are + * treated as requests for immediate execution. + * + *

All schedule methods accept relative delays and + * periods as arguments, not absolute times or dates. It is a simple + * matter to transform an absolute time represented as a {@link + * java.util.Date} to the required form. For example, to schedule at + * a certain future date, you can use: schedule(task, + * date.getTime() - System.currentTimeMillis(), + * TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS). Beware however that expiration of a + * relative delay need not coincide with the current Date at + * which the task is enabled due to network time synchronization + * protocols, clock drift, or other factors. + * + * The {@link Executors} class provides convenient factory methods for + * the ScheduledExecutorService implementations provided in this package. + * + *

Usage Example

+ * + * Here is a class with a method that sets up a ScheduledExecutorService + * to beep every ten seconds for an hour: + * + * 
+ * import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.*;
+ * class BeeperControl {
+ *    private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduler =
+ *       Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);
+ *
+ *    public void beepForAnHour() {
+ *        final Runnable beeper = new Runnable() {
+ *                public void run() { System.out.println("beep"); }
+ *            };
+ *        final ScheduledFuture<?> beeperHandle =
+ *            scheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(beeper, 10, 10, SECONDS);
+ *        scheduler.schedule(new Runnable() {
+ *                public void run() { beeperHandle.cancel(true); }
+ *            }, 60 * 60, SECONDS);
+ *    }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface ScheduledExecutorService extends ExecutorService { + + /** + * Creates and executes a one-shot action that becomes enabled + * after the given delay. + * + * @param command the task to execute + * @param delay the time from now to delay execution + * @param unit the time unit of the delay parameter + * @return a ScheduledFuture representing pending completion of + * the task and whose get() method will return + * null upon completion + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if command is null + */ + public ScheduledFuture schedule(Runnable command, + long delay, TimeUnit unit); + + /** + * Creates and executes a ScheduledFuture that becomes enabled after the + * given delay. + * + * @param callable the function to execute + * @param delay the time from now to delay execution + * @param unit the time unit of the delay parameter + * @return a ScheduledFuture that can be used to extract result or cancel + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if callable is null + */ + public ScheduledFuture schedule(Callable callable, + long delay, TimeUnit unit); + + /** + * Creates and executes a periodic action that becomes enabled first + * after the given initial delay, and subsequently with the given + * period; that is executions will commence after + * initialDelay then initialDelay+period, then + * initialDelay + 2 * period, and so on. + * If any execution of the task + * encounters an exception, subsequent executions are suppressed. + * Otherwise, the task will only terminate via cancellation or + * termination of the executor. If any execution of this task + * takes longer than its period, then subsequent executions + * may start late, but will not concurrently execute. + * + * @param command the task to execute + * @param initialDelay the time to delay first execution + * @param period the period between successive executions + * @param unit the time unit of the initialDelay and period parameters + * @return a ScheduledFuture representing pending completion of + * the task, and whose get() method will throw an + * exception upon cancellation + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if command is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if period less than or equal to zero + */ + public ScheduledFuture scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable command, + long initialDelay, + long period, + TimeUnit unit); + + /** + * Creates and executes a periodic action that becomes enabled first + * after the given initial delay, and subsequently with the + * given delay between the termination of one execution and the + * commencement of the next. If any execution of the task + * encounters an exception, subsequent executions are suppressed. + * Otherwise, the task will only terminate via cancellation or + * termination of the executor. + * + * @param command the task to execute + * @param initialDelay the time to delay first execution + * @param delay the delay between the termination of one + * execution and the commencement of the next + * @param unit the time unit of the initialDelay and delay parameters + * @return a ScheduledFuture representing pending completion of + * the task, and whose get() method will throw an + * exception upon cancellation + * @throws RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be + * scheduled for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if command is null + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if delay less than or equal to zero + */ + public ScheduledFuture scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable command, + long initialDelay, + long delay, + TimeUnit unit); + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledFuture.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledFuture.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..239d681f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledFuture.java @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A delayed result-bearing action that can be cancelled. + * Usually a scheduled future is the result of scheduling + * a task with a {@link ScheduledExecutorService}. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The result type returned by this Future + */ +public interface ScheduledFuture extends Delayed, Future { +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f08b9ac2e --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java @@ -0,0 +1,626 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A {@link ThreadPoolExecutor} that can additionally schedule + * commands to run after a given delay, or to execute + * periodically. This class is preferable to {@link java.util.Timer} + * when multiple worker threads are needed, or when the additional + * flexibility or capabilities of {@link ThreadPoolExecutor} (which + * this class extends) are required. + * + *

Delayed tasks execute no sooner than they are enabled, but + * without any real-time guarantees about when, after they are + * enabled, they will commence. Tasks scheduled for exactly the same + * execution time are enabled in first-in-first-out (FIFO) order of + * submission. + * + *

While this class inherits from {@link ThreadPoolExecutor}, a few + * of the inherited tuning methods are not useful for it. In + * particular, because it acts as a fixed-sized pool using + * corePoolSize threads and an unbounded queue, adjustments + * to maximumPoolSize have no useful effect. + * + *

Extension notes: This class overrides {@link + * AbstractExecutorService} submit methods to generate + * internal objects to control per-task delays and scheduling. To + * preserve functionality, any further overrides of these methods in + * subclasses must invoke superclass versions, which effectively + * disables additional task customization. However, this class + * provides alternative protected extension method + * decorateTask (one version each for Runnable and + * Callable) that can be used to customize the concrete task + * types used to execute commands entered via execute, + * submit, schedule, scheduleAtFixedRate, + * and scheduleWithFixedDelay. By default, a + * ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor uses a task type extending + * {@link FutureTask}. However, this may be modified or replaced using + * subclasses of the form: + * + * 

+ * public class CustomScheduledExecutor extends ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor {
+ *
+ *   static class CustomTask<V> implements RunnableScheduledFuture<V> { ... }
+ *
+ *   protected <V> RunnableScheduledFuture<V> decorateTask(
+ *                Runnable r, RunnableScheduledFuture<V> task) {
+ *       return new CustomTask<V>(r, task);
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   protected <V> RunnableScheduledFuture<V> decorateTask(
+ *                Callable<V> c, RunnableScheduledFuture<V> task) {
+ *       return new CustomTask<V>(c, task);
+ *   }
+ *   // ... add constructors, etc.
+ * }
+ *
+ * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor + extends ThreadPoolExecutor + implements ScheduledExecutorService { + + /** + * False if should cancel/suppress periodic tasks on shutdown. + */ + private volatile boolean continueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdown; + + /** + * False if should cancel non-periodic tasks on shutdown. + */ + private volatile boolean executeExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdown = true; + + /** + * Sequence number to break scheduling ties, and in turn to + * guarantee FIFO order among tied entries. + */ + private static final AtomicLong sequencer = new AtomicLong(0); + + /** Base of nanosecond timings, to avoid wrapping */ + private static final long NANO_ORIGIN = System.nanoTime(); + + /** + * Returns nanosecond time offset by origin + */ + final long now() { + return System.nanoTime() - NANO_ORIGIN; + } + + private class ScheduledFutureTask + extends FutureTask implements RunnableScheduledFuture { + + /** Sequence number to break ties FIFO */ + private final long sequenceNumber; + /** The time the task is enabled to execute in nanoTime units */ + private long time; + /** + * Period in nanoseconds for repeating tasks. A positive + * value indicates fixed-rate execution. A negative value + * indicates fixed-delay execution. A value of 0 indicates a + * non-repeating task. + */ + private final long period; + + /** + * Creates a one-shot action with given nanoTime-based trigger time. + */ + ScheduledFutureTask(Runnable r, V result, long ns) { + super(r, result); + this.time = ns; + this.period = 0; + this.sequenceNumber = sequencer.getAndIncrement(); + } + + /** + * Creates a periodic action with given nano time and period. + */ + ScheduledFutureTask(Runnable r, V result, long ns, long period) { + super(r, result); + this.time = ns; + this.period = period; + this.sequenceNumber = sequencer.getAndIncrement(); + } + + /** + * Creates a one-shot action with given nanoTime-based trigger. + */ + ScheduledFutureTask(Callable callable, long ns) { + super(callable); + this.time = ns; + this.period = 0; + this.sequenceNumber = sequencer.getAndIncrement(); + } + + public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) { + long d = unit.convert(time - now(), TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + return d; + } + + public int compareTo(Delayed other) { + if (other == this) // compare zero ONLY if same object + return 0; + if (other instanceof ScheduledFutureTask) { + ScheduledFutureTask x = (ScheduledFutureTask)other; + long diff = time - x.time; + if (diff < 0) + return -1; + else if (diff > 0) + return 1; + else if (sequenceNumber < x.sequenceNumber) + return -1; + else + return 1; + } + long d = (getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) - + other.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)); + return (d == 0)? 0 : ((d < 0)? -1 : 1); + } + + /** + * Returns true if this is a periodic (not a one-shot) action. + * + * @return true if periodic + */ + public boolean isPeriodic() { + return period != 0; + } + + /** + * Runs a periodic task. + */ + private void runPeriodic() { + boolean ok = ScheduledFutureTask.super.runAndReset(); + boolean down = isShutdown(); + // Reschedule if not cancelled and not shutdown or policy allows + if (ok && (!down || + (getContinueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdownPolicy() && + !isTerminating()))) { + long p = period; + if (p > 0) + time += p; + else + time = now() - p; + // Classpath local: ecj from eclipse 3.1 does not + // compile this. + // ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.super.getQueue().add(this); + ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.super.getQueue().add((Runnable) this); + } + // This might have been the final executed delayed + // task. Wake up threads to check. + else if (down) + interruptIdleWorkers(); + } + + /** + * Overrides FutureTask version so as to reset/requeue if periodic. + */ + public void run() { + if (isPeriodic()) + runPeriodic(); + else + ScheduledFutureTask.super.run(); + } + } + + /** + * Specialized variant of ThreadPoolExecutor.execute for delayed tasks. + */ + private void delayedExecute(Runnable command) { + if (isShutdown()) { + reject(command); + return; + } + // Prestart a thread if necessary. We cannot prestart it + // running the task because the task (probably) shouldn't be + // run yet, so thread will just idle until delay elapses. + if (getPoolSize() < getCorePoolSize()) + prestartCoreThread(); + + super.getQueue().add(command); + } + + /** + * Cancels and clears the queue of all tasks that should not be run + * due to shutdown policy. + */ + private void cancelUnwantedTasks() { + boolean keepDelayed = getExecuteExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdownPolicy(); + boolean keepPeriodic = getContinueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdownPolicy(); + if (!keepDelayed && !keepPeriodic) + super.getQueue().clear(); + else if (keepDelayed || keepPeriodic) { + Object[] entries = super.getQueue().toArray(); + for (int i = 0; i < entries.length; ++i) { + Object e = entries[i]; + if (e instanceof RunnableScheduledFuture) { + RunnableScheduledFuture t = (RunnableScheduledFuture)e; + if (t.isPeriodic()? !keepPeriodic : !keepDelayed) + t.cancel(false); + } + } + entries = null; + purge(); + } + } + + public boolean remove(Runnable task) { + if (!(task instanceof RunnableScheduledFuture)) + return false; + return getQueue().remove(task); + } + + /** + * Modifies or replaces the task used to execute a runnable. + * This method can be used to override the concrete + * class used for managing internal tasks. + * The default implementation simply returns the given task. + * + * @param runnable the submitted Runnable + * @param task the task created to execute the runnable + * @return a task that can execute the runnable + * @since 1.6 + */ + protected RunnableScheduledFuture decorateTask( + Runnable runnable, RunnableScheduledFuture task) { + return task; + } + + /** + * Modifies or replaces the task used to execute a callable. + * This method can be used to override the concrete + * class used for managing internal tasks. + * The default implementation simply returns the given task. + * + * @param callable the submitted Callable + * @param task the task created to execute the callable + * @return a task that can execute the callable + * @since 1.6 + */ + protected RunnableScheduledFuture decorateTask( + Callable callable, RunnableScheduledFuture task) { + return task; + } + + /** + * Creates a new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor with the given core + * pool size. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, + * even if they are idle + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize < 0 + */ + public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize) { + super(corePoolSize, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS, + new DelayedWorkQueue()); + } + + /** + * Creates a new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor with the given + * initial parameters. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, + * even if they are idle + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor + * creates a new thread + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize < 0 + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory is null + */ + public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, + ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + super(corePoolSize, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS, + new DelayedWorkQueue(), threadFactory); + } + + /** + * Creates a new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor with the given + * initial parameters. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, + * even if they are idle + * @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked + * because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize < 0 + * @throws NullPointerException if handler is null + */ + public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, + RejectedExecutionHandler handler) { + super(corePoolSize, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS, + new DelayedWorkQueue(), handler); + } + + /** + * Creates a new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor with the given + * initial parameters. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, + * even if they are idle + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor + * creates a new thread + * @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked + * because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize < 0 + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory or handler is null + */ + public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, + ThreadFactory threadFactory, + RejectedExecutionHandler handler) { + super(corePoolSize, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS, + new DelayedWorkQueue(), threadFactory, handler); + } + + public ScheduledFuture schedule(Runnable command, + long delay, + TimeUnit unit) { + if (command == null || unit == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + long triggerTime = now() + unit.toNanos(delay); + RunnableScheduledFuture t = decorateTask(command, + new ScheduledFutureTask(command, null, triggerTime)); + delayedExecute(t); + return t; + } + + public ScheduledFuture schedule(Callable callable, + long delay, + TimeUnit unit) { + if (callable == null || unit == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (delay < 0) delay = 0; + long triggerTime = now() + unit.toNanos(delay); + RunnableScheduledFuture t = decorateTask(callable, + new ScheduledFutureTask(callable, triggerTime)); + delayedExecute(t); + return t; + } + + public ScheduledFuture scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable command, + long initialDelay, + long period, + TimeUnit unit) { + if (command == null || unit == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (period <= 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + if (initialDelay < 0) initialDelay = 0; + long triggerTime = now() + unit.toNanos(initialDelay); + RunnableScheduledFuture t = decorateTask(command, + new ScheduledFutureTask(command, + null, + triggerTime, + unit.toNanos(period))); + delayedExecute(t); + return t; + } + + public ScheduledFuture scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable command, + long initialDelay, + long delay, + TimeUnit unit) { + if (command == null || unit == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (delay <= 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + if (initialDelay < 0) initialDelay = 0; + long triggerTime = now() + unit.toNanos(initialDelay); + RunnableScheduledFuture t = decorateTask(command, + new ScheduledFutureTask(command, + null, + triggerTime, + unit.toNanos(-delay))); + delayedExecute(t); + return t; + } + + + /** + * Executes command with zero required delay. This has effect + * equivalent to schedule(command, 0, anyUnit). Note + * that inspections of the queue and of the list returned by + * shutdownNow will access the zero-delayed + * {@link ScheduledFuture}, not the command itself. + * + * @param command the task to execute + * @throws RejectedExecutionException at discretion of + * RejectedExecutionHandler, if task cannot be accepted + * for execution because the executor has been shut down. + * @throws NullPointerException if command is null + */ + public void execute(Runnable command) { + if (command == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + schedule(command, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + } + + // Override AbstractExecutorService methods + + public Future submit(Runnable task) { + return schedule(task, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + } + + public Future submit(Runnable task, T result) { + return schedule(Executors.callable(task, result), + 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + } + + public Future submit(Callable task) { + return schedule(task, 0, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + } + + /** + * Sets the policy on whether to continue executing existing periodic + * tasks even when this executor has been shutdown. In + * this case, these tasks will only terminate upon + * shutdownNow, or after setting the policy to + * false when already shutdown. This value is by default + * false. + * + * @param value if true, continue after shutdown, else don't. + * @see #getContinueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdownPolicy + */ + public void setContinueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdownPolicy(boolean value) { + continueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdown = value; + if (!value && isShutdown()) + cancelUnwantedTasks(); + } + + /** + * Gets the policy on whether to continue executing existing + * periodic tasks even when this executor has been + * shutdown. In this case, these tasks will only + * terminate upon shutdownNow or after setting the policy + * to false when already shutdown. This value is by + * default false. + * + * @return true if will continue after shutdown + * @see #setContinueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdownPolicy + */ + public boolean getContinueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdownPolicy() { + return continueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdown; + } + + /** + * Sets the policy on whether to execute existing delayed + * tasks even when this executor has been shutdown. In + * this case, these tasks will only terminate upon + * shutdownNow, or after setting the policy to + * false when already shutdown. This value is by default + * true. + * + * @param value if true, execute after shutdown, else don't. + * @see #getExecuteExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdownPolicy + */ + public void setExecuteExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdownPolicy(boolean value) { + executeExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdown = value; + if (!value && isShutdown()) + cancelUnwantedTasks(); + } + + /** + * Gets the policy on whether to execute existing delayed + * tasks even when this executor has been shutdown. In + * this case, these tasks will only terminate upon + * shutdownNow, or after setting the policy to + * false when already shutdown. This value is by default + * true. + * + * @return true if will execute after shutdown + * @see #setExecuteExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdownPolicy + */ + public boolean getExecuteExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdownPolicy() { + return executeExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdown; + } + + + /** + * Initiates an orderly shutdown in which previously submitted + * tasks are executed, but no new tasks will be accepted. If the + * ExecuteExistingDelayedTasksAfterShutdownPolicy has + * been set false, existing delayed tasks whose delays + * have not yet elapsed are cancelled. And unless the + * ContinueExistingPeriodicTasksAfterShutdownPolicy has + * been set true, future executions of existing periodic + * tasks will be cancelled. + */ + public void shutdown() { + cancelUnwantedTasks(); + super.shutdown(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to stop all actively executing tasks, halts the + * processing of waiting tasks, and returns a list of the tasks + * that were awaiting execution. + * + *

There are no guarantees beyond best-effort attempts to stop + * processing actively executing tasks. This implementation + * cancels tasks via {@link Thread#interrupt}, so any task that + * fails to respond to interrupts may never terminate. + * + * @return list of tasks that never commenced execution. Each + * element of this list is a {@link ScheduledFuture}, + * including those tasks submitted using execute, which + * are for scheduling purposes used as the basis of a zero-delay + * ScheduledFuture. + * @throws SecurityException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public List shutdownNow() { + return super.shutdownNow(); + } + + /** + * Returns the task queue used by this executor. Each element of + * this queue is a {@link ScheduledFuture}, including those + * tasks submitted using execute which are for scheduling + * purposes used as the basis of a zero-delay + * ScheduledFuture. Iteration over this queue is + * not guaranteed to traverse tasks in the order in + * which they will execute. + * + * @return the task queue + */ + public BlockingQueue getQueue() { + return super.getQueue(); + } + + /** + * An annoying wrapper class to convince javac to use a + * DelayQueue as a BlockingQueue + */ + private static class DelayedWorkQueue + extends AbstractCollection + implements BlockingQueue { + + private final DelayQueue dq = new DelayQueue(); + public Runnable poll() { return dq.poll(); } + public Runnable peek() { return dq.peek(); } + public Runnable take() throws InterruptedException { return dq.take(); } + public Runnable poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + return dq.poll(timeout, unit); + } + + public boolean add(Runnable x) { + return dq.add((RunnableScheduledFuture)x); + } + public boolean offer(Runnable x) { + return dq.offer((RunnableScheduledFuture)x); + } + public void put(Runnable x) { + dq.put((RunnableScheduledFuture)x); + } + public boolean offer(Runnable x, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) { + return dq.offer((RunnableScheduledFuture)x, timeout, unit); + } + + public Runnable remove() { return dq.remove(); } + public Runnable element() { return dq.element(); } + public void clear() { dq.clear(); } + public int drainTo(Collection c) { return dq.drainTo(c); } + public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { + return dq.drainTo(c, maxElements); + } + + public int remainingCapacity() { return dq.remainingCapacity(); } + public boolean remove(Object x) { return dq.remove(x); } + public boolean contains(Object x) { return dq.contains(x); } + public int size() { return dq.size(); } + public boolean isEmpty() { return dq.isEmpty(); } + public Object[] toArray() { return dq.toArray(); } + public T[] toArray(T[] array) { return dq.toArray(array); } + public Iterator iterator() { + return new Iterator() { + private Iterator it = dq.iterator(); + public boolean hasNext() { return it.hasNext(); } + public Runnable next() { return it.next(); } + public void remove() { it.remove(); } + }; + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Semaphore.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Semaphore.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..105236439 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/Semaphore.java @@ -0,0 +1,681 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; + +/** + * A counting semaphore. Conceptually, a semaphore maintains a set of + * permits. Each {@link #acquire} blocks if necessary until a permit is + * available, and then takes it. Each {@link #release} adds a permit, + * potentially releasing a blocking acquirer. + * However, no actual permit objects are used; the {@code Semaphore} just + * keeps a count of the number available and acts accordingly. + * + *

Semaphores are often used to restrict the number of threads than can + * access some (physical or logical) resource. For example, here is + * a class that uses a semaphore to control access to a pool of items: + * 

+ * class Pool {
+ *   private static final int MAX_AVAILABLE = 100;
+ *   private final Semaphore available = new Semaphore(MAX_AVAILABLE, true);
+ *
+ *   public Object getItem() throws InterruptedException {
+ *     available.acquire();
+ *     return getNextAvailableItem();
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public void putItem(Object x) {
+ *     if (markAsUnused(x))
+ *       available.release();
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   // Not a particularly efficient data structure; just for demo
+ *
+ *   protected Object[] items = ... whatever kinds of items being managed
+ *   protected boolean[] used = new boolean[MAX_AVAILABLE];
+ *
+ *   protected synchronized Object getNextAvailableItem() {
+ *     for (int i = 0; i < MAX_AVAILABLE; ++i) {
+ *       if (!used[i]) {
+ *          used[i] = true;
+ *          return items[i];
+ *       }
+ *     }
+ *     return null; // not reached
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   protected synchronized boolean markAsUnused(Object item) {
+ *     for (int i = 0; i < MAX_AVAILABLE; ++i) {
+ *       if (item == items[i]) {
+ *          if (used[i]) {
+ *            used[i] = false;
+ *            return true;
+ *          } else
+ *            return false;
+ *       }
+ *     }
+ *     return false;
+ *   }
+ *
+ * }
+ *
+ * + *

Before obtaining an item each thread must acquire a permit from + * the semaphore, guaranteeing that an item is available for use. When + * the thread has finished with the item it is returned back to the + * pool and a permit is returned to the semaphore, allowing another + * thread to acquire that item. Note that no synchronization lock is + * held when {@link #acquire} is called as that would prevent an item + * from being returned to the pool. The semaphore encapsulates the + * synchronization needed to restrict access to the pool, separately + * from any synchronization needed to maintain the consistency of the + * pool itself. + * + *

A semaphore initialized to one, and which is used such that it + * only has at most one permit available, can serve as a mutual + * exclusion lock. This is more commonly known as a binary + * semaphore, because it only has two states: one permit + * available, or zero permits available. When used in this way, the + * binary semaphore has the property (unlike many {@link Lock} + * implementations), that the "lock" can be released by a + * thread other than the owner (as semaphores have no notion of + * ownership). This can be useful in some specialized contexts, such + * as deadlock recovery. + * + *

The constructor for this class optionally accepts a + * fairness parameter. When set false, this class makes no + * guarantees about the order in which threads acquire permits. In + * particular, barging is permitted, that is, a thread + * invoking {@link #acquire} can be allocated a permit ahead of a + * thread that has been waiting - logically the new thread places itself at + * the head of the queue of waiting threads. When fairness is set true, the + * semaphore guarantees that threads invoking any of the {@link + * #acquire() acquire} methods are selected to obtain permits in the order in + * which their invocation of those methods was processed + * (first-in-first-out; FIFO). Note that FIFO ordering necessarily + * applies to specific internal points of execution within these + * methods. So, it is possible for one thread to invoke + * {@code acquire} before another, but reach the ordering point after + * the other, and similarly upon return from the method. + * Also note that the untimed {@link #tryAcquire() tryAcquire} methods do not + * honor the fairness setting, but will take any permits that are + * available. + * + *

Generally, semaphores used to control resource access should be + * initialized as fair, to ensure that no thread is starved out from + * accessing a resource. When using semaphores for other kinds of + * synchronization control, the throughput advantages of non-fair + * ordering often outweigh fairness considerations. + * + *

This class also provides convenience methods to {@link + * #acquire(int) acquire} and {@link #release(int) release} multiple + * permits at a time. Beware of the increased risk of indefinite + * postponement when these methods are used without fairness set true. + * + *

Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread prior to calling + * a "release" method such as {@code release()} + * happen-before + * actions following a successful "acquire" method such as {@code acquire()} + * in another thread. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * + */ + +public class Semaphore implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -3222578661600680210L; + /** All mechanics via AbstractQueuedSynchronizer subclass */ + private final Sync sync; + + /** + * Synchronization implementation for semaphore. Uses AQS state + * to represent permits. Subclassed into fair and nonfair + * versions. + */ + abstract static class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 1192457210091910933L; + + Sync(int permits) { + setState(permits); + } + + final int getPermits() { + return getState(); + } + + final int nonfairTryAcquireShared(int acquires) { + for (;;) { + int available = getState(); + int remaining = available - acquires; + if (remaining < 0 || + compareAndSetState(available, remaining)) + return remaining; + } + } + + protected final boolean tryReleaseShared(int releases) { + for (;;) { + int p = getState(); + if (compareAndSetState(p, p + releases)) + return true; + } + } + + final void reducePermits(int reductions) { + for (;;) { + int current = getState(); + int next = current - reductions; + if (compareAndSetState(current, next)) + return; + } + } + + final int drainPermits() { + for (;;) { + int current = getState(); + if (current == 0 || compareAndSetState(current, 0)) + return current; + } + } + } + + /** + * NonFair version + */ + final static class NonfairSync extends Sync { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -2694183684443567898L; + + NonfairSync(int permits) { + super(permits); + } + + protected int tryAcquireShared(int acquires) { + return nonfairTryAcquireShared(acquires); + } + } + + /** + * Fair version + */ + final static class FairSync extends Sync { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 2014338818796000944L; + + FairSync(int permits) { + super(permits); + } + + protected int tryAcquireShared(int acquires) { + Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + for (;;) { + Thread first = getFirstQueuedThread(); + if (first != null && first != current) + return -1; + int available = getState(); + int remaining = available - acquires; + if (remaining < 0 || + compareAndSetState(available, remaining)) + return remaining; + } + } + } + + /** + * Creates a {@code Semaphore} with the given number of + * permits and nonfair fairness setting. + * + * @param permits the initial number of permits available. + * This value may be negative, in which case releases + * must occur before any acquires will be granted. + */ + public Semaphore(int permits) { + sync = new NonfairSync(permits); + } + + /** + * Creates a {@code Semaphore} with the given number of + * permits and the given fairness setting. + * + * @param permits the initial number of permits available. + * This value may be negative, in which case releases + * must occur before any acquires will be granted. + * @param fair {@code true} if this semaphore will guarantee + * first-in first-out granting of permits under contention, + * else {@code false} + */ + public Semaphore(int permits, boolean fair) { + sync = (fair)? new FairSync(permits) : new NonfairSync(permits); + } + + /** + * Acquires a permit from this semaphore, blocking until one is + * available, or the thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires a permit, if one is available and returns immediately, + * reducing the number of available permits by one. + * + *

If no permit is available then the current thread becomes + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * one of two things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #release} method for this + * semaphore and the current thread is next to be assigned a permit; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread. + *
+ * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * for a permit, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public void acquire() throws InterruptedException { + sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires a permit from this semaphore, blocking until one is + * available. + * + *

Acquires a permit, if one is available and returns immediately, + * reducing the number of available permits by one. + * + *

If no permit is available then the current thread becomes + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * some other thread invokes the {@link #release} method for this + * semaphore and the current thread is next to be assigned a permit. + * + *

If the current thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} + * while waiting for a permit then it will continue to wait, but the + * time at which the thread is assigned a permit may change compared to + * the time it would have received the permit had no interruption + * occurred. When the thread does return from this method its interrupt + * status will be set. + */ + public void acquireUninterruptibly() { + sync.acquireShared(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires a permit from this semaphore, only if one is available at the + * time of invocation. + * + *

Acquires a permit, if one is available and returns immediately, + * with the value {@code true}, + * reducing the number of available permits by one. + * + *

If no permit is available then this method will return + * immediately with the value {@code false}. + * + *

Even when this semaphore has been set to use a + * fair ordering policy, a call to {@code tryAcquire()} will + * immediately acquire a permit if one is available, whether or not + * other threads are currently waiting. + * This "barging" behavior can be useful in certain + * circumstances, even though it breaks fairness. If you want to honor + * the fairness setting, then use + * {@link #tryAcquire(long, TimeUnit) tryAcquire(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS) } + * which is almost equivalent (it also detects interruption). + * + * @return {@code true} if a permit was acquired and {@code false} + * otherwise + */ + public boolean tryAcquire() { + return sync.nonfairTryAcquireShared(1) >= 0; + } + + /** + * Acquires a permit from this semaphore, if one becomes available + * within the given waiting time and the current thread has not + * been {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires a permit, if one is available and returns immediately, + * with the value {@code true}, + * reducing the number of available permits by one. + * + *

If no permit is available then the current thread becomes + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * one of three things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #release} method for this + * semaphore and the current thread is next to be assigned a permit; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses. + *
+ * + *

If a permit is acquired then the value {@code true} is returned. + * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * to acquire a permit, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then the value {@code false} + * is returned. If the time is less than or equal to zero, the method + * will not wait at all. + * + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait for a permit + * @param unit the time unit of the {@code timeout} argument + * @return {@code true} if a permit was acquired and {@code false} + * if the waiting time elapsed before a permit was acquired + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public boolean tryAcquire(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + return sync.tryAcquireSharedNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Releases a permit, returning it to the semaphore. + * + *

Releases a permit, increasing the number of available permits by + * one. If any threads are trying to acquire a permit, then one is + * selected and given the permit that was just released. That thread + * is (re)enabled for thread scheduling purposes. + * + *

There is no requirement that a thread that releases a permit must + * have acquired that permit by calling {@link #acquire}. + * Correct usage of a semaphore is established by programming convention + * in the application. + */ + public void release() { + sync.releaseShared(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires the given number of permits from this semaphore, + * blocking until all are available, + * or the thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the given number of permits, if they are available, + * and returns immediately, reducing the number of available permits + * by the given amount. + * + *

If insufficient permits are available then the current thread becomes + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * one of two things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes one of the {@link #release() release} + * methods for this semaphore, the current thread is next to be assigned + * permits and the number of available permits satisfies this request; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread. + *
+ * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * for a permit, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * Any permits that were to be assigned to this thread are instead + * assigned to other threads trying to acquire permits, as if + * permits had been made available by a call to {@link #release()}. + * + * @param permits the number of permits to acquire + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code permits} is negative + */ + public void acquire(int permits) throws InterruptedException { + if (permits < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(permits); + } + + /** + * Acquires the given number of permits from this semaphore, + * blocking until all are available. + * + *

Acquires the given number of permits, if they are available, + * and returns immediately, reducing the number of available permits + * by the given amount. + * + *

If insufficient permits are available then the current thread becomes + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * some other thread invokes one of the {@link #release() release} + * methods for this semaphore, the current thread is next to be assigned + * permits and the number of available permits satisfies this request. + * + *

If the current thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} + * while waiting for permits then it will continue to wait and its + * position in the queue is not affected. When the thread does return + * from this method its interrupt status will be set. + * + * @param permits the number of permits to acquire + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code permits} is negative + * + */ + public void acquireUninterruptibly(int permits) { + if (permits < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + sync.acquireShared(permits); + } + + /** + * Acquires the given number of permits from this semaphore, only + * if all are available at the time of invocation. + * + *

Acquires the given number of permits, if they are available, and + * returns immediately, with the value {@code true}, + * reducing the number of available permits by the given amount. + * + *

If insufficient permits are available then this method will return + * immediately with the value {@code false} and the number of available + * permits is unchanged. + * + *

Even when this semaphore has been set to use a fair ordering + * policy, a call to {@code tryAcquire} will + * immediately acquire a permit if one is available, whether or + * not other threads are currently waiting. This + * "barging" behavior can be useful in certain + * circumstances, even though it breaks fairness. If you want to + * honor the fairness setting, then use {@link #tryAcquire(int, + * long, TimeUnit) tryAcquire(permits, 0, TimeUnit.SECONDS) } + * which is almost equivalent (it also detects interruption). + * + * @param permits the number of permits to acquire + * @return {@code true} if the permits were acquired and + * {@code false} otherwise + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code permits} is negative + */ + public boolean tryAcquire(int permits) { + if (permits < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + return sync.nonfairTryAcquireShared(permits) >= 0; + } + + /** + * Acquires the given number of permits from this semaphore, if all + * become available within the given waiting time and the current + * thread has not been {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the given number of permits, if they are available and + * returns immediately, with the value {@code true}, + * reducing the number of available permits by the given amount. + * + *

If insufficient permits are available then + * the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of three things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes one of the {@link #release() release} + * methods for this semaphore, the current thread is next to be assigned + * permits and the number of available permits satisfies this request; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses. + *
+ * + *

If the permits are acquired then the value {@code true} is returned. + * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * to acquire the permits, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * Any permits that were to be assigned to this thread, are instead + * assigned to other threads trying to acquire permits, as if + * the permits had been made available by a call to {@link #release()}. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then the value {@code false} + * is returned. If the time is less than or equal to zero, the method + * will not wait at all. Any permits that were to be assigned to this + * thread, are instead assigned to other threads trying to acquire + * permits, as if the permits had been made available by a call to + * {@link #release()}. + * + * @param permits the number of permits to acquire + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait for the permits + * @param unit the time unit of the {@code timeout} argument + * @return {@code true} if all permits were acquired and {@code false} + * if the waiting time elapsed before all permits were acquired + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code permits} is negative + */ + public boolean tryAcquire(int permits, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + if (permits < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + return sync.tryAcquireSharedNanos(permits, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Releases the given number of permits, returning them to the semaphore. + * + *

Releases the given number of permits, increasing the number of + * available permits by that amount. + * If any threads are trying to acquire permits, then one + * is selected and given the permits that were just released. + * If the number of available permits satisfies that thread's request + * then that thread is (re)enabled for thread scheduling purposes; + * otherwise the thread will wait until sufficient permits are available. + * If there are still permits available + * after this thread's request has been satisfied, then those permits + * are assigned in turn to other threads trying to acquire permits. + * + *

There is no requirement that a thread that releases a permit must + * have acquired that permit by calling {@link Semaphore#acquire acquire}. + * Correct usage of a semaphore is established by programming convention + * in the application. + * + * @param permits the number of permits to release + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code permits} is negative + */ + public void release(int permits) { + if (permits < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + sync.releaseShared(permits); + } + + /** + * Returns the current number of permits available in this semaphore. + * + *

This method is typically used for debugging and testing purposes. + * + * @return the number of permits available in this semaphore + */ + public int availablePermits() { + return sync.getPermits(); + } + + /** + * Acquires and returns all permits that are immediately available. + * + * @return the number of permits acquired + */ + public int drainPermits() { + return sync.drainPermits(); + } + + /** + * Shrinks the number of available permits by the indicated + * reduction. This method can be useful in subclasses that use + * semaphores to track resources that become unavailable. This + * method differs from {@code acquire} in that it does not block + * waiting for permits to become available. + * + * @param reduction the number of permits to remove + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code reduction} is negative + */ + protected void reducePermits(int reduction) { + if (reduction < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + sync.reducePermits(reduction); + } + + /** + * Returns {@code true} if this semaphore has fairness set true. + * + * @return {@code true} if this semaphore has fairness set true + */ + public boolean isFair() { + return sync instanceof FairSync; + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting to acquire. Note that + * because cancellations may occur at any time, a {@code true} + * return does not guarantee that any other thread will ever + * acquire. This method is designed primarily for use in + * monitoring of the system state. + * + * @return {@code true} if there may be other threads waiting to + * acquire the lock + */ + public final boolean hasQueuedThreads() { + return sync.hasQueuedThreads(); + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting to acquire. + * The value is only an estimate because the number of threads may + * change dynamically while this method traverses internal data + * structures. This method is designed for use in monitoring of the + * system state, not for synchronization control. + * + * @return the estimated number of threads waiting for this lock + */ + public final int getQueueLength() { + return sync.getQueueLength(); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to acquire. + * Because the actual set of threads may change dynamically while + * constructing this result, the returned collection is only a best-effort + * estimate. The elements of the returned collection are in no particular + * order. This method is designed to facilitate construction of + * subclasses that provide more extensive monitoring facilities. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + protected Collection getQueuedThreads() { + return sync.getQueuedThreads(); + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this semaphore, as well as its state. + * The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "Permits ="} + * followed by the number of permits. + * + * @return a string identifying this semaphore, as well as its state + */ + public String toString() { + return super.toString() + "[Permits = " + sync.getPermits() + "]"; + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/SynchronousQueue.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/SynchronousQueue.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..92f586ce8 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/SynchronousQueue.java @@ -0,0 +1,1127 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea, Bill Scherer, and Michael Scott with + * assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 Expert Group and released to + * the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A {@linkplain BlockingQueue blocking queue} in which each insert + * operation must wait for a corresponding remove operation by another + * thread, and vice versa. A synchronous queue does not have any + * internal capacity, not even a capacity of one. You cannot + * peek at a synchronous queue because an element is only + * present when you try to remove it; you cannot insert an element + * (using any method) unless another thread is trying to remove it; + * you cannot iterate as there is nothing to iterate. The + * head of the queue is the element that the first queued + * inserting thread is trying to add to the queue; if there is no such + * queued thread then no element is available for removal and + * poll() will return null. For purposes of other + * Collection methods (for example contains), a + * SynchronousQueue acts as an empty collection. This queue + * does not permit null elements. + * + *

Synchronous queues are similar to rendezvous channels used in + * CSP and Ada. They are well suited for handoff designs, in which an + * object running in one thread must sync up with an object running + * in another thread in order to hand it some information, event, or + * task. + * + *

This class supports an optional fairness policy for ordering + * waiting producer and consumer threads. By default, this ordering + * is not guaranteed. However, a queue constructed with fairness set + * to true grants threads access in FIFO order. + * + *

This class and its iterator implement all of the + * optional methods of the {@link Collection} and {@link + * Iterator} interfaces. + * + *

This class is a member of the + * + * Java Collections Framework. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea and Bill Scherer and Michael Scott + * @param the type of elements held in this collection + */ +public class SynchronousQueue extends AbstractQueue + implements BlockingQueue, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -3223113410248163686L; + + /* + * This class implements extensions of the dual stack and dual + * queue algorithms described in "Nonblocking Concurrent Objects + * with Condition Synchronization", by W. N. Scherer III and + * M. L. Scott. 18th Annual Conf. on Distributed Computing, + * Oct. 2004 (see also + * http://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/scott/synchronization/pseudocode/duals.html). + * The (Lifo) stack is used for non-fair mode, and the (Fifo) + * queue for fair mode. The performance of the two is generally + * similar. Fifo usually supports higher throughput under + * contention but Lifo maintains higher thread locality in common + * applications. + * + * A dual queue (and similarly stack) is one that at any given + * time either holds "data" -- items provided by put operations, + * or "requests" -- slots representing take operations, or is + * empty. A call to "fulfill" (i.e., a call requesting an item + * from a queue holding data or vice versa) dequeues a + * complementary node. The most interesting feature of these + * queues is that any operation can figure out which mode the + * queue is in, and act accordingly without needing locks. + * + * Both the queue and stack extend abstract class Transferer + * defining the single method transfer that does a put or a + * take. These are unified into a single method because in dual + * data structures, the put and take operations are symmetrical, + * so nearly all code can be combined. The resulting transfer + * methods are on the long side, but are easier to follow than + * they would be if broken up into nearly-duplicated parts. + * + * The queue and stack data structures share many conceptual + * similarities but very few concrete details. For simplicity, + * they are kept distinct so that they can later evolve + * separately. + * + * The algorithms here differ from the versions in the above paper + * in extending them for use in synchronous queues, as well as + * dealing with cancellation. The main differences include: + * + * 1. The original algorithms used bit-marked pointers, but + * the ones here use mode bits in nodes, leading to a number + * of further adaptations. + * 2. SynchronousQueues must block threads waiting to become + * fulfilled. + * 3. Support for cancellation via timeout and interrupts, + * including cleaning out cancelled nodes/threads + * from lists to avoid garbage retention and memory depletion. + * + * Blocking is mainly accomplished using LockSupport park/unpark, + * except that nodes that appear to be the next ones to become + * fulfilled first spin a bit (on multiprocessors only). On very + * busy synchronous queues, spinning can dramatically improve + * throughput. And on less busy ones, the amount of spinning is + * small enough not to be noticeable. + * + * Cleaning is done in different ways in queues vs stacks. For + * queues, we can almost always remove a node immediately in O(1) + * time (modulo retries for consistency checks) when it is + * cancelled. But if it may be pinned as the current tail, it must + * wait until some subsequent cancellation. For stacks, we need a + * potentially O(n) traversal to be sure that we can remove the + * node, but this can run concurrently with other threads + * accessing the stack. + * + * While garbage collection takes care of most node reclamation + * issues that otherwise complicate nonblocking algorithms, care + * is taken to "forget" references to data, other nodes, and + * threads that might be held on to long-term by blocked + * threads. In cases where setting to null would otherwise + * conflict with main algorithms, this is done by changing a + * node's link to now point to the node itself. This doesn't arise + * much for Stack nodes (because blocked threads do not hang on to + * old head pointers), but references in Queue nodes must be + * aggressively forgotten to avoid reachability of everything any + * node has ever referred to since arrival. + */ + + /** + * Shared internal API for dual stacks and queues. + */ + static abstract class Transferer { + /** + * Performs a put or take. + * + * @param e if non-null, the item to be handed to a consumer; + * if null, requests that transfer return an item + * offered by producer. + * @param timed if this operation should timeout + * @param nanos the timeout, in nanoseconds + * @return if non-null, the item provided or received; if null, + * the operation failed due to timeout or interrupt -- + * the caller can distinguish which of these occurred + * by checking Thread.interrupted. + */ + abstract Object transfer(Object e, boolean timed, long nanos); + } + + /** The number of CPUs, for spin control */ + static final int NCPUS = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(); + + /** + * The number of times to spin before blocking in timed waits. + * The value is empirically derived -- it works well across a + * variety of processors and OSes. Empirically, the best value + * seems not to vary with number of CPUs (beyond 2) so is just + * a constant. + */ + static final int maxTimedSpins = (NCPUS < 2)? 0 : 32; + + /** + * The number of times to spin before blocking in untimed waits. + * This is greater than timed value because untimed waits spin + * faster since they don't need to check times on each spin. + */ + static final int maxUntimedSpins = maxTimedSpins * 16; + + /** + * The number of nanoseconds for which it is faster to spin + * rather than to use timed park. A rough estimate suffices. + */ + static final long spinForTimeoutThreshold = 1000L; + + /** Dual stack */ + static final class TransferStack extends Transferer { + /* + * This extends Scherer-Scott dual stack algorithm, differing, + * among other ways, by using "covering" nodes rather than + * bit-marked pointers: Fulfilling operations push on marker + * nodes (with FULFILLING bit set in mode) to reserve a spot + * to match a waiting node. + */ + + /* Modes for SNodes, ORed together in node fields */ + /** Node represents an unfulfilled consumer */ + static final int REQUEST = 0; + /** Node represents an unfulfilled producer */ + static final int DATA = 1; + /** Node is fulfilling another unfulfilled DATA or REQUEST */ + static final int FULFILLING = 2; + + /** Return true if m has fulfilling bit set */ + static boolean isFulfilling(int m) { return (m & FULFILLING) != 0; } + + /** Node class for TransferStacks. */ + static final class SNode { + volatile SNode next; // next node in stack + volatile SNode match; // the node matched to this + volatile Thread waiter; // to control park/unpark + Object item; // data; or null for REQUESTs + int mode; + // Note: item and mode fields don't need to be volatile + // since they are always written before, and read after, + // other volatile/atomic operations. + + SNode(Object item) { + this.item = item; + } + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + nextUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (SNode.class, SNode.class, "next"); + + boolean casNext(SNode cmp, SNode val) { + return (cmp == next && + nextUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val)); + } + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + matchUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (SNode.class, SNode.class, "match"); + + /** + * Tries to match node s to this node, if so, waking up thread. + * Fulfillers call tryMatch to identify their waiters. + * Waiters block until they have been matched. + * + * @param s the node to match + * @return true if successfully matched to s + */ + boolean tryMatch(SNode s) { + if (match == null && + matchUpdater.compareAndSet(this, null, s)) { + Thread w = waiter; + if (w != null) { // waiters need at most one unpark + waiter = null; + LockSupport.unpark(w); + } + return true; + } + return match == s; + } + + /** + * Tries to cancel a wait by matching node to itself. + */ + void tryCancel() { + matchUpdater.compareAndSet(this, null, this); + } + + boolean isCancelled() { + return match == this; + } + } + + /** The head (top) of the stack */ + volatile SNode head; + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + headUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (TransferStack.class, SNode.class, "head"); + + boolean casHead(SNode h, SNode nh) { + return h == head && headUpdater.compareAndSet(this, h, nh); + } + + /** + * Creates or resets fields of a node. Called only from transfer + * where the node to push on stack is lazily created and + * reused when possible to help reduce intervals between reads + * and CASes of head and to avoid surges of garbage when CASes + * to push nodes fail due to contention. + */ + static SNode snode(SNode s, Object e, SNode next, int mode) { + if (s == null) s = new SNode(e); + s.mode = mode; + s.next = next; + return s; + } + + /** + * Puts or takes an item. + */ + Object transfer(Object e, boolean timed, long nanos) { + /* + * Basic algorithm is to loop trying one of three actions: + * + * 1. If apparently empty or already containing nodes of same + * mode, try to push node on stack and wait for a match, + * returning it, or null if cancelled. + * + * 2. If apparently containing node of complementary mode, + * try to push a fulfilling node on to stack, match + * with corresponding waiting node, pop both from + * stack, and return matched item. The matching or + * unlinking might not actually be necessary because of + * other threads performing action 3: + * + * 3. If top of stack already holds another fulfilling node, + * help it out by doing its match and/or pop + * operations, and then continue. The code for helping + * is essentially the same as for fulfilling, except + * that it doesn't return the item. + */ + + SNode s = null; // constructed/reused as needed + int mode = (e == null)? REQUEST : DATA; + + for (;;) { + SNode h = head; + if (h == null || h.mode == mode) { // empty or same-mode + if (timed && nanos <= 0) { // can't wait + if (h != null && h.isCancelled()) + casHead(h, h.next); // pop cancelled node + else + return null; + } else if (casHead(h, s = snode(s, e, h, mode))) { + SNode m = awaitFulfill(s, timed, nanos); + if (m == s) { // wait was cancelled + clean(s); + return null; + } + if ((h = head) != null && h.next == s) + casHead(h, s.next); // help s's fulfiller + return mode == REQUEST? m.item : s.item; + } + } else if (!isFulfilling(h.mode)) { // try to fulfill + if (h.isCancelled()) // already cancelled + casHead(h, h.next); // pop and retry + else if (casHead(h, s=snode(s, e, h, FULFILLING|mode))) { + for (;;) { // loop until matched or waiters disappear + SNode m = s.next; // m is s's match + if (m == null) { // all waiters are gone + casHead(s, null); // pop fulfill node + s = null; // use new node next time + break; // restart main loop + } + SNode mn = m.next; + if (m.tryMatch(s)) { + casHead(s, mn); // pop both s and m + return (mode == REQUEST)? m.item : s.item; + } else // lost match + s.casNext(m, mn); // help unlink + } + } + } else { // help a fulfiller + SNode m = h.next; // m is h's match + if (m == null) // waiter is gone + casHead(h, null); // pop fulfilling node + else { + SNode mn = m.next; + if (m.tryMatch(h)) // help match + casHead(h, mn); // pop both h and m + else // lost match + h.casNext(m, mn); // help unlink + } + } + } + } + + /** + * Spins/blocks until node s is matched by a fulfill operation. + * + * @param s the waiting node + * @param timed true if timed wait + * @param nanos timeout value + * @return matched node, or s if cancelled + */ + SNode awaitFulfill(SNode s, boolean timed, long nanos) { + /* + * When a node/thread is about to block, it sets its waiter + * field and then rechecks state at least one more time + * before actually parking, thus covering race vs + * fulfiller noticing that waiter is non-null so should be + * woken. + * + * When invoked by nodes that appear at the point of call + * to be at the head of the stack, calls to park are + * preceded by spins to avoid blocking when producers and + * consumers are arriving very close in time. This can + * happen enough to bother only on multiprocessors. + * + * The order of checks for returning out of main loop + * reflects fact that interrupts have precedence over + * normal returns, which have precedence over + * timeouts. (So, on timeout, one last check for match is + * done before giving up.) Except that calls from untimed + * SynchronousQueue.{poll/offer} don't check interrupts + * and don't wait at all, so are trapped in transfer + * method rather than calling awaitFulfill. + */ + long lastTime = (timed)? System.nanoTime() : 0; + Thread w = Thread.currentThread(); + SNode h = head; + int spins = (shouldSpin(s)? + (timed? maxTimedSpins : maxUntimedSpins) : 0); + for (;;) { + if (w.isInterrupted()) + s.tryCancel(); + SNode m = s.match; + if (m != null) + return m; + if (timed) { + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanos -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (nanos <= 0) { + s.tryCancel(); + continue; + } + } + if (spins > 0) + spins = shouldSpin(s)? (spins-1) : 0; + else if (s.waiter == null) + s.waiter = w; // establish waiter so can park next iter + else if (!timed) + LockSupport.park(this); + else if (nanos > spinForTimeoutThreshold) + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanos); + } + } + + /** + * Returns true if node s is at head or there is an active + * fulfiller. + */ + boolean shouldSpin(SNode s) { + SNode h = head; + return (h == s || h == null || isFulfilling(h.mode)); + } + + /** + * Unlinks s from the stack. + */ + void clean(SNode s) { + s.item = null; // forget item + s.waiter = null; // forget thread + + /* + * At worst we may need to traverse entire stack to unlink + * s. If there are multiple concurrent calls to clean, we + * might not see s if another thread has already removed + * it. But we can stop when we see any node known to + * follow s. We use s.next unless it too is cancelled, in + * which case we try the node one past. We don't check any + * further because we don't want to doubly traverse just to + * find sentinel. + */ + + SNode past = s.next; + if (past != null && past.isCancelled()) + past = past.next; + + // Absorb cancelled nodes at head + SNode p; + while ((p = head) != null && p != past && p.isCancelled()) + casHead(p, p.next); + + // Unsplice embedded nodes + while (p != null && p != past) { + SNode n = p.next; + if (n != null && n.isCancelled()) + p.casNext(n, n.next); + else + p = n; + } + } + } + + /** Dual Queue */ + static final class TransferQueue extends Transferer { + /* + * This extends Scherer-Scott dual queue algorithm, differing, + * among other ways, by using modes within nodes rather than + * marked pointers. The algorithm is a little simpler than + * that for stacks because fulfillers do not need explicit + * nodes, and matching is done by CAS'ing QNode.item field + * from non-null to null (for put) or vice versa (for take). + */ + + /** Node class for TransferQueue. */ + static final class QNode { + volatile QNode next; // next node in queue + volatile Object item; // CAS'ed to or from null + volatile Thread waiter; // to control park/unpark + final boolean isData; + + QNode(Object item, boolean isData) { + this.item = item; + this.isData = isData; + } + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + nextUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (QNode.class, QNode.class, "next"); + + boolean casNext(QNode cmp, QNode val) { + return (next == cmp && + nextUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val)); + } + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + itemUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (QNode.class, Object.class, "item"); + + boolean casItem(Object cmp, Object val) { + return (item == cmp && + itemUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val)); + } + + /** + * Tries to cancel by CAS'ing ref to this as item. + */ + void tryCancel(Object cmp) { + itemUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, this); + } + + boolean isCancelled() { + return item == this; + } + + /** + * Returns true if this node is known to be off the queue + * because its next pointer has been forgotten due to + * an advanceHead operation. + */ + boolean isOffList() { + return next == this; + } + } + + /** Head of queue */ + transient volatile QNode head; + /** Tail of queue */ + transient volatile QNode tail; + /** + * Reference to a cancelled node that might not yet have been + * unlinked from queue because it was the last inserted node + * when it cancelled. + */ + transient volatile QNode cleanMe; + + TransferQueue() { + QNode h = new QNode(null, false); // initialize to dummy node. + head = h; + tail = h; + } + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + headUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (TransferQueue.class, QNode.class, "head"); + + /** + * Tries to cas nh as new head; if successful, unlink + * old head's next node to avoid garbage retention. + */ + void advanceHead(QNode h, QNode nh) { + if (h == head && headUpdater.compareAndSet(this, h, nh)) + h.next = h; // forget old next + } + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + tailUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (TransferQueue.class, QNode.class, "tail"); + + /** + * Tries to cas nt as new tail. + */ + void advanceTail(QNode t, QNode nt) { + if (tail == t) + tailUpdater.compareAndSet(this, t, nt); + } + + static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater + cleanMeUpdater = AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater + (TransferQueue.class, QNode.class, "cleanMe"); + + /** + * Tries to CAS cleanMe slot. + */ + boolean casCleanMe(QNode cmp, QNode val) { + return (cleanMe == cmp && + cleanMeUpdater.compareAndSet(this, cmp, val)); + } + + /** + * Puts or takes an item. + */ + Object transfer(Object e, boolean timed, long nanos) { + /* Basic algorithm is to loop trying to take either of + * two actions: + * + * 1. If queue apparently empty or holding same-mode nodes, + * try to add node to queue of waiters, wait to be + * fulfilled (or cancelled) and return matching item. + * + * 2. If queue apparently contains waiting items, and this + * call is of complementary mode, try to fulfill by CAS'ing + * item field of waiting node and dequeuing it, and then + * returning matching item. + * + * In each case, along the way, check for and try to help + * advance head and tail on behalf of other stalled/slow + * threads. + * + * The loop starts off with a null check guarding against + * seeing uninitialized head or tail values. This never + * happens in current SynchronousQueue, but could if + * callers held non-volatile/final ref to the + * transferer. The check is here anyway because it places + * null checks at top of loop, which is usually faster + * than having them implicitly interspersed. + */ + + QNode s = null; // constructed/reused as needed + boolean isData = (e != null); + + for (;;) { + QNode t = tail; + QNode h = head; + if (t == null || h == null) // saw uninitialized value + continue; // spin + + if (h == t || t.isData == isData) { // empty or same-mode + QNode tn = t.next; + if (t != tail) // inconsistent read + continue; + if (tn != null) { // lagging tail + advanceTail(t, tn); + continue; + } + if (timed && nanos <= 0) // can't wait + return null; + if (s == null) + s = new QNode(e, isData); + if (!t.casNext(null, s)) // failed to link in + continue; + + advanceTail(t, s); // swing tail and wait + Object x = awaitFulfill(s, e, timed, nanos); + if (x == s) { // wait was cancelled + clean(t, s); + return null; + } + + if (!s.isOffList()) { // not already unlinked + advanceHead(t, s); // unlink if head + if (x != null) // and forget fields + s.item = s; + s.waiter = null; + } + return (x != null)? x : e; + + } else { // complementary-mode + QNode m = h.next; // node to fulfill + if (t != tail || m == null || h != head) + continue; // inconsistent read + + Object x = m.item; + if (isData == (x != null) || // m already fulfilled + x == m || // m cancelled + !m.casItem(x, e)) { // lost CAS + advanceHead(h, m); // dequeue and retry + continue; + } + + advanceHead(h, m); // successfully fulfilled + LockSupport.unpark(m.waiter); + return (x != null)? x : e; + } + } + } + + /** + * Spins/blocks until node s is fulfilled. + * + * @param s the waiting node + * @param e the comparison value for checking match + * @param timed true if timed wait + * @param nanos timeout value + * @return matched item, or s if cancelled + */ + Object awaitFulfill(QNode s, Object e, boolean timed, long nanos) { + /* Same idea as TransferStack.awaitFulfill */ + long lastTime = (timed)? System.nanoTime() : 0; + Thread w = Thread.currentThread(); + int spins = ((head.next == s) ? + (timed? maxTimedSpins : maxUntimedSpins) : 0); + for (;;) { + if (w.isInterrupted()) + s.tryCancel(e); + Object x = s.item; + if (x != e) + return x; + if (timed) { + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanos -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (nanos <= 0) { + s.tryCancel(e); + continue; + } + } + if (spins > 0) + --spins; + else if (s.waiter == null) + s.waiter = w; + else if (!timed) + LockSupport.park(this); + else if (nanos > spinForTimeoutThreshold) + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanos); + } + } + + /** + * Gets rid of cancelled node s with original predecessor pred. + */ + void clean(QNode pred, QNode s) { + s.waiter = null; // forget thread + /* + * At any given time, exactly one node on list cannot be + * deleted -- the last inserted node. To accommodate this, + * if we cannot delete s, we save its predecessor as + * "cleanMe", deleting the previously saved version + * first. At least one of node s or the node previously + * saved can always be deleted, so this always terminates. + */ + while (pred.next == s) { // Return early if already unlinked + QNode h = head; + QNode hn = h.next; // Absorb cancelled first node as head + if (hn != null && hn.isCancelled()) { + advanceHead(h, hn); + continue; + } + QNode t = tail; // Ensure consistent read for tail + if (t == h) + return; + QNode tn = t.next; + if (t != tail) + continue; + if (tn != null) { + advanceTail(t, tn); + continue; + } + if (s != t) { // If not tail, try to unsplice + QNode sn = s.next; + if (sn == s || pred.casNext(s, sn)) + return; + } + QNode dp = cleanMe; + if (dp != null) { // Try unlinking previous cancelled node + QNode d = dp.next; + QNode dn; + if (d == null || // d is gone or + d == dp || // d is off list or + !d.isCancelled() || // d not cancelled or + (d != t && // d not tail and + (dn = d.next) != null && // has successor + dn != d && // that is on list + dp.casNext(d, dn))) // d unspliced + casCleanMe(dp, null); + if (dp == pred) + return; // s is already saved node + } else if (casCleanMe(null, pred)) + return; // Postpone cleaning s + } + } + } + + /** + * The transferer. Set only in constructor, but cannot be declared + * as final without further complicating serialization. Since + * this is accessed only at most once per public method, there + * isn't a noticeable performance penalty for using volatile + * instead of final here. + */ + private transient volatile Transferer transferer; + + /** + * Creates a SynchronousQueue with nonfair access policy. + */ + public SynchronousQueue() { + this(false); + } + + /** + * Creates a SynchronousQueue with the specified fairness policy. + * + * @param fair if true, waiting threads contend in FIFO order for + * access; otherwise the order is unspecified. + */ + public SynchronousQueue(boolean fair) { + transferer = (fair)? new TransferQueue() : new TransferStack(); + } + + /** + * Adds the specified element to this queue, waiting if necessary for + * another thread to receive it. + * + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public void put(E o) throws InterruptedException { + if (o == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + if (transferer.transfer(o, false, 0) == null) { + Thread.interrupted(); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this queue, waiting if necessary + * up to the specified wait time for another thread to receive it. + * + * @return true if successful, or false if the + * specified waiting time elapses before a consumer appears. + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public boolean offer(E o, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + if (o == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + if (transferer.transfer(o, true, unit.toNanos(timeout)) != null) + return true; + if (!Thread.interrupted()) + return false; + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Inserts the specified element into this queue, if another thread is + * waiting to receive it. + * + * @param e the element to add + * @return true if the element was added to this queue, else + * false + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null + */ + public boolean offer(E e) { + if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException(); + return transferer.transfer(e, true, 0) != null; + } + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting if necessary + * for another thread to insert it. + * + * @return the head of this queue + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E take() throws InterruptedException { + Object e = transferer.transfer(null, false, 0); + if (e != null) + return (E)e; + Thread.interrupted(); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, waiting + * if necessary up to the specified wait time, for another thread + * to insert it. + * + * @return the head of this queue, or null if the + * specified waiting time elapses before an element is present. + * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + Object e = transferer.transfer(null, true, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + if (e != null || !Thread.interrupted()) + return (E)e; + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Retrieves and removes the head of this queue, if another thread + * is currently making an element available. + * + * @return the head of this queue, or null if no + * element is available. + */ + public E poll() { + return (E)transferer.transfer(null, true, 0); + } + + /** + * Always returns true. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @return true + */ + public boolean isEmpty() { + return true; + } + + /** + * Always returns zero. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @return zero. + */ + public int size() { + return 0; + } + + /** + * Always returns zero. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @return zero. + */ + public int remainingCapacity() { + return 0; + } + + /** + * Does nothing. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + */ + public void clear() { + } + + /** + * Always returns false. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @param o the element + * @return false + */ + public boolean contains(Object o) { + return false; + } + + /** + * Always returns false. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @param o the element to remove + * @return false + */ + public boolean remove(Object o) { + return false; + } + + /** + * Returns false unless the given collection is empty. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @param c the collection + * @return false unless given collection is empty + */ + public boolean containsAll(Collection c) { + return c.isEmpty(); + } + + /** + * Always returns false. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @param c the collection + * @return false + */ + public boolean removeAll(Collection c) { + return false; + } + + /** + * Always returns false. + * A SynchronousQueue has no internal capacity. + * + * @param c the collection + * @return false + */ + public boolean retainAll(Collection c) { + return false; + } + + /** + * Always returns null. + * A SynchronousQueue does not return elements + * unless actively waited on. + * + * @return null + */ + public E peek() { + return null; + } + + static class EmptyIterator implements Iterator { + public boolean hasNext() { + return false; + } + public E next() { + throw new NoSuchElementException(); + } + public void remove() { + throw new IllegalStateException(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns an empty iterator in which hasNext always returns + * false. + * + * @return an empty iterator + */ + public Iterator iterator() { + return new EmptyIterator(); + } + + /** + * Returns a zero-length array. + * @return a zero-length array + */ + public Object[] toArray() { + return new Object[0]; + } + + /** + * Sets the zeroeth element of the specified array to null + * (if the array has non-zero length) and returns it. + * + * @param a the array + * @return the specified array + * @throws NullPointerException if the specified array is null + */ + public T[] toArray(T[] a) { + if (a.length > 0) + a[0] = null; + return a; + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + int n = 0; + E e; + while ( (e = poll()) != null) { + c.add(e); + ++n; + } + return n; + } + + /** + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws ClassCastException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} + * @throws IllegalArgumentException {@inheritDoc} + */ + public int drainTo(Collection c, int maxElements) { + if (c == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (c == this) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + int n = 0; + E e; + while (n < maxElements && (e = poll()) != null) { + c.add(e); + ++n; + } + return n; + } + + /* + * To cope with serialization strategy in the 1.5 version of + * SynchronousQueue, we declare some unused classes and fields + * that exist solely to enable serializability across versions. + * These fields are never used, so are initialized only if this + * object is ever serialized or deserialized. + */ + + static class WaitQueue implements java.io.Serializable { } + static class LifoWaitQueue extends WaitQueue { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -3633113410248163686L; + } + static class FifoWaitQueue extends WaitQueue { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -3623113410248163686L; + } + private ReentrantLock qlock; + private WaitQueue waitingProducers; + private WaitQueue waitingConsumers; + + /** + * Save the state to a stream (that is, serialize it). + * + * @param s the stream + */ + private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException { + boolean fair = transferer instanceof TransferQueue; + if (fair) { + qlock = new ReentrantLock(true); + waitingProducers = new FifoWaitQueue(); + waitingConsumers = new FifoWaitQueue(); + } + else { + qlock = new ReentrantLock(); + waitingProducers = new LifoWaitQueue(); + waitingConsumers = new LifoWaitQueue(); + } + s.defaultWriteObject(); + } + + private void readObject(final java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + s.defaultReadObject(); + if (waitingProducers instanceof FifoWaitQueue) + transferer = new TransferQueue(); + else + transferer = new TransferStack(); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadFactory.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadFactory.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eca8dceb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadFactory.java @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * An object that creates new threads on demand. Using thread factories + * removes hardwiring of calls to {@link Thread#Thread(Runnable) new Thread}, + * enabling applications to use special thread subclasses, priorities, etc. + * + *

+ * The simplest implementation of this interface is just: + * 

+ * class SimpleThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
+ *   public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
+ *     return new Thread(r);
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + * The {@link Executors#defaultThreadFactory} method provides a more + * useful simple implementation, that sets the created thread context + * to known values before returning it. + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface ThreadFactory { + + /** + * Constructs a new Thread. Implementations may also initialize + * priority, name, daemon status, ThreadGroup, etc. + * + * @param r a runnable to be executed by new thread instance + * @return constructed thread + */ + Thread newThread(Runnable r); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadPoolExecutor.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadPoolExecutor.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e303f14a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/ThreadPoolExecutor.java @@ -0,0 +1,1605 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; +import java.util.concurrent.locks.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An {@link ExecutorService} that executes each submitted task using + * one of possibly several pooled threads, normally configured + * using {@link Executors} factory methods. + * + *

Thread pools address two different problems: they usually + * provide improved performance when executing large numbers of + * asynchronous tasks, due to reduced per-task invocation overhead, + * and they provide a means of bounding and managing the resources, + * including threads, consumed when executing a collection of tasks. + * Each ThreadPoolExecutor also maintains some basic + * statistics, such as the number of completed tasks. + * + *

To be useful across a wide range of contexts, this class + * provides many adjustable parameters and extensibility + * hooks. However, programmers are urged to use the more convenient + * {@link Executors} factory methods {@link + * Executors#newCachedThreadPool} (unbounded thread pool, with + * automatic thread reclamation), {@link Executors#newFixedThreadPool} + * (fixed size thread pool) and {@link + * Executors#newSingleThreadExecutor} (single background thread), that + * preconfigure settings for the most common usage + * scenarios. Otherwise, use the following guide when manually + * configuring and tuning this class: + * + *

+ * + *
Core and maximum pool sizes
+ * + *
A ThreadPoolExecutor will automatically adjust the + * pool size + * (see {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#getPoolSize}) + * according to the bounds set by corePoolSize + * (see {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#getCorePoolSize}) + * and + * maximumPoolSize + * (see {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#getMaximumPoolSize}). + * When a new task is submitted in method {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#execute}, and fewer than corePoolSize threads + * are running, a new thread is created to handle the request, even if + * other worker threads are idle. If there are more than + * corePoolSize but less than maximumPoolSize threads running, a new + * thread will be created only if the queue is full. By setting + * corePoolSize and maximumPoolSize the same, you create a fixed-size + * thread pool. By setting maximumPoolSize to an essentially unbounded + * value such as Integer.MAX_VALUE, you allow the pool to + * accommodate an arbitrary number of concurrent tasks. Most typically, + * core and maximum pool sizes are set only upon construction, but they + * may also be changed dynamically using {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#setCorePoolSize} and {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#setMaximumPoolSize}.
+ * + *
On-demand construction + * + *
By default, even core threads are initially created and + * started only when new tasks arrive, but this can be overridden + * dynamically using method {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#prestartCoreThread} or + * {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#prestartAllCoreThreads}. + * You probably want to prestart threads if you construct the + * pool with a non-empty queue.
+ * + *
Creating new threads
+ * + *
New threads are created using a {@link + * java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory}. If not otherwise specified, a + * {@link Executors#defaultThreadFactory} is used, that creates threads to all + * be in the same {@link ThreadGroup} and with the same + * NORM_PRIORITY priority and non-daemon status. By supplying + * a different ThreadFactory, you can alter the thread's name, thread + * group, priority, daemon status, etc. If a ThreadFactory fails to create + * a thread when asked by returning null from newThread, + * the executor will continue, but might + * not be able to execute any tasks.
+ * + *
Keep-alive times
+ * + *
If the pool currently has more than corePoolSize threads, + * excess threads will be terminated if they have been idle for more + * than the keepAliveTime (see {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#getKeepAliveTime}). This provides a means of + * reducing resource consumption when the pool is not being actively + * used. If the pool becomes more active later, new threads will be + * constructed. This parameter can also be changed dynamically using + * method {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#setKeepAliveTime}. Using a value + * of Long.MAX_VALUE {@link TimeUnit#NANOSECONDS} effectively + * disables idle threads from ever terminating prior to shut down. By + * default, the keep-alive policy applies only when there are more + * than corePoolSizeThreads. But method {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#allowCoreThreadTimeOut} can be used to apply + * this time-out policy to core threads as well, so long as + * the keepAliveTime value is non-zero.
+ * + *
Queuing
+ * + *
Any {@link BlockingQueue} may be used to transfer and hold + * submitted tasks. The use of this queue interacts with pool sizing: + * + *
    + * + *
  • If fewer than corePoolSize threads are running, the Executor + * always prefers adding a new thread + * rather than queuing.
    • + * + *
  • If corePoolSize or more threads are running, the Executor + * always prefers queuing a request rather than adding a new + * thread.
    • + * + *
  • If a request cannot be queued, a new thread is created unless + * this would exceed maximumPoolSize, in which case, the task will be + * rejected.
    • + * + *
+ * + * There are three general strategies for queuing: + *
    + * + *
  1. Direct handoffs. A good default choice for a work + * queue is a {@link SynchronousQueue} that hands off tasks to threads + * without otherwise holding them. Here, an attempt to queue a task + * will fail if no threads are immediately available to run it, so a + * new thread will be constructed. This policy avoids lockups when + * handling sets of requests that might have internal dependencies. + * Direct handoffs generally require unbounded maximumPoolSizes to + * avoid rejection of new submitted tasks. This in turn admits the + * possibility of unbounded thread growth when commands continue to + * arrive on average faster than they can be processed.
    2. + * + *
  2. Unbounded queues. Using an unbounded queue (for + * example a {@link LinkedBlockingQueue} without a predefined + * capacity) will cause new tasks to wait in the queue when all + * corePoolSize threads are busy. Thus, no more than corePoolSize + * threads will ever be created. (And the value of the maximumPoolSize + * therefore doesn't have any effect.) This may be appropriate when + * each task is completely independent of others, so tasks cannot + * affect each others execution; for example, in a web page server. + * While this style of queuing can be useful in smoothing out + * transient bursts of requests, it admits the possibility of + * unbounded work queue growth when commands continue to arrive on + * average faster than they can be processed.
    3. + * + *
  3. Bounded queues. A bounded queue (for example, an + * {@link ArrayBlockingQueue}) helps prevent resource exhaustion when + * used with finite maximumPoolSizes, but can be more difficult to + * tune and control. Queue sizes and maximum pool sizes may be traded + * off for each other: Using large queues and small pools minimizes + * CPU usage, OS resources, and context-switching overhead, but can + * lead to artificially low throughput. If tasks frequently block (for + * example if they are I/O bound), a system may be able to schedule + * time for more threads than you otherwise allow. Use of small queues + * generally requires larger pool sizes, which keeps CPUs busier but + * may encounter unacceptable scheduling overhead, which also + * decreases throughput.
    4. + * + *
+ * + *
+ * + *
Rejected tasks
+ * + *
New tasks submitted in method {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#execute} will be rejected when the + * Executor has been shut down, and also when the Executor uses finite + * bounds for both maximum threads and work queue capacity, and is + * saturated. In either case, the execute method invokes the + * {@link RejectedExecutionHandler#rejectedExecution} method of its + * {@link RejectedExecutionHandler}. Four predefined handler policies + * are provided: + * + *
    + * + *
  1. In the + * default {@link ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy}, the handler throws a + * runtime {@link RejectedExecutionException} upon rejection.
    2. + * + *
  2. In {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy}, the thread that invokes + * execute itself runs the task. This provides a simple + * feedback control mechanism that will slow down the rate that new + * tasks are submitted.
    3. + * + *
  3. In {@link ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy}, + * a task that cannot be executed is simply dropped.
    4. + * + *
  4. In {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy}, if the executor is not + * shut down, the task at the head of the work queue is dropped, and + * then execution is retried (which can fail again, causing this to be + * repeated.)
    5. + * + *
+ * + * It is possible to define and use other kinds of {@link + * RejectedExecutionHandler} classes. Doing so requires some care + * especially when policies are designed to work only under particular + * capacity or queuing policies.
+ * + *
Hook methods
+ * + *
This class provides protected overridable {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#beforeExecute} and {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#afterExecute} methods that are called before and + * after execution of each task. These can be used to manipulate the + * execution environment; for example, reinitializing ThreadLocals, + * gathering statistics, or adding log entries. Additionally, method + * {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#terminated} can be overridden to perform + * any special processing that needs to be done once the Executor has + * fully terminated. + * + *

If hook or callback methods throw + * exceptions, internal worker threads may in turn fail and + * abruptly terminate.

+ * + *
Queue maintenance
+ * + *
Method {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#getQueue} allows access to + * the work queue for purposes of monitoring and debugging. Use of + * this method for any other purpose is strongly discouraged. Two + * supplied methods, {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#remove} and {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#purge} are available to assist in storage + * reclamation when large numbers of queued tasks become + * cancelled.
+ * + *
Finalization
+ * + *
A pool that is no longer referenced in a program AND + * has no remaining threads will be shutdown + * automatically. If you would like to ensure that unreferenced pools + * are reclaimed even if users forget to call {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#shutdown}, then you must arrange that unused + * threads eventually die, by setting appropriate keep-alive times, + * using a lower bound of zero core threads and/or setting {@link + * ThreadPoolExecutor#allowCoreThreadTimeOut}.
+ * + *

Extension example. Most extensions of this class + * override one or more of the protected hook methods. For example, + * here is a subclass that adds a simple pause/resume feature: + * + * 

+ * class PausableThreadPoolExecutor extends ThreadPoolExecutor {
+ *   private boolean isPaused;
+ *   private ReentrantLock pauseLock = new ReentrantLock();
+ *   private Condition unpaused = pauseLock.newCondition();
+ *
+ *   public PausableThreadPoolExecutor(...) { super(...); }
+ *
+ *   protected void beforeExecute(Thread t, Runnable r) {
+ *     super.beforeExecute(t, r);
+ *     pauseLock.lock();
+ *     try {
+ *       while (isPaused) unpaused.await();
+ *     } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
+ *       t.interrupt();
+ *     } finally {
+ *       pauseLock.unlock();
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public void pause() {
+ *     pauseLock.lock();
+ *     try {
+ *       isPaused = true;
+ *     } finally {
+ *       pauseLock.unlock();
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public void resume() {
+ *     pauseLock.lock();
+ *     try {
+ *       isPaused = false;
+ *       unpaused.signalAll();
+ *     } finally {
+ *       pauseLock.unlock();
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class ThreadPoolExecutor extends AbstractExecutorService { + /** + * Only used to force toArray() to produce a Runnable[]. + */ + private static final Runnable[] EMPTY_RUNNABLE_ARRAY = new Runnable[0]; + + /** + * Permission for checking shutdown + */ + private static final RuntimePermission shutdownPerm = + new RuntimePermission("modifyThread"); + + /** + * Queue used for holding tasks and handing off to worker threads. + */ + private final BlockingQueue workQueue; + + /** + * Lock held on updates to poolSize, corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, and + * workers set. + */ + private final ReentrantLock mainLock = new ReentrantLock(); + + /** + * Wait condition to support awaitTermination + */ + private final Condition termination = mainLock.newCondition(); + + /** + * Set containing all worker threads in pool. + */ + private final HashSet workers = new HashSet(); + + /** + * Timeout in nanoseconds for idle threads waiting for work. + * Threads use this timeout only when there are more than + * corePoolSize present. Otherwise they wait forever for new work. + */ + private volatile long keepAliveTime; + + /** + * If false (default) core threads stay alive even when idle. + * If true, core threads use keepAliveTime to time out waiting for work. + */ + private volatile boolean allowCoreThreadTimeOut; + + /** + * Core pool size, updated only while holding mainLock, + * but volatile to allow concurrent readability even + * during updates. + */ + private volatile int corePoolSize; + + /** + * Maximum pool size, updated only while holding mainLock + * but volatile to allow concurrent readability even + * during updates. + */ + private volatile int maximumPoolSize; + + /** + * Current pool size, updated only while holding mainLock + * but volatile to allow concurrent readability even + * during updates. + */ + private volatile int poolSize; + + /** + * Lifecycle state + */ + volatile int runState; + + // Special values for runState + /** Normal, not-shutdown mode */ + static final int RUNNING = 0; + /** Controlled shutdown mode */ + static final int SHUTDOWN = 1; + /** Immediate shutdown mode */ + static final int STOP = 2; + /** Final state */ + static final int TERMINATED = 3; + + /** + * Handler called when saturated or shutdown in execute. + */ + private volatile RejectedExecutionHandler handler; + + /** + * Factory for new threads. + */ + private volatile ThreadFactory threadFactory; + + /** + * Tracks largest attained pool size. + */ + private int largestPoolSize; + + /** + * Counter for completed tasks. Updated only on termination of + * worker threads. + */ + private long completedTaskCount; + + /** + * The default rejected execution handler + */ + private static final RejectedExecutionHandler defaultHandler = + new AbortPolicy(); + + /** + * Invokes the rejected execution handler for the given command. + */ + void reject(Runnable command) { + handler.rejectedExecution(command, this); + } + + /** + * Creates and returns a new thread running firstTask as its first + * task. Call only while holding mainLock. + * @param firstTask the task the new thread should run first (or + * null if none) + * @return the new thread, or null if threadFactory fails to create thread + */ + private Thread addThread(Runnable firstTask) { + if (runState == TERMINATED) // Don't create thread if terminated + return null; + Worker w = new Worker(firstTask); + Thread t = threadFactory.newThread(w); + if (t != null) { + w.thread = t; + workers.add(w); + int nt = ++poolSize; + if (nt > largestPoolSize) + largestPoolSize = nt; + } + return t; + } + + /** + * Creates and starts a new thread running firstTask as its first + * task, only if fewer than corePoolSize threads are running. + * @param firstTask the task the new thread should run first (or + * null if none) + * @return true if successful. + */ + private boolean addIfUnderCorePoolSize(Runnable firstTask) { + Thread t = null; + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + if (poolSize < corePoolSize) + t = addThread(firstTask); + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + if (t == null) + return false; + t.start(); + return true; + } + + /** + * Creates and starts a new thread only if fewer than maximumPoolSize + * threads are running. The new thread runs as its first task the + * next task in queue, or if there is none, the given task. + * @param firstTask the task the new thread should run first (or + * null if none) + * @return 0 if a new thread cannot be created, a positive number + * if firstTask will be run in a new thread, or a negative number + * if a new thread was created but is running some other task, in + * which case the caller must try some other way to run firstTask + * (perhaps by calling this method again). + */ + private int addIfUnderMaximumPoolSize(Runnable firstTask) { + Thread t = null; + int status = 0; + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + if (poolSize < maximumPoolSize) { + Runnable next = workQueue.poll(); + if (next == null) { + next = firstTask; + status = 1; + } else + status = -1; + t = addThread(next); + } + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + if (t == null) + return 0; + t.start(); + return status; + } + + + /** + * Gets the next task for a worker thread to run. + * @return the task + */ + Runnable getTask() { + for (;;) { + try { + switch (runState) { + case RUNNING: { + // untimed wait if core and not allowing core timeout + if (poolSize <= corePoolSize && !allowCoreThreadTimeOut) + return workQueue.take(); + + long timeout = keepAliveTime; + if (timeout <= 0) // die immediately for 0 timeout + return null; + Runnable r = workQueue.poll(timeout, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + if (r != null) + return r; + if (poolSize > corePoolSize || allowCoreThreadTimeOut) + return null; // timed out + // Else, after timeout, the pool shrank. Retry + break; + } + + case SHUTDOWN: { + // Help drain queue + Runnable r = workQueue.poll(); + if (r != null) + return r; + + // Check if can terminate + if (workQueue.isEmpty()) { + interruptIdleWorkers(); + return null; + } + + // Else there could still be delayed tasks in queue. + return workQueue.take(); + } + + case STOP: + return null; + default: + assert false; + } + } catch (InterruptedException ie) { + // On interruption, re-check runstate + } + } + } + + /** + * Wakes up all threads that might be waiting for tasks. + */ + void interruptIdleWorkers() { + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + for (Worker w : workers) + w.interruptIfIdle(); + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Performs bookkeeping for a terminated worker thread. + * @param w the worker + */ + void workerDone(Worker w) { + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + completedTaskCount += w.completedTasks; + workers.remove(w); + if (--poolSize > 0) + return; + + // Else, this is the last thread. Deal with potential shutdown. + + int state = runState; + assert state != TERMINATED; + + if (state != STOP) { + // If there are queued tasks but no threads, create + // replacement thread. We must create it initially + // idle to avoid orphaned tasks in case addThread + // fails. This also handles case of delayed tasks + // that will sometime later become runnable. + if (!workQueue.isEmpty()) { + Thread t = addThread(null); + if (t != null) + t.start(); + return; + } + + // Otherwise, we can exit without replacement + if (state == RUNNING) + return; + } + + // Either state is STOP, or state is SHUTDOWN and there is + // no work to do. So we can terminate. + termination.signalAll(); + runState = TERMINATED; + // fall through to call terminate() outside of lock. + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + + assert runState == TERMINATED; + terminated(); + } + + /** + * Worker threads + */ + private class Worker implements Runnable { + + /** + * The runLock is acquired and released surrounding each task + * execution. It mainly protects against interrupts that are + * intended to cancel the worker thread from instead + * interrupting the task being run. + */ + private final ReentrantLock runLock = new ReentrantLock(); + + /** + * Initial task to run before entering run loop + */ + private Runnable firstTask; + + /** + * Per thread completed task counter; accumulated + * into completedTaskCount upon termination. + */ + volatile long completedTasks; + + /** + * Thread this worker is running in. Acts as a final field, + * but cannot be set until thread is created. + */ + Thread thread; + + Worker(Runnable firstTask) { + this.firstTask = firstTask; + } + + boolean isActive() { + return runLock.isLocked(); + } + + /** + * Interrupts thread if not running a task. + */ + void interruptIfIdle() { + final ReentrantLock runLock = this.runLock; + if (runLock.tryLock()) { + try { + thread.interrupt(); + } finally { + runLock.unlock(); + } + } + } + + /** + * Interrupts thread even if running a task. + */ + void interruptNow() { + thread.interrupt(); + } + + /** + * Runs a single task between before/after methods. + */ + private void runTask(Runnable task) { + final ReentrantLock runLock = this.runLock; + runLock.lock(); + try { + // If not shutting down then clear an outstanding interrupt. + if (runState != STOP && + Thread.interrupted() && + runState == STOP) // Re-interrupt if stopped after clearing + thread.interrupt(); + boolean ran = false; + beforeExecute(thread, task); + try { + task.run(); + ran = true; + afterExecute(task, null); + ++completedTasks; + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + if (!ran) + afterExecute(task, ex); + // Else the exception occurred within + // afterExecute itself in which case we don't + // want to call it again. + throw ex; + } + } finally { + runLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Main run loop + */ + public void run() { + try { + Runnable task = firstTask; + firstTask = null; + while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) { + runTask(task); + task = null; // unnecessary but can help GC + } + } finally { + workerDone(this); + } + } + } + + // Public methods + + /** + * Creates a new ThreadPoolExecutor with the given initial + * parameters and default thread factory and rejected execution handler. + * It may be more convenient to use one of the {@link Executors} factory + * methods instead of this general purpose constructor. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the + * pool, even if they are idle. + * @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the + * pool. + * @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than + * the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads + * will wait for new tasks before terminating. + * @param unit the time unit for the keepAliveTime + * argument. + * @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they + * are executed. This queue will hold only the Runnable + * tasks submitted by the execute method. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize, or + * keepAliveTime less than zero, or if maximumPoolSize less than or + * equal to zero, or if corePoolSize greater than maximumPoolSize. + * @throws NullPointerException if workQueue is null + */ + public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, + int maximumPoolSize, + long keepAliveTime, + TimeUnit unit, + BlockingQueue workQueue) { + this(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue, + Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), defaultHandler); + } + + /** + * Creates a new ThreadPoolExecutor with the given initial + * parameters and default rejected execution handler. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the + * pool, even if they are idle. + * @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the + * pool. + * @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than + * the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads + * will wait for new tasks before terminating. + * @param unit the time unit for the keepAliveTime + * argument. + * @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they + * are executed. This queue will hold only the Runnable + * tasks submitted by the execute method. + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor + * creates a new thread. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize, or + * keepAliveTime less than zero, or if maximumPoolSize less than or + * equal to zero, or if corePoolSize greater than maximumPoolSize. + * @throws NullPointerException if workQueue + * or threadFactory are null. + */ + public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, + int maximumPoolSize, + long keepAliveTime, + TimeUnit unit, + BlockingQueue workQueue, + ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + this(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue, + threadFactory, defaultHandler); + } + + /** + * Creates a new ThreadPoolExecutor with the given initial + * parameters and default thread factory. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the + * pool, even if they are idle. + * @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the + * pool. + * @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than + * the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads + * will wait for new tasks before terminating. + * @param unit the time unit for the keepAliveTime + * argument. + * @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they + * are executed. This queue will hold only the Runnable + * tasks submitted by the execute method. + * @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked + * because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize, or + * keepAliveTime less than zero, or if maximumPoolSize less than or + * equal to zero, or if corePoolSize greater than maximumPoolSize. + * @throws NullPointerException if workQueue + * or handler are null. + */ + public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, + int maximumPoolSize, + long keepAliveTime, + TimeUnit unit, + BlockingQueue workQueue, + RejectedExecutionHandler handler) { + this(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue, + Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), handler); + } + + /** + * Creates a new ThreadPoolExecutor with the given initial + * parameters. + * + * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the + * pool, even if they are idle. + * @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the + * pool. + * @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than + * the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads + * will wait for new tasks before terminating. + * @param unit the time unit for the keepAliveTime + * argument. + * @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they + * are executed. This queue will hold only the Runnable + * tasks submitted by the execute method. + * @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor + * creates a new thread. + * @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked + * because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached. + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize, or + * keepAliveTime less than zero, or if maximumPoolSize less than or + * equal to zero, or if corePoolSize greater than maximumPoolSize. + * @throws NullPointerException if workQueue + * or threadFactory or handler are null. + */ + public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, + int maximumPoolSize, + long keepAliveTime, + TimeUnit unit, + BlockingQueue workQueue, + ThreadFactory threadFactory, + RejectedExecutionHandler handler) { + if (corePoolSize < 0 || + maximumPoolSize <= 0 || + maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize || + keepAliveTime < 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize; + this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize; + this.workQueue = workQueue; + this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime); + this.threadFactory = threadFactory; + this.handler = handler; + } + + + /** + * Executes the given task sometime in the future. The task + * may execute in a new thread or in an existing pooled thread. + * + * If the task cannot be submitted for execution, either because this + * executor has been shutdown or because its capacity has been reached, + * the task is handled by the current RejectedExecutionHandler. + * + * @param command the task to execute + * @throws RejectedExecutionException at discretion of + * RejectedExecutionHandler, if task cannot be accepted + * for execution + * @throws NullPointerException if command is null + */ + public void execute(Runnable command) { + if (command == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + for (;;) { + if (runState != RUNNING) { + reject(command); + return; + } + if (poolSize < corePoolSize && addIfUnderCorePoolSize(command)) + return; + if (workQueue.offer(command)) + return; + int status = addIfUnderMaximumPoolSize(command); + if (status > 0) // created new thread + return; + if (status == 0) { // failed to create thread + reject(command); + return; + } + // Retry if created a new thread but it is busy with another task + } + } + + /** + * Initiates an orderly shutdown in which previously submitted + * tasks are executed, but no new tasks will be + * accepted. Invocation has no additional effect if already shut + * down. + * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and + * shutting down this ExecutorService may manipulate threads that + * the caller is not permitted to modify because it does not hold + * {@link java.lang.RuntimePermission}("modifyThread"), + * or the security manager's checkAccess method denies access. + */ + public void shutdown() { + // Fail if caller doesn't have modifyThread permission. + SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); + if (security != null) + security.checkPermission(shutdownPerm); + + boolean fullyTerminated = false; + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + if (workers.size() > 0) { + // Check if caller can modify worker threads. This + // might not be true even if passed above check, if + // the SecurityManager treats some threads specially. + if (security != null) { + for (Worker w: workers) + security.checkAccess(w.thread); + } + + int state = runState; + if (state == RUNNING) // don't override shutdownNow + runState = SHUTDOWN; + + try { + for (Worker w: workers) + w.interruptIfIdle(); + } catch (SecurityException se) { + // If SecurityManager allows above checks, but + // then unexpectedly throws exception when + // interrupting threads (which it ought not do), + // back out as cleanly as we can. Some threads may + // have been killed but we remain in non-shutdown + // state. + runState = state; + throw se; + } + } + else { // If no workers, trigger full termination now + fullyTerminated = true; + runState = TERMINATED; + termination.signalAll(); + } + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + if (fullyTerminated) + terminated(); + } + + + /** + * Attempts to stop all actively executing tasks, halts the + * processing of waiting tasks, and returns a list of the tasks + * that were awaiting execution. + * + *

There are no guarantees beyond best-effort attempts to stop + * processing actively executing tasks. This implementation + * cancels tasks via {@link Thread#interrupt}, so any task that + * fails to respond to interrupts may never terminate. + * + * @return list of tasks that never commenced execution + * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and + * shutting down this ExecutorService may manipulate threads that + * the caller is not permitted to modify because it does not hold + * {@link java.lang.RuntimePermission}("modifyThread"), + * or the security manager's checkAccess method denies access. + */ + public List shutdownNow() { + // Almost the same code as shutdown() + SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); + if (security != null) + security.checkPermission(shutdownPerm); + + boolean fullyTerminated = false; + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + if (workers.size() > 0) { + if (security != null) { + for (Worker w: workers) + security.checkAccess(w.thread); + } + + int state = runState; + if (state != TERMINATED) + runState = STOP; + try { + for (Worker w : workers) + w.interruptNow(); + } catch (SecurityException se) { + runState = state; // back out; + throw se; + } + } + else { // If no workers, trigger full termination now + fullyTerminated = true; + runState = TERMINATED; + termination.signalAll(); + } + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + if (fullyTerminated) + terminated(); + return Arrays.asList(workQueue.toArray(EMPTY_RUNNABLE_ARRAY)); + } + + public boolean isShutdown() { + return runState != RUNNING; + } + + /** + * Returns true if this executor is in the process of terminating + * after shutdown or shutdownNow but has not + * completely terminated. This method may be useful for + * debugging. A return of true reported a sufficient + * period after shutdown may indicate that submitted tasks have + * ignored or suppressed interruption, causing this executor not + * to properly terminate. + * @return true if terminating but not yet terminated. + */ + public boolean isTerminating() { + return runState == STOP; + } + + public boolean isTerminated() { + return runState == TERMINATED; + } + + public boolean awaitTermination(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) + throws InterruptedException { + long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout); + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + for (;;) { + if (runState == TERMINATED) + return true; + if (nanos <= 0) + return false; + nanos = termination.awaitNanos(nanos); + } + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Invokes shutdown when this executor is no longer + * referenced. + */ + protected void finalize() { + shutdown(); + } + + /** + * Sets the thread factory used to create new threads. + * + * @param threadFactory the new thread factory + * @throws NullPointerException if threadFactory is null + * @see #getThreadFactory + */ + public void setThreadFactory(ThreadFactory threadFactory) { + if (threadFactory == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + this.threadFactory = threadFactory; + } + + /** + * Returns the thread factory used to create new threads. + * + * @return the current thread factory + * @see #setThreadFactory + */ + public ThreadFactory getThreadFactory() { + return threadFactory; + } + + /** + * Sets a new handler for unexecutable tasks. + * + * @param handler the new handler + * @throws NullPointerException if handler is null + * @see #getRejectedExecutionHandler + */ + public void setRejectedExecutionHandler(RejectedExecutionHandler handler) { + if (handler == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + this.handler = handler; + } + + /** + * Returns the current handler for unexecutable tasks. + * + * @return the current handler + * @see #setRejectedExecutionHandler + */ + public RejectedExecutionHandler getRejectedExecutionHandler() { + return handler; + } + + /** + * Returns the task queue used by this executor. Access to the + * task queue is intended primarily for debugging and monitoring. + * This queue may be in active use. Retrieving the task queue + * does not prevent queued tasks from executing. + * + * @return the task queue + */ + public BlockingQueue getQueue() { + return workQueue; + } + + /** + * Removes this task from the executor's internal queue if it is + * present, thus causing it not to be run if it has not already + * started. + * + *

This method may be useful as one part of a cancellation + * scheme. It may fail to remove tasks that have been converted + * into other forms before being placed on the internal queue. For + * example, a task entered using submit might be + * converted into a form that maintains Future status. + * However, in such cases, method {@link ThreadPoolExecutor#purge} + * may be used to remove those Futures that have been cancelled. + * + * @param task the task to remove + * @return true if the task was removed + */ + public boolean remove(Runnable task) { + return getQueue().remove(task); + } + + + /** + * Tries to remove from the work queue all {@link Future} + * tasks that have been cancelled. This method can be useful as a + * storage reclamation operation, that has no other impact on + * functionality. Cancelled tasks are never executed, but may + * accumulate in work queues until worker threads can actively + * remove them. Invoking this method instead tries to remove them now. + * However, this method may fail to remove tasks in + * the presence of interference by other threads. + */ + public void purge() { + // Fail if we encounter interference during traversal + try { + Iterator it = getQueue().iterator(); + while (it.hasNext()) { + Runnable r = it.next(); + if (r instanceof Future) { + Future c = (Future)r; + if (c.isCancelled()) + it.remove(); + } + } + } + catch (ConcurrentModificationException ex) { + return; + } + } + + /** + * Sets the core number of threads. This overrides any value set + * in the constructor. If the new value is smaller than the + * current value, excess existing threads will be terminated when + * they next become idle. If larger, new threads will, if needed, + * be started to execute any queued tasks. + * + * @param corePoolSize the new core size + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if corePoolSize + * less than zero + * @see #getCorePoolSize + */ + public void setCorePoolSize(int corePoolSize) { + if (corePoolSize < 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + int extra = this.corePoolSize - corePoolSize; + this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize; + if (extra < 0) { + int n = workQueue.size(); + // We have to create initially-idle threads here + // because we otherwise have no recourse about + // what to do with a dequeued task if addThread fails. + while (extra++ < 0 && n-- > 0 && poolSize < corePoolSize ) { + Thread t = addThread(null); + if (t != null) + t.start(); + else + break; + } + } + else if (extra > 0 && poolSize > corePoolSize) { + Iterator it = workers.iterator(); + while (it.hasNext() && + extra-- > 0 && + poolSize > corePoolSize && + workQueue.remainingCapacity() == 0) + it.next().interruptIfIdle(); + } + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the core number of threads. + * + * @return the core number of threads + * @see #setCorePoolSize + */ + public int getCorePoolSize() { + return corePoolSize; + } + + /** + * Starts a core thread, causing it to idly wait for work. This + * overrides the default policy of starting core threads only when + * new tasks are executed. This method will return false + * if all core threads have already been started. + * @return true if a thread was started + */ + public boolean prestartCoreThread() { + return addIfUnderCorePoolSize(null); + } + + /** + * Starts all core threads, causing them to idly wait for work. This + * overrides the default policy of starting core threads only when + * new tasks are executed. + * @return the number of threads started. + */ + public int prestartAllCoreThreads() { + int n = 0; + while (addIfUnderCorePoolSize(null)) + ++n; + return n; + } + + /** + * Returns true if this pool allows core threads to time out and + * terminate if no tasks arrive within the keepAlive time, being + * replaced if needed when new tasks arrive. When true, the same + * keep-alive policy applying to non-core threads applies also to + * core threads. When false (the default), core threads are never + * terminated due to lack of incoming tasks. + * @return true if core threads are allowed to time out, + * else false + * + * @since 1.6 + */ + public boolean allowsCoreThreadTimeOut() { + return allowCoreThreadTimeOut; + } + + /** + * Sets the policy governing whether core threads may time out and + * terminate if no tasks arrive within the keep-alive time, being + * replaced if needed when new tasks arrive. When false, core + * threads are never terminated due to lack of incoming + * tasks. When true, the same keep-alive policy applying to + * non-core threads applies also to core threads. To avoid + * continual thread replacement, the keep-alive time must be + * greater than zero when setting true. This method + * should in general be called before the pool is actively used. + * @param value true if should time out, else false + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if value is true + * and the current keep-alive time is not greater than zero. + * + * @since 1.6 + */ + public void allowCoreThreadTimeOut(boolean value) { + if (value && keepAliveTime <= 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Core threads must have nonzero keep alive times"); + + allowCoreThreadTimeOut = value; + } + + /** + * Sets the maximum allowed number of threads. This overrides any + * value set in the constructor. If the new value is smaller than + * the current value, excess existing threads will be + * terminated when they next become idle. + * + * @param maximumPoolSize the new maximum + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the new maximum is + * less than or equal to zero, or + * less than the {@linkplain #getCorePoolSize core pool size} + * @see #getMaximumPoolSize + */ + public void setMaximumPoolSize(int maximumPoolSize) { + if (maximumPoolSize <= 0 || maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + int extra = this.maximumPoolSize - maximumPoolSize; + this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize; + if (extra > 0 && poolSize > maximumPoolSize) { + Iterator it = workers.iterator(); + while (it.hasNext() && + extra > 0 && + poolSize > maximumPoolSize) { + it.next().interruptIfIdle(); + --extra; + } + } + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the maximum allowed number of threads. + * + * @return the maximum allowed number of threads + * @see #setMaximumPoolSize + */ + public int getMaximumPoolSize() { + return maximumPoolSize; + } + + /** + * Sets the time limit for which threads may remain idle before + * being terminated. If there are more than the core number of + * threads currently in the pool, after waiting this amount of + * time without processing a task, excess threads will be + * terminated. This overrides any value set in the constructor. + * @param time the time to wait. A time value of zero will cause + * excess threads to terminate immediately after executing tasks. + * @param unit the time unit of the time argument + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if time less than zero or + * if time is zero and allowsCoreThreadTimeOut + * @see #getKeepAliveTime + */ + public void setKeepAliveTime(long time, TimeUnit unit) { + if (time < 0) + throw new IllegalArgumentException(); + if (time == 0 && allowsCoreThreadTimeOut()) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Core threads must have nonzero keep alive times"); + this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(time); + } + + /** + * Returns the thread keep-alive time, which is the amount of time + * which threads in excess of the core pool size may remain + * idle before being terminated. + * + * @param unit the desired time unit of the result + * @return the time limit + * @see #setKeepAliveTime + */ + public long getKeepAliveTime(TimeUnit unit) { + return unit.convert(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); + } + + /* Statistics */ + + /** + * Returns the current number of threads in the pool. + * + * @return the number of threads + */ + public int getPoolSize() { + return poolSize; + } + + /** + * Returns the approximate number of threads that are actively + * executing tasks. + * + * @return the number of threads + */ + public int getActiveCount() { + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + int n = 0; + for (Worker w : workers) { + if (w.isActive()) + ++n; + } + return n; + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the largest number of threads that have ever + * simultaneously been in the pool. + * + * @return the number of threads + */ + public int getLargestPoolSize() { + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + return largestPoolSize; + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the approximate total number of tasks that have been + * scheduled for execution. Because the states of tasks and + * threads may change dynamically during computation, the returned + * value is only an approximation, but one that does not ever + * decrease across successive calls. + * + * @return the number of tasks + */ + public long getTaskCount() { + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + long n = completedTaskCount; + for (Worker w : workers) { + n += w.completedTasks; + if (w.isActive()) + ++n; + } + return n + workQueue.size(); + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the approximate total number of tasks that have + * completed execution. Because the states of tasks and threads + * may change dynamically during computation, the returned value + * is only an approximation, but one that does not ever decrease + * across successive calls. + * + * @return the number of tasks + */ + public long getCompletedTaskCount() { + final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock; + mainLock.lock(); + try { + long n = completedTaskCount; + for (Worker w : workers) + n += w.completedTasks; + return n; + } finally { + mainLock.unlock(); + } + } + + /** + * Method invoked prior to executing the given Runnable in the + * given thread. This method is invoked by thread t that + * will execute task r, and may be used to re-initialize + * ThreadLocals, or to perform logging. + * + *

This implementation does nothing, but may be customized in + * subclasses. Note: To properly nest multiple overridings, subclasses + * should generally invoke super.beforeExecute at the end of + * this method. + * + * @param t the thread that will run task r. + * @param r the task that will be executed. + */ + protected void beforeExecute(Thread t, Runnable r) { } + + /** + * Method invoked upon completion of execution of the given Runnable. + * This method is invoked by the thread that executed the task. If + * non-null, the Throwable is the uncaught RuntimeException + * or Error that caused execution to terminate abruptly. + * + *

Note: When actions are enclosed in tasks (such as + * {@link FutureTask}) either explicitly or via methods such as + * submit, these task objects catch and maintain + * computational exceptions, and so they do not cause abrupt + * termination, and the internal exceptions are not + * passed to this method. + * + *

This implementation does nothing, but may be customized in + * subclasses. Note: To properly nest multiple overridings, subclasses + * should generally invoke super.afterExecute at the + * beginning of this method. + * + * @param r the runnable that has completed. + * @param t the exception that caused termination, or null if + * execution completed normally. + */ + protected void afterExecute(Runnable r, Throwable t) { } + + /** + * Method invoked when the Executor has terminated. Default + * implementation does nothing. Note: To properly nest multiple + * overridings, subclasses should generally invoke + * super.terminated within this method. + */ + protected void terminated() { } + + /** + * A handler for rejected tasks that runs the rejected task + * directly in the calling thread of the execute method, + * unless the executor has been shut down, in which case the task + * is discarded. + */ + public static class CallerRunsPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler { + /** + * Creates a CallerRunsPolicy. + */ + public CallerRunsPolicy() { } + + /** + * Executes task r in the caller's thread, unless the executor + * has been shut down, in which case the task is discarded. + * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed + * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task + */ + public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) { + if (!e.isShutdown()) { + r.run(); + } + } + } + + /** + * A handler for rejected tasks that throws a + * RejectedExecutionException. + */ + public static class AbortPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler { + /** + * Creates an AbortPolicy. + */ + public AbortPolicy() { } + + /** + * Always throws RejectedExecutionException. + * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed + * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task + * @throws RejectedExecutionException always. + */ + public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) { + throw new RejectedExecutionException(); + } + } + + /** + * A handler for rejected tasks that silently discards the + * rejected task. + */ + public static class DiscardPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler { + /** + * Creates a DiscardPolicy. + */ + public DiscardPolicy() { } + + /** + * Does nothing, which has the effect of discarding task r. + * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed + * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task + */ + public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) { + } + } + + /** + * A handler for rejected tasks that discards the oldest unhandled + * request and then retries execute, unless the executor + * is shut down, in which case the task is discarded. + */ + public static class DiscardOldestPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler { + /** + * Creates a DiscardOldestPolicy for the given executor. + */ + public DiscardOldestPolicy() { } + + /** + * Obtains and ignores the next task that the executor + * would otherwise execute, if one is immediately available, + * and then retries execution of task r, unless the executor + * is shut down, in which case task r is instead discarded. + * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed + * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task + */ + public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) { + if (!e.isShutdown()) { + e.getQueue().poll(); + e.execute(r); + } + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeUnit.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeUnit.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2cd3d06ab --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeUnit.java @@ -0,0 +1,331 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * A TimeUnit represents time durations at a given unit of + * granularity and provides utility methods to convert across units, + * and to perform timing and delay operations in these units. A + * TimeUnit does not maintain time information, but only + * helps organize and use time representations that may be maintained + * separately across various contexts. A nanosecond is defined as one + * thousandth of a microsecond, a microsecond as one thousandth of a + * millisecond, a millisecond as one thousandth of a second, a minute + * as sixty seconds, an hour as sixty minutes, and a day as twenty four + * hours. + * + *

A TimeUnit is mainly used to inform time-based methods + * how a given timing parameter should be interpreted. For example, + * the following code will timeout in 50 milliseconds if the {@link + * java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock lock} is not available: + * + * 

  Lock lock = ...;
+ *  if ( lock.tryLock(50L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS) ) ...
+ *
+ * while this code will timeout in 50 seconds: + * 
+ *  Lock lock = ...;
+ *  if ( lock.tryLock(50L, TimeUnit.SECONDS) ) ...
+ *
+ * + * Note however, that there is no guarantee that a particular timeout + * implementation will be able to notice the passage of time at the + * same granularity as the given TimeUnit. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public enum TimeUnit { + NANOSECONDS { + public long toNanos(long d) { return d; } + public long toMicros(long d) { return d/(C1/C0); } + public long toMillis(long d) { return d/(C2/C0); } + public long toSeconds(long d) { return d/(C3/C0); } + public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C0); } + public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C0); } + public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C0); } + public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toNanos(d); } + int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return (int)(d - (m*C2)); } + }, + MICROSECONDS { + public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C1/C0, MAX/(C1/C0)); } + public long toMicros(long d) { return d; } + public long toMillis(long d) { return d/(C2/C1); } + public long toSeconds(long d) { return d/(C3/C1); } + public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C1); } + public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C1); } + public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C1); } + public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toMicros(d); } + int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return (int)((d*C1) - (m*C2)); } + }, + MILLISECONDS { + public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C2/C0, MAX/(C2/C0)); } + public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C2/C1, MAX/(C2/C1)); } + public long toMillis(long d) { return d; } + public long toSeconds(long d) { return d/(C3/C2); } + public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C2); } + public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C2); } + public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C2); } + public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toMillis(d); } + int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; } + }, + SECONDS { + public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C3/C0, MAX/(C3/C0)); } + public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C3/C1, MAX/(C3/C1)); } + public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C3/C2, MAX/(C3/C2)); } + public long toSeconds(long d) { return d; } + public long toMinutes(long d) { return d/(C4/C3); } + public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C3); } + public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C3); } + public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toSeconds(d); } + int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; } + }, + MINUTES { + public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C4/C0, MAX/(C4/C0)); } + public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C4/C1, MAX/(C4/C1)); } + public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C4/C2, MAX/(C4/C2)); } + public long toSeconds(long d) { return x(d, C4/C3, MAX/(C4/C3)); } + public long toMinutes(long d) { return d; } + public long toHours(long d) { return d/(C5/C4); } + public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C4); } + public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toMinutes(d); } + int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; } + }, + HOURS { + public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C5/C0, MAX/(C5/C0)); } + public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C5/C1, MAX/(C5/C1)); } + public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C5/C2, MAX/(C5/C2)); } + public long toSeconds(long d) { return x(d, C5/C3, MAX/(C5/C3)); } + public long toMinutes(long d) { return x(d, C5/C4, MAX/(C5/C4)); } + public long toHours(long d) { return d; } + public long toDays(long d) { return d/(C6/C5); } + public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toHours(d); } + int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; } + }, + DAYS { + public long toNanos(long d) { return x(d, C6/C0, MAX/(C6/C0)); } + public long toMicros(long d) { return x(d, C6/C1, MAX/(C6/C1)); } + public long toMillis(long d) { return x(d, C6/C2, MAX/(C6/C2)); } + public long toSeconds(long d) { return x(d, C6/C3, MAX/(C6/C3)); } + public long toMinutes(long d) { return x(d, C6/C4, MAX/(C6/C4)); } + public long toHours(long d) { return x(d, C6/C5, MAX/(C6/C5)); } + public long toDays(long d) { return d; } + public long convert(long d, TimeUnit u) { return u.toDays(d); } + int excessNanos(long d, long m) { return 0; } + }; + + // Handy constants for conversion methods + static final long C0 = 1L; + static final long C1 = C0 * 1000L; + static final long C2 = C1 * 1000L; + static final long C3 = C2 * 1000L; + static final long C4 = C3 * 60L; + static final long C5 = C4 * 60L; + static final long C6 = C5 * 24L; + + static final long MAX = Long.MAX_VALUE; + + /** + * Scale d by m, checking for overflow. + * This has a short name to make above code more readable. + */ + static long x(long d, long m, long over) { + if (d > over) return Long.MAX_VALUE; + if (d < -over) return Long.MIN_VALUE; + return d * m; + } + + // To maintain full signature compatibility with 1.5, and to improve the + // clarity of the generated javadoc (see 6287639: Abstract methods in + // enum classes should not be listed as abstract), method convert + // etc. are not declared abstract but otherwise act as abstract methods. + + /** + * Convert the given time duration in the given unit to this + * unit. Conversions from finer to coarser granularities + * truncate, so lose precision. For example converting + * 999 milliseconds to seconds results in + * 0. Conversions from coarser to finer granularities + * with arguments that would numerically overflow saturate to + * Long.MIN_VALUE if negative or Long.MAX_VALUE + * if positive. + * + *

For example, to convert 10 minutes to milliseconds, use: + * TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.convert(10L, TimeUnit.MINUTES) + * + * @param sourceDuration the time duration in the given sourceUnit + * @param sourceUnit the unit of the sourceDuration argument + * @return the converted duration in this unit, + * or Long.MIN_VALUE if conversion would negatively + * overflow, or Long.MAX_VALUE if it would positively overflow. + */ + public long convert(long sourceDuration, TimeUnit sourceUnit) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Equivalent to NANOSECONDS.convert(duration, this). + * @param duration the duration + * @return the converted duration, + * or Long.MIN_VALUE if conversion would negatively + * overflow, or Long.MAX_VALUE if it would positively overflow. + * @see #convert + */ + public long toNanos(long duration) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Equivalent to MICROSECONDS.convert(duration, this). + * @param duration the duration + * @return the converted duration, + * or Long.MIN_VALUE if conversion would negatively + * overflow, or Long.MAX_VALUE if it would positively overflow. + * @see #convert + */ + public long toMicros(long duration) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Equivalent to MILLISECONDS.convert(duration, this). + * @param duration the duration + * @return the converted duration, + * or Long.MIN_VALUE if conversion would negatively + * overflow, or Long.MAX_VALUE if it would positively overflow. + * @see #convert + */ + public long toMillis(long duration) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Equivalent to SECONDS.convert(duration, this). + * @param duration the duration + * @return the converted duration, + * or Long.MIN_VALUE if conversion would negatively + * overflow, or Long.MAX_VALUE if it would positively overflow. + * @see #convert + */ + public long toSeconds(long duration) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Equivalent to MINUTES.convert(duration, this). + * @param duration the duration + * @return the converted duration, + * or Long.MIN_VALUE if conversion would negatively + * overflow, or Long.MAX_VALUE if it would positively overflow. + * @see #convert + * @since 1.6 + */ + public long toMinutes(long duration) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Equivalent to HOURS.convert(duration, this). + * @param duration the duration + * @return the converted duration, + * or Long.MIN_VALUE if conversion would negatively + * overflow, or Long.MAX_VALUE if it would positively overflow. + * @see #convert + * @since 1.6 + */ + public long toHours(long duration) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Equivalent to DAYS.convert(duration, this). + * @param duration the duration + * @return the converted duration + * @see #convert + * @since 1.6 + */ + public long toDays(long duration) { + throw new AbstractMethodError(); + } + + /** + * Utility to compute the excess-nanosecond argument to wait, + * sleep, join. + * @param d the duration + * @param m the number of milliseconds + * @return the number of nanoseconds + */ + abstract int excessNanos(long d, long m); + + /** + * Performs a timed Object.wait using this time unit. + * This is a convenience method that converts timeout arguments + * into the form required by the Object.wait method. + * + *

For example, you could implement a blocking poll + * method (see {@link BlockingQueue#poll BlockingQueue.poll}) + * using: + * + * 

  public synchronized Object poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
+     *    while (empty) {
+     *      unit.timedWait(this, timeout);
+     *      ...
+     *    }
+     *  }
+ * + * @param obj the object to wait on + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait. If less than + * or equal to zero, do not wait at all. + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting. + * @see Object#wait(long, int) + */ + public void timedWait(Object obj, long timeout) + throws InterruptedException { + if (timeout > 0) { + long ms = toMillis(timeout); + int ns = excessNanos(timeout, ms); + obj.wait(ms, ns); + } + } + + /** + * Performs a timed Thread.join using this time unit. + * This is a convenience method that converts time arguments into the + * form required by the Thread.join method. + * @param thread the thread to wait for + * @param timeout the maximum time to wait. If less than + * or equal to zero, do not wait at all. + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while waiting. + * @see Thread#join(long, int) + */ + public void timedJoin(Thread thread, long timeout) + throws InterruptedException { + if (timeout > 0) { + long ms = toMillis(timeout); + int ns = excessNanos(timeout, ms); + thread.join(ms, ns); + } + } + + /** + * Performs a Thread.sleep using this unit. + * This is a convenience method that converts time arguments into the + * form required by the Thread.sleep method. + * @param timeout the minimum time to sleep. If less than + * or equal to zero, do not sleep at all. + * @throws InterruptedException if interrupted while sleeping. + * @see Thread#sleep + */ + public void sleep(long timeout) throws InterruptedException { + if (timeout > 0) { + long ms = toMillis(timeout); + int ns = excessNanos(timeout, ms); + Thread.sleep(ms, ns); + } + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeoutException.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeoutException.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8b84f28e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/TimeoutException.java @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent; + +/** + * Exception thrown when a blocking operation times out. Blocking + * operations for which a timeout is specified need a means to + * indicate that the timeout has occurred. For many such operations it + * is possible to return a value that indicates timeout; when that is + * not possible or desirable then TimeoutException should be + * declared and thrown. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class TimeoutException extends Exception { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 1900926677490660714L; + + /** + * Constructs a TimeoutException with no specified detail + * message. + */ + public TimeoutException() {} + + /** + * Constructs a TimeoutException with the specified detail + * message. + * + * @param message the detail message + */ + public TimeoutException(String message) { + super(message); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicBoolean.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicBoolean.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bd823bd2c --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicBoolean.java @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + +/** + * A boolean value that may be updated atomically. See the + * {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic} package specification for + * description of the properties of atomic variables. An + * AtomicBoolean is used in applications such as atomically + * updated flags, and cannot be used as a replacement for a + * {@link java.lang.Boolean}. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class AtomicBoolean implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 4654671469794556979L; + // setup to use Unsafe.compareAndSwapInt for updates + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long valueOffset; + + static { + try { + valueOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AtomicBoolean.class.getDeclaredField("value")); + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + + private volatile int value; + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicBoolean with the given initial value. + * + * @param initialValue the initial value + */ + public AtomicBoolean(boolean initialValue) { + value = initialValue ? 1 : 0; + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicBoolean with initial value false. + */ + public AtomicBoolean() { + } + + /** + * Returns the current value. + * + * @return the current value + */ + public final boolean get() { + return value != 0; + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that + * the actual value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + public final boolean compareAndSet(boolean expect, boolean update) { + int e = expect ? 1 : 0; + int u = update ? 1 : 0; + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, valueOffset, e, u); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public boolean weakCompareAndSet(boolean expect, boolean update) { + int e = expect ? 1 : 0; + int u = update ? 1 : 0; + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, valueOffset, e, u); + } + + /** + * Unconditionally sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public final void set(boolean newValue) { + value = newValue ? 1 : 0; + } + + /** + * Eventually sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public final void lazySet(boolean newValue) { + int v = newValue ? 1 : 0; + unsafe.putOrderedInt(this, valueOffset, v); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets to the given value and returns the previous value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public final boolean getAndSet(boolean newValue) { + for (;;) { + boolean current = get(); + if (compareAndSet(current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Returns the String representation of the current value. + * @return the String representation of the current value. + */ + public String toString() { + return Boolean.toString(get()); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicInteger.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicInteger.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0f723f613 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicInteger.java @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + +/** + * An int value that may be updated atomically. See the + * {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic} package specification for + * description of the properties of atomic variables. An + * AtomicInteger is used in applications such as atomically + * incremented counters, and cannot be used as a replacement for an + * {@link java.lang.Integer}. However, this class does extend + * Number to allow uniform access by tools and utilities that + * deal with numerically-based classes. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea +*/ +public class AtomicInteger extends Number implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 6214790243416807050L; + + // setup to use Unsafe.compareAndSwapInt for updates + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long valueOffset; + + static { + try { + valueOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AtomicInteger.class.getDeclaredField("value")); + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + + private volatile int value; + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicInteger with the given initial value. + * + * @param initialValue the initial value + */ + public AtomicInteger(int initialValue) { + value = initialValue; + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicInteger with initial value 0. + */ + public AtomicInteger() { + } + + /** + * Gets the current value. + * + * @return the current value + */ + public final int get() { + return value; + } + + /** + * Sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public final void set(int newValue) { + value = newValue; + } + + /** + * Eventually sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public final void lazySet(int newValue) { + unsafe.putOrderedInt(this, valueOffset, newValue); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets to the given value and returns the old value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndSet(int newValue) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(); + if (compareAndSet(current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that + * the actual value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + public final boolean compareAndSet(int expect, int update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, valueOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(int expect, int update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, valueOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value. + * + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndIncrement() { + for (;;) { + int current = get(); + int next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value. + * + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndDecrement() { + for (;;) { + int current = get(); + int next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value. + * + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndAdd(int delta) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(); + int next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value. + * + * @return the updated value + */ + public final int incrementAndGet() { + for (;;) { + int current = get(); + int next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value. + * + * @return the updated value + */ + public final int decrementAndGet() { + for (;;) { + int current = get(); + int next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value. + * + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the updated value + */ + public final int addAndGet(int delta) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(); + int next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Returns the String representation of the current value. + * @return the String representation of the current value. + */ + public String toString() { + return Integer.toString(get()); + } + + + public int intValue() { + return get(); + } + + public long longValue() { + return (long)get(); + } + + public float floatValue() { + return (float)get(); + } + + public double doubleValue() { + return (double)get(); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerArray.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerArray.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2ad754fda --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerArray.java @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An int array in which elements may be updated atomically. + * See the {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic} package + * specification for description of the properties of atomic + * variables. + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class AtomicIntegerArray implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 2862133569453604235L; + + // setup to use Unsafe.compareAndSwapInt for updates + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final int base = unsafe.arrayBaseOffset(int[].class); + private static final int scale = unsafe.arrayIndexScale(int[].class); + private final int[] array; + + private long rawIndex(int i) { + if (i < 0 || i >= array.length) + throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("index " + i); + return base + i * scale; + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicIntegerArray of given length. + * + * @param length the length of the array + */ + public AtomicIntegerArray(int length) { + array = new int[length]; + // must perform at least one volatile write to conform to JMM + if (length > 0) + unsafe.putIntVolatile(array, rawIndex(0), 0); + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicIntegerArray with the same length as, and + * all elements copied from, the given array. + * + * @param array the array to copy elements from + * @throws NullPointerException if array is null + */ + public AtomicIntegerArray(int[] array) { + if (array == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int length = array.length; + this.array = new int[length]; + if (length > 0) { + int last = length-1; + for (int i = 0; i < last; ++i) + this.array[i] = array[i]; + // Do the last write as volatile + unsafe.putIntVolatile(this.array, rawIndex(last), array[last]); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the length of the array. + * + * @return the length of the array + */ + public final int length() { + return array.length; + } + + /** + * Gets the current value at position i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the current value + */ + public final int get(int i) { + return unsafe.getIntVolatile(array, rawIndex(i)); + } + + /** + * Sets the element at position i to the given value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public final void set(int i, int newValue) { + unsafe.putIntVolatile(array, rawIndex(i), newValue); + } + + /** + * Eventually sets the element at position i to the given value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public final void lazySet(int i, int newValue) { + unsafe.putOrderedInt(array, rawIndex(i), newValue); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the element at position i to the given + * value and returns the old value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndSet(int i, int newValue) { + while (true) { + int current = get(i); + if (compareAndSet(i, current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the element at position i to the given + * updated value if the current value == the expected value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that + * the actual value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + public final boolean compareAndSet(int i, int expect, int update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(array, rawIndex(i), + expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the element at position i to the given + * updated value if the current value == the expected value. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param i the index + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(int i, int expect, int update) { + return compareAndSet(i, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndIncrement(int i) { + while (true) { + int current = get(i); + int next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndDecrement(int i) { + while (true) { + int current = get(i); + int next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the previous value + */ + public final int getAndAdd(int i, int delta) { + while (true) { + int current = get(i); + int next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the updated value + */ + public final int incrementAndGet(int i) { + while (true) { + int current = get(i); + int next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the updated value + */ + public final int decrementAndGet(int i) { + while (true) { + int current = get(i); + int next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the updated value + */ + public final int addAndGet(int i, int delta) { + while (true) { + int current = get(i); + int next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Returns the String representation of the current values of array. + * @return the String representation of the current values of array. + */ + public String toString() { + if (array.length > 0) // force volatile read + get(0); + return Arrays.toString(array); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c957bbf3f --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater.java @@ -0,0 +1,316 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; +import java.lang.reflect.*; + +/** + * A reflection-based utility that enables atomic updates to + * designated volatile int fields of designated classes. + * This class is designed for use in atomic data structures in which + * several fields of the same node are independently subject to atomic + * updates. + * + *

Note that the guarantees of the {@code compareAndSet} + * method in this class are weaker than in other atomic classes. + * Because this class cannot ensure that all uses of the field + * are appropriate for purposes of atomic access, it can + * guarantee atomicity only with respect to other invocations of + * {@code compareAndSet} and {@code set} on the same updater. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The type of the object holding the updatable field + */ +public abstract class AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater { + /** + * Creates and returns an updater for objects with the given field. + * The Class argument is needed to check that reflective types and + * generic types match. + * + * @param tclass the class of the objects holding the field + * @param fieldName the name of the field to be updated + * @return the updater + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the field is not a + * volatile integer type + * @throws RuntimeException with a nested reflection-based + * exception if the class does not hold field or is the wrong type + */ + public static AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater newUpdater(Class tclass, String fieldName) { + return new AtomicIntegerFieldUpdaterImpl(tclass, fieldName); + } + + /** + * Protected do-nothing constructor for use by subclasses. + */ + protected AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater() { + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given updated value if the current value == the + * expected value. This method is guaranteed to be atomic with respect to + * other calls to compareAndSet and set, but not + * necessarily with respect to other changes in the field. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to conditionally set + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful + * @throws ClassCastException if obj is not an instance + * of the class possessing the field established in the constructor + */ + public abstract boolean compareAndSet(T obj, int expect, int update); + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given updated value if the current value == the + * expected value. This method is guaranteed to be atomic with respect to + * other calls to compareAndSet and set, but not + * necessarily with respect to other changes in the field. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to conditionally set + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful + * @throws ClassCastException if obj is not an instance + * of the class possessing the field established in the constructor + */ + public abstract boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, int expect, int update); + + /** + * Sets the field of the given object managed by this updater to the + * given updated value. This operation is guaranteed to act as a volatile + * store with respect to subsequent invocations of + * compareAndSet. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to set + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public abstract void set(T obj, int newValue); + + /** + * Eventually sets the field of the given object managed by this + * updater to the given updated value. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to set + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public abstract void lazySet(T obj, int newValue); + + + /** + * Gets the current value held in the field of the given object managed + * by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get + * @return the current value + */ + public abstract int get(T obj); + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given value and returns the old value. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public int getAndSet(T obj, int newValue) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(obj); + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the previous value + */ + public int getAndIncrement(T obj) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(obj); + int next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the previous value + */ + public int getAndDecrement(T obj) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(obj); + int next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value of the field of + * the given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the previous value + */ + public int getAndAdd(T obj, int delta) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(obj); + int next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the updated value + */ + public int incrementAndGet(T obj) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(obj); + int next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the updated value + */ + public int decrementAndGet(T obj) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(obj); + int next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value of the field of + * the given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the updated value + */ + public int addAndGet(T obj, int delta) { + for (;;) { + int current = get(obj); + int next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Standard hotspot implementation using intrinsics + */ + private static class AtomicIntegerFieldUpdaterImpl extends AtomicIntegerFieldUpdater { + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private final long offset; + private final Class tclass; + private final Class cclass; + + AtomicIntegerFieldUpdaterImpl(Class tclass, String fieldName) { + Field field = null; + Class caller = null; + int modifiers = 0; + try { + field = tclass.getDeclaredField(fieldName); + caller = sun.reflect.Reflection.getCallerClass(3); + modifiers = field.getModifiers(); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.ensureMemberAccess( + caller, tclass, null, modifiers); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.checkPackageAccess(tclass); + } catch(Exception ex) { + throw new RuntimeException(ex); + } + + Class fieldt = field.getType(); + if (fieldt != int.class) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must be integer type"); + + if (!Modifier.isVolatile(modifiers)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must be volatile type"); + + this.cclass = (Modifier.isProtected(modifiers) && + caller != tclass) ? caller : null; + this.tclass = tclass; + offset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset(field); + } + + private void fullCheck(T obj) { + if (!tclass.isInstance(obj)) + throw new ClassCastException(); + if (cclass != null) + ensureProtectedAccess(obj); + } + + public boolean compareAndSet(T obj, int expect, int update) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(obj, offset, expect, update); + } + + public boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, int expect, int update) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(obj, offset, expect, update); + } + + public void set(T obj, int newValue) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + unsafe.putIntVolatile(obj, offset, newValue); + } + + public void lazySet(T obj, int newValue) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + unsafe.putOrderedInt(obj, offset, newValue); + } + + public final int get(T obj) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + return unsafe.getIntVolatile(obj, offset); + } + + private void ensureProtectedAccess(T obj) { + if (cclass.isInstance(obj)) { + return; + } + throw new RuntimeException( + new IllegalAccessException("Class " + + cclass.getName() + + " can not access a protected member of class " + + tclass.getName() + + " using an instance of " + + obj.getClass().getName() + ) + ); + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLong.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLong.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fa254ba62 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLong.java @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + +/** + * A long value that may be updated atomically. See the + * {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic} package specification for + * description of the properties of atomic variables. An + * AtomicLong is used in applications such as atomically + * incremented sequence numbers, and cannot be used as a replacement + * for a {@link java.lang.Long}. However, this class does extend + * Number to allow uniform access by tools and utilities that + * deal with numerically-based classes. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class AtomicLong extends Number implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 1927816293512124184L; + + // setup to use Unsafe.compareAndSwapLong for updates + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long valueOffset; + + /** + * Records whether the underlying JVM supports lockless + * CompareAndSet for longs. While the unsafe.CompareAndSetLong + * method works in either case, some constructions should be + * handled at Java level to avoid locking user-visible locks. + */ + static final boolean VM_SUPPORTS_LONG_CAS = VMSupportsCS8(); + + /** + * Returns whether underlying JVM supports lockless CompareAndSet + * for longs. Called only once and cached in VM_SUPPORTS_LONG_CAS. + */ + private static native boolean VMSupportsCS8(); + + static { + try { + valueOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AtomicLong.class.getDeclaredField("value")); + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + + private volatile long value; + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicLong with the given initial value. + * + * @param initialValue the initial value + */ + public AtomicLong(long initialValue) { + value = initialValue; + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicLong with initial value 0. + */ + public AtomicLong() { + } + + /** + * Gets the current value. + * + * @return the current value + */ + public final long get() { + return value; + } + + /** + * Sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public final void set(long newValue) { + value = newValue; + } + + /** + * Eventually sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public final void lazySet(long newValue) { + unsafe.putOrderedLong(this, valueOffset, newValue); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets to the given value and returns the old value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndSet(long newValue) { + while (true) { + long current = get(); + if (compareAndSet(current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that + * the actual value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + public final boolean compareAndSet(long expect, long update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapLong(this, valueOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(long expect, long update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapLong(this, valueOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value. + * + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndIncrement() { + while (true) { + long current = get(); + long next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value. + * + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndDecrement() { + while (true) { + long current = get(); + long next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value. + * + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndAdd(long delta) { + while (true) { + long current = get(); + long next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value. + * + * @return the updated value + */ + public final long incrementAndGet() { + for (;;) { + long current = get(); + long next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value. + * + * @return the updated value + */ + public final long decrementAndGet() { + for (;;) { + long current = get(); + long next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value. + * + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the updated value + */ + public final long addAndGet(long delta) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(); + long next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Returns the String representation of the current value. + * @return the String representation of the current value. + */ + public String toString() { + return Long.toString(get()); + } + + + public int intValue() { + return (int)get(); + } + + public long longValue() { + return (long)get(); + } + + public float floatValue() { + return (float)get(); + } + + public double doubleValue() { + return (double)get(); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongArray.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongArray.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c582cba54 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongArray.java @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * A long array in which elements may be updated atomically. + * See the {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic} package specification + * for description of the properties of atomic variables. + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class AtomicLongArray implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -2308431214976778248L; + + // setup to use Unsafe.compareAndSwapInt for updates + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final int base = unsafe.arrayBaseOffset(long[].class); + private static final int scale = unsafe.arrayIndexScale(long[].class); + private final long[] array; + + private long rawIndex(int i) { + if (i < 0 || i >= array.length) + throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("index " + i); + return base + i * scale; + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicLongArray of given length. + * + * @param length the length of the array + */ + public AtomicLongArray(int length) { + array = new long[length]; + // must perform at least one volatile write to conform to JMM + if (length > 0) + unsafe.putLongVolatile(array, rawIndex(0), 0); + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicLongArray with the same length as, and + * all elements copied from, the given array. + * + * @param array the array to copy elements from + * @throws NullPointerException if array is null + */ + public AtomicLongArray(long[] array) { + if (array == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int length = array.length; + this.array = new long[length]; + if (length > 0) { + int last = length-1; + for (int i = 0; i < last; ++i) + this.array[i] = array[i]; + // Do the last write as volatile + unsafe.putLongVolatile(this.array, rawIndex(last), array[last]); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the length of the array. + * + * @return the length of the array + */ + public final int length() { + return array.length; + } + + /** + * Gets the current value at position i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the current value + */ + public final long get(int i) { + return unsafe.getLongVolatile(array, rawIndex(i)); + } + + /** + * Sets the element at position i to the given value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public final void set(int i, long newValue) { + unsafe.putLongVolatile(array, rawIndex(i), newValue); + } + + /** + * Eventually sets the element at position i to the given value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public final void lazySet(int i, long newValue) { + unsafe.putOrderedLong(array, rawIndex(i), newValue); + } + + + /** + * Atomically sets the element at position i to the given value + * and returns the old value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndSet(int i, long newValue) { + while (true) { + long current = get(i); + if (compareAndSet(i, current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that + * the actual value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + public final boolean compareAndSet(int i, long expect, long update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapLong(array, rawIndex(i), + expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param i the index + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(int i, long expect, long update) { + return compareAndSet(i, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndIncrement(int i) { + while (true) { + long current = get(i); + long next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndDecrement(int i) { + while (true) { + long current = get(i); + long next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the previous value + */ + public final long getAndAdd(int i, long delta) { + while (true) { + long current = get(i); + long next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the updated value + */ + public final long incrementAndGet(int i) { + while (true) { + long current = get(i); + long next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the updated value + */ + public final long decrementAndGet(int i) { + while (true) { + long current = get(i); + long next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the element at index i. + * + * @param i the index + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the updated value + */ + public long addAndGet(int i, long delta) { + while (true) { + long current = get(i); + long next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(i, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Returns the String representation of the current values of array. + * @return the String representation of the current values of array. + */ + public String toString() { + if (array.length > 0) // force volatile read + get(0); + return Arrays.toString(array); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongFieldUpdater.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongFieldUpdater.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f6135d1fc --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicLongFieldUpdater.java @@ -0,0 +1,406 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; +import java.lang.reflect.*; + +/** + * A reflection-based utility that enables atomic updates to + * designated volatile long fields of designated classes. + * This class is designed for use in atomic data structures in which + * several fields of the same node are independently subject to atomic + * updates. + * + *

Note that the guarantees of the {@code compareAndSet} + * method in this class are weaker than in other atomic classes. + * Because this class cannot ensure that all uses of the field + * are appropriate for purposes of atomic access, it can + * guarantee atomicity only with respect to other invocations of + * {@code compareAndSet} and {@code set} on the same updater. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The type of the object holding the updatable field + */ +public abstract class AtomicLongFieldUpdater { + /** + * Creates and returns an updater for objects with the given field. + * The Class argument is needed to check that reflective types and + * generic types match. + * + * @param tclass the class of the objects holding the field + * @param fieldName the name of the field to be updated. + * @return the updater + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the field is not a + * volatile long type. + * @throws RuntimeException with a nested reflection-based + * exception if the class does not hold field or is the wrong type. + */ + public static AtomicLongFieldUpdater newUpdater(Class tclass, String fieldName) { + if (AtomicLong.VM_SUPPORTS_LONG_CAS) + return new CASUpdater(tclass, fieldName); + else + return new LockedUpdater(tclass, fieldName); + } + + /** + * Protected do-nothing constructor for use by subclasses. + */ + protected AtomicLongFieldUpdater() { + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given updated value if the current value == the + * expected value. This method is guaranteed to be atomic with respect to + * other calls to compareAndSet and set, but not + * necessarily with respect to other changes in the field. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to conditionally set + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + * @throws ClassCastException if obj is not an instance + * of the class possessing the field established in the constructor. + */ + public abstract boolean compareAndSet(T obj, long expect, long update); + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given updated value if the current value == the + * expected value. This method is guaranteed to be atomic with respect to + * other calls to compareAndSet and set, but not + * necessarily with respect to other changes in the field. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to conditionally set + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + * @throws ClassCastException if obj is not an instance + * of the class possessing the field established in the constructor. + */ + public abstract boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, long expect, long update); + + /** + * Sets the field of the given object managed by this updater to the + * given updated value. This operation is guaranteed to act as a volatile + * store with respect to subsequent invocations of + * compareAndSet. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to set + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public abstract void set(T obj, long newValue); + + /** + * Eventually sets the field of the given object managed by this + * updater to the given updated value. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to set + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public abstract void lazySet(T obj, long newValue); + + /** + * Gets the current value held in the field of the given object managed + * by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get + * @return the current value + */ + public abstract long get(T obj); + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given value and returns the old value. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public long getAndSet(T obj, long newValue) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(obj); + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the previous value + */ + public long getAndIncrement(T obj) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(obj); + long next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the previous value + */ + public long getAndDecrement(T obj) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(obj); + long next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value of the field of + * the given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the previous value + */ + public long getAndAdd(T obj, long delta) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(obj); + long next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically increments by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the updated value + */ + public long incrementAndGet(T obj) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(obj); + long next = current + 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically decrements by one the current value of the field of the + * given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @return the updated value + */ + public long decrementAndGet(T obj) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(obj); + long next = current - 1; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically adds the given value to the current value of the field of + * the given object managed by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @param delta the value to add + * @return the updated value + */ + public long addAndGet(T obj, long delta) { + for (;;) { + long current = get(obj); + long next = current + delta; + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, next)) + return next; + } + } + + private static class CASUpdater extends AtomicLongFieldUpdater { + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private final long offset; + private final Class tclass; + private final Class cclass; + + CASUpdater(Class tclass, String fieldName) { + Field field = null; + Class caller = null; + int modifiers = 0; + try { + field = tclass.getDeclaredField(fieldName); + caller = sun.reflect.Reflection.getCallerClass(3); + modifiers = field.getModifiers(); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.ensureMemberAccess( + caller, tclass, null, modifiers); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.checkPackageAccess(tclass); + } catch(Exception ex) { + throw new RuntimeException(ex); + } + + Class fieldt = field.getType(); + if (fieldt != long.class) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must be long type"); + + if (!Modifier.isVolatile(modifiers)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must be volatile type"); + + this.cclass = (Modifier.isProtected(modifiers) && + caller != tclass) ? caller : null; + this.tclass = tclass; + offset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset(field); + } + + private void fullCheck(T obj) { + if (!tclass.isInstance(obj)) + throw new ClassCastException(); + if (cclass != null) + ensureProtectedAccess(obj); + } + + public boolean compareAndSet(T obj, long expect, long update) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + return unsafe.compareAndSwapLong(obj, offset, expect, update); + } + + public boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, long expect, long update) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + return unsafe.compareAndSwapLong(obj, offset, expect, update); + } + + public void set(T obj, long newValue) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + unsafe.putLongVolatile(obj, offset, newValue); + } + + public void lazySet(T obj, long newValue) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + unsafe.putOrderedLong(obj, offset, newValue); + } + + public long get(T obj) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + return unsafe.getLongVolatile(obj, offset); + } + + private void ensureProtectedAccess(T obj) { + if (cclass.isInstance(obj)) { + return; + } + throw new RuntimeException ( + new IllegalAccessException("Class " + + cclass.getName() + + " can not access a protected member of class " + + tclass.getName() + + " using an instance of " + + obj.getClass().getName() + ) + ); + } + } + + + private static class LockedUpdater extends AtomicLongFieldUpdater { + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private final long offset; + private final Class tclass; + private final Class cclass; + + LockedUpdater(Class tclass, String fieldName) { + Field field = null; + Class caller = null; + int modifiers = 0; + try { + field = tclass.getDeclaredField(fieldName); + caller = sun.reflect.Reflection.getCallerClass(3); + modifiers = field.getModifiers(); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.ensureMemberAccess( + caller, tclass, null, modifiers); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.checkPackageAccess(tclass); + } catch(Exception ex) { + throw new RuntimeException(ex); + } + + Class fieldt = field.getType(); + if (fieldt != long.class) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must be long type"); + + if (!Modifier.isVolatile(modifiers)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must be volatile type"); + + this.cclass = (Modifier.isProtected(modifiers) && + caller != tclass) ? caller : null; + this.tclass = tclass; + offset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset(field); + } + + private void fullCheck(T obj) { + if (!tclass.isInstance(obj)) + throw new ClassCastException(); + if (cclass != null) + ensureProtectedAccess(obj); + } + + public boolean compareAndSet(T obj, long expect, long update) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + synchronized(this) { + long v = unsafe.getLong(obj, offset); + if (v != expect) + return false; + unsafe.putLong(obj, offset, update); + return true; + } + } + + public boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, long expect, long update) { + return compareAndSet(obj, expect, update); + } + + public void set(T obj, long newValue) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + synchronized(this) { + unsafe.putLong(obj, offset, newValue); + } + } + + public void lazySet(T obj, long newValue) { + set(obj, newValue); + } + + public long get(T obj) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) fullCheck(obj); + synchronized(this) { + return unsafe.getLong(obj, offset); + } + } + + private void ensureProtectedAccess(T obj) { + if (cclass.isInstance(obj)) { + return; + } + throw new RuntimeException ( + new IllegalAccessException("Class " + + cclass.getName() + + " can not access a protected member of class " + + tclass.getName() + + " using an instance of " + + obj.getClass().getName() + ) + ); + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicMarkableReference.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicMarkableReference.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..85335b737 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicMarkableReference.java @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; + +/** + * An AtomicMarkableReference maintains an object reference + * along with a mark bit, that can be updated atomically. + *

+ *

Implementation note. This implementation maintains markable + * references by creating internal objects representing "boxed" + * [reference, boolean] pairs. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The type of object referred to by this reference + */ +public class AtomicMarkableReference { + + private static class ReferenceBooleanPair { + private final T reference; + private final boolean bit; + ReferenceBooleanPair(T r, boolean i) { + reference = r; bit = i; + } + } + + private final AtomicReference> atomicRef; + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicMarkableReference with the given + * initial values. + * + * @param initialRef the initial reference + * @param initialMark the initial mark + */ + public AtomicMarkableReference(V initialRef, boolean initialMark) { + atomicRef = new AtomicReference> (new ReferenceBooleanPair(initialRef, initialMark)); + } + + /** + * Returns the current value of the reference. + * + * @return the current value of the reference + */ + public V getReference() { + return atomicRef.get().reference; + } + + /** + * Returns the current value of the mark. + * + * @return the current value of the mark + */ + public boolean isMarked() { + return atomicRef.get().bit; + } + + /** + * Returns the current values of both the reference and the mark. + * Typical usage is boolean[1] holder; ref = v.get(holder); . + * + * @param markHolder an array of size of at least one. On return, + * markholder[0] will hold the value of the mark. + * @return the current value of the reference + */ + public V get(boolean[] markHolder) { + ReferenceBooleanPair p = atomicRef.get(); + markHolder[0] = p.bit; + return p.reference; + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value of both the reference and mark + * to the given update values if the + * current reference is == to the expected reference + * and the current mark is equal to the expected mark. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param expectedReference the expected value of the reference + * @param newReference the new value for the reference + * @param expectedMark the expected value of the mark + * @param newMark the new value for the mark + * @return true if successful + */ + public boolean weakCompareAndSet(V expectedReference, + V newReference, + boolean expectedMark, + boolean newMark) { + ReferenceBooleanPair current = atomicRef.get(); + return expectedReference == current.reference && + expectedMark == current.bit && + ((newReference == current.reference && newMark == current.bit) || + atomicRef.weakCompareAndSet(current, + new ReferenceBooleanPair(newReference, + newMark))); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value of both the reference and mark + * to the given update values if the + * current reference is == to the expected reference + * and the current mark is equal to the expected mark. + * + * @param expectedReference the expected value of the reference + * @param newReference the new value for the reference + * @param expectedMark the expected value of the mark + * @param newMark the new value for the mark + * @return true if successful + */ + public boolean compareAndSet(V expectedReference, + V newReference, + boolean expectedMark, + boolean newMark) { + ReferenceBooleanPair current = atomicRef.get(); + return expectedReference == current.reference && + expectedMark == current.bit && + ((newReference == current.reference && newMark == current.bit) || + atomicRef.compareAndSet(current, + new ReferenceBooleanPair(newReference, + newMark))); + } + + /** + * Unconditionally sets the value of both the reference and mark. + * + * @param newReference the new value for the reference + * @param newMark the new value for the mark + */ + public void set(V newReference, boolean newMark) { + ReferenceBooleanPair current = atomicRef.get(); + if (newReference != current.reference || newMark != current.bit) + atomicRef.set(new ReferenceBooleanPair(newReference, newMark)); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value of the mark to the given update value + * if the current reference is == to the expected + * reference. Any given invocation of this operation may fail + * (return false) spuriously, but repeated invocation + * when the current value holds the expected value and no other + * thread is also attempting to set the value will eventually + * succeed. + * + * @param expectedReference the expected value of the reference + * @param newMark the new value for the mark + * @return true if successful + */ + public boolean attemptMark(V expectedReference, boolean newMark) { + ReferenceBooleanPair current = atomicRef.get(); + return expectedReference == current.reference && + (newMark == current.bit || + atomicRef.compareAndSet + (current, new ReferenceBooleanPair(expectedReference, + newMark))); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReference.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReference.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e7c989c2b --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReference.java @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + +/** + * An object reference that may be updated atomically. See the {@link + * java.util.concurrent.atomic} package specification for description + * of the properties of atomic variables. + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The type of object referred to by this reference + */ +public class AtomicReference implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -1848883965231344442L; + + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long valueOffset; + + static { + try { + valueOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AtomicReference.class.getDeclaredField("value")); + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + + private volatile V value; + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicReference with the given initial value. + * + * @param initialValue the initial value + */ + public AtomicReference(V initialValue) { + value = initialValue; + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicReference with null initial value. + */ + public AtomicReference() { + } + + /** + * Gets the current value. + * + * @return the current value + */ + public final V get() { + return value; + } + + /** + * Sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public final void set(V newValue) { + value = newValue; + } + + /** + * Eventually sets to the given value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public final void lazySet(V newValue) { + unsafe.putOrderedObject(this, valueOffset, newValue); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that + * the actual value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + public final boolean compareAndSet(V expect, V update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(this, valueOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value + * if the current value == the expected value. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(V expect, V update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(this, valueOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets to the given value and returns the old value. + * + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public final V getAndSet(V newValue) { + while (true) { + V x = get(); + if (compareAndSet(x, newValue)) + return x; + } + } + + /** + * Returns the String representation of the current value. + * @return the String representation of the current value. + */ + public String toString() { + return String.valueOf(get()); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceArray.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceArray.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..91b601ed9 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceArray.java @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An array of object references in which elements may be updated + * atomically. See the {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic} package + * specification for description of the properties of atomic + * variables. + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The base class of elements held in this array + */ +public class AtomicReferenceArray implements java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -6209656149925076980L; + + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final int base = unsafe.arrayBaseOffset(Object[].class); + private static final int scale = unsafe.arrayIndexScale(Object[].class); + private final Object[] array; + + private long rawIndex(int i) { + if (i < 0 || i >= array.length) + throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("index " + i); + return base + i * scale; + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicReferenceArray of given length. + * @param length the length of the array + */ + public AtomicReferenceArray(int length) { + array = new Object[length]; + // must perform at least one volatile write to conform to JMM + if (length > 0) + unsafe.putObjectVolatile(array, rawIndex(0), null); + } + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicReferenceArray with the same length as, and + * all elements copied from, the given array. + * + * @param array the array to copy elements from + * @throws NullPointerException if array is null + */ + public AtomicReferenceArray(E[] array) { + if (array == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + int length = array.length; + this.array = new Object[length]; + if (length > 0) { + int last = length-1; + for (int i = 0; i < last; ++i) + this.array[i] = array[i]; + // Do the last write as volatile + E e = array[last]; + unsafe.putObjectVolatile(this.array, rawIndex(last), e); + } + } + + /** + * Returns the length of the array. + * + * @return the length of the array + */ + public final int length() { + return array.length; + } + + /** + * Gets the current value at position i. + * + * @param i the index + * @return the current value + */ + public final E get(int i) { + return (E) unsafe.getObjectVolatile(array, rawIndex(i)); + } + + /** + * Sets the element at position i to the given value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public final void set(int i, E newValue) { + unsafe.putObjectVolatile(array, rawIndex(i), newValue); + } + + /** + * Eventually sets the element at position i to the given value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public final void lazySet(int i, E newValue) { + unsafe.putOrderedObject(array, rawIndex(i), newValue); + } + + + /** + * Atomically sets the element at position i to the given + * value and returns the old value. + * + * @param i the index + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public final E getAndSet(int i, E newValue) { + while (true) { + E current = get(i); + if (compareAndSet(i, current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the element at position i to the given + * updated value if the current value == the expected value. + * @param i the index + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that + * the actual value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + public final boolean compareAndSet(int i, E expect, E update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(array, rawIndex(i), + expect, update); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the element at position i to the given + * updated value if the current value == the expected value. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param i the index + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(int i, E expect, E update) { + return compareAndSet(i, expect, update); + } + + /** + * Returns the String representation of the current values of array. + * @return the String representation of the current values of array. + */ + public String toString() { + if (array.length > 0) // force volatile read + get(0); + return Arrays.toString(array); + } + +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..24014a9df --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.java @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; +import java.lang.reflect.*; + +/** + * A reflection-based utility that enables atomic updates to + * designated volatile reference fields of designated + * classes. This class is designed for use in atomic data structures + * in which several reference fields of the same node are + * independently subject to atomic updates. For example, a tree node + * might be declared as + * + * 

+ * class Node {
+ *   private volatile Node left, right;
+ *
+ *   private static final AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<Node, Node> leftUpdater =
+ *     AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(Node.class, Node.class, "left");
+ *   private static AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater<Node, Node> rightUpdater =
+ *     AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater.newUpdater(Node.class, Node.class, "right");
+ *
+ *   Node getLeft() { return left;  }
+ *   boolean compareAndSetLeft(Node expect, Node update) {
+ *     return leftUpdater.compareAndSet(this, expect, update);
+ *   }
+ *   // ... and so on
+ * }
+ *
+ * + *

Note that the guarantees of the {@code compareAndSet} + * method in this class are weaker than in other atomic classes. + * Because this class cannot ensure that all uses of the field + * are appropriate for purposes of atomic access, it can + * guarantee atomicity only with respect to other invocations of + * {@code compareAndSet} and {@code set} on the same updater. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The type of the object holding the updatable field + * @param The type of the field + */ +public abstract class AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater { + + /** + * Creates and returns an updater for objects with the given field. + * The Class arguments are needed to check that reflective types and + * generic types match. + * + * @param tclass the class of the objects holding the field. + * @param vclass the class of the field + * @param fieldName the name of the field to be updated. + * @return the updater + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the field is not a volatile reference type. + * @throws RuntimeException with a nested reflection-based + * exception if the class does not hold field or is the wrong type. + */ + public static AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater newUpdater(Class tclass, Class vclass, String fieldName) { + return new AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterImpl(tclass, + vclass, + fieldName); + } + + /** + * Protected do-nothing constructor for use by subclasses. + */ + protected AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater() { + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given updated value if the current value == the + * expected value. This method is guaranteed to be atomic with respect to + * other calls to compareAndSet and set, but not + * necessarily with respect to other changes in the field. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to conditionally set + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public abstract boolean compareAndSet(T obj, V expect, V update); + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given updated value if the current value == the + * expected value. This method is guaranteed to be atomic with respect to + * other calls to compareAndSet and set, but not + * necessarily with respect to other changes in the field. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to conditionally set + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. + */ + public abstract boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, V expect, V update); + + /** + * Sets the field of the given object managed by this updater to the + * given updated value. This operation is guaranteed to act as a volatile + * store with respect to subsequent invocations of + * compareAndSet. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to set + * @param newValue the new value + */ + public abstract void set(T obj, V newValue); + + /** + * Eventually sets the field of the given object managed by this + * updater to the given updated value. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to set + * @param newValue the new value + * @since 1.6 + */ + public abstract void lazySet(T obj, V newValue); + + /** + * Gets the current value held in the field of the given object managed + * by this updater. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get + * @return the current value + */ + public abstract V get(T obj); + + /** + * Atomically sets the field of the given object managed by this updater + * to the given value and returns the old value. + * + * @param obj An object whose field to get and set + * @param newValue the new value + * @return the previous value + */ + public V getAndSet(T obj, V newValue) { + for (;;) { + V current = get(obj); + if (compareAndSet(obj, current, newValue)) + return current; + } + } + + private static final class AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterImpl + extends AtomicReferenceFieldUpdater { + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private final long offset; + private final Class tclass; + private final Class vclass; + private final Class cclass; + + /* + * Internal type checks within all update methods contain + * internal inlined optimizations checking for the common + * cases where the class is final (in which case a simple + * getClass comparison suffices) or is of type Object (in + * which case no check is needed because all objects are + * instances of Object). The Object case is handled simply by + * setting vclass to null in constructor. The targetCheck and + * updateCheck methods are invoked when these faster + * screenings fail. + */ + + AtomicReferenceFieldUpdaterImpl(Class tclass, + Class vclass, + String fieldName) { + Field field = null; + Class fieldClass = null; + Class caller = null; + int modifiers = 0; + try { + field = tclass.getDeclaredField(fieldName); + caller = sun.reflect.Reflection.getCallerClass(3); + modifiers = field.getModifiers(); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.ensureMemberAccess( + caller, tclass, null, modifiers); + sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.checkPackageAccess(tclass); + fieldClass = field.getType(); + } catch (Exception ex) { + throw new RuntimeException(ex); + } + + if (vclass != fieldClass) + throw new ClassCastException(); + + if (!Modifier.isVolatile(modifiers)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Must be volatile type"); + + this.cclass = (Modifier.isProtected(modifiers) && + caller != tclass) ? caller : null; + this.tclass = tclass; + if (vclass == Object.class) + this.vclass = null; + else + this.vclass = vclass; + offset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset(field); + } + + void targetCheck(T obj) { + if (!tclass.isInstance(obj)) + throw new ClassCastException(); + if (cclass != null) + ensureProtectedAccess(obj); + } + + void updateCheck(T obj, V update) { + if (!tclass.isInstance(obj) || + (update != null && vclass != null && !vclass.isInstance(update))) + throw new ClassCastException(); + if (cclass != null) + ensureProtectedAccess(obj); + } + + public boolean compareAndSet(T obj, V expect, V update) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null || + (update != null && vclass != null && + vclass != update.getClass())) + updateCheck(obj, update); + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(obj, offset, expect, update); + } + + public boolean weakCompareAndSet(T obj, V expect, V update) { + // same implementation as strong form for now + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null || + (update != null && vclass != null && + vclass != update.getClass())) + updateCheck(obj, update); + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(obj, offset, expect, update); + } + + public void set(T obj, V newValue) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null || + (newValue != null && vclass != null && + vclass != newValue.getClass())) + updateCheck(obj, newValue); + unsafe.putObjectVolatile(obj, offset, newValue); + } + + public void lazySet(T obj, V newValue) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null || + (newValue != null && vclass != null && + vclass != newValue.getClass())) + updateCheck(obj, newValue); + unsafe.putOrderedObject(obj, offset, newValue); + } + + public V get(T obj) { + if (obj == null || obj.getClass() != tclass || cclass != null) + targetCheck(obj); + return (V)unsafe.getObjectVolatile(obj, offset); + } + + private void ensureProtectedAccess(T obj) { + if (cclass.isInstance(obj)) { + return; + } + throw new RuntimeException ( + new IllegalAccessException("Class " + + cclass.getName() + + " can not access a protected member of class " + + tclass.getName() + + " using an instance of " + + obj.getClass().getName() + ) + ); + } + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicStampedReference.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicStampedReference.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..558808216 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/atomic/AtomicStampedReference.java @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.atomic; + +/** + * An AtomicStampedReference maintains an object reference + * along with an integer "stamp", that can be updated atomically. + * + *

Implementation note. This implementation maintains stamped + * references by creating internal objects representing "boxed" + * [reference, integer] pairs. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * @param The type of object referred to by this reference + */ +public class AtomicStampedReference { + + private static class ReferenceIntegerPair { + private final T reference; + private final int integer; + ReferenceIntegerPair(T r, int i) { + reference = r; integer = i; + } + } + + private final AtomicReference> atomicRef; + + /** + * Creates a new AtomicStampedReference with the given + * initial values. + * + * @param initialRef the initial reference + * @param initialStamp the initial stamp + */ + public AtomicStampedReference(V initialRef, int initialStamp) { + atomicRef = new AtomicReference> + (new ReferenceIntegerPair(initialRef, initialStamp)); + } + + /** + * Returns the current value of the reference. + * + * @return the current value of the reference + */ + public V getReference() { + return atomicRef.get().reference; + } + + /** + * Returns the current value of the stamp. + * + * @return the current value of the stamp + */ + public int getStamp() { + return atomicRef.get().integer; + } + + /** + * Returns the current values of both the reference and the stamp. + * Typical usage is int[1] holder; ref = v.get(holder); . + * + * @param stampHolder an array of size of at least one. On return, + * stampholder[0] will hold the value of the stamp. + * @return the current value of the reference + */ + public V get(int[] stampHolder) { + ReferenceIntegerPair p = atomicRef.get(); + stampHolder[0] = p.integer; + return p.reference; + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value of both the reference and stamp + * to the given update values if the + * current reference is == to the expected reference + * and the current stamp is equal to the expected stamp. + * May fail spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees, + * so is only rarely an appropriate alternative to compareAndSet. + * + * @param expectedReference the expected value of the reference + * @param newReference the new value for the reference + * @param expectedStamp the expected value of the stamp + * @param newStamp the new value for the stamp + * @return true if successful + */ + public boolean weakCompareAndSet(V expectedReference, + V newReference, + int expectedStamp, + int newStamp) { + ReferenceIntegerPair current = atomicRef.get(); + return expectedReference == current.reference && + expectedStamp == current.integer && + ((newReference == current.reference && + newStamp == current.integer) || + atomicRef.weakCompareAndSet(current, + new ReferenceIntegerPair(newReference, + newStamp))); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value of both the reference and stamp + * to the given update values if the + * current reference is == to the expected reference + * and the current stamp is equal to the expected stamp. + * + * @param expectedReference the expected value of the reference + * @param newReference the new value for the reference + * @param expectedStamp the expected value of the stamp + * @param newStamp the new value for the stamp + * @return true if successful + */ + public boolean compareAndSet(V expectedReference, + V newReference, + int expectedStamp, + int newStamp) { + ReferenceIntegerPair current = atomicRef.get(); + return expectedReference == current.reference && + expectedStamp == current.integer && + ((newReference == current.reference && + newStamp == current.integer) || + atomicRef.compareAndSet(current, + new ReferenceIntegerPair(newReference, + newStamp))); + } + + + /** + * Unconditionally sets the value of both the reference and stamp. + * + * @param newReference the new value for the reference + * @param newStamp the new value for the stamp + */ + public void set(V newReference, int newStamp) { + ReferenceIntegerPair current = atomicRef.get(); + if (newReference != current.reference || newStamp != current.integer) + atomicRef.set(new ReferenceIntegerPair(newReference, newStamp)); + } + + /** + * Atomically sets the value of the stamp to the given update value + * if the current reference is == to the expected + * reference. Any given invocation of this operation may fail + * (return false) spuriously, but repeated invocation + * when the current value holds the expected value and no other + * thread is also attempting to set the value will eventually + * succeed. + * + * @param expectedReference the expected value of the reference + * @param newStamp the new value for the stamp + * @return true if successful + */ + public boolean attemptStamp(V expectedReference, int newStamp) { + ReferenceIntegerPair current = atomicRef.get(); + return expectedReference == current.reference && + (newStamp == current.integer || + atomicRef.compareAndSet(current, + new ReferenceIntegerPair(expectedReference, + newStamp))); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f3780e5a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractOwnableSynchronizer.java @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; + +/** + * A synchronizer that may be exclusively owned by a thread. This + * class provides a basis for creating locks and related synchronizers + * that may entail a notion of ownership. The + * AbstractOwnableSynchronizer class itself does not manage or + * use this information. However, subclasses and tools may use + * appropriately maintained values to help control and monitor access + * and provide diagnostics. + * + * @since 1.6 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public abstract class AbstractOwnableSynchronizer + implements java.io.Serializable { + + /** Use serial ID even though all fields transient. */ + private static final long serialVersionUID = 3737899427754241961L; + + /** + * Empty constructor for use by subclasses. + */ + protected AbstractOwnableSynchronizer() { } + + /** + * The current owner of exclusive mode synchronization. + */ + private transient Thread exclusiveOwnerThread; + + /** + * Sets the thread that currently owns exclusive access. A + * null argument indicates that no thread owns access. + * This method does not otherwise impose any synchronization or + * volatile field accesses. + */ + protected final void setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread t) { + exclusiveOwnerThread = t; + } + + /** + * Returns the thread last set by + * setExclusiveOwnerThread, or null if never + * set. This method does not otherwise impose any synchronization + * or volatile field accesses. + * @return the owner thread + */ + protected final Thread getExclusiveOwnerThread() { + return exclusiveOwnerThread; + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..45d744bb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.java @@ -0,0 +1,1934 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + +/** + * A version of {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer} in + * which synchronization state is maintained as a long. + * This class has exactly the same structure, properties, and methods + * as AbstractQueuedSynchronizer with the exception + * that all state-related parameters and results are defined + * as long rather than int. This class + * may be useful when creating synchronizers such as + * multilevel locks and barriers that require + * 64 bits of state. + * + *

See {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer} for usage + * notes and examples. + * + * @since 1.6 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public abstract class AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer + extends AbstractOwnableSynchronizer + implements java.io.Serializable { + + private static final long serialVersionUID = 7373984972572414692L; + + /* + To keep sources in sync, the remainder of this source file is + exactly cloned from AbstractQueuedSynchronizer, replacing class + name and changing ints related with sync state to longs. Please + keep it that way. + */ + + /** + * Creates a new AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer instance + * with initial synchronization state of zero. + */ + protected AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer() { } + + /** + * Wait queue node class. + * + *

The wait queue is a variant of a "CLH" (Craig, Landin, and + * Hagersten) lock queue. CLH locks are normally used for + * spinlocks. We instead use them for blocking synchronizers, but + * use the same basic tactic of holding some of the control + * information about a thread in the predecessor of its node. A + * "status" field in each node keeps track of whether a thread + * should block. A node is signalled when its predecessor + * releases. Each node of the queue otherwise serves as a + * specific-notification-style monitor holding a single waiting + * thread. The status field does NOT control whether threads are + * granted locks etc though. A thread may try to acquire if it is + * first in the queue. But being first does not guarantee success; + * it only gives the right to contend. So the currently released + * contender thread may need to rewait. + * + *

To enqueue into a CLH lock, you atomically splice it in as new + * tail. To dequeue, you just set the head field. + * 

+     *      +------+  prev +-----+       +-----+
+     * head |      | <---- |     | <---- |     |  tail
+     *      +------+       +-----+       +-----+
+     *
+ * + *

Insertion into a CLH queue requires only a single atomic + * operation on "tail", so there is a simple atomic point of + * demarcation from unqueued to queued. Similarly, dequeing + * involves only updating the "head". However, it takes a bit + * more work for nodes to determine who their successors are, + * in part to deal with possible cancellation due to timeouts + * and interrupts. + * + *

The "prev" links (not used in original CLH locks), are mainly + * needed to handle cancellation. If a node is cancelled, its + * successor is (normally) relinked to a non-cancelled + * predecessor. For explanation of similar mechanics in the case + * of spin locks, see the papers by Scott and Scherer at + * http://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/scott/synchronization/ + * + *

We also use "next" links to implement blocking mechanics. + * The thread id for each node is kept in its own node, so a + * predecessor signals the next node to wake up by traversing + * next link to determine which thread it is. Determination of + * successor must avoid races with newly queued nodes to set + * the "next" fields of their predecessors. This is solved + * when necessary by checking backwards from the atomically + * updated "tail" when a node's successor appears to be null. + * (Or, said differently, the next-links are an optimization + * so that we don't usually need a backward scan.) + * + *

Cancellation introduces some conservatism to the basic + * algorithms. Since we must poll for cancellation of other + * nodes, we can miss noticing whether a cancelled node is + * ahead or behind us. This is dealt with by always unparking + * successors upon cancellation, allowing them to stabilize on + * a new predecessor. + * + *

CLH queues need a dummy header node to get started. But + * we don't create them on construction, because it would be wasted + * effort if there is never contention. Instead, the node + * is constructed and head and tail pointers are set upon first + * contention. + * + *

Threads waiting on Conditions use the same nodes, but + * use an additional link. Conditions only need to link nodes + * in simple (non-concurrent) linked queues because they are + * only accessed when exclusively held. Upon await, a node is + * inserted into a condition queue. Upon signal, the node is + * transferred to the main queue. A special value of status + * field is used to mark which queue a node is on. + * + *

Thanks go to Dave Dice, Mark Moir, Victor Luchangco, Bill + * Scherer and Michael Scott, along with members of JSR-166 + * expert group, for helpful ideas, discussions, and critiques + * on the design of this class. + */ + static final class Node { + /** waitStatus value to indicate thread has cancelled */ + static final int CANCELLED = 1; + /** waitStatus value to indicate successor's thread needs unparking */ + static final int SIGNAL = -1; + /** waitStatus value to indicate thread is waiting on condition */ + static final int CONDITION = -2; + /** Marker to indicate a node is waiting in shared mode */ + static final Node SHARED = new Node(); + /** Marker to indicate a node is waiting in exclusive mode */ + static final Node EXCLUSIVE = null; + + /** + * Status field, taking on only the values: + * SIGNAL: The successor of this node is (or will soon be) + * blocked (via park), so the current node must + * unpark its successor when it releases or + * cancels. To avoid races, acquire methods must + * first indicate they need a signal, + * then retry the atomic acquire, and then, + * on failure, block. + * CANCELLED: This node is cancelled due to timeout or interrupt. + * Nodes never leave this state. In particular, + * a thread with cancelled node never again blocks. + * CONDITION: This node is currently on a condition queue. + * It will not be used as a sync queue node until + * transferred. (Use of this value here + * has nothing to do with the other uses + * of the field, but simplifies mechanics.) + * 0: None of the above + * + * The values are arranged numerically to simplify use. + * Non-negative values mean that a node doesn't need to + * signal. So, most code doesn't need to check for particular + * values, just for sign. + * + * The field is initialized to 0 for normal sync nodes, and + * CONDITION for condition nodes. It is modified only using + * CAS. + */ + volatile int waitStatus; + + /** + * Link to predecessor node that current node/thread relies on + * for checking waitStatus. Assigned during enqueing, and nulled + * out (for sake of GC) only upon dequeuing. Also, upon + * cancellation of a predecessor, we short-circuit while + * finding a non-cancelled one, which will always exist + * because the head node is never cancelled: A node becomes + * head only as a result of successful acquire. A + * cancelled thread never succeeds in acquiring, and a thread only + * cancels itself, not any other node. + */ + volatile Node prev; + + /** + * Link to the successor node that the current node/thread + * unparks upon release. Assigned once during enqueuing, and + * nulled out (for sake of GC) when no longer needed. Upon + * cancellation, we cannot adjust this field, but can notice + * status and bypass the node if cancelled. The enq operation + * does not assign next field of a predecessor until after + * attachment, so seeing a null next field does not + * necessarily mean that node is at end of queue. However, if + * a next field appears to be null, we can scan prev's from + * the tail to double-check. + */ + volatile Node next; + + /** + * The thread that enqueued this node. Initialized on + * construction and nulled out after use. + */ + volatile Thread thread; + + /** + * Link to next node waiting on condition, or the special + * value SHARED. Because condition queues are accessed only + * when holding in exclusive mode, we just need a simple + * linked queue to hold nodes while they are waiting on + * conditions. They are then transferred to the queue to + * re-acquire. And because conditions can only be exclusive, + * we save a field by using special value to indicate shared + * mode. + */ + Node nextWaiter; + + /** + * Returns true if node is waiting in shared mode + */ + final boolean isShared() { + return nextWaiter == SHARED; + } + + /** + * Returns previous node, or throws NullPointerException if + * null. Use when predecessor cannot be null. + * @return the predecessor of this node + */ + final Node predecessor() throws NullPointerException { + Node p = prev; + if (p == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + else + return p; + } + + Node() { // Used to establish initial head or SHARED marker + } + + Node(Thread thread, Node mode) { // Used by addWaiter + this.nextWaiter = mode; + this.thread = thread; + } + + Node(Thread thread, int waitStatus) { // Used by Condition + this.waitStatus = waitStatus; + this.thread = thread; + } + } + + /** + * Head of the wait queue, lazily initialized. Except for + * initialization, it is modified only via method setHead. Note: + * If head exists, its waitStatus is guaranteed not to be + * CANCELLED. + */ + private transient volatile Node head; + + /** + * Tail of the wait queue, lazily initialized. Modified only via + * method enq to add new wait node. + */ + private transient volatile Node tail; + + /** + * The synchronization state. + */ + private volatile long state; + + /** + * Returns the current value of synchronization state. + * This operation has memory semantics of a volatile read. + * @return current state value + */ + protected final long getState() { + return state; + } + + /** + * Sets the value of synchronization state. + * This operation has memory semantics of a volatile write. + * @param newState the new state value + */ + protected final void setState(long newState) { + state = newState; + } + + /** + * Atomically sets synchronization state to the given updated + * value if the current state value equals the expected value. + * This operation has memory semantics of a volatile read + * and write. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that the actual + * value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + protected final boolean compareAndSetState(long expect, long update) { + // See below for intrinsics setup to support this + return unsafe.compareAndSwapLong(this, stateOffset, expect, update); + } + + // Queuing utilities + + /** + * The number of nanoseconds for which it is faster to spin + * rather than to use timed park. A rough estimate suffices + * to improve responsiveness with very short timeouts. + */ + static final long spinForTimeoutThreshold = 1000L; + + /** + * Inserts node into queue, initializing if necessary. See picture above. + * @param node the node to insert + * @return node's predecessor + */ + private Node enq(final Node node) { + for (;;) { + Node t = tail; + if (t == null) { // Must initialize + Node h = new Node(); // Dummy header + h.next = node; + node.prev = h; + if (compareAndSetHead(h)) { + tail = node; + return h; + } + } + else { + node.prev = t; + if (compareAndSetTail(t, node)) { + t.next = node; + return t; + } + } + } + } + + /** + * Creates and enqueues node for given thread and mode. + * + * @param current the thread + * @param mode Node.EXCLUSIVE for exclusive, Node.SHARED for shared + * @return the new node + */ + private Node addWaiter(Node mode) { + Node node = new Node(Thread.currentThread(), mode); + // Try the fast path of enq; backup to full enq on failure + Node pred = tail; + if (pred != null) { + node.prev = pred; + if (compareAndSetTail(pred, node)) { + pred.next = node; + return node; + } + } + enq(node); + return node; + } + + /** + * Sets head of queue to be node, thus dequeuing. Called only by + * acquire methods. Also nulls out unused fields for sake of GC + * and to suppress unnecessary signals and traversals. + * + * @param node the node + */ + private void setHead(Node node) { + head = node; + node.thread = null; + node.prev = null; + } + + /** + * Wakes up node's successor, if one exists. + * + * @param node the node + */ + private void unparkSuccessor(Node node) { + /* + * Try to clear status in anticipation of signalling. It is + * OK if this fails or if status is changed by waiting thread. + */ + compareAndSetWaitStatus(node, Node.SIGNAL, 0); + + /* + * Thread to unpark is held in successor, which is normally + * just the next node. But if cancelled or apparently null, + * traverse backwards from tail to find the actual + * non-cancelled successor. + */ + Node s = node.next; + if (s == null || s.waitStatus > 0) { + s = null; + for (Node t = tail; t != null && t != node; t = t.prev) + if (t.waitStatus <= 0) + s = t; + } + if (s != null) + LockSupport.unpark(s.thread); + } + + /** + * Sets head of queue, and checks if successor may be waiting + * in shared mode, if so propagating if propagate > 0. + * + * @param pred the node holding waitStatus for node + * @param node the node + * @param propagate the return value from a tryAcquireShared + */ + private void setHeadAndPropagate(Node node, long propagate) { + setHead(node); + if (propagate > 0 && node.waitStatus != 0) { + /* + * Don't bother fully figuring out successor. If it + * looks null, call unparkSuccessor anyway to be safe. + */ + Node s = node.next; + if (s == null || s.isShared()) + unparkSuccessor(node); + } + } + + // Utilities for various versions of acquire + + /** + * Cancels an ongoing attempt to acquire. + * + * @param node the node + */ + private void cancelAcquire(Node node) { + if (node != null) { // Ignore if node doesn't exist + node.thread = null; + // Can use unconditional write instead of CAS here + node.waitStatus = Node.CANCELLED; + unparkSuccessor(node); + } + } + + /** + * Checks and updates status for a node that failed to acquire. + * Returns true if thread should block. This is the main signal + * control in all acquire loops. Requires that pred == node.prev + * + * @param pred node's predecessor holding status + * @param node the node + * @return {@code true} if thread should block + */ + private static boolean shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(Node pred, Node node) { + int s = pred.waitStatus; + if (s < 0) + /* + * This node has already set status asking a release + * to signal it, so it can safely park + */ + return true; + if (s > 0) + /* + * Predecessor was cancelled. Move up to its predecessor + * and indicate retry. + */ + node.prev = pred.prev; + else + /* + * Indicate that we need a signal, but don't park yet. Caller + * will need to retry to make sure it cannot acquire before + * parking. + */ + compareAndSetWaitStatus(pred, 0, Node.SIGNAL); + return false; + } + + /** + * Convenience method to interrupt current thread. + */ + private static void selfInterrupt() { + Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); + } + + /** + * Convenience method to park and then check if interrupted + * + * @return {@code true} if interrupted + */ + private final boolean parkAndCheckInterrupt() { + LockSupport.park(this); + return Thread.interrupted(); + } + + /* + * Various flavors of acquire, varying in exclusive/shared and + * control modes. Each is mostly the same, but annoyingly + * different. Only a little bit of factoring is possible due to + * interactions of exception mechanics (including ensuring that we + * cancel if tryAcquire throws exception) and other control, at + * least not without hurting performance too much. + */ + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive uninterruptible mode for thread already in + * queue. Used by condition wait methods as well as acquire. + * + * @param node the node + * @param arg the acquire argument + * @return {@code true} if interrupted while waiting + */ + final boolean acquireQueued(final Node node, long arg) { + try { + boolean interrupted = false; + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) { + setHead(node); + p.next = null; // help GC + return interrupted; + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + interrupted = true; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive interruptible mode. + * @param arg the acquire argument + */ + private void doAcquireInterruptibly(long arg) + throws InterruptedException { + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) { + setHead(node); + p.next = null; // help GC + return; + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive timed mode. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument + * @param nanosTimeout max wait time + * @return {@code true} if acquired + */ + private boolean doAcquireNanos(long arg, long nanosTimeout) + throws InterruptedException { + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) { + setHead(node); + p.next = null; // help GC + return true; + } + if (nanosTimeout <= 0) { + cancelAcquire(node); + return false; + } + if (nanosTimeout > spinForTimeoutThreshold && + shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node)) + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (Thread.interrupted()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared uninterruptible mode. + * @param arg the acquire argument + */ + private void doAcquireShared(long arg) { + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED); + try { + boolean interrupted = false; + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head) { + long r = tryAcquireShared(arg); + if (r >= 0) { + setHeadAndPropagate(node, r); + p.next = null; // help GC + if (interrupted) + selfInterrupt(); + return; + } + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + interrupted = true; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared interruptible mode. + * @param arg the acquire argument + */ + private void doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(long arg) + throws InterruptedException { + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head) { + long r = tryAcquireShared(arg); + if (r >= 0) { + setHeadAndPropagate(node, r); + p.next = null; // help GC + return; + } + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared timed mode. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument + * @param nanosTimeout max wait time + * @return {@code true} if acquired + */ + private boolean doAcquireSharedNanos(long arg, long nanosTimeout) + throws InterruptedException { + + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head) { + long r = tryAcquireShared(arg); + if (r >= 0) { + setHeadAndPropagate(node, r); + p.next = null; // help GC + return true; + } + } + if (nanosTimeout <= 0) { + cancelAcquire(node); + return false; + } + if (nanosTimeout > spinForTimeoutThreshold && + shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node)) + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (Thread.interrupted()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + // Main exported methods + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in exclusive mode. This method should query + * if the state of the object permits it to be acquired in the + * exclusive mode, and if so to acquire it. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing + * acquire. If this method reports failure, the acquire method + * may queue the thread, if it is not already queued, until it is + * signalled by a release from some other thread. This can be used + * to implement method {@link Lock#tryLock()}. + * + *

The default + * implementation throws {@link UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is always the one + * passed to an acquire method, or is the value saved on entry + * to a condition wait. The value is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @return {@code true} if successful. Upon success, this object has + * been acquired. + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if acquiring would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if exclusive mode is not supported + */ + protected boolean tryAcquire(long arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to set the state to reflect a release in exclusive + * mode. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing release. + * + *

The default implementation throws + * {@link UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is always the one + * passed to a release method, or the current state value upon + * entry to a condition wait. The value is otherwise + * uninterpreted and can represent anything you like. + * @return {@code true} if this object is now in a fully released + * state, so that any waiting threads may attempt to acquire; + * and {@code false} otherwise. + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if releasing would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if exclusive mode is not supported + */ + protected boolean tryRelease(long arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in shared mode. This method should query if + * the state of the object permits it to be acquired in the shared + * mode, and if so to acquire it. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing + * acquire. If this method reports failure, the acquire method + * may queue the thread, if it is not already queued, until it is + * signalled by a release from some other thread. + * + *

The default implementation throws {@link + * UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is always the one + * passed to an acquire method, or is the value saved on entry + * to a condition wait. The value is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @return a negative value on failure; zero if acquisition in shared + * mode succeeded but no subsequent shared-mode acquire can + * succeed; and a positive value if acquisition in shared + * mode succeeded and subsequent shared-mode acquires might + * also succeed, in which case a subsequent waiting thread + * must check availability. (Support for three different + * return values enables this method to be used in contexts + * where acquires only sometimes act exclusively.) Upon + * success, this object has been acquired. + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if acquiring would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if shared mode is not supported + */ + protected long tryAcquireShared(long arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to set the state to reflect a release in shared mode. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing release. + * + *

The default implementation throws + * {@link UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is always the one + * passed to a release method, or the current state value upon + * entry to a condition wait. The value is otherwise + * uninterpreted and can represent anything you like. + * @return {@code true} if this release of shared mode may permit a + * waiting acquire (shared or exclusive) to succeed; and + * {@code false} otherwise + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if releasing would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if shared mode is not supported + */ + protected boolean tryReleaseShared(long arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Returns {@code true} if synchronization is held exclusively with + * respect to the current (calling) thread. This method is invoked + * upon each call to a non-waiting {@link ConditionObject} method. + * (Waiting methods instead invoke {@link #release}.) + * + *

The default implementation throws {@link + * UnsupportedOperationException}. This method is invoked + * internally only within {@link ConditionObject} methods, so need + * not be defined if conditions are not used. + * + * @return {@code true} if synchronization is held exclusively; + * {@code false} otherwise + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if conditions are not supported + */ + protected boolean isHeldExclusively() { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive mode, ignoring interrupts. Implemented + * by invoking at least once {@link #tryAcquire}, + * returning on success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly + * repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link + * #tryAcquire} until success. This method can be used + * to implement method {@link Lock#lock}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + */ + public final void acquire(long arg) { + if (!tryAcquire(arg) && + acquireQueued(addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE), arg)) + selfInterrupt(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive mode, aborting if interrupted. + * Implemented by first checking interrupt status, then invoking + * at least once {@link #tryAcquire}, returning on + * success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly repeatedly + * blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link #tryAcquire} + * until success or the thread is interrupted. This method can be + * used to implement method {@link Lock#lockInterruptibly}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final void acquireInterruptibly(long arg) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + if (!tryAcquire(arg)) + doAcquireInterruptibly(arg); + } + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in exclusive mode, aborting if interrupted, + * and failing if the given timeout elapses. Implemented by first + * checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once {@link + * #tryAcquire}, returning on success. Otherwise, the thread is + * queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking + * {@link #tryAcquire} until success or the thread is interrupted + * or the timeout elapses. This method can be used to implement + * method {@link Lock#tryLock(long, TimeUnit)}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + * @param nanosTimeout the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait + * @return {@code true} if acquired; {@code false} if timed out + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final boolean tryAcquireNanos(long arg, long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + return tryAcquire(arg) || + doAcquireNanos(arg, nanosTimeout); + } + + /** + * Releases in exclusive mode. Implemented by unblocking one or + * more threads if {@link #tryRelease} returns true. + * This method can be used to implement method {@link Lock#unlock}. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryRelease} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + * @return the value returned from {@link #tryRelease} + */ + public final boolean release(long arg) { + if (tryRelease(arg)) { + Node h = head; + if (h != null && h.waitStatus != 0) + unparkSuccessor(h); + return true; + } + return false; + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared mode, ignoring interrupts. Implemented by + * first invoking at least once {@link #tryAcquireShared}, + * returning on success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly + * repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link + * #tryAcquireShared} until success. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + */ + public final void acquireShared(long arg) { + if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0) + doAcquireShared(arg); + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared mode, aborting if interrupted. Implemented + * by first checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once + * {@link #tryAcquireShared}, returning on success. Otherwise the + * thread is queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking, + * invoking {@link #tryAcquireShared} until success or the thread + * is interrupted. + * @param arg the acquire argument. + * This value is conveyed to {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is + * otherwise uninterpreted and can represent anything + * you like. + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final void acquireSharedInterruptibly(long arg) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0) + doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(arg); + } + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in shared mode, aborting if interrupted, and + * failing if the given timeout elapses. Implemented by first + * checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once {@link + * #tryAcquireShared}, returning on success. Otherwise, the + * thread is queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking, + * invoking {@link #tryAcquireShared} until success or the thread + * is interrupted or the timeout elapses. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @param nanosTimeout the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait + * @return {@code true} if acquired; {@code false} if timed out + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final boolean tryAcquireSharedNanos(long arg, long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + return tryAcquireShared(arg) >= 0 || + doAcquireSharedNanos(arg, nanosTimeout); + } + + /** + * Releases in shared mode. Implemented by unblocking one or more + * threads if {@link #tryReleaseShared} returns true. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryReleaseShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @return the value returned from {@link #tryReleaseShared} + */ + public final boolean releaseShared(long arg) { + if (tryReleaseShared(arg)) { + Node h = head; + if (h != null && h.waitStatus != 0) + unparkSuccessor(h); + return true; + } + return false; + } + + // Queue inspection methods + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting to acquire. Note that + * because cancellations due to interrupts and timeouts may occur + * at any time, a {@code true} return does not guarantee that any + * other thread will ever acquire. + * + *

In this implementation, this operation returns in + * constant time. + * + * @return {@code true} if there may be other threads waiting to acquire + */ + public final boolean hasQueuedThreads() { + return head != tail; + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads have ever contended to acquire this + * synchronizer; that is if an acquire method has ever blocked. + * + *

In this implementation, this operation returns in + * constant time. + * + * @return {@code true} if there has ever been contention + */ + public final boolean hasContended() { + return head != null; + } + + /** + * Returns the first (longest-waiting) thread in the queue, or + * {@code null} if no threads are currently queued. + * + *

In this implementation, this operation normally returns in + * constant time, but may iterate upon contention if other threads are + * concurrently modifying the queue. + * + * @return the first (longest-waiting) thread in the queue, or + * {@code null} if no threads are currently queued + */ + public final Thread getFirstQueuedThread() { + // handle only fast path, else relay + return (head == tail)? null : fullGetFirstQueuedThread(); + } + + /** + * Version of getFirstQueuedThread called when fastpath fails + */ + private Thread fullGetFirstQueuedThread() { + /* + * The first node is normally h.next. Try to get its + * thread field, ensuring consistent reads: If thread + * field is nulled out or s.prev is no longer head, then + * some other thread(s) concurrently performed setHead in + * between some of our reads. We try this twice before + * resorting to traversal. + */ + Node h, s; + Thread st; + if (((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.prev == head && (st = s.thread) != null) || + ((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.prev == head && (st = s.thread) != null)) + return st; + + /* + * Head's next field might not have been set yet, or may have + * been unset after setHead. So we must check to see if tail + * is actually first node. If not, we continue on, safely + * traversing from tail back to head to find first, + * guaranteeing termination. + */ + + Node t = tail; + Thread firstThread = null; + while (t != null && t != head) { + Thread tt = t.thread; + if (tt != null) + firstThread = tt; + t = t.prev; + } + return firstThread; + } + + /** + * Returns true if the given thread is currently queued. + * + *

This implementation traverses the queue to determine + * presence of the given thread. + * + * @param thread the thread + * @return {@code true} if the given thread is on the queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the thread is null + */ + public final boolean isQueued(Thread thread) { + if (thread == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) + if (p.thread == thread) + return true; + return false; + } + + /** + * Return {@code true} if the apparent first queued thread, if one + * exists, is not waiting in exclusive mode. Used only as a heuristic + * in ReentrantReadWriteLock. + */ + final boolean apparentlyFirstQueuedIsExclusive() { + Node h, s; + return ((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.nextWaiter != Node.SHARED); + } + + /** + * Return {@code true} if the queue is empty or if the given thread + * is at the head of the queue. This is reliable only if + * current is actually Thread.currentThread() of caller. + */ + final boolean isFirst(Thread current) { + Node h, s; + return ((h = head) == null || + ((s = h.next) != null && s.thread == current) || + fullIsFirst(current)); + } + + final boolean fullIsFirst(Thread current) { + // same idea as fullGetFirstQueuedThread + Node h, s; + Thread firstThread = null; + if (((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.prev == head && (firstThread = s.thread) != null)) + return firstThread == current; + Node t = tail; + while (t != null && t != head) { + Thread tt = t.thread; + if (tt != null) + firstThread = tt; + t = t.prev; + } + return firstThread == current || firstThread == null; + } + + + // Instrumentation and monitoring methods + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting to + * acquire. The value is only an estimate because the number of + * threads may change dynamically while this method traverses + * internal data structures. This method is designed for use in + * monitoring system state, not for synchronization + * control. + * + * @return the estimated number of threads waiting to acquire + */ + public final int getQueueLength() { + int n = 0; + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + if (p.thread != null) + ++n; + } + return n; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire. Because the actual set of threads may change + * dynamically while constructing this result, the returned + * collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the + * returned collection are in no particular order. This method is + * designed to facilitate construction of subclasses that provide + * more extensive monitoring facilities. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + public final Collection getQueuedThreads() { + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + Thread t = p.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + return list; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire in exclusive mode. This has the same properties + * as {@link #getQueuedThreads} except that it only returns + * those threads waiting due to an exclusive acquire. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + public final Collection getExclusiveQueuedThreads() { + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + if (!p.isShared()) { + Thread t = p.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + } + return list; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire in shared mode. This has the same properties + * as {@link #getQueuedThreads} except that it only returns + * those threads waiting due to a shared acquire. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + public final Collection getSharedQueuedThreads() { + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + if (p.isShared()) { + Thread t = p.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + } + return list; + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this synchronizer, as well as its state. + * The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "State ="} + * followed by the current value of {@link #getState}, and either + * {@code "nonempty"} or {@code "empty"} depending on whether the + * queue is empty. + * + * @return a string identifying this synchronizer, as well as its state + */ + public String toString() { + long s = getState(); + String q = hasQueuedThreads()? "non" : ""; + return super.toString() + + "[State = " + s + ", " + q + "empty queue]"; + } + + + // Internal support methods for Conditions + + /** + * Returns true if a node, always one that was initially placed on + * a condition queue, is now waiting to reacquire on sync queue. + * @param node the node + * @return true if is reacquiring + */ + final boolean isOnSyncQueue(Node node) { + if (node.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION || node.prev == null) + return false; + if (node.next != null) // If has successor, it must be on queue + return true; + /* + * node.prev can be non-null, but not yet on queue because + * the CAS to place it on queue can fail. So we have to + * traverse from tail to make sure it actually made it. It + * will always be near the tail in calls to this method, and + * unless the CAS failed (which is unlikely), it will be + * there, so we hardly ever traverse much. + */ + return findNodeFromTail(node); + } + + /** + * Returns true if node is on sync queue by searching backwards from tail. + * Called only when needed by isOnSyncQueue. + * @return true if present + */ + private boolean findNodeFromTail(Node node) { + Node t = tail; + for (;;) { + if (t == node) + return true; + if (t == null) + return false; + t = t.prev; + } + } + + /** + * Transfers a node from a condition queue onto sync queue. + * Returns true if successful. + * @param node the node + * @return true if successfully transferred (else the node was + * cancelled before signal). + */ + final boolean transferForSignal(Node node) { + /* + * If cannot change waitStatus, the node has been cancelled. + */ + if (!compareAndSetWaitStatus(node, Node.CONDITION, 0)) + return false; + + /* + * Splice onto queue and try to set waitStatus of predecessor to + * indicate that thread is (probably) waiting. If cancelled or + * attempt to set waitStatus fails, wake up to resync (in which + * case the waitStatus can be transiently and harmlessly wrong). + */ + Node p = enq(node); + int c = p.waitStatus; + if (c > 0 || !compareAndSetWaitStatus(p, c, Node.SIGNAL)) + LockSupport.unpark(node.thread); + return true; + } + + /** + * Transfers node, if necessary, to sync queue after a cancelled + * wait. Returns true if thread was cancelled before being + * signalled. + * @param current the waiting thread + * @param node its node + * @return true if cancelled before the node was signalled. + */ + final boolean transferAfterCancelledWait(Node node) { + if (compareAndSetWaitStatus(node, Node.CONDITION, 0)) { + enq(node); + return true; + } + /* + * If we lost out to a signal(), then we can't proceed + * until it finishes its enq(). Cancelling during an + * incomplete transfer is both rare and transient, so just + * spin. + */ + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) + Thread.yield(); + return false; + } + + /** + * Invokes release with current state value; returns saved state. + * Cancels node and throws exception on failure. + * @param node the condition node for this wait + * @return previous sync state + */ + final long fullyRelease(Node node) { + try { + long savedState = getState(); + if (release(savedState)) + return savedState; + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + node.waitStatus = Node.CANCELLED; + throw ex; + } + // reach here if release fails + node.waitStatus = Node.CANCELLED; + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + } + + // Instrumentation methods for conditions + + /** + * Queries whether the given ConditionObject + * uses this synchronizer as its lock. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return true if owned + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final boolean owns(ConditionObject condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return condition.isOwnedBy(this); + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting on the given condition + * associated with this synchronizer. Note that because timeouts + * and interrupts may occur at any time, a true return + * does not guarantee that a future signal will awaken + * any threads. This method is designed primarily for use in + * monitoring of the system state. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return true if there are any waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization + * is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this synchronizer + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final boolean hasWaiters(ConditionObject condition) { + if (!owns(condition)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner"); + return condition.hasWaiters(); + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on the + * given condition associated with this synchronizer. Note that + * because timeouts and interrupts may occur at any time, the + * estimate serves only as an upper bound on the actual number of + * waiters. This method is designed for use in monitoring of the + * system state, not for synchronization control. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the estimated number of waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization + * is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this synchronizer + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final int getWaitQueueLength(ConditionObject condition) { + if (!owns(condition)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner"); + return condition.getWaitQueueLength(); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing those threads that may be + * waiting on the given condition associated with this + * synchronizer. Because the actual set of threads may change + * dynamically while constructing this result, the returned + * collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the + * returned collection are in no particular order. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the collection of threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization + * is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this synchronizer + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final Collection getWaitingThreads(ConditionObject condition) { + if (!owns(condition)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner"); + return condition.getWaitingThreads(); + } + + /** + * Condition implementation for a {@link + * AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer} serving as the basis of a {@link + * Lock} implementation. + * + *

Method documentation for this class describes mechanics, + * not behavioral specifications from the point of view of Lock + * and Condition users. Exported versions of this class will in + * general need to be accompanied by documentation describing + * condition semantics that rely on those of the associated + * AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer. + * + *

This class is Serializable, but all fields are transient, + * so deserialized conditions have no waiters. + * + * @since 1.6 + */ + public class ConditionObject implements Condition, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 1173984872572414699L; + /** First node of condition queue. */ + private transient Node firstWaiter; + /** Last node of condition queue. */ + private transient Node lastWaiter; + + /** + * Creates a new ConditionObject instance. + */ + public ConditionObject() { } + + // Internal methods + + /** + * Adds a new waiter to wait queue. + * @return its new wait node + */ + private Node addConditionWaiter() { + Node node = new Node(Thread.currentThread(), Node.CONDITION); + Node t = lastWaiter; + if (t == null) + firstWaiter = node; + else + t.nextWaiter = node; + lastWaiter = node; + return node; + } + + /** + * Removes and transfers nodes until hit non-cancelled one or + * null. Split out from signal in part to encourage compilers + * to inline the case of no waiters. + * @param first (non-null) the first node on condition queue + */ + private void doSignal(Node first) { + do { + if ( (firstWaiter = first.nextWaiter) == null) + lastWaiter = null; + first.nextWaiter = null; + } while (!transferForSignal(first) && + (first = firstWaiter) != null); + } + + /** + * Removes and transfers all nodes. + * @param first (non-null) the first node on condition queue + */ + private void doSignalAll(Node first) { + lastWaiter = firstWaiter = null; + do { + Node next = first.nextWaiter; + first.nextWaiter = null; + transferForSignal(first); + first = next; + } while (first != null); + } + + /** + * Returns true if given node is on this condition queue. + * Call only when holding lock. + */ + private boolean isOnConditionQueue(Node node) { + return node.next != null || node == lastWaiter; + } + + /** + * Unlinks a cancelled waiter node from condition queue. This + * is called when cancellation occurred during condition wait, + * not lock wait, and is called only after lock has been + * re-acquired by a cancelled waiter and the node is not known + * to already have been dequeued. It is needed to avoid + * garbage retention in the absence of signals. So even though + * it may require a full traversal, it comes into play only + * when timeouts or cancellations occur in the absence of + * signals. + */ + private void unlinkCancelledWaiter(Node node) { + Node t = firstWaiter; + Node trail = null; + while (t != null) { + if (t == node) { + Node next = t.nextWaiter; + if (trail == null) + firstWaiter = next; + else + trail.nextWaiter = next; + if (lastWaiter == node) + lastWaiter = trail; + break; + } + trail = t; + t = t.nextWaiter; + } + } + + // public methods + + /** + * Moves the longest-waiting thread, if one exists, from the + * wait queue for this condition to the wait queue for the + * owning lock. + * + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + public final void signal() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + Node first = firstWaiter; + if (first != null) + doSignal(first); + } + + /** + * Moves all threads from the wait queue for this condition to + * the wait queue for the owning lock. + * + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + public final void signalAll() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + Node first = firstWaiter; + if (first != null) + doSignalAll(first); + } + + /** + * Implements uninterruptible condition wait. + *

    + *
  1. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  2. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  3. Block until signalled + *
  4. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
+ */ + public final void awaitUninterruptibly() { + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + long savedState = fullyRelease(node); + boolean interrupted = false; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + LockSupport.park(this); + if (Thread.interrupted()) + interrupted = true; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) || interrupted) + selfInterrupt(); + } + + /* + * For interruptible waits, we need to track whether to throw + * InterruptedException, if interrupted while blocked on + * condition, versus reinterrupt current thread, if + * interrupted while blocked waiting to re-acquire. + */ + + /** Mode meaning to reinterrupt on exit from wait */ + private static final int REINTERRUPT = 1; + /** Mode meaning to throw InterruptedException on exit from wait */ + private static final int THROW_IE = -1; + + /** + * Checks for interrupt, returning THROW_IE if interrupted + * before signalled, REINTERRUPT if after signalled, or + * 0 if not interrupted. + */ + private int checkInterruptWhileWaiting(Node node) { + return (Thread.interrupted()) ? + ((transferAfterCancelledWait(node))? THROW_IE : REINTERRUPT) : + 0; + } + + /** + * Throws InterruptedException, reinterrupts current thread, or + * does nothing, depending on mode. + */ + private void reportInterruptAfterWait(int interruptMode) + throws InterruptedException { + if (interruptMode == THROW_IE) + throw new InterruptedException(); + else if (interruptMode == REINTERRUPT) + selfInterrupt(); + } + + /** + * Implements interruptible condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled or interrupted + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw exception + *
+ */ + public final void await() throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + long savedState = fullyRelease(node); + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + LockSupport.park(this); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + } + + /** + * Implements timed condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException + *
+ */ + public final long awaitNanos(long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + long savedState = fullyRelease(node); + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + if (nanosTimeout <= 0L) { + transferAfterCancelledWait(node); + break; + } + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + return nanosTimeout - (System.nanoTime() - lastTime); + } + + /** + * Implements absolute timed condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException + *
  7. If timed out while blocked in step 4, return false, else true + *
+ */ + public final boolean awaitUntil(Date deadline) throws InterruptedException { + if (deadline == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + long abstime = deadline.getTime(); + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + long savedState = fullyRelease(node); + boolean timedout = false; + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + if (System.currentTimeMillis() > abstime) { + timedout = transferAfterCancelledWait(node); + break; + } + LockSupport.parkUntil(this, abstime); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + return !timedout; + } + + /** + * Implements timed condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException + *
  7. If timed out while blocked in step 4, return false, else true + *
+ */ + public final boolean await(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + if (unit == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + long nanosTimeout = unit.toNanos(time); + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + long savedState = fullyRelease(node); + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + boolean timedout = false; + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + if (nanosTimeout <= 0L) { + timedout = transferAfterCancelledWait(node); + break; + } + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + return !timedout; + } + + // support for instrumentation + + /** + * Returns true if this condition was created by the given + * synchronization object. + * + * @return {@code true} if owned + */ + final boolean isOwnedBy(AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer sync) { + return sync == AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.this; + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting on this condition. + * Implements {@link AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer#hasWaiters}. + * + * @return {@code true} if there are any waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + protected final boolean hasWaiters() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + for (Node w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) { + if (w.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on + * this condition. + * Implements {@link AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer#getWaitQueueLength}. + * + * @return the estimated number of waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + protected final int getWaitQueueLength() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + int n = 0; + for (Node w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) { + if (w.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION) + ++n; + } + return n; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing those threads that may be + * waiting on this Condition. + * Implements {@link AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer#getWaitingThreads}. + * + * @return the collection of threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + protected final Collection getWaitingThreads() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) { + if (w.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION) { + Thread t = w.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + } + return list; + } + } + + /** + * Setup to support compareAndSet. We need to natively implement + * this here: For the sake of permitting future enhancements, we + * cannot explicitly subclass AtomicLong, which would be + * efficient and useful otherwise. So, as the lesser of evils, we + * natively implement using hotspot intrinsics API. And while we + * are at it, we do the same for other CASable fields (which could + * otherwise be done with atomic field updaters). + */ + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long stateOffset; + private static final long headOffset; + private static final long tailOffset; + private static final long waitStatusOffset; + + static { + try { + stateOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("state")); + headOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("head")); + tailOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AbstractQueuedLongSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("tail")); + waitStatusOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (Node.class.getDeclaredField("waitStatus")); + + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + + /** + * CAS head field. Used only by enq + */ + private final boolean compareAndSetHead(Node update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(this, headOffset, null, update); + } + + /** + * CAS tail field. Used only by enq + */ + private final boolean compareAndSetTail(Node expect, Node update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(this, tailOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * CAS waitStatus field of a node. + */ + private final static boolean compareAndSetWaitStatus(Node node, + int expect, + int update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(node, waitStatusOffset, + expect, update); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..647f4fcbc --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java @@ -0,0 +1,2159 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + +/** + * Provides a framework for implementing blocking locks and related + * synchronizers (semaphores, events, etc) that rely on + * first-in-first-out (FIFO) wait queues. This class is designed to + * be a useful basis for most kinds of synchronizers that rely on a + * single atomic int value to represent state. Subclasses + * must define the protected methods that change this state, and which + * define what that state means in terms of this object being acquired + * or released. Given these, the other methods in this class carry + * out all queuing and blocking mechanics. Subclasses can maintain + * other state fields, but only the atomically updated int + * value manipulated using methods {@link #getState}, {@link + * #setState} and {@link #compareAndSetState} is tracked with respect + * to synchronization. + * + *

Subclasses should be defined as non-public internal helper + * classes that are used to implement the synchronization properties + * of their enclosing class. Class + * AbstractQueuedSynchronizer does not implement any + * synchronization interface. Instead it defines methods such as + * {@link #acquireInterruptibly} that can be invoked as + * appropriate by concrete locks and related synchronizers to + * implement their public methods. + * + *

This class supports either or both a default exclusive + * mode and a shared mode. When acquired in exclusive mode, + * attempted acquires by other threads cannot succeed. Shared mode + * acquires by multiple threads may (but need not) succeed. This class + * does not "understand" these differences except in the + * mechanical sense that when a shared mode acquire succeeds, the next + * waiting thread (if one exists) must also determine whether it can + * acquire as well. Threads waiting in the different modes share the + * same FIFO queue. Usually, implementation subclasses support only + * one of these modes, but both can come into play for example in a + * {@link ReadWriteLock}. Subclasses that support only exclusive or + * only shared modes need not define the methods supporting the unused mode. + * + *

This class defines a nested {@link ConditionObject} class that + * can be used as a {@link Condition} implementation by subclasses + * supporting exclusive mode for which method {@link + * #isHeldExclusively} reports whether synchronization is exclusively + * held with respect to the current thread, method {@link #release} + * invoked with the current {@link #getState} value fully releases + * this object, and {@link #acquire}, given this saved state value, + * eventually restores this object to its previous acquired state. No + * AbstractQueuedSynchronizer method otherwise creates such a + * condition, so if this constraint cannot be met, do not use it. The + * behavior of {@link ConditionObject} depends of course on the + * semantics of its synchronizer implementation. + * + *

This class provides inspection, instrumentation, and monitoring + * methods for the internal queue, as well as similar methods for + * condition objects. These can be exported as desired into classes + * using an AbstractQueuedSynchronizer for their + * synchronization mechanics. + * + *

Serialization of this class stores only the underlying atomic + * integer maintaining state, so deserialized objects have empty + * thread queues. Typical subclasses requiring serializability will + * define a readObject method that restores this to a known + * initial state upon deserialization. + * + *

Usage

+ * + *

To use this class as the basis of a synchronizer, redefine the + * following methods, as applicable, by inspecting and/or modifying + * the synchronization state using {@link #getState}, {@link + * #setState} and/or {@link #compareAndSetState}: + * + *

    + *
  • {@link #tryAcquire} + *
  • {@link #tryRelease} + *
  • {@link #tryAcquireShared} + *
  • {@link #tryReleaseShared} + *
  • {@link #isHeldExclusively} + *
+ * + * Each of these methods by default throws {@link + * UnsupportedOperationException}. Implementations of these methods + * must be internally thread-safe, and should in general be short and + * not block. Defining these methods is the only supported + * means of using this class. All other methods are declared + * final because they cannot be independently varied. + * + *

You may also find the inherited methods from {@link + * AbstractOwnableSynchronizer} useful to keep track of the thread + * owning an exclusive synchronizer. You are encouraged to use them + * -- this enables monitoring and diagnostic tools to assist users in + * determining which threads hold locks. + * + *

Even though this class is based on an internal FIFO queue, it + * does not automatically enforce FIFO acquisition policies. The core + * of exclusive synchronization takes the form: + * + * 

+ * Acquire:
+ *     while (!tryAcquire(arg)) {
+ *        enqueue thread if it is not already queued;
+ *        possibly block current thread;
+ *     }
+ *
+ * Release:
+ *     if (tryRelease(arg))
+ *        unblock the first queued thread;
+ *
+ * + * (Shared mode is similar but may involve cascading signals.) + * + *

Because checks in acquire are invoked before enqueuing, a newly + * acquiring thread may barge ahead of others that are + * blocked and queued. However, you can, if desired, define + * tryAcquire and/or tryAcquireShared to disable + * barging by internally invoking one or more of the inspection + * methods. In particular, a strict FIFO lock can define + * tryAcquire to immediately return false if {@link + * #getFirstQueuedThread} does not return the current thread. A + * normally preferable non-strict fair version can immediately return + * false only if {@link #hasQueuedThreads} returns + * true and getFirstQueuedThread is not the current + * thread; or equivalently, that getFirstQueuedThread is both + * non-null and not the current thread. Further variations are + * possible. + * + *

Throughput and scalability are generally highest for the + * default barging (also known as greedy, + * renouncement, and convoy-avoidance) strategy. + * While this is not guaranteed to be fair or starvation-free, earlier + * queued threads are allowed to recontend before later queued + * threads, and each recontention has an unbiased chance to succeed + * against incoming threads. Also, while acquires do not + * "spin" in the usual sense, they may perform multiple + * invocations of tryAcquire interspersed with other + * computations before blocking. This gives most of the benefits of + * spins when exclusive synchronization is only briefly held, without + * most of the liabilities when it isn't. If so desired, you can + * augment this by preceding calls to acquire methods with + * "fast-path" checks, possibly prechecking {@link #hasContended} + * and/or {@link #hasQueuedThreads} to only do so if the synchronizer + * is likely not to be contended. + * + *

This class provides an efficient and scalable basis for + * synchronization in part by specializing its range of use to + * synchronizers that can rely on int state, acquire, and + * release parameters, and an internal FIFO wait queue. When this does + * not suffice, you can build synchronizers from a lower level using + * {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic atomic} classes, your own custom + * {@link java.util.Queue} classes, and {@link LockSupport} blocking + * support. + * + *

Usage Examples

+ * + *

Here is a non-reentrant mutual exclusion lock class that uses + * the value zero to represent the unlocked state, and one to + * represent the locked state. While a non-reentrant lock + * does not strictly require recording of the current owner + * thread, this class does so anyway to make usage easier to monitor. + * It also supports conditions and exposes + * one of the instrumentation methods: + * + * 

+ * class Mutex implements Lock, java.io.Serializable {
+ *
+ *   // Our internal helper class
+ *   private static class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer {
+ *     // Report whether in locked state
+ *     protected boolean isHeldExclusively() {
+ *       return getState() == 1;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     // Acquire the lock if state is zero
+ *     public boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) {
+ *       assert acquires == 1; // Otherwise unused
+ *       if (compareAndSetState(0, 1)) {
+ *         setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread());
+ *         return true;
+ *       }
+ *       return false;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     // Release the lock by setting state to zero
+ *     protected boolean tryRelease(int releases) {
+ *       assert releases == 1; // Otherwise unused
+ *       if (getState() == 0) throw new IllegalMonitorStateException();
+ *       setExclusiveOwnerThread(null);
+ *       setState(0);
+ *       return true;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     // Provide a Condition
+ *     Condition newCondition() { return new ConditionObject(); }
+ *
+ *     // Deserialize properly
+ *     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s)
+ *         throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+ *       s.defaultReadObject();
+ *       setState(0); // reset to unlocked state
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   // The sync object does all the hard work. We just forward to it.
+ *   private final Sync sync = new Sync();
+ *
+ *   public void lock()                { sync.acquire(1); }
+ *   public boolean tryLock()          { return sync.tryAcquire(1); }
+ *   public void unlock()              { sync.release(1); }
+ *   public Condition newCondition()   { return sync.newCondition(); }
+ *   public boolean isLocked()         { return sync.isHeldExclusively(); }
+ *   public boolean hasQueuedThreads() { return sync.hasQueuedThreads(); }
+ *   public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
+ *     sync.acquireInterruptibly(1);
+ *   }
+ *   public boolean tryLock(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+ *       throws InterruptedException {
+ *     return sync.tryAcquireNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout));
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + *

Here is a latch class that is like a {@link CountDownLatch} + * except that it only requires a single signal to + * fire. Because a latch is non-exclusive, it uses the shared + * acquire and release methods. + * + * 

+ * class BooleanLatch {
+ *
+ *   private static class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer {
+ *     boolean isSignalled() { return getState() != 0; }
+ *
+ *     protected int tryAcquireShared(int ignore) {
+ *       return isSignalled()? 1 : -1;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int ignore) {
+ *       setState(1);
+ *       return true;
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   private final Sync sync = new Sync();
+ *   public boolean isSignalled() { return sync.isSignalled(); }
+ *   public void signal()         { sync.releaseShared(1); }
+ *   public void await() throws InterruptedException {
+ *     sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1);
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public abstract class AbstractQueuedSynchronizer + extends AbstractOwnableSynchronizer + implements java.io.Serializable { + + private static final long serialVersionUID = 7373984972572414691L; + + /** + * Creates a new AbstractQueuedSynchronizer instance + * with initial synchronization state of zero. + */ + protected AbstractQueuedSynchronizer() { } + + /** + * Wait queue node class. + * + *

The wait queue is a variant of a "CLH" (Craig, Landin, and + * Hagersten) lock queue. CLH locks are normally used for + * spinlocks. We instead use them for blocking synchronizers, but + * use the same basic tactic of holding some of the control + * information about a thread in the predecessor of its node. A + * "status" field in each node keeps track of whether a thread + * should block. A node is signalled when its predecessor + * releases. Each node of the queue otherwise serves as a + * specific-notification-style monitor holding a single waiting + * thread. The status field does NOT control whether threads are + * granted locks etc though. A thread may try to acquire if it is + * first in the queue. But being first does not guarantee success; + * it only gives the right to contend. So the currently released + * contender thread may need to rewait. + * + *

To enqueue into a CLH lock, you atomically splice it in as new + * tail. To dequeue, you just set the head field. + * 

+     *      +------+  prev +-----+       +-----+
+     * head |      | <---- |     | <---- |     |  tail
+     *      +------+       +-----+       +-----+
+     *
+ * + *

Insertion into a CLH queue requires only a single atomic + * operation on "tail", so there is a simple atomic point of + * demarcation from unqueued to queued. Similarly, dequeing + * involves only updating the "head". However, it takes a bit + * more work for nodes to determine who their successors are, + * in part to deal with possible cancellation due to timeouts + * and interrupts. + * + *

The "prev" links (not used in original CLH locks), are mainly + * needed to handle cancellation. If a node is cancelled, its + * successor is (normally) relinked to a non-cancelled + * predecessor. For explanation of similar mechanics in the case + * of spin locks, see the papers by Scott and Scherer at + * http://www.cs.rochester.edu/u/scott/synchronization/ + * + *

We also use "next" links to implement blocking mechanics. + * The thread id for each node is kept in its own node, so a + * predecessor signals the next node to wake up by traversing + * next link to determine which thread it is. Determination of + * successor must avoid races with newly queued nodes to set + * the "next" fields of their predecessors. This is solved + * when necessary by checking backwards from the atomically + * updated "tail" when a node's successor appears to be null. + * (Or, said differently, the next-links are an optimization + * so that we don't usually need a backward scan.) + * + *

Cancellation introduces some conservatism to the basic + * algorithms. Since we must poll for cancellation of other + * nodes, we can miss noticing whether a cancelled node is + * ahead or behind us. This is dealt with by always unparking + * successors upon cancellation, allowing them to stabilize on + * a new predecessor. + * + *

CLH queues need a dummy header node to get started. But + * we don't create them on construction, because it would be wasted + * effort if there is never contention. Instead, the node + * is constructed and head and tail pointers are set upon first + * contention. + * + *

Threads waiting on Conditions use the same nodes, but + * use an additional link. Conditions only need to link nodes + * in simple (non-concurrent) linked queues because they are + * only accessed when exclusively held. Upon await, a node is + * inserted into a condition queue. Upon signal, the node is + * transferred to the main queue. A special value of status + * field is used to mark which queue a node is on. + * + *

Thanks go to Dave Dice, Mark Moir, Victor Luchangco, Bill + * Scherer and Michael Scott, along with members of JSR-166 + * expert group, for helpful ideas, discussions, and critiques + * on the design of this class. + */ + static final class Node { + /** waitStatus value to indicate thread has cancelled */ + static final int CANCELLED = 1; + /** waitStatus value to indicate successor's thread needs unparking */ + static final int SIGNAL = -1; + /** waitStatus value to indicate thread is waiting on condition */ + static final int CONDITION = -2; + /** Marker to indicate a node is waiting in shared mode */ + static final Node SHARED = new Node(); + /** Marker to indicate a node is waiting in exclusive mode */ + static final Node EXCLUSIVE = null; + + /** + * Status field, taking on only the values: + * SIGNAL: The successor of this node is (or will soon be) + * blocked (via park), so the current node must + * unpark its successor when it releases or + * cancels. To avoid races, acquire methods must + * first indicate they need a signal, + * then retry the atomic acquire, and then, + * on failure, block. + * CANCELLED: This node is cancelled due to timeout or interrupt. + * Nodes never leave this state. In particular, + * a thread with cancelled node never again blocks. + * CONDITION: This node is currently on a condition queue. + * It will not be used as a sync queue node until + * transferred. (Use of this value here + * has nothing to do with the other uses + * of the field, but simplifies mechanics.) + * 0: None of the above + * + * The values are arranged numerically to simplify use. + * Non-negative values mean that a node doesn't need to + * signal. So, most code doesn't need to check for particular + * values, just for sign. + * + * The field is initialized to 0 for normal sync nodes, and + * CONDITION for condition nodes. It is modified only using + * CAS. + */ + volatile int waitStatus; + + /** + * Link to predecessor node that current node/thread relies on + * for checking waitStatus. Assigned during enqueing, and nulled + * out (for sake of GC) only upon dequeuing. Also, upon + * cancellation of a predecessor, we short-circuit while + * finding a non-cancelled one, which will always exist + * because the head node is never cancelled: A node becomes + * head only as a result of successful acquire. A + * cancelled thread never succeeds in acquiring, and a thread only + * cancels itself, not any other node. + */ + volatile Node prev; + + /** + * Link to the successor node that the current node/thread + * unparks upon release. Assigned once during enqueuing, and + * nulled out (for sake of GC) when no longer needed. Upon + * cancellation, we cannot adjust this field, but can notice + * status and bypass the node if cancelled. The enq operation + * does not assign next field of a predecessor until after + * attachment, so seeing a null next field does not + * necessarily mean that node is at end of queue. However, if + * a next field appears to be null, we can scan prev's from + * the tail to double-check. + */ + volatile Node next; + + /** + * The thread that enqueued this node. Initialized on + * construction and nulled out after use. + */ + volatile Thread thread; + + /** + * Link to next node waiting on condition, or the special + * value SHARED. Because condition queues are accessed only + * when holding in exclusive mode, we just need a simple + * linked queue to hold nodes while they are waiting on + * conditions. They are then transferred to the queue to + * re-acquire. And because conditions can only be exclusive, + * we save a field by using special value to indicate shared + * mode. + */ + Node nextWaiter; + + /** + * Returns true if node is waiting in shared mode + */ + final boolean isShared() { + return nextWaiter == SHARED; + } + + /** + * Returns previous node, or throws NullPointerException if + * null. Use when predecessor cannot be null. + * @return the predecessor of this node + */ + final Node predecessor() throws NullPointerException { + Node p = prev; + if (p == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + else + return p; + } + + Node() { // Used to establish initial head or SHARED marker + } + + Node(Thread thread, Node mode) { // Used by addWaiter + this.nextWaiter = mode; + this.thread = thread; + } + + Node(Thread thread, int waitStatus) { // Used by Condition + this.waitStatus = waitStatus; + this.thread = thread; + } + } + + /** + * Head of the wait queue, lazily initialized. Except for + * initialization, it is modified only via method setHead. Note: + * If head exists, its waitStatus is guaranteed not to be + * CANCELLED. + */ + private transient volatile Node head; + + /** + * Tail of the wait queue, lazily initialized. Modified only via + * method enq to add new wait node. + */ + private transient volatile Node tail; + + /** + * The synchronization state. + */ + private volatile int state; + + /** + * Returns the current value of synchronization state. + * This operation has memory semantics of a volatile read. + * @return current state value + */ + protected final int getState() { + return state; + } + + /** + * Sets the value of synchronization state. + * This operation has memory semantics of a volatile write. + * @param newState the new state value + */ + protected final void setState(int newState) { + state = newState; + } + + /** + * Atomically sets synchronization state to the given updated + * value if the current state value equals the expected value. + * This operation has memory semantics of a volatile read + * and write. + * + * @param expect the expected value + * @param update the new value + * @return true if successful. False return indicates that the actual + * value was not equal to the expected value. + */ + protected final boolean compareAndSetState(int expect, int update) { + // See below for intrinsics setup to support this + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(this, stateOffset, expect, update); + } + + // Queuing utilities + + /** + * The number of nanoseconds for which it is faster to spin + * rather than to use timed park. A rough estimate suffices + * to improve responsiveness with very short timeouts. + */ + static final long spinForTimeoutThreshold = 1000L; + + /** + * Inserts node into queue, initializing if necessary. See picture above. + * @param node the node to insert + * @return node's predecessor + */ + private Node enq(final Node node) { + for (;;) { + Node t = tail; + if (t == null) { // Must initialize + Node h = new Node(); // Dummy header + h.next = node; + node.prev = h; + if (compareAndSetHead(h)) { + tail = node; + return h; + } + } + else { + node.prev = t; + if (compareAndSetTail(t, node)) { + t.next = node; + return t; + } + } + } + } + + /** + * Creates and enqueues node for given thread and mode. + * + * @param current the thread + * @param mode Node.EXCLUSIVE for exclusive, Node.SHARED for shared + * @return the new node + */ + private Node addWaiter(Node mode) { + Node node = new Node(Thread.currentThread(), mode); + // Try the fast path of enq; backup to full enq on failure + Node pred = tail; + if (pred != null) { + node.prev = pred; + if (compareAndSetTail(pred, node)) { + pred.next = node; + return node; + } + } + enq(node); + return node; + } + + /** + * Sets head of queue to be node, thus dequeuing. Called only by + * acquire methods. Also nulls out unused fields for sake of GC + * and to suppress unnecessary signals and traversals. + * + * @param node the node + */ + private void setHead(Node node) { + head = node; + node.thread = null; + node.prev = null; + } + + /** + * Wakes up node's successor, if one exists. + * + * @param node the node + */ + private void unparkSuccessor(Node node) { + /* + * Try to clear status in anticipation of signalling. It is + * OK if this fails or if status is changed by waiting thread. + */ + compareAndSetWaitStatus(node, Node.SIGNAL, 0); + + /* + * Thread to unpark is held in successor, which is normally + * just the next node. But if cancelled or apparently null, + * traverse backwards from tail to find the actual + * non-cancelled successor. + */ + Node s = node.next; + if (s == null || s.waitStatus > 0) { + s = null; + for (Node t = tail; t != null && t != node; t = t.prev) + if (t.waitStatus <= 0) + s = t; + } + if (s != null) + LockSupport.unpark(s.thread); + } + + /** + * Sets head of queue, and checks if successor may be waiting + * in shared mode, if so propagating if propagate > 0. + * + * @param pred the node holding waitStatus for node + * @param node the node + * @param propagate the return value from a tryAcquireShared + */ + private void setHeadAndPropagate(Node node, int propagate) { + setHead(node); + if (propagate > 0 && node.waitStatus != 0) { + /* + * Don't bother fully figuring out successor. If it + * looks null, call unparkSuccessor anyway to be safe. + */ + Node s = node.next; + if (s == null || s.isShared()) + unparkSuccessor(node); + } + } + + // Utilities for various versions of acquire + + /** + * Cancels an ongoing attempt to acquire. + * + * @param node the node + */ + private void cancelAcquire(Node node) { + if (node != null) { // Ignore if node doesn't exist + node.thread = null; + // Can use unconditional write instead of CAS here + node.waitStatus = Node.CANCELLED; + unparkSuccessor(node); + } + } + + /** + * Checks and updates status for a node that failed to acquire. + * Returns true if thread should block. This is the main signal + * control in all acquire loops. Requires that pred == node.prev + * + * @param pred node's predecessor holding status + * @param node the node + * @return {@code true} if thread should block + */ + private static boolean shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(Node pred, Node node) { + int s = pred.waitStatus; + if (s < 0) + /* + * This node has already set status asking a release + * to signal it, so it can safely park + */ + return true; + if (s > 0) + /* + * Predecessor was cancelled. Move up to its predecessor + * and indicate retry. + */ + node.prev = pred.prev; + else + /* + * Indicate that we need a signal, but don't park yet. Caller + * will need to retry to make sure it cannot acquire before + * parking. + */ + compareAndSetWaitStatus(pred, 0, Node.SIGNAL); + return false; + } + + /** + * Convenience method to interrupt current thread. + */ + private static void selfInterrupt() { + Thread.currentThread().interrupt(); + } + + /** + * Convenience method to park and then check if interrupted + * + * @return {@code true} if interrupted + */ + private final boolean parkAndCheckInterrupt() { + LockSupport.park(this); + return Thread.interrupted(); + } + + /* + * Various flavors of acquire, varying in exclusive/shared and + * control modes. Each is mostly the same, but annoyingly + * different. Only a little bit of factoring is possible due to + * interactions of exception mechanics (including ensuring that we + * cancel if tryAcquire throws exception) and other control, at + * least not without hurting performance too much. + */ + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive uninterruptible mode for thread already in + * queue. Used by condition wait methods as well as acquire. + * + * @param node the node + * @param arg the acquire argument + * @return {@code true} if interrupted while waiting + */ + final boolean acquireQueued(final Node node, int arg) { + try { + boolean interrupted = false; + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) { + setHead(node); + p.next = null; // help GC + return interrupted; + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + interrupted = true; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive interruptible mode. + * @param arg the acquire argument + */ + private void doAcquireInterruptibly(int arg) + throws InterruptedException { + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) { + setHead(node); + p.next = null; // help GC + return; + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive timed mode. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument + * @param nanosTimeout max wait time + * @return {@code true} if acquired + */ + private boolean doAcquireNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout) + throws InterruptedException { + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head && tryAcquire(arg)) { + setHead(node); + p.next = null; // help GC + return true; + } + if (nanosTimeout <= 0) { + cancelAcquire(node); + return false; + } + if (nanosTimeout > spinForTimeoutThreshold && + shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node)) + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (Thread.interrupted()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared uninterruptible mode. + * @param arg the acquire argument + */ + private void doAcquireShared(int arg) { + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED); + try { + boolean interrupted = false; + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head) { + int r = tryAcquireShared(arg); + if (r >= 0) { + setHeadAndPropagate(node, r); + p.next = null; // help GC + if (interrupted) + selfInterrupt(); + return; + } + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + interrupted = true; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared interruptible mode. + * @param arg the acquire argument + */ + private void doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(int arg) + throws InterruptedException { + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head) { + int r = tryAcquireShared(arg); + if (r >= 0) { + setHeadAndPropagate(node, r); + p.next = null; // help GC + return; + } + } + if (shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node) && + parkAndCheckInterrupt()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared timed mode. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument + * @param nanosTimeout max wait time + * @return {@code true} if acquired + */ + private boolean doAcquireSharedNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout) + throws InterruptedException { + + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + final Node node = addWaiter(Node.SHARED); + try { + for (;;) { + final Node p = node.predecessor(); + if (p == head) { + int r = tryAcquireShared(arg); + if (r >= 0) { + setHeadAndPropagate(node, r); + p.next = null; // help GC + return true; + } + } + if (nanosTimeout <= 0) { + cancelAcquire(node); + return false; + } + if (nanosTimeout > spinForTimeoutThreshold && + shouldParkAfterFailedAcquire(p, node)) + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + if (Thread.interrupted()) + break; + } + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + cancelAcquire(node); + throw ex; + } + // Arrive here only if interrupted + cancelAcquire(node); + throw new InterruptedException(); + } + + // Main exported methods + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in exclusive mode. This method should query + * if the state of the object permits it to be acquired in the + * exclusive mode, and if so to acquire it. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing + * acquire. If this method reports failure, the acquire method + * may queue the thread, if it is not already queued, until it is + * signalled by a release from some other thread. This can be used + * to implement method {@link Lock#tryLock()}. + * + *

The default + * implementation throws {@link UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is always the one + * passed to an acquire method, or is the value saved on entry + * to a condition wait. The value is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @return {@code true} if successful. Upon success, this object has + * been acquired. + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if acquiring would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if exclusive mode is not supported + */ + protected boolean tryAcquire(int arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to set the state to reflect a release in exclusive + * mode. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing release. + * + *

The default implementation throws + * {@link UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is always the one + * passed to a release method, or the current state value upon + * entry to a condition wait. The value is otherwise + * uninterpreted and can represent anything you like. + * @return {@code true} if this object is now in a fully released + * state, so that any waiting threads may attempt to acquire; + * and {@code false} otherwise. + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if releasing would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if exclusive mode is not supported + */ + protected boolean tryRelease(int arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in shared mode. This method should query if + * the state of the object permits it to be acquired in the shared + * mode, and if so to acquire it. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing + * acquire. If this method reports failure, the acquire method + * may queue the thread, if it is not already queued, until it is + * signalled by a release from some other thread. + * + *

The default implementation throws {@link + * UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is always the one + * passed to an acquire method, or is the value saved on entry + * to a condition wait. The value is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @return a negative value on failure; zero if acquisition in shared + * mode succeeded but no subsequent shared-mode acquire can + * succeed; and a positive value if acquisition in shared + * mode succeeded and subsequent shared-mode acquires might + * also succeed, in which case a subsequent waiting thread + * must check availability. (Support for three different + * return values enables this method to be used in contexts + * where acquires only sometimes act exclusively.) Upon + * success, this object has been acquired. + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if acquiring would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if shared mode is not supported + */ + protected int tryAcquireShared(int arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to set the state to reflect a release in shared mode. + * + *

This method is always invoked by the thread performing release. + * + *

The default implementation throws + * {@link UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is always the one + * passed to a release method, or the current state value upon + * entry to a condition wait. The value is otherwise + * uninterpreted and can represent anything you like. + * @return {@code true} if this release of shared mode may permit a + * waiting acquire (shared or exclusive) to succeed; and + * {@code false} otherwise + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if releasing would place this + * synchronizer in an illegal state. This exception must be + * thrown in a consistent fashion for synchronization to work + * correctly. + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if shared mode is not supported + */ + protected boolean tryReleaseShared(int arg) { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Returns {@code true} if synchronization is held exclusively with + * respect to the current (calling) thread. This method is invoked + * upon each call to a non-waiting {@link ConditionObject} method. + * (Waiting methods instead invoke {@link #release}.) + * + *

The default implementation throws {@link + * UnsupportedOperationException}. This method is invoked + * internally only within {@link ConditionObject} methods, so need + * not be defined if conditions are not used. + * + * @return {@code true} if synchronization is held exclusively; + * {@code false} otherwise + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if conditions are not supported + */ + protected boolean isHeldExclusively() { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive mode, ignoring interrupts. Implemented + * by invoking at least once {@link #tryAcquire}, + * returning on success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly + * repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link + * #tryAcquire} until success. This method can be used + * to implement method {@link Lock#lock}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + */ + public final void acquire(int arg) { + if (!tryAcquire(arg) && + acquireQueued(addWaiter(Node.EXCLUSIVE), arg)) + selfInterrupt(); + } + + /** + * Acquires in exclusive mode, aborting if interrupted. + * Implemented by first checking interrupt status, then invoking + * at least once {@link #tryAcquire}, returning on + * success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly repeatedly + * blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link #tryAcquire} + * until success or the thread is interrupted. This method can be + * used to implement method {@link Lock#lockInterruptibly}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final void acquireInterruptibly(int arg) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + if (!tryAcquire(arg)) + doAcquireInterruptibly(arg); + } + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in exclusive mode, aborting if interrupted, + * and failing if the given timeout elapses. Implemented by first + * checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once {@link + * #tryAcquire}, returning on success. Otherwise, the thread is + * queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking + * {@link #tryAcquire} until success or the thread is interrupted + * or the timeout elapses. This method can be used to implement + * method {@link Lock#tryLock(long, TimeUnit)}. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquire} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + * @param nanosTimeout the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait + * @return {@code true} if acquired; {@code false} if timed out + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final boolean tryAcquireNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + return tryAcquire(arg) || + doAcquireNanos(arg, nanosTimeout); + } + + /** + * Releases in exclusive mode. Implemented by unblocking one or + * more threads if {@link #tryRelease} returns true. + * This method can be used to implement method {@link Lock#unlock}. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryRelease} but is otherwise uninterpreted and + * can represent anything you like. + * @return the value returned from {@link #tryRelease} + */ + public final boolean release(int arg) { + if (tryRelease(arg)) { + Node h = head; + if (h != null && h.waitStatus != 0) + unparkSuccessor(h); + return true; + } + return false; + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared mode, ignoring interrupts. Implemented by + * first invoking at least once {@link #tryAcquireShared}, + * returning on success. Otherwise the thread is queued, possibly + * repeatedly blocking and unblocking, invoking {@link + * #tryAcquireShared} until success. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + */ + public final void acquireShared(int arg) { + if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0) + doAcquireShared(arg); + } + + /** + * Acquires in shared mode, aborting if interrupted. Implemented + * by first checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once + * {@link #tryAcquireShared}, returning on success. Otherwise the + * thread is queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking, + * invoking {@link #tryAcquireShared} until success or the thread + * is interrupted. + * @param arg the acquire argument. + * This value is conveyed to {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is + * otherwise uninterpreted and can represent anything + * you like. + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final void acquireSharedInterruptibly(int arg) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0) + doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(arg); + } + + /** + * Attempts to acquire in shared mode, aborting if interrupted, and + * failing if the given timeout elapses. Implemented by first + * checking interrupt status, then invoking at least once {@link + * #tryAcquireShared}, returning on success. Otherwise, the + * thread is queued, possibly repeatedly blocking and unblocking, + * invoking {@link #tryAcquireShared} until success or the thread + * is interrupted or the timeout elapses. + * + * @param arg the acquire argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryAcquireShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @param nanosTimeout the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait + * @return {@code true} if acquired; {@code false} if timed out + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public final boolean tryAcquireSharedNanos(int arg, long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + return tryAcquireShared(arg) >= 0 || + doAcquireSharedNanos(arg, nanosTimeout); + } + + /** + * Releases in shared mode. Implemented by unblocking one or more + * threads if {@link #tryReleaseShared} returns true. + * + * @param arg the release argument. This value is conveyed to + * {@link #tryReleaseShared} but is otherwise uninterpreted + * and can represent anything you like. + * @return the value returned from {@link #tryReleaseShared} + */ + public final boolean releaseShared(int arg) { + if (tryReleaseShared(arg)) { + Node h = head; + if (h != null && h.waitStatus != 0) + unparkSuccessor(h); + return true; + } + return false; + } + + // Queue inspection methods + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting to acquire. Note that + * because cancellations due to interrupts and timeouts may occur + * at any time, a {@code true} return does not guarantee that any + * other thread will ever acquire. + * + *

In this implementation, this operation returns in + * constant time. + * + * @return {@code true} if there may be other threads waiting to acquire + */ + public final boolean hasQueuedThreads() { + return head != tail; + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads have ever contended to acquire this + * synchronizer; that is if an acquire method has ever blocked. + * + *

In this implementation, this operation returns in + * constant time. + * + * @return {@code true} if there has ever been contention + */ + public final boolean hasContended() { + return head != null; + } + + /** + * Returns the first (longest-waiting) thread in the queue, or + * {@code null} if no threads are currently queued. + * + *

In this implementation, this operation normally returns in + * constant time, but may iterate upon contention if other threads are + * concurrently modifying the queue. + * + * @return the first (longest-waiting) thread in the queue, or + * {@code null} if no threads are currently queued + */ + public final Thread getFirstQueuedThread() { + // handle only fast path, else relay + return (head == tail)? null : fullGetFirstQueuedThread(); + } + + /** + * Version of getFirstQueuedThread called when fastpath fails + */ + private Thread fullGetFirstQueuedThread() { + /* + * The first node is normally h.next. Try to get its + * thread field, ensuring consistent reads: If thread + * field is nulled out or s.prev is no longer head, then + * some other thread(s) concurrently performed setHead in + * between some of our reads. We try this twice before + * resorting to traversal. + */ + Node h, s; + Thread st; + if (((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.prev == head && (st = s.thread) != null) || + ((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.prev == head && (st = s.thread) != null)) + return st; + + /* + * Head's next field might not have been set yet, or may have + * been unset after setHead. So we must check to see if tail + * is actually first node. If not, we continue on, safely + * traversing from tail back to head to find first, + * guaranteeing termination. + */ + + Node t = tail; + Thread firstThread = null; + while (t != null && t != head) { + Thread tt = t.thread; + if (tt != null) + firstThread = tt; + t = t.prev; + } + return firstThread; + } + + /** + * Returns true if the given thread is currently queued. + * + *

This implementation traverses the queue to determine + * presence of the given thread. + * + * @param thread the thread + * @return {@code true} if the given thread is on the queue + * @throws NullPointerException if the thread is null + */ + public final boolean isQueued(Thread thread) { + if (thread == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) + if (p.thread == thread) + return true; + return false; + } + + /** + * Return {@code true} if the apparent first queued thread, if one + * exists, is not waiting in exclusive mode. Used only as a heuristic + * in ReentrantReadWriteLock. + */ + final boolean apparentlyFirstQueuedIsExclusive() { + Node h, s; + return ((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.nextWaiter != Node.SHARED); + } + + /** + * Return {@code true} if the queue is empty or if the given thread + * is at the head of the queue. This is reliable only if + * current is actually Thread.currentThread() of caller. + */ + final boolean isFirst(Thread current) { + Node h, s; + return ((h = head) == null || + ((s = h.next) != null && s.thread == current) || + fullIsFirst(current)); + } + + final boolean fullIsFirst(Thread current) { + // same idea as fullGetFirstQueuedThread + Node h, s; + Thread firstThread = null; + if (((h = head) != null && (s = h.next) != null && + s.prev == head && (firstThread = s.thread) != null)) + return firstThread == current; + Node t = tail; + while (t != null && t != head) { + Thread tt = t.thread; + if (tt != null) + firstThread = tt; + t = t.prev; + } + return firstThread == current || firstThread == null; + } + + + // Instrumentation and monitoring methods + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting to + * acquire. The value is only an estimate because the number of + * threads may change dynamically while this method traverses + * internal data structures. This method is designed for use in + * monitoring system state, not for synchronization + * control. + * + * @return the estimated number of threads waiting to acquire + */ + public final int getQueueLength() { + int n = 0; + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + if (p.thread != null) + ++n; + } + return n; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire. Because the actual set of threads may change + * dynamically while constructing this result, the returned + * collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the + * returned collection are in no particular order. This method is + * designed to facilitate construction of subclasses that provide + * more extensive monitoring facilities. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + public final Collection getQueuedThreads() { + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + Thread t = p.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + return list; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire in exclusive mode. This has the same properties + * as {@link #getQueuedThreads} except that it only returns + * those threads waiting due to an exclusive acquire. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + public final Collection getExclusiveQueuedThreads() { + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + if (!p.isShared()) { + Thread t = p.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + } + return list; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire in shared mode. This has the same properties + * as {@link #getQueuedThreads} except that it only returns + * those threads waiting due to a shared acquire. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + public final Collection getSharedQueuedThreads() { + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node p = tail; p != null; p = p.prev) { + if (p.isShared()) { + Thread t = p.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + } + return list; + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this synchronizer, as well as its state. + * The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "State ="} + * followed by the current value of {@link #getState}, and either + * {@code "nonempty"} or {@code "empty"} depending on whether the + * queue is empty. + * + * @return a string identifying this synchronizer, as well as its state + */ + public String toString() { + int s = getState(); + String q = hasQueuedThreads()? "non" : ""; + return super.toString() + + "[State = " + s + ", " + q + "empty queue]"; + } + + + // Internal support methods for Conditions + + /** + * Returns true if a node, always one that was initially placed on + * a condition queue, is now waiting to reacquire on sync queue. + * @param node the node + * @return true if is reacquiring + */ + final boolean isOnSyncQueue(Node node) { + if (node.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION || node.prev == null) + return false; + if (node.next != null) // If has successor, it must be on queue + return true; + /* + * node.prev can be non-null, but not yet on queue because + * the CAS to place it on queue can fail. So we have to + * traverse from tail to make sure it actually made it. It + * will always be near the tail in calls to this method, and + * unless the CAS failed (which is unlikely), it will be + * there, so we hardly ever traverse much. + */ + return findNodeFromTail(node); + } + + /** + * Returns true if node is on sync queue by searching backwards from tail. + * Called only when needed by isOnSyncQueue. + * @return true if present + */ + private boolean findNodeFromTail(Node node) { + Node t = tail; + for (;;) { + if (t == node) + return true; + if (t == null) + return false; + t = t.prev; + } + } + + /** + * Transfers a node from a condition queue onto sync queue. + * Returns true if successful. + * @param node the node + * @return true if successfully transferred (else the node was + * cancelled before signal). + */ + final boolean transferForSignal(Node node) { + /* + * If cannot change waitStatus, the node has been cancelled. + */ + if (!compareAndSetWaitStatus(node, Node.CONDITION, 0)) + return false; + + /* + * Splice onto queue and try to set waitStatus of predecessor to + * indicate that thread is (probably) waiting. If cancelled or + * attempt to set waitStatus fails, wake up to resync (in which + * case the waitStatus can be transiently and harmlessly wrong). + */ + Node p = enq(node); + int c = p.waitStatus; + if (c > 0 || !compareAndSetWaitStatus(p, c, Node.SIGNAL)) + LockSupport.unpark(node.thread); + return true; + } + + /** + * Transfers node, if necessary, to sync queue after a cancelled + * wait. Returns true if thread was cancelled before being + * signalled. + * @param current the waiting thread + * @param node its node + * @return true if cancelled before the node was signalled. + */ + final boolean transferAfterCancelledWait(Node node) { + if (compareAndSetWaitStatus(node, Node.CONDITION, 0)) { + enq(node); + return true; + } + /* + * If we lost out to a signal(), then we can't proceed + * until it finishes its enq(). Cancelling during an + * incomplete transfer is both rare and transient, so just + * spin. + */ + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) + Thread.yield(); + return false; + } + + /** + * Invokes release with current state value; returns saved state. + * Cancels node and throws exception on failure. + * @param node the condition node for this wait + * @return previous sync state + */ + final int fullyRelease(Node node) { + try { + int savedState = getState(); + if (release(savedState)) + return savedState; + } catch (RuntimeException ex) { + node.waitStatus = Node.CANCELLED; + throw ex; + } + // reach here if release fails + node.waitStatus = Node.CANCELLED; + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + } + + // Instrumentation methods for conditions + + /** + * Queries whether the given ConditionObject + * uses this synchronizer as its lock. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return true if owned + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final boolean owns(ConditionObject condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + return condition.isOwnedBy(this); + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting on the given condition + * associated with this synchronizer. Note that because timeouts + * and interrupts may occur at any time, a true return + * does not guarantee that a future signal will awaken + * any threads. This method is designed primarily for use in + * monitoring of the system state. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return true if there are any waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization + * is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this synchronizer + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final boolean hasWaiters(ConditionObject condition) { + if (!owns(condition)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner"); + return condition.hasWaiters(); + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on the + * given condition associated with this synchronizer. Note that + * because timeouts and interrupts may occur at any time, the + * estimate serves only as an upper bound on the actual number of + * waiters. This method is designed for use in monitoring of the + * system state, not for synchronization control. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the estimated number of waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization + * is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this synchronizer + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final int getWaitQueueLength(ConditionObject condition) { + if (!owns(condition)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner"); + return condition.getWaitQueueLength(); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing those threads that may be + * waiting on the given condition associated with this + * synchronizer. Because the actual set of threads may change + * dynamically while constructing this result, the returned + * collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the + * returned collection are in no particular order. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the collection of threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if exclusive synchronization + * is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this synchronizer + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public final Collection getWaitingThreads(ConditionObject condition) { + if (!owns(condition)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Not owner"); + return condition.getWaitingThreads(); + } + + /** + * Condition implementation for a {@link + * AbstractQueuedSynchronizer} serving as the basis of a {@link + * Lock} implementation. + * + *

Method documentation for this class describes mechanics, + * not behavioral specifications from the point of view of Lock + * and Condition users. Exported versions of this class will in + * general need to be accompanied by documentation describing + * condition semantics that rely on those of the associated + * AbstractQueuedSynchronizer. + * + *

This class is Serializable, but all fields are transient, + * so deserialized conditions have no waiters. + */ + public class ConditionObject implements Condition, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 1173984872572414699L; + /** First node of condition queue. */ + private transient Node firstWaiter; + /** Last node of condition queue. */ + private transient Node lastWaiter; + + /** + * Creates a new ConditionObject instance. + */ + public ConditionObject() { } + + // Internal methods + + /** + * Adds a new waiter to wait queue. + * @return its new wait node + */ + private Node addConditionWaiter() { + Node node = new Node(Thread.currentThread(), Node.CONDITION); + Node t = lastWaiter; + if (t == null) + firstWaiter = node; + else + t.nextWaiter = node; + lastWaiter = node; + return node; + } + + /** + * Removes and transfers nodes until hit non-cancelled one or + * null. Split out from signal in part to encourage compilers + * to inline the case of no waiters. + * @param first (non-null) the first node on condition queue + */ + private void doSignal(Node first) { + do { + if ( (firstWaiter = first.nextWaiter) == null) + lastWaiter = null; + first.nextWaiter = null; + } while (!transferForSignal(first) && + (first = firstWaiter) != null); + } + + /** + * Removes and transfers all nodes. + * @param first (non-null) the first node on condition queue + */ + private void doSignalAll(Node first) { + lastWaiter = firstWaiter = null; + do { + Node next = first.nextWaiter; + first.nextWaiter = null; + transferForSignal(first); + first = next; + } while (first != null); + } + + /** + * Returns true if given node is on this condition queue. + * Call only when holding lock. + */ + private boolean isOnConditionQueue(Node node) { + return node.next != null || node == lastWaiter; + } + + /** + * Unlinks a cancelled waiter node from condition queue. This + * is called when cancellation occurred during condition wait, + * not lock wait, and is called only after lock has been + * re-acquired by a cancelled waiter and the node is not known + * to already have been dequeued. It is needed to avoid + * garbage retention in the absence of signals. So even though + * it may require a full traversal, it comes into play only + * when timeouts or cancellations occur in the absence of + * signals. + */ + private void unlinkCancelledWaiter(Node node) { + Node t = firstWaiter; + Node trail = null; + while (t != null) { + if (t == node) { + Node next = t.nextWaiter; + if (trail == null) + firstWaiter = next; + else + trail.nextWaiter = next; + if (lastWaiter == node) + lastWaiter = trail; + break; + } + trail = t; + t = t.nextWaiter; + } + } + + // public methods + + /** + * Moves the longest-waiting thread, if one exists, from the + * wait queue for this condition to the wait queue for the + * owning lock. + * + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + public final void signal() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + Node first = firstWaiter; + if (first != null) + doSignal(first); + } + + /** + * Moves all threads from the wait queue for this condition to + * the wait queue for the owning lock. + * + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + public final void signalAll() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + Node first = firstWaiter; + if (first != null) + doSignalAll(first); + } + + /** + * Implements uninterruptible condition wait. + *

    + *
  1. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  2. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  3. Block until signalled + *
  4. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
+ */ + public final void awaitUninterruptibly() { + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + int savedState = fullyRelease(node); + boolean interrupted = false; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + LockSupport.park(this); + if (Thread.interrupted()) + interrupted = true; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) || interrupted) + selfInterrupt(); + } + + /* + * For interruptible waits, we need to track whether to throw + * InterruptedException, if interrupted while blocked on + * condition, versus reinterrupt current thread, if + * interrupted while blocked waiting to re-acquire. + */ + + /** Mode meaning to reinterrupt on exit from wait */ + private static final int REINTERRUPT = 1; + /** Mode meaning to throw InterruptedException on exit from wait */ + private static final int THROW_IE = -1; + + /** + * Checks for interrupt, returning THROW_IE if interrupted + * before signalled, REINTERRUPT if after signalled, or + * 0 if not interrupted. + */ + private int checkInterruptWhileWaiting(Node node) { + return (Thread.interrupted()) ? + ((transferAfterCancelledWait(node))? THROW_IE : REINTERRUPT) : + 0; + } + + /** + * Throws InterruptedException, reinterrupts current thread, or + * does nothing, depending on mode. + */ + private void reportInterruptAfterWait(int interruptMode) + throws InterruptedException { + if (interruptMode == THROW_IE) + throw new InterruptedException(); + else if (interruptMode == REINTERRUPT) + selfInterrupt(); + } + + /** + * Implements interruptible condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled or interrupted + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw exception + *
+ */ + public final void await() throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + int savedState = fullyRelease(node); + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + LockSupport.park(this); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + } + + /** + * Implements timed condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException + *
+ */ + public final long awaitNanos(long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException { + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + int savedState = fullyRelease(node); + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + if (nanosTimeout <= 0L) { + transferAfterCancelledWait(node); + break; + } + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + return nanosTimeout - (System.nanoTime() - lastTime); + } + + /** + * Implements absolute timed condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException + *
  7. If timed out while blocked in step 4, return false, else true + *
+ */ + public final boolean awaitUntil(Date deadline) throws InterruptedException { + if (deadline == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + long abstime = deadline.getTime(); + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + int savedState = fullyRelease(node); + boolean timedout = false; + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + if (System.currentTimeMillis() > abstime) { + timedout = transferAfterCancelledWait(node); + break; + } + LockSupport.parkUntil(this, abstime); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + return !timedout; + } + + /** + * Implements timed condition wait. + *
    + *
  1. If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException + *
  2. Save lock state returned by {@link #getState} + *
  3. Invoke {@link #release} with + * saved state as argument, throwing + * IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails. + *
  4. Block until signalled, interrupted, or timed out + *
  5. Reacquire by invoking specialized version of + * {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument. + *
  6. If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException + *
  7. If timed out while blocked in step 4, return false, else true + *
+ */ + public final boolean await(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + if (unit == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + long nanosTimeout = unit.toNanos(time); + if (Thread.interrupted()) + throw new InterruptedException(); + Node node = addConditionWaiter(); + int savedState = fullyRelease(node); + long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); + boolean timedout = false; + int interruptMode = 0; + while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) { + if (nanosTimeout <= 0L) { + timedout = transferAfterCancelledWait(node); + break; + } + LockSupport.parkNanos(this, nanosTimeout); + if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0) + break; + long now = System.nanoTime(); + nanosTimeout -= now - lastTime; + lastTime = now; + } + if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE) + interruptMode = REINTERRUPT; + if (isOnConditionQueue(node)) + unlinkCancelledWaiter(node); + if (interruptMode != 0) + reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode); + return !timedout; + } + + // support for instrumentation + + /** + * Returns true if this condition was created by the given + * synchronization object. + * + * @return {@code true} if owned + */ + final boolean isOwnedBy(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer sync) { + return sync == AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.this; + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting on this condition. + * Implements {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer#hasWaiters}. + * + * @return {@code true} if there are any waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + protected final boolean hasWaiters() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + for (Node w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) { + if (w.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION) + return true; + } + return false; + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on + * this condition. + * Implements {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer#getWaitQueueLength}. + * + * @return the estimated number of waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + protected final int getWaitQueueLength() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + int n = 0; + for (Node w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) { + if (w.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION) + ++n; + } + return n; + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing those threads that may be + * waiting on this Condition. + * Implements {@link AbstractQueuedSynchronizer#getWaitingThreads}. + * + * @return the collection of threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if {@link #isHeldExclusively} + * returns {@code false} + */ + protected final Collection getWaitingThreads() { + if (!isHeldExclusively()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + ArrayList list = new ArrayList(); + for (Node w = firstWaiter; w != null; w = w.nextWaiter) { + if (w.waitStatus == Node.CONDITION) { + Thread t = w.thread; + if (t != null) + list.add(t); + } + } + return list; + } + } + + /** + * Setup to support compareAndSet. We need to natively implement + * this here: For the sake of permitting future enhancements, we + * cannot explicitly subclass AtomicInteger, which would be + * efficient and useful otherwise. So, as the lesser of evils, we + * natively implement using hotspot intrinsics API. And while we + * are at it, we do the same for other CASable fields (which could + * otherwise be done with atomic field updaters). + */ + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long stateOffset; + private static final long headOffset; + private static final long tailOffset; + private static final long waitStatusOffset; + + static { + try { + stateOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("state")); + headOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("head")); + tailOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.class.getDeclaredField("tail")); + waitStatusOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (Node.class.getDeclaredField("waitStatus")); + + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + + /** + * CAS head field. Used only by enq + */ + private final boolean compareAndSetHead(Node update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(this, headOffset, null, update); + } + + /** + * CAS tail field. Used only by enq + */ + private final boolean compareAndSetTail(Node expect, Node update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(this, tailOffset, expect, update); + } + + /** + * CAS waitStatus field of a node. + */ + private final static boolean compareAndSetWaitStatus(Node node, + int expect, + int update) { + return unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(node, waitStatusOffset, + expect, update); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Condition.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Condition.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5d24128e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Condition.java @@ -0,0 +1,435 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; +import java.util.concurrent.*; +import java.util.Date; + +/** + * {@code Condition} factors out the {@code Object} monitor + * methods ({@link Object#wait() wait}, {@link Object#notify notify} + * and {@link Object#notifyAll notifyAll}) into distinct objects to + * give the effect of having multiple wait-sets per object, by + * combining them with the use of arbitrary {@link Lock} implementations. + * Where a {@code Lock} replaces the use of {@code synchronized} methods + * and statements, a {@code Condition} replaces the use of the Object + * monitor methods. + * + *

Conditions (also known as condition queues or + * condition variables) provide a means for one thread to + * suspend execution (to "wait") until notified by another + * thread that some state condition may now be true. Because access + * to this shared state information occurs in different threads, it + * must be protected, so a lock of some form is associated with the + * condition. The key property that waiting for a condition provides + * is that it atomically releases the associated lock and + * suspends the current thread, just like {@code Object.wait}. + * + *

A {@code Condition} instance is intrinsically bound to a lock. + * To obtain a {@code Condition} instance for a particular {@link Lock} + * instance use its {@link Lock#newCondition newCondition()} method. + * + *

As an example, suppose we have a bounded buffer which supports + * {@code put} and {@code take} methods. If a + * {@code take} is attempted on an empty buffer, then the thread will block + * until an item becomes available; if a {@code put} is attempted on a + * full buffer, then the thread will block until a space becomes available. + * We would like to keep waiting {@code put} threads and {@code take} + * threads in separate wait-sets so that we can use the optimization of + * only notifying a single thread at a time when items or spaces become + * available in the buffer. This can be achieved using two + * {@link Condition} instances. + * 

+ * class BoundedBuffer {
+ *   final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+ *   final Condition notFull  = lock.newCondition(); 
+ *   final Condition notEmpty = lock.newCondition(); 
+ *
+ *   final Object[] items = new Object[100];
+ *   int putptr, takeptr, count;
+ *
+ *   public void put(Object x) throws InterruptedException {
+ *     lock.lock();
+ *     try {
+ *       while (count == items.length)
+ *         notFull.await();
+ *       items[putptr] = x;
+ *       if (++putptr == items.length) putptr = 0;
+ *       ++count;
+ *       notEmpty.signal();
+ *     } finally {
+ *       lock.unlock();
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public Object take() throws InterruptedException {
+ *     lock.lock();
+ *     try {
+ *       while (count == 0)
+ *         notEmpty.await();
+ *       Object x = items[takeptr];
+ *       if (++takeptr == items.length) takeptr = 0;
+ *       --count;
+ *       notFull.signal();
+ *       return x;
+ *     } finally {
+ *       lock.unlock();
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + * (The {@link java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue} class provides + * this functionality, so there is no reason to implement this + * sample usage class.) + * + *

A {@code Condition} implementation can provide behavior and semantics + * that is + * different from that of the {@code Object} monitor methods, such as + * guaranteed ordering for notifications, or not requiring a lock to be held + * when performing notifications. + * If an implementation provides such specialized semantics then the + * implementation must document those semantics. + * + *

Note that {@code Condition} instances are just normal objects and can + * themselves be used as the target in a {@code synchronized} statement, + * and can have their own monitor {@link Object#wait wait} and + * {@link Object#notify notification} methods invoked. + * Acquiring the monitor lock of a {@code Condition} instance, or using its + * monitor methods, has no specified relationship with acquiring the + * {@link Lock} associated with that {@code Condition} or the use of its + * {@linkplain #await waiting} and {@linkplain #signal signalling} methods. + * It is recommended that to avoid confusion you never use {@code Condition} + * instances in this way, except perhaps within their own implementation. + * + *

Except where noted, passing a {@code null} value for any parameter + * will result in a {@link NullPointerException} being thrown. + * + *

Implementation Considerations

+ * + *

When waiting upon a {@code Condition}, a "spurious + * wakeup" is permitted to occur, in + * general, as a concession to the underlying platform semantics. + * This has little practical impact on most application programs as a + * {@code Condition} should always be waited upon in a loop, testing + * the state predicate that is being waited for. An implementation is + * free to remove the possibility of spurious wakeups but it is + * recommended that applications programmers always assume that they can + * occur and so always wait in a loop. + * + *

The three forms of condition waiting + * (interruptible, non-interruptible, and timed) may differ in their ease of + * implementation on some platforms and in their performance characteristics. + * In particular, it may be difficult to provide these features and maintain + * specific semantics such as ordering guarantees. + * Further, the ability to interrupt the actual suspension of the thread may + * not always be feasible to implement on all platforms. + * + *

Consequently, an implementation is not required to define exactly the + * same guarantees or semantics for all three forms of waiting, nor is it + * required to support interruption of the actual suspension of the thread. + * + *

An implementation is required to + * clearly document the semantics and guarantees provided by each of the + * waiting methods, and when an implementation does support interruption of + * thread suspension then it must obey the interruption semantics as defined + * in this interface. + * + *

As interruption generally implies cancellation, and checks for + * interruption are often infrequent, an implementation can favor responding + * to an interrupt over normal method return. This is true even if it can be + * shown that the interrupt occurred after another action may have unblocked + * the thread. An implementation should document this behavior. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface Condition { + + /** + * Causes the current thread to wait until it is signalled or + * {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

The lock associated with this {@code Condition} is atomically + * released and the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of four things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signal} method for this + * {@code Condition} and the current thread happens to be chosen as the + * thread to be awakened; or + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signalAll} method for this + * {@code Condition}; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the + * current thread, and interruption of thread suspension is supported; or + *
  • A "spurious wakeup" occurs. + *
+ * + *

In all cases, before this method can return the current thread must + * re-acquire the lock associated with this condition. When the + * thread returns it is guaranteed to hold this lock. + * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * and interruption of thread suspension is supported, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. It is not specified, in the first + * case, whether or not the test for interruption occurs before the lock + * is released. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

The current thread is assumed to hold the lock associated with this + * {@code Condition} when this method is called. + * It is up to the implementation to determine if this is + * the case and if not, how to respond. Typically, an exception will be + * thrown (such as {@link IllegalMonitorStateException}) and the + * implementation must document that fact. + * + *

An implementation can favor responding to an interrupt over normal + * method return in response to a signal. In that case the implementation + * must ensure that the signal is redirected to another waiting thread, if + * there is one. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * (and interruption of thread suspension is supported) + */ + void await() throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Causes the current thread to wait until it is signalled. + * + *

The lock associated with this condition is atomically + * released and the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of three things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signal} method for this + * {@code Condition} and the current thread happens to be chosen as the + * thread to be awakened; or + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signalAll} method for this + * {@code Condition}; or + *
  • A "spurious wakeup" occurs. + *
+ * + *

In all cases, before this method can return the current thread must + * re-acquire the lock associated with this condition. When the + * thread returns it is guaranteed to hold this lock. + * + *

If the current thread's interrupted status is set when it enters + * this method, or it is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} + * while waiting, it will continue to wait until signalled. When it finally + * returns from this method its interrupted status will still + * be set. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

The current thread is assumed to hold the lock associated with this + * {@code Condition} when this method is called. + * It is up to the implementation to determine if this is + * the case and if not, how to respond. Typically, an exception will be + * thrown (such as {@link IllegalMonitorStateException}) and the + * implementation must document that fact. + */ + void awaitUninterruptibly(); + + /** + * Causes the current thread to wait until it is signalled or interrupted, + * or the specified waiting time elapses. + * + *

The lock associated with this condition is atomically + * released and the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of five things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signal} method for this + * {@code Condition} and the current thread happens to be chosen as the + * thread to be awakened; or + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signalAll} method for this + * {@code Condition}; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the + * current thread, and interruption of thread suspension is supported; or + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses; or + *
  • A "spurious wakeup" occurs. + *
+ * + *

In all cases, before this method can return the current thread must + * re-acquire the lock associated with this condition. When the + * thread returns it is guaranteed to hold this lock. + * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * and interruption of thread suspension is supported, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. It is not specified, in the first + * case, whether or not the test for interruption occurs before the lock + * is released. + * + *

The method returns an estimate of the number of nanoseconds + * remaining to wait given the supplied {@code nanosTimeout} + * value upon return, or a value less than or equal to zero if it + * timed out. This value can be used to determine whether and how + * long to re-wait in cases where the wait returns but an awaited + * condition still does not hold. Typical uses of this method take + * the following form: + * + * 

+     * synchronized boolean aMethod(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) {
+     *   long nanosTimeout = unit.toNanos(timeout);
+     *   while (!conditionBeingWaitedFor) {
+     *     if (nanosTimeout > 0)
+     *         nanosTimeout = theCondition.awaitNanos(nanosTimeout);
+     *      else
+     *        return false;
+     *   }
+     *   // ...
+     * }
+     *
+ * + *

Design note: This method requires a nanosecond argument so + * as to avoid truncation errors in reporting remaining times. + * Such precision loss would make it difficult for programmers to + * ensure that total waiting times are not systematically shorter + * than specified when re-waits occur. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

The current thread is assumed to hold the lock associated with this + * {@code Condition} when this method is called. + * It is up to the implementation to determine if this is + * the case and if not, how to respond. Typically, an exception will be + * thrown (such as {@link IllegalMonitorStateException}) and the + * implementation must document that fact. + * + *

An implementation can favor responding to an interrupt over normal + * method return in response to a signal, or over indicating the elapse + * of the specified waiting time. In either case the implementation + * must ensure that the signal is redirected to another waiting thread, if + * there is one. + * + * @param nanosTimeout the maximum time to wait, in nanoseconds + * @return an estimate of the {@code nanosTimeout} value minus + * the time spent waiting upon return from this method. + * A positive value may be used as the argument to a + * subsequent call to this method to finish waiting out + * the desired time. A value less than or equal to zero + * indicates that no time remains. + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * (and interruption of thread suspension is supported) + */ + long awaitNanos(long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Causes the current thread to wait until it is signalled or interrupted, + * or the specified waiting time elapses. This method is behaviorally + * equivalent to:
+ * 

+     *   awaitNanos(unit.toNanos(time)) > 0
+     *
+ * @param time the maximum time to wait + * @param unit the time unit of the {@code time} argument + * @return {@code false} if the waiting time detectably elapsed + * before return from the method, else {@code true} + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * (and interruption of thread suspension is supported) + */ + boolean await(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Causes the current thread to wait until it is signalled or interrupted, + * or the specified deadline elapses. + * + *

The lock associated with this condition is atomically + * released and the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of five things happens: + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signal} method for this + * {@code Condition} and the current thread happens to be chosen as the + * thread to be awakened; or + *
  • Some other thread invokes the {@link #signalAll} method for this + * {@code Condition}; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the + * current thread, and interruption of thread suspension is supported; or + *
  • The specified deadline elapses; or + *
  • A "spurious wakeup" occurs. + *
+ * + *

In all cases, before this method can return the current thread must + * re-acquire the lock associated with this condition. When the + * thread returns it is guaranteed to hold this lock. + * + * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while waiting + * and interruption of thread suspension is supported, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. It is not specified, in the first + * case, whether or not the test for interruption occurs before the lock + * is released. + * + * + *

The return value indicates whether the deadline has elapsed, + * which can be used as follows: + * 

+     * synchronized boolean aMethod(Date deadline) {
+     *   boolean stillWaiting = true;
+     *   while (!conditionBeingWaitedFor) {
+     *     if (stillWaiting)
+     *         stillWaiting = theCondition.awaitUntil(deadline);
+     *      else
+     *        return false;
+     *   }
+     *   // ...
+     * }
+     *
+ * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

The current thread is assumed to hold the lock associated with this + * {@code Condition} when this method is called. + * It is up to the implementation to determine if this is + * the case and if not, how to respond. Typically, an exception will be + * thrown (such as {@link IllegalMonitorStateException}) and the + * implementation must document that fact. + * + *

An implementation can favor responding to an interrupt over normal + * method return in response to a signal, or over indicating the passing + * of the specified deadline. In either case the implementation + * must ensure that the signal is redirected to another waiting thread, if + * there is one. + * + * @param deadline the absolute time to wait until + * @return {@code false} if the deadline has elapsed upon return, else + * {@code true} + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * (and interruption of thread suspension is supported) + */ + boolean awaitUntil(Date deadline) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Wakes up one waiting thread. + * + *

If any threads are waiting on this condition then one + * is selected for waking up. That thread must then re-acquire the + * lock before returning from {@code await}. + */ + void signal(); + + /** + * Wakes up all waiting threads. + * + *

If any threads are waiting on this condition then they are + * all woken up. Each thread must re-acquire the lock before it can + * return from {@code await}. + */ + void signalAll(); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Lock.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Lock.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4b9abd665 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/Lock.java @@ -0,0 +1,327 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; +import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; + +/** + * {@code Lock} implementations provide more extensive locking + * operations than can be obtained using {@code synchronized} methods + * and statements. They allow more flexible structuring, may have + * quite different properties, and may support multiple associated + * {@link Condition} objects. + * + *

A lock is a tool for controlling access to a shared resource by + * multiple threads. Commonly, a lock provides exclusive access to a + * shared resource: only one thread at a time can acquire the lock and + * all access to the shared resource requires that the lock be + * acquired first. However, some locks may allow concurrent access to + * a shared resource, such as the read lock of a {@link ReadWriteLock}. + * + *

The use of {@code synchronized} methods or statements provides + * access to the implicit monitor lock associated with every object, but + * forces all lock acquisition and release to occur in a block-structured way: + * when multiple locks are acquired they must be released in the opposite + * order, and all locks must be released in the same lexical scope in which + * they were acquired. + * + *

While the scoping mechanism for {@code synchronized} methods + * and statements makes it much easier to program with monitor locks, + * and helps avoid many common programming errors involving locks, + * there are occasions where you need to work with locks in a more + * flexible way. For example, some algorithms for traversing + * concurrently accessed data structures require the use of + * "hand-over-hand" or "chain locking": you + * acquire the lock of node A, then node B, then release A and acquire + * C, then release B and acquire D and so on. Implementations of the + * {@code Lock} interface enable the use of such techniques by + * allowing a lock to be acquired and released in different scopes, + * and allowing multiple locks to be acquired and released in any + * order. + * + *

With this increased flexibility comes additional + * responsibility. The absence of block-structured locking removes the + * automatic release of locks that occurs with {@code synchronized} + * methods and statements. In most cases, the following idiom + * should be used: + * + * 

     Lock l = ...;
+ *     l.lock();
+ *     try {
+ *         // access the resource protected by this lock
+ *     } finally {
+ *         l.unlock();
+ *     }
+ *
+ * + * When locking and unlocking occur in different scopes, care must be + * taken to ensure that all code that is executed while the lock is + * held is protected by try-finally or try-catch to ensure that the + * lock is released when necessary. + * + *

{@code Lock} implementations provide additional functionality + * over the use of {@code synchronized} methods and statements by + * providing a non-blocking attempt to acquire a lock ({@link + * #tryLock()}), an attempt to acquire the lock that can be + * interrupted ({@link #lockInterruptibly}, and an attempt to acquire + * the lock that can timeout ({@link #tryLock(long, TimeUnit)}). + * + *

A {@code Lock} class can also provide behavior and semantics + * that is quite different from that of the implicit monitor lock, + * such as guaranteed ordering, non-reentrant usage, or deadlock + * detection. If an implementation provides such specialized semantics + * then the implementation must document those semantics. + * + *

Note that {@code Lock} instances are just normal objects and can + * themselves be used as the target in a {@code synchronized} statement. + * Acquiring the + * monitor lock of a {@code Lock} instance has no specified relationship + * with invoking any of the {@link #lock} methods of that instance. + * It is recommended that to avoid confusion you never use {@code Lock} + * instances in this way, except within their own implementation. + * + *

Except where noted, passing a {@code null} value for any + * parameter will result in a {@link NullPointerException} being + * thrown. + * + *

Memory Synchronization

+ * + *

All {@code Lock} implementations must enforce the same + * memory synchronization semantics as provided by the built-in monitor + * lock, as described in + * The Java Language Specification, Third Edition (17.4 Memory Model): + *

    + *
  • A successful {@code lock} operation has the same memory + * synchronization effects as a successful Lock action. + *
  • A successful {@code unlock} operation has the same + * memory synchronization effects as a successful Unlock action. + *
+ * + * Unsuccessful locking and unlocking operations, and reentrant + * locking/unlocking operations, do not require any memory + * synchronization effects. + * + *

Implementation Considerations

+ * + *

The three forms of lock acquisition (interruptible, + * non-interruptible, and timed) may differ in their performance + * characteristics, ordering guarantees, or other implementation + * qualities. Further, the ability to interrupt the ongoing + * acquisition of a lock may not be available in a given {@code Lock} + * class. Consequently, an implementation is not required to define + * exactly the same guarantees or semantics for all three forms of + * lock acquisition, nor is it required to support interruption of an + * ongoing lock acquisition. An implementation is required to clearly + * document the semantics and guarantees provided by each of the + * locking methods. It must also obey the interruption semantics as + * defined in this interface, to the extent that interruption of lock + * acquisition is supported: which is either totally, or only on + * method entry. + * + *

As interruption generally implies cancellation, and checks for + * interruption are often infrequent, an implementation can favor responding + * to an interrupt over normal method return. This is true even if it can be + * shown that the interrupt occurred after another action may have unblocked + * the thread. An implementation should document this behavior. + * + * @see ReentrantLock + * @see Condition + * @see ReadWriteLock + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface Lock { + + /** + * Acquires the lock. + * + *

If the lock is not available then the current thread becomes + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until the + * lock has been acquired. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

A {@code Lock} implementation may be able to detect erroneous use + * of the lock, such as an invocation that would cause deadlock, and + * may throw an (unchecked) exception in such circumstances. The + * circumstances and the exception type must be documented by that + * {@code Lock} implementation. + */ + void lock(); + + /** + * Acquires the lock unless the current thread is + * {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the lock if it is available and returns immediately. + * + *

If the lock is not available then the current thread becomes + * disabled for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until + * one of two things happens: + * + *

    + *
  • The lock is acquired by the current thread; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the + * current thread, and interruption of lock acquisition is supported. + *
+ * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while acquiring the + * lock, and interruption of lock acquisition is supported, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

The ability to interrupt a lock acquisition in some + * implementations may not be possible, and if possible may be an + * expensive operation. The programmer should be aware that this + * may be the case. An implementation should document when this is + * the case. + * + *

An implementation can favor responding to an interrupt over + * normal method return. + * + *

A {@code Lock} implementation may be able to detect + * erroneous use of the lock, such as an invocation that would + * cause deadlock, and may throw an (unchecked) exception in such + * circumstances. The circumstances and the exception type must + * be documented by that {@code Lock} implementation. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is + * interrupted while acquiring the lock (and interruption + * of lock acquisition is supported). + */ + void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Acquires the lock only if it is free at the time of invocation. + * + *

Acquires the lock if it is available and returns immediately + * with the value {@code true}. + * If the lock is not available then this method will return + * immediately with the value {@code false}. + * + *

A typical usage idiom for this method would be: + * 

+     *      Lock lock = ...;
+     *      if (lock.tryLock()) {
+     *          try {
+     *              // manipulate protected state
+     *          } finally {
+     *              lock.unlock();
+     *          }
+     *      } else {
+     *          // perform alternative actions
+     *      }
+     *
+ * This usage ensures that the lock is unlocked if it was acquired, and + * doesn't try to unlock if the lock was not acquired. + * + * @return {@code true} if the lock was acquired and + * {@code false} otherwise + */ + boolean tryLock(); + + /** + * Acquires the lock if it is free within the given waiting time and the + * current thread has not been {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

If the lock is available this method returns immediately + * with the value {@code true}. + * If the lock is not available then + * the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of three things happens: + *

    + *
  • The lock is acquired by the current thread; or + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the + * current thread, and interruption of lock acquisition is supported; or + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses + *
+ * + *

If the lock is acquired then the value {@code true} is returned. + * + *

If the current thread: + *

    + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while acquiring + * the lock, and interruption of lock acquisition is supported, + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then the value {@code false} + * is returned. + * If the time is + * less than or equal to zero, the method will not wait at all. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

The ability to interrupt a lock acquisition in some implementations + * may not be possible, and if possible may + * be an expensive operation. + * The programmer should be aware that this may be the case. An + * implementation should document when this is the case. + * + *

An implementation can favor responding to an interrupt over normal + * method return, or reporting a timeout. + * + *

A {@code Lock} implementation may be able to detect + * erroneous use of the lock, such as an invocation that would cause + * deadlock, and may throw an (unchecked) exception in such circumstances. + * The circumstances and the exception type must be documented by that + * {@code Lock} implementation. + * + * @param time the maximum time to wait for the lock + * @param unit the time unit of the {@code time} argument + * @return {@code true} if the lock was acquired and {@code false} + * if the waiting time elapsed before the lock was acquired + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * while acquiring the lock (and interruption of lock + * acquisition is supported) + */ + boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException; + + /** + * Releases the lock. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

A {@code Lock} implementation will usually impose + * restrictions on which thread can release a lock (typically only the + * holder of the lock can release it) and may throw + * an (unchecked) exception if the restriction is violated. + * Any restrictions and the exception + * type must be documented by that {@code Lock} implementation. + */ + void unlock(); + + /** + * Returns a new {@link Condition} instance that is bound to this + * {@code Lock} instance. + * + *

Before waiting on the condition the lock must be held by the + * current thread. + * A call to {@link Condition#await()} will atomically release the lock + * before waiting and re-acquire the lock before the wait returns. + * + *

Implementation Considerations + * + *

The exact operation of the {@link Condition} instance depends on + * the {@code Lock} implementation and must be documented by that + * implementation. + * + * @return A new {@link Condition} instance for this {@code Lock} instance + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this {@code Lock} + * implementation does not support conditions + */ + Condition newCondition(); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/LockSupport.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/LockSupport.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..28728ae2b --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/LockSupport.java @@ -0,0 +1,352 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; +import java.util.concurrent.*; +import sun.misc.Unsafe; + + +/** + * Basic thread blocking primitives for creating locks and other + * synchronization classes. + * + *

This class associates, with each thread that uses it, a permit + * (in the sense of the {@link java.util.concurrent.Semaphore + * Semaphore} class). A call to {@code park} will return immediately + * if the permit is available, consuming it in the process; otherwise + * it may block. A call to {@code unpark} makes the permit + * available, if it was not already available. (Unlike with Semaphores + * though, permits do not accumulate. There is at most one.) + * + *

Methods {@code park} and {@code unpark} provide efficient + * means of blocking and unblocking threads that do not encounter the + * problems that cause the deprecated methods {@code Thread.suspend} + * and {@code Thread.resume} to be unusable for such purposes: Races + * between one thread invoking {@code park} and another thread trying + * to {@code unpark} it will preserve liveness, due to the + * permit. Additionally, {@code park} will return if the caller's + * thread was interrupted, and timeout versions are supported. The + * {@code park} method may also return at any other time, for "no + * reason", so in general must be invoked within a loop that rechecks + * conditions upon return. In this sense {@code park} serves as an + * optimization of a "busy wait" that does not waste as much time + * spinning, but must be paired with an {@code unpark} to be + * effective. + * + *

The three forms of {@code park} each also support a + * {@code blocker} object parameter. This object is recorded while + * the thread is blocked to permit monitoring and diagnostic tools to + * identify the reasons that threads are blocked. (Such tools may + * access blockers using method {@link #getBlocker}.) The use of these + * forms rather than the original forms without this parameter is + * strongly encouraged. The normal argument to supply as a + * {@code blocker} within a lock implementation is {@code this}. + * + *

These methods are designed to be used as tools for creating + * higher-level synchronization utilities, and are not in themselves + * useful for most concurrency control applications. The {@code park} + * method is designed for use only in constructions of the form: + * 

while (!canProceed()) { ... LockSupport.park(this); }
+ * where neither {@code canProceed} nor any other actions prior to the + * call to {@code park} entail locking or blocking. Because only one + * permit is associated with each thread, any intermediary uses of + * {@code park} could interfere with its intended effects. + * + *

Sample Usage. Here is a sketch of a first-in-first-out + * non-reentrant lock class: + * 

{@code
+ * class FIFOMutex {
+ *   private final AtomicBoolean locked = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+ *   private final Queue waiters
+ *     = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue();
+ *
+ *   public void lock() {
+ *     boolean wasInterrupted = false;
+ *     Thread current = Thread.currentThread();
+ *     waiters.add(current);
+ *
+ *     // Block while not first in queue or cannot acquire lock
+ *     while (waiters.peek() != current ||
+ *            !locked.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
+ *        LockSupport.park(this);
+ *        if (Thread.interrupted()) // ignore interrupts while waiting
+ *          wasInterrupted = true;
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     waiters.remove();
+ *     if (wasInterrupted)          // reassert interrupt status on exit
+ *        current.interrupt();
+ *   }
+ *
+ *   public void unlock() {
+ *     locked.set(false);
+ *     LockSupport.unpark(waiters.peek());
+ *   }
+ * }}
+ */ + +public class LockSupport { + private LockSupport() {} // Cannot be instantiated. + + // Hotspot implementation via intrinsics API + private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); + private static final long parkBlockerOffset; + + static { + try { + parkBlockerOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset + (java.lang.Thread.class.getDeclaredField("parkBlocker")); + } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Error(ex); } + } + + private static void setBlocker(Thread t, Object arg) { + // Even though volatile, hotspot doesn't need a write barrier here. + unsafe.putObject(t, parkBlockerOffset, arg); + } + + /** + * Makes available the permit for the given thread, if it + * was not already available. If the thread was blocked on + * {@code park} then it will unblock. Otherwise, its next call + * to {@code park} is guaranteed not to block. This operation + * is not guaranteed to have any effect at all if the given + * thread has not been started. + * + * @param thread the thread to unpark, or {@code null}, in which case + * this operation has no effect + */ + public static void unpark(Thread thread) { + if (thread != null) + unsafe.unpark(thread); + } + + /** + * Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes unless the + * permit is available. + * + *

If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call returns + * immediately; otherwise + * the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of three things happens: + * + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the + * current thread as the target; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + * + *
  • The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns. + *
+ * + *

This method does not report which of these caused the + * method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused + * the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine, + * for example, the interrupt status of the thread upon return. + * + * @param blocker the synchronization object responsible for this + * thread parking + * @since 1.6 + */ + public static void park(Object blocker) { + Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); + setBlocker(t, blocker); + unsafe.park(false, 0L); + setBlocker(t, null); + } + + /** + * Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, for up to + * the specified waiting time, unless the permit is available. + * + *

If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call + * returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled + * for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four + * things happens: + * + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the + * current thread as the target; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the current + * thread; or + * + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses; or + * + *
  • The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns. + *
+ * + *

This method does not report which of these caused the + * method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused + * the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine, + * for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the elapsed time + * upon return. + * + * @param blocker the synchronization object responsible for this + * thread parking + * @param nanos the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait + * @since 1.6 + */ + public static void parkNanos(Object blocker, long nanos) { + if (nanos > 0) { + Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); + setBlocker(t, blocker); + unsafe.park(false, nanos); + setBlocker(t, null); + } + } + + /** + * Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, until + * the specified deadline, unless the permit is available. + * + *

If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call + * returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled + * for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four + * things happens: + * + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the + * current thread as the target; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the + * current thread; or + * + *
  • The specified deadline passes; or + * + *
  • The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns. + *
+ * + *

This method does not report which of these caused the + * method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused + * the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine, + * for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the current time + * upon return. + * + * @param blocker the synchronization object responsible for this + * thread parking + * @param deadline the absolute time, in milliseconds from the Epoch, + * to wait until + * @since 1.6 + */ + public static void parkUntil(Object blocker, long deadline) { + Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); + setBlocker(t, blocker); + unsafe.park(true, deadline); + setBlocker(t, null); + } + + /** + * Returns the blocker object supplied to the most recent + * invocation of a park method that has not yet unblocked, or null + * if not blocked. The value returned is just a momentary + * snapshot -- the thread may have since unblocked or blocked on a + * different blocker object. + * + * @return the blocker + * @since 1.6 + */ + public static Object getBlocker(Thread t) { + return unsafe.getObjectVolatile(t, parkBlockerOffset); + } + + /** + * Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes unless the + * permit is available. + * + *

If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call + * returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled + * for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of three + * things happens: + * + *

    + * + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the + * current thread as the target; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + * + *
  • The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns. + *
+ * + *

This method does not report which of these caused the + * method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused + * the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine, + * for example, the interrupt status of the thread upon return. + */ + public static void park() { + unsafe.park(false, 0L); + } + + /** + * Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, for up to + * the specified waiting time, unless the permit is available. + * + *

If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call + * returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled + * for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four + * things happens: + * + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the + * current thread as the target; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + * + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses; or + * + *
  • The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns. + *
+ * + *

This method does not report which of these caused the + * method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused + * the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine, + * for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the elapsed time + * upon return. + * + * @param nanos the maximum number of nanoseconds to wait + */ + public static void parkNanos(long nanos) { + if (nanos > 0) + unsafe.park(false, nanos); + } + + /** + * Disables the current thread for thread scheduling purposes, until + * the specified deadline, unless the permit is available. + * + *

If the permit is available then it is consumed and the call + * returns immediately; otherwise the current thread becomes disabled + * for thread scheduling purposes and lies dormant until one of four + * things happens: + * + *

    + *
  • Some other thread invokes {@link #unpark unpark} with the + * current thread as the target; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + * + *
  • The specified deadline passes; or + * + *
  • The call spuriously (that is, for no reason) returns. + *
+ * + *

This method does not report which of these caused the + * method to return. Callers should re-check the conditions which caused + * the thread to park in the first place. Callers may also determine, + * for example, the interrupt status of the thread, or the current time + * upon return. + * + * @param deadline the absolute time, in milliseconds from the Epoch, + * to wait until + */ + public static void parkUntil(long deadline) { + unsafe.park(true, deadline); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReadWriteLock.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReadWriteLock.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..484f68d15 --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReadWriteLock.java @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; + +/** + * A ReadWriteLock maintains a pair of associated {@link + * Lock locks}, one for read-only operations and one for writing. + * The {@link #readLock read lock} may be held simultaneously by + * multiple reader threads, so long as there are no writers. The + * {@link #writeLock write lock} is exclusive. + * + *

All ReadWriteLock implementations must guarantee that + * the memory synchronization effects of writeLock operations + * (as specified in the {@link Lock} interface) also hold with respect + * to the associated readLock. That is, a thread successfully + * acquiring the read lock will see all updates made upon previous + * release of the write lock. + * + *

A read-write lock allows for a greater level of concurrency in + * accessing shared data than that permitted by a mutual exclusion lock. + * It exploits the fact that while only a single thread at a time (a + * writer thread) can modify the shared data, in many cases any + * number of threads can concurrently read the data (hence reader + * threads). + * In theory, the increase in concurrency permitted by the use of a read-write + * lock will lead to performance improvements over the use of a mutual + * exclusion lock. In practice this increase in concurrency will only be fully + * realized on a multi-processor, and then only if the access patterns for + * the shared data are suitable. + * + *

Whether or not a read-write lock will improve performance over the use + * of a mutual exclusion lock depends on the frequency that the data is + * read compared to being modified, the duration of the read and write + * operations, and the contention for the data - that is, the number of + * threads that will try to read or write the data at the same time. + * For example, a collection that is initially populated with data and + * thereafter infrequently modified, while being frequently searched + * (such as a directory of some kind) is an ideal candidate for the use of + * a read-write lock. However, if updates become frequent then the data + * spends most of its time being exclusively locked and there is little, if any + * increase in concurrency. Further, if the read operations are too short + * the overhead of the read-write lock implementation (which is inherently + * more complex than a mutual exclusion lock) can dominate the execution + * cost, particularly as many read-write lock implementations still serialize + * all threads through a small section of code. Ultimately, only profiling + * and measurement will establish whether the use of a read-write lock is + * suitable for your application. + * + * + *

Although the basic operation of a read-write lock is straight-forward, + * there are many policy decisions that an implementation must make, which + * may affect the effectiveness of the read-write lock in a given application. + * Examples of these policies include: + *

    + *
  • Determining whether to grant the read lock or the write lock, when + * both readers and writers are waiting, at the time that a writer releases + * the write lock. Writer preference is common, as writes are expected to be + * short and infrequent. Reader preference is less common as it can lead to + * lengthy delays for a write if the readers are frequent and long-lived as + * expected. Fair, or "in-order" implementations are also possible. + * + *
  • Determining whether readers that request the read lock while a + * reader is active and a writer is waiting, are granted the read lock. + * Preference to the reader can delay the writer indefinitely, while + * preference to the writer can reduce the potential for concurrency. + * + *
  • Determining whether the locks are reentrant: can a thread with the + * write lock reacquire it? Can it acquire a read lock while holding the + * write lock? Is the read lock itself reentrant? + * + *
  • Can the write lock be downgraded to a read lock without allowing + * an intervening writer? Can a read lock be upgraded to a write lock, + * in preference to other waiting readers or writers? + * + *
+ * You should consider all of these things when evaluating the suitability + * of a given implementation for your application. + * + * @see ReentrantReadWriteLock + * @see Lock + * @see ReentrantLock + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public interface ReadWriteLock { + /** + * Returns the lock used for reading. + * + * @return the lock used for reading. + */ + Lock readLock(); + + /** + * Returns the lock used for writing. + * + * @return the lock used for writing. + */ + Lock writeLock(); +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4a2fc175c --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantLock.java @@ -0,0 +1,740 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; +import java.util.*; +import java.util.concurrent.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; + +/** + * A reentrant mutual exclusion {@link Lock} with the same basic + * behavior and semantics as the implicit monitor lock accessed using + * {@code synchronized} methods and statements, but with extended + * capabilities. + * + *

A {@code ReentrantLock} is owned by the thread last + * successfully locking, but not yet unlocking it. A thread invoking + * {@code lock} will return, successfully acquiring the lock, when + * the lock is not owned by another thread. The method will return + * immediately if the current thread already owns the lock. This can + * be checked using methods {@link #isHeldByCurrentThread}, and {@link + * #getHoldCount}. + * + *

The constructor for this class accepts an optional + * fairness parameter. When set {@code true}, under + * contention, locks favor granting access to the longest-waiting + * thread. Otherwise this lock does not guarantee any particular + * access order. Programs using fair locks accessed by many threads + * may display lower overall throughput (i.e., are slower; often much + * slower) than those using the default setting, but have smaller + * variances in times to obtain locks and guarantee lack of + * starvation. Note however, that fairness of locks does not guarantee + * fairness of thread scheduling. Thus, one of many threads using a + * fair lock may obtain it multiple times in succession while other + * active threads are not progressing and not currently holding the + * lock. + * Also note that the untimed {@link #tryLock() tryLock} method does not + * honor the fairness setting. It will succeed if the lock + * is available even if other threads are waiting. + * + *

It is recommended practice to always immediately + * follow a call to {@code lock} with a {@code try} block, most + * typically in a before/after construction such as: + * + * 

+ * class X {
+ *   private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+ *   // ...
+ *
+ *   public void m() {
+ *     lock.lock();  // block until condition holds
+ *     try {
+ *       // ... method body
+ *     } finally {
+ *       lock.unlock()
+ *     }
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + *

In addition to implementing the {@link Lock} interface, this + * class defines methods {@code isLocked} and + * {@code getLockQueueLength}, as well as some associated + * {@code protected} access methods that may be useful for + * instrumentation and monitoring. + * + *

Serialization of this class behaves in the same way as built-in + * locks: a deserialized lock is in the unlocked state, regardless of + * its state when serialized. + * + *

This lock supports a maximum of 2147483647 recursive locks by + * the same thread. Attempts to exceed this limit result in + * {@link Error} throws from locking methods. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + */ +public class ReentrantLock implements Lock, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 7373984872572414699L; + /** Synchronizer providing all implementation mechanics */ + private final Sync sync; + + /** + * Base of synchronization control for this lock. Subclassed + * into fair and nonfair versions below. Uses AQS state to + * represent the number of holds on the lock. + */ + static abstract class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -5179523762034025860L; + + /** + * Performs {@link Lock#lock}. The main reason for subclassing + * is to allow fast path for nonfair version. + */ + abstract void lock(); + + /** + * Performs non-fair tryLock. tryAcquire is + * implemented in subclasses, but both need nonfair + * try for trylock method. + */ + final boolean nonfairTryAcquire(int acquires) { + final Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + int c = getState(); + if (c == 0) { + if (compareAndSetState(0, acquires)) { + setExclusiveOwnerThread(current); + return true; + } + } + else if (current == getExclusiveOwnerThread()) { + int nextc = c + acquires; + if (nextc < 0) // overflow + throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded"); + setState(nextc); + return true; + } + return false; + } + + protected final boolean tryRelease(int releases) { + int c = getState() - releases; + if (Thread.currentThread() != getExclusiveOwnerThread()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + boolean free = false; + if (c == 0) { + free = true; + setExclusiveOwnerThread(null); + } + setState(c); + return free; + } + + protected final boolean isHeldExclusively() { + // While we must in general read state before owner, + // we don't need to do so to check if current thread is owner + return getExclusiveOwnerThread() == Thread.currentThread(); + } + + final ConditionObject newCondition() { + return new ConditionObject(); + } + + // Methods relayed from outer class + + final Thread getOwner() { + return getState() == 0 ? null : getExclusiveOwnerThread(); + } + + final int getHoldCount() { + return isHeldExclusively() ? getState() : 0; + } + + final boolean isLocked() { + return getState() != 0; + } + + /** + * Reconstitutes this lock instance from a stream. + * @param s the stream + */ + private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + s.defaultReadObject(); + setState(0); // reset to unlocked state + } + } + + /** + * Sync object for non-fair locks + */ + final static class NonfairSync extends Sync { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 7316153563782823691L; + + /** + * Performs lock. Try immediate barge, backing up to normal + * acquire on failure. + */ + final void lock() { + if (compareAndSetState(0, 1)) + setExclusiveOwnerThread(Thread.currentThread()); + else + acquire(1); + } + + protected final boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) { + return nonfairTryAcquire(acquires); + } + } + + /** + * Sync object for fair locks + */ + final static class FairSync extends Sync { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -3000897897090466540L; + + final void lock() { + acquire(1); + } + + /** + * Fair version of tryAcquire. Don't grant access unless + * recursive call or no waiters or is first. + */ + protected final boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) { + final Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + int c = getState(); + if (c == 0) { + if (isFirst(current) && + compareAndSetState(0, acquires)) { + setExclusiveOwnerThread(current); + return true; + } + } + else if (current == getExclusiveOwnerThread()) { + int nextc = c + acquires; + if (nextc < 0) + throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded"); + setState(nextc); + return true; + } + return false; + } + } + + /** + * Creates an instance of {@code ReentrantLock}. + * This is equivalent to using {@code ReentrantLock(false)}. + */ + public ReentrantLock() { + sync = new NonfairSync(); + } + + /** + * Creates an instance of {@code ReentrantLock} with the + * given fairness policy. + * + * @param fair {@code true} if this lock should use a fair ordering policy + */ + public ReentrantLock(boolean fair) { + sync = (fair)? new FairSync() : new NonfairSync(); + } + + /** + * Acquires the lock. + * + *

Acquires the lock if it is not held by another thread and returns + * immediately, setting the lock hold count to one. + * + *

If the current thread already holds the lock then the hold + * count is incremented by one and the method returns immediately. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then the + * current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until the lock has been acquired, + * at which time the lock hold count is set to one. + */ + public void lock() { + sync.lock(); + } + + /** + * Acquires the lock unless the current thread is + * {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the lock if it is not held by another thread and returns + * immediately, setting the lock hold count to one. + * + *

If the current thread already holds this lock then the hold count + * is incremented by one and the method returns immediately. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then the + * current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of two things happens: + * + *

    + * + *
  • The lock is acquired by the current thread; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} the + * current thread. + * + *
+ * + *

If the lock is acquired by the current thread then the lock hold + * count is set to one. + * + *

If the current thread: + * + *

    + * + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + * + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while acquiring + * the lock, + * + *
+ * + * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

In this implementation, as this method is an explicit + * interruption point, preference is given to responding to the + * interrupt over normal or reentrant acquisition of the lock. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException { + sync.acquireInterruptibly(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires the lock only if it is not held by another thread at the time + * of invocation. + * + *

Acquires the lock if it is not held by another thread and + * returns immediately with the value {@code true}, setting the + * lock hold count to one. Even when this lock has been set to use a + * fair ordering policy, a call to {@code tryLock()} will + * immediately acquire the lock if it is available, whether or not + * other threads are currently waiting for the lock. + * This "barging" behavior can be useful in certain + * circumstances, even though it breaks fairness. If you want to honor + * the fairness setting for this lock, then use + * {@link #tryLock(long, TimeUnit) tryLock(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS) } + * which is almost equivalent (it also detects interruption). + * + *

If the current thread already holds this lock then the hold + * count is incremented by one and the method returns {@code true}. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then this method will return + * immediately with the value {@code false}. + * + * @return {@code true} if the lock was free and was acquired by the + * current thread, or the lock was already held by the current + * thread; and {@code false} otherwise + */ + public boolean tryLock() { + return sync.nonfairTryAcquire(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires the lock if it is not held by another thread within the given + * waiting time and the current thread has not been + * {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the lock if it is not held by another thread and returns + * immediately with the value {@code true}, setting the lock hold count + * to one. If this lock has been set to use a fair ordering policy then + * an available lock will not be acquired if any other threads + * are waiting for the lock. This is in contrast to the {@link #tryLock()} + * method. If you want a timed {@code tryLock} that does permit barging on + * a fair lock then combine the timed and un-timed forms together: + * + * 

if (lock.tryLock() || lock.tryLock(timeout, unit) ) { ... }
+     *
+ * + *

If the current thread + * already holds this lock then the hold count is incremented by one and + * the method returns {@code true}. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then the + * current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of three things happens: + * + *

    + * + *
  • The lock is acquired by the current thread; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + * + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses + * + *
+ * + *

If the lock is acquired then the value {@code true} is returned and + * the lock hold count is set to one. + * + *

If the current thread: + * + *

    + * + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + * + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while + * acquiring the lock, + * + *
+ * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current thread's + * interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then the value {@code false} + * is returned. If the time is less than or equal to zero, the method + * will not wait at all. + * + *

In this implementation, as this method is an explicit + * interruption point, preference is given to responding to the + * interrupt over normal or reentrant acquisition of the lock, and + * over reporting the elapse of the waiting time. + * + * @param timeout the time to wait for the lock + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * @return {@code true} if the lock was free and was acquired by the + * current thread, or the lock was already held by the current + * thread; and {@code false} if the waiting time elapsed before + * the lock could be acquired + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * @throws NullPointerException if the time unit is null + * + */ + public boolean tryLock(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + return sync.tryAcquireNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Attempts to release this lock. + * + *

If the current thread is the holder of this lock then the hold + * count is decremented. If the hold count is now zero then the lock + * is released. If the current thread is not the holder of this + * lock then {@link IllegalMonitorStateException} is thrown. + * + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread does not + * hold this lock + */ + public void unlock() { + sync.release(1); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Condition} instance for use with this + * {@link Lock} instance. + * + *

The returned {@link Condition} instance supports the same + * usages as do the {@link Object} monitor methods ({@link + * Object#wait() wait}, {@link Object#notify notify}, and {@link + * Object#notifyAll notifyAll}) when used with the built-in + * monitor lock. + * + *

    + * + *
  • If this lock is not held when any of the {@link Condition} + * {@linkplain Condition#await() waiting} or {@linkplain + * Condition#signal signalling} methods are called, then an {@link + * IllegalMonitorStateException} is thrown. + * + *
  • When the condition {@linkplain Condition#await() waiting} + * methods are called the lock is released and, before they + * return, the lock is reacquired and the lock hold count restored + * to what it was when the method was called. + * + *
  • If a thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} + * while waiting then the wait will terminate, an {@link + * InterruptedException} will be thrown, and the thread's + * interrupted status will be cleared. + * + *
  • Waiting threads are signalled in FIFO order. + * + *
  • The ordering of lock reacquisition for threads returning + * from waiting methods is the same as for threads initially + * acquiring the lock, which is in the default case not specified, + * but for fair locks favors those threads that have been + * waiting the longest. + * + *
+ * + * @return the Condition object + */ + public Condition newCondition() { + return sync.newCondition(); + } + + /** + * Queries the number of holds on this lock by the current thread. + * + *

A thread has a hold on a lock for each lock action that is not + * matched by an unlock action. + * + *

The hold count information is typically only used for testing and + * debugging purposes. For example, if a certain section of code should + * not be entered with the lock already held then we can assert that + * fact: + * + * 

+     * class X {
+     *   ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+     *   // ...
+     *   public void m() {
+     *     assert lock.getHoldCount() == 0;
+     *     lock.lock();
+     *     try {
+     *       // ... method body
+     *     } finally {
+     *       lock.unlock();
+     *     }
+     *   }
+     * }
+     *
+ * + * @return the number of holds on this lock by the current thread, + * or zero if this lock is not held by the current thread + */ + public int getHoldCount() { + return sync.getHoldCount(); + } + + /** + * Queries if this lock is held by the current thread. + * + *

Analogous to the {@link Thread#holdsLock} method for built-in + * monitor locks, this method is typically used for debugging and + * testing. For example, a method that should only be called while + * a lock is held can assert that this is the case: + * + * 

+     * class X {
+     *   ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+     *   // ...
+     *
+     *   public void m() {
+     *       assert lock.isHeldByCurrentThread();
+     *       // ... method body
+     *   }
+     * }
+     *
+ * + *

It can also be used to ensure that a reentrant lock is used + * in a non-reentrant manner, for example: + * + * 

+     * class X {
+     *   ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
+     *   // ...
+     *
+     *   public void m() {
+     *       assert !lock.isHeldByCurrentThread();
+     *       lock.lock();
+     *       try {
+     *           // ... method body
+     *       } finally {
+     *           lock.unlock();
+     *       }
+     *   }
+     * }
+     *
+ * + * @return {@code true} if current thread holds this lock and + * {@code false} otherwise + */ + public boolean isHeldByCurrentThread() { + return sync.isHeldExclusively(); + } + + /** + * Queries if this lock is held by any thread. This method is + * designed for use in monitoring of the system state, + * not for synchronization control. + * + * @return {@code true} if any thread holds this lock and + * {@code false} otherwise + */ + public boolean isLocked() { + return sync.isLocked(); + } + + /** + * Returns {@code true} if this lock has fairness set true. + * + * @return {@code true} if this lock has fairness set true + */ + public final boolean isFair() { + return sync instanceof FairSync; + } + + /** + * Returns the thread that currently owns this lock, or + * {@code null} if not owned. When this method is called by a + * thread that is not the owner, the return value reflects a + * best-effort approximation of current lock status. For example, + * the owner may be momentarily {@code null} even if there are + * threads trying to acquire the lock but have not yet done so. + * This method is designed to facilitate construction of + * subclasses that provide more extensive lock monitoring + * facilities. + * + * @return the owner, or {@code null} if not owned + */ + protected Thread getOwner() { + return sync.getOwner(); + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting to acquire this lock. Note that + * because cancellations may occur at any time, a {@code true} + * return does not guarantee that any other thread will ever + * acquire this lock. This method is designed primarily for use in + * monitoring of the system state. + * + * @return {@code true} if there may be other threads waiting to + * acquire the lock + */ + public final boolean hasQueuedThreads() { + return sync.hasQueuedThreads(); + } + + + /** + * Queries whether the given thread is waiting to acquire this + * lock. Note that because cancellations may occur at any time, a + * {@code true} return does not guarantee that this thread + * will ever acquire this lock. This method is designed primarily for use + * in monitoring of the system state. + * + * @param thread the thread + * @return {@code true} if the given thread is queued waiting for this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the thread is null + */ + public final boolean hasQueuedThread(Thread thread) { + return sync.isQueued(thread); + } + + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting to + * acquire this lock. The value is only an estimate because the number of + * threads may change dynamically while this method traverses + * internal data structures. This method is designed for use in + * monitoring of the system state, not for synchronization + * control. + * + * @return the estimated number of threads waiting for this lock + */ + public final int getQueueLength() { + return sync.getQueueLength(); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire this lock. Because the actual set of threads may change + * dynamically while constructing this result, the returned + * collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the + * returned collection are in no particular order. This method is + * designed to facilitate construction of subclasses that provide + * more extensive monitoring facilities. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + protected Collection getQueuedThreads() { + return sync.getQueuedThreads(); + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting on the given condition + * associated with this lock. Note that because timeouts and + * interrupts may occur at any time, a {@code true} return does + * not guarantee that a future {@code signal} will awaken any + * threads. This method is designed primarily for use in + * monitoring of the system state. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return {@code true} if there are any waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if this lock is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public boolean hasWaiters(Condition condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (!(condition instanceof AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("not owner"); + return sync.hasWaiters((AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)condition); + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on the + * given condition associated with this lock. Note that because + * timeouts and interrupts may occur at any time, the estimate + * serves only as an upper bound on the actual number of waiters. + * This method is designed for use in monitoring of the system + * state, not for synchronization control. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the estimated number of waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if this lock is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public int getWaitQueueLength(Condition condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (!(condition instanceof AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("not owner"); + return sync.getWaitQueueLength((AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)condition); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing those threads that may be + * waiting on the given condition associated with this lock. + * Because the actual set of threads may change dynamically while + * constructing this result, the returned collection is only a + * best-effort estimate. The elements of the returned collection + * are in no particular order. This method is designed to + * facilitate construction of subclasses that provide more + * extensive condition monitoring facilities. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the collection of threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if this lock is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + protected Collection getWaitingThreads(Condition condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (!(condition instanceof AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("not owner"); + return sync.getWaitingThreads((AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)condition); + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock state. + * The state, in brackets, includes either the String {@code "Unlocked"} + * or the String {@code "Locked by"} followed by the + * {@linkplain Thread#getName name} of the owning thread. + * + * @return a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock state + */ + public String toString() { + Thread o = sync.getOwner(); + return super.toString() + ((o == null) ? + "[Unlocked]" : + "[Locked by thread " + o.getName() + "]"); + } +} diff --git a/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock.java b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a6eadff5b --- /dev/null +++ b/libjava/classpath/external/jsr166/java/util/concurrent/locks/ReentrantReadWriteLock.java @@ -0,0 +1,1346 @@ +/* + * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166 + * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at + * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain + */ + +package java.util.concurrent.locks; +import java.util.concurrent.*; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*; +import java.util.*; + +/** + * An implementation of {@link ReadWriteLock} supporting similar + * semantics to {@link ReentrantLock}. + *

This class has the following properties: + * + *

    + *
  • Acquisition order + * + *

    This class does not impose a reader or writer preference + * ordering for lock access. However, it does support an optional + * fairness policy. + * + *

    + *
    Non-fair mode (default) + *
    When constructed as non-fair (the default), the order of entry + * to the read and write lock is unspecified, subject to reentrancy + * constraints. A nonfair lock that is continously contended may + * indefinitely postpone one or more reader or writer threads, but + * will normally have higher throughput than a fair lock. + *

    + * + *

    Fair mode + *
    When constructed as fair, threads contend for entry using an + * approximately arrival-order policy. When the currently held lock + * is released either the longest-waiting single writer thread will + * be assigned the write lock, or if there is a group of reader threads + * waiting longer than all waiting writer threads, that group will be + * assigned the read lock. + * + *

    A thread that tries to acquire a fair read lock (non-reentrantly) + * will block if either the write lock is held, or there is a waiting + * writer thread. The thread will not acquire the read lock until + * after the oldest currently waiting writer thread has acquired and + * released the write lock. Of course, if a waiting writer abandons + * its wait, leaving one or more reader threads as the longest waiters + * in the queue with the write lock free, then those readers will be + * assigned the read lock. + * + *

    A thread that tries to acquire a fair write lock (non-reentrantly) + * will block unless both the read lock and write lock are free (which + * implies there are no waiting threads). (Note that the non-blocking + * {@link ReadLock#tryLock()} and {@link WriteLock#tryLock()} methods + * do not honor this fair setting and will acquire the lock if it is + * possible, regardless of waiting threads.) + *

    + *

    + * + *
  • Reentrancy + * + *

    This lock allows both readers and writers to reacquire read or + * write locks in the style of a {@link ReentrantLock}. Non-reentrant + * readers are not allowed until all write locks held by the writing + * thread have been released. + * + *

    Additionally, a writer can acquire the read lock, but not + * vice-versa. Among other applications, reentrancy can be useful + * when write locks are held during calls or callbacks to methods that + * perform reads under read locks. If a reader tries to acquire the + * write lock it will never succeed. + * + *

  • Lock downgrading + *

    Reentrancy also allows downgrading from the write lock to a read lock, + * by acquiring the write lock, then the read lock and then releasing the + * write lock. However, upgrading from a read lock to the write lock is + * not possible. + * + *

  • Interruption of lock acquisition + *

    The read lock and write lock both support interruption during lock + * acquisition. + * + *

  • {@link Condition} support + *

    The write lock provides a {@link Condition} implementation that + * behaves in the same way, with respect to the write lock, as the + * {@link Condition} implementation provided by + * {@link ReentrantLock#newCondition} does for {@link ReentrantLock}. + * This {@link Condition} can, of course, only be used with the write lock. + * + *

    The read lock does not support a {@link Condition} and + * {@code readLock().newCondition()} throws + * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. + * + *

  • Instrumentation + *

    This class supports methods to determine whether locks + * are held or contended. These methods are designed for monitoring + * system state, not for synchronization control. + *

+ * + *

Serialization of this class behaves in the same way as built-in + * locks: a deserialized lock is in the unlocked state, regardless of + * its state when serialized. + * + *

Sample usages. Here is a code sketch showing how to exploit + * reentrancy to perform lock downgrading after updating a cache (exception + * handling is elided for simplicity): + * 

+ * class CachedData {
+ *   Object data;
+ *   volatile boolean cacheValid;
+ *   ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+ *
+ *   void processCachedData() {
+ *     rwl.readLock().lock();
+ *     if (!cacheValid) {
+ *        // Must release read lock before acquiring write lock
+ *        rwl.readLock().unlock();
+ *        rwl.writeLock().lock();
+ *        // Recheck state because another thread might have acquired
+ *        //   write lock and changed state before we did.
+ *        if (!cacheValid) {
+ *          data = ...
+ *          cacheValid = true;
+ *        }
+ *        // Downgrade by acquiring read lock before releasing write lock
+ *        rwl.readLock().lock();
+ *        rwl.writeLock().unlock(); // Unlock write, still hold read
+ *     }
+ *
+ *     use(data);
+ *     rwl.readLock().unlock();
+ *   }
+ * }
+ *
+ * + * ReentrantReadWriteLocks can be used to improve concurrency in some + * uses of some kinds of Collections. This is typically worthwhile + * only when the collections are expected to be large, accessed by + * more reader threads than writer threads, and entail operations with + * overhead that outweighs synchronization overhead. For example, here + * is a class using a TreeMap that is expected to be large and + * concurrently accessed. + * + * 
{@code
+ * class RWDictionary {
+ *    private final Map m = new TreeMap();
+ *    private final ReentrantReadWriteLock rwl = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
+ *    private final Lock r = rwl.readLock();
+ *    private final Lock w = rwl.writeLock();
+ *
+ *    public Data get(String key) {
+ *        r.lock();
+ *        try { return m.get(key); }
+ *        finally { r.unlock(); }
+ *    }
+ *    public String[] allKeys() {
+ *        r.lock();
+ *        try { return m.keySet().toArray(); }
+ *        finally { r.unlock(); }
+ *    }
+ *    public Data put(String key, Data value) {
+ *        w.lock();
+ *        try { return m.put(key, value); }
+ *        finally { w.unlock(); }
+ *    }
+ *    public void clear() {
+ *        w.lock();
+ *        try { m.clear(); }
+ *        finally { w.unlock(); }
+ *    }
+ * }}
+ * + *

Implementation Notes

+ * + *

This lock supports a maximum of 65535 recursive write locks + * and 65535 read locks. Attempts to exceed these limits result in + * {@link Error} throws from locking methods. + * + * @since 1.5 + * @author Doug Lea + * + */ +public class ReentrantReadWriteLock implements ReadWriteLock, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -6992448646407690164L; + /** Inner class providing readlock */ + private final ReentrantReadWriteLock.ReadLock readerLock; + /** Inner class providing writelock */ + private final ReentrantReadWriteLock.WriteLock writerLock; + /** Performs all synchronization mechanics */ + private final Sync sync; + + /** + * Creates a new {@code ReentrantReadWriteLock} with + * default (nonfair) ordering properties. + */ + public ReentrantReadWriteLock() { + this(false); + } + + /** + * Creates a new {@code ReentrantReadWriteLock} with + * the given fairness policy. + * + * @param fair {@code true} if this lock should use a fair ordering policy + */ + public ReentrantReadWriteLock(boolean fair) { + sync = (fair)? new FairSync() : new NonfairSync(); + readerLock = new ReadLock(this); + writerLock = new WriteLock(this); + } + + public ReentrantReadWriteLock.WriteLock writeLock() { return writerLock; } + public ReentrantReadWriteLock.ReadLock readLock() { return readerLock; } + + /** + * Synchronization implementation for ReentrantReadWriteLock. + * Subclassed into fair and nonfair versions. + */ + static abstract class Sync extends AbstractQueuedSynchronizer { + private static final long serialVersionUID = 6317671515068378041L; + + /* + * Read vs write count extraction constants and functions. + * Lock state is logically divided into two shorts: The lower + * one representing the exclusive (writer) lock hold count, + * and the upper the shared (reader) hold count. + */ + + static final int SHARED_SHIFT = 16; + static final int SHARED_UNIT = (1 << SHARED_SHIFT); + static final int MAX_COUNT = (1 << SHARED_SHIFT) - 1; + static final int EXCLUSIVE_MASK = (1 << SHARED_SHIFT) - 1; + + /** Returns the number of shared holds represented in count */ + static int sharedCount(int c) { return c >>> SHARED_SHIFT; } + /** Returns the number of exclusive holds represented in count */ + static int exclusiveCount(int c) { return c & EXCLUSIVE_MASK; } + + /** + * A counter for per-thread read hold counts. + * Maintained as a ThreadLocal; cached in cachedHoldCounter + */ + static final class HoldCounter { + int count; + // Use id, not reference, to avoid garbage retention + final long tid = Thread.currentThread().getId(); + /** Decrement if positive; return previous value */ + int tryDecrement() { + int c = count; + if (c > 0) + count = c - 1; + return c; + } + } + + /** + * ThreadLocal subclass. Easiest to explicitly define for sake + * of deserialization mechanics. + */ + static final class ThreadLocalHoldCounter + extends ThreadLocal { + public HoldCounter initialValue() { + return new HoldCounter(); + } + } + + /** + * The number of read locks held by current thread. + * Initialized only in constructor and readObject. + */ + transient ThreadLocalHoldCounter readHolds; + + /** + * The hold count of the last thread to successfully acquire + * readLock. This saves ThreadLocal lookup in the common case + * where the next thread to release is the last one to + * acquire. This is non-volatile since it is just used + * as a heuristic, and would be great for threads to cache. + */ + transient HoldCounter cachedHoldCounter; + + Sync() { + readHolds = new ThreadLocalHoldCounter(); + setState(getState()); // ensures visibility of readHolds + } + + /* + * Acquires and releases use the same code for fair and + * nonfair locks, but differ in whether/how they allow barging + * when queues are non-empty. + */ + + /** + * Return true if a reader thread that is otherwise + * eligible for lock should block because of policy + * for overtaking other waiting threads. + */ + abstract boolean readerShouldBlock(Thread current); + + /** + * Return true if a writer thread that is otherwise + * eligible for lock should block because of policy + * for overtaking other waiting threads. + */ + abstract boolean writerShouldBlock(Thread current); + + /* + * Note that tryRelease and tryAcquire can be called by + * Conditions. So it is possible that their arguments contain + * both read and write holds that are all released during a + * condition wait and re-established in tryAcquire. + */ + + protected final boolean tryRelease(int releases) { + int nextc = getState() - releases; + if (Thread.currentThread() != getExclusiveOwnerThread()) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + if (exclusiveCount(nextc) == 0) { + setExclusiveOwnerThread(null); + setState(nextc); + return true; + } else { + setState(nextc); + return false; + } + } + + protected final boolean tryAcquire(int acquires) { + /* + * Walkthrough: + * 1. if read count nonzero or write count nonzero + * and owner is a different thread, fail. + * 2. If count would saturate, fail. (This can only + * happen if count is already nonzero.) + * 3. Otherwise, this thread is eligible for lock if + * it is either a reentrant acquire or + * queue policy allows it. If so, update state + * and set owner. + */ + Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + int c = getState(); + int w = exclusiveCount(c); + if (c != 0) { + // (Note: if c != 0 and w == 0 then shared count != 0) + if (w == 0 || current != getExclusiveOwnerThread()) + return false; + if (w + exclusiveCount(acquires) > MAX_COUNT) + throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded"); + } + if ((w == 0 && writerShouldBlock(current)) || + !compareAndSetState(c, c + acquires)) + return false; + setExclusiveOwnerThread(current); + return true; + } + + protected final boolean tryReleaseShared(int unused) { + HoldCounter rh = cachedHoldCounter; + Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + if (rh == null || rh.tid != current.getId()) + rh = readHolds.get(); + if (rh.tryDecrement() <= 0) + throw new IllegalMonitorStateException(); + for (;;) { + int c = getState(); + int nextc = c - SHARED_UNIT; + if (compareAndSetState(c, nextc)) + return nextc == 0; + } + } + + protected final int tryAcquireShared(int unused) { + /* + * Walkthrough: + * 1. If write lock held by another thread, fail + * 2. If count saturated, throw error + * 3. Otherwise, this thread is eligible for + * lock wrt state, so ask if it should block + * because of queue policy. If not, try + * to grant by CASing state and updating count. + * Note that step does not check for reentrant + * acquires, which is postponed to full version + * to avoid having to check hold count in + * the more typical non-reentrant case. + * 4. If step 3 fails either because thread + * apparently not eligible or CAS fails, + * chain to version with full retry loop. + */ + Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + int c = getState(); + if (exclusiveCount(c) != 0 && + getExclusiveOwnerThread() != current) + return -1; + if (sharedCount(c) == MAX_COUNT) + throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded"); + if (!readerShouldBlock(current) && + compareAndSetState(c, c + SHARED_UNIT)) { + HoldCounter rh = cachedHoldCounter; + if (rh == null || rh.tid != current.getId()) + cachedHoldCounter = rh = readHolds.get(); + rh.count++; + return 1; + } + return fullTryAcquireShared(current); + } + + /** + * Full version of acquire for reads, that handles CAS misses + * and reentrant reads not dealt with in tryAcquireShared. + */ + final int fullTryAcquireShared(Thread current) { + /* + * This code is in part redundant with that in + * tryAcquireShared but is simpler overall by not + * complicating tryAcquireShared with interactions between + * retries and lazily reading hold counts. + */ + HoldCounter rh = cachedHoldCounter; + if (rh == null || rh.tid != current.getId()) + rh = readHolds.get(); + for (;;) { + int c = getState(); + int w = exclusiveCount(c); + if ((w != 0 && getExclusiveOwnerThread() != current) || + ((rh.count | w) == 0 && readerShouldBlock(current))) + return -1; + if (sharedCount(c) == MAX_COUNT) + throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded"); + if (compareAndSetState(c, c + SHARED_UNIT)) { + cachedHoldCounter = rh; // cache for release + rh.count++; + return 1; + } + } + } + + /** + * Performs tryLock for write, enabling barging in both modes. + * This is identical in effect to tryAcquire except for lack + * of calls to writerShouldBlock + */ + final boolean tryWriteLock() { + Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + int c = getState(); + if (c != 0) { + int w = exclusiveCount(c); + if (w == 0 ||current != getExclusiveOwnerThread()) + return false; + if (w == MAX_COUNT) + throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded"); + } + if (!compareAndSetState(c, c + 1)) + return false; + setExclusiveOwnerThread(current); + return true; + } + + /** + * Performs tryLock for read, enabling barging in both modes. + * This is identical in effect to tryAcquireShared except for + * lack of calls to readerShouldBlock + */ + final boolean tryReadLock() { + Thread current = Thread.currentThread(); + for (;;) { + int c = getState(); + if (exclusiveCount(c) != 0 && + getExclusiveOwnerThread() != current) + return false; + if (sharedCount(c) == MAX_COUNT) + throw new Error("Maximum lock count exceeded"); + if (compareAndSetState(c, c + SHARED_UNIT)) { + HoldCounter rh = cachedHoldCounter; + if (rh == null || rh.tid != current.getId()) + cachedHoldCounter = rh = readHolds.get(); + rh.count++; + return true; + } + } + } + + protected final boolean isHeldExclusively() { + // While we must in general read state before owner, + // we don't need to do so to check if current thread is owner + return getExclusiveOwnerThread() == Thread.currentThread(); + } + + // Methods relayed to outer class + + final ConditionObject newCondition() { + return new ConditionObject(); + } + + final Thread getOwner() { + // Must read state before owner to ensure memory consistency + return ((exclusiveCount(getState()) == 0)? + null : + getExclusiveOwnerThread()); + } + + final int getReadLockCount() { + return sharedCount(getState()); + } + + final boolean isWriteLocked() { + return exclusiveCount(getState()) != 0; + } + + final int getWriteHoldCount() { + return isHeldExclusively() ? exclusiveCount(getState()) : 0; + } + + final int getReadHoldCount() { + return getReadLockCount() == 0? 0 : readHolds.get().count; + } + + /** + * Reconstitute this lock instance from a stream + * @param s the stream + */ + private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s) + throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException { + s.defaultReadObject(); + readHolds = new ThreadLocalHoldCounter(); + setState(0); // reset to unlocked state + } + + final int getCount() { return getState(); } + } + + /** + * Nonfair version of Sync + */ + final static class NonfairSync extends Sync { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -8159625535654395037L; + final boolean writerShouldBlock(Thread current) { + return false; // writers can always barge + } + final boolean readerShouldBlock(Thread current) { + /* As a heuristic to avoid indefinite writer starvation, + * block if the thread that momentarily appears to be head + * of queue, if one exists, is a waiting writer. This is + * only a probablistic effect since a new reader will not + * block if there is a waiting writer behind other enabled + * readers that have not yet drained from the queue. + */ + return apparentlyFirstQueuedIsExclusive(); + } + } + + /** + * Fair version of Sync + */ + final static class FairSync extends Sync { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -2274990926593161451L; + final boolean writerShouldBlock(Thread current) { + // only proceed if queue is empty or current thread at head + return !isFirst(current); + } + final boolean readerShouldBlock(Thread current) { + // only proceed if queue is empty or current thread at head + return !isFirst(current); + } + } + + /** + * The lock returned by method {@link ReentrantReadWriteLock#readLock}. + */ + public static class ReadLock implements Lock, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -5992448646407690164L; + private final Sync sync; + + /** + * Constructor for use by subclasses + * + * @param lock the outer lock object + * @throws NullPointerException if the lock is null + */ + protected ReadLock(ReentrantReadWriteLock lock) { + sync = lock.sync; + } + + /** + * Acquires the read lock. + * + *

Acquires the read lock if the write lock is not held by + * another thread and returns immediately. + * + *

If the write lock is held by another thread then + * the current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until the read lock has been acquired. + */ + public void lock() { + sync.acquireShared(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires the read lock unless the current thread is + * {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the read lock if the write lock is not held + * by another thread and returns immediately. + * + *

If the write lock is held by another thread then the + * current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of two things happens: + * + *

    + * + *
  • The read lock is acquired by the current thread; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread. + * + *
+ * + *

If the current thread: + * + *

    + * + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + * + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while + * acquiring the read lock, + * + *
+ * + * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current + * thread's interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

In this implementation, as this method is an explicit + * interruption point, preference is given to responding to + * the interrupt over normal or reentrant acquisition of the + * lock. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException { + sync.acquireSharedInterruptibly(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires the read lock only if the write lock is not held by + * another thread at the time of invocation. + * + *

Acquires the read lock if the write lock is not held by + * another thread and returns immediately with the value + * {@code true}. Even when this lock has been set to use a + * fair ordering policy, a call to {@code tryLock()} + * will immediately acquire the read lock if it is + * available, whether or not other threads are currently + * waiting for the read lock. This "barging" behavior + * can be useful in certain circumstances, even though it + * breaks fairness. If you want to honor the fairness setting + * for this lock, then use {@link #tryLock(long, TimeUnit) + * tryLock(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS) } which is almost equivalent + * (it also detects interruption). + * + *

If the write lock is held by another thread then + * this method will return immediately with the value + * {@code false}. + * + * @return {@code true} if the read lock was acquired + */ + public boolean tryLock() { + return sync.tryReadLock(); + } + + /** + * Acquires the read lock if the write lock is not held by + * another thread within the given waiting time and the + * current thread has not been {@linkplain Thread#interrupt + * interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the read lock if the write lock is not held by + * another thread and returns immediately with the value + * {@code true}. If this lock has been set to use a fair + * ordering policy then an available lock will not be + * acquired if any other threads are waiting for the + * lock. This is in contrast to the {@link #tryLock()} + * method. If you want a timed {@code tryLock} that does + * permit barging on a fair lock then combine the timed and + * un-timed forms together: + * + * 

if (lock.tryLock() || lock.tryLock(timeout, unit) ) { ... }
+         *
+ * + *

If the write lock is held by another thread then the + * current thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling + * purposes and lies dormant until one of three things happens: + * + *

    + * + *
  • The read lock is acquired by the current thread; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + * + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses. + * + *
+ * + *

If the read lock is acquired then the value {@code true} is + * returned. + * + *

If the current thread: + * + *

    + * + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; or + * + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while + * acquiring the read lock, + * + *
then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the + * current thread's interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then the value + * {@code false} is returned. If the time is less than or + * equal to zero, the method will not wait at all. + * + *

In this implementation, as this method is an explicit + * interruption point, preference is given to responding to + * the interrupt over normal or reentrant acquisition of the + * lock, and over reporting the elapse of the waiting time. + * + * @param timeout the time to wait for the read lock + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * @return {@code true} if the read lock was acquired + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * @throws NullPointerException if the time unit is null + * + */ + public boolean tryLock(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + return sync.tryAcquireSharedNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Attempts to release this lock. + * + *

If the number of readers is now zero then the lock + * is made available for write lock attempts. + */ + public void unlock() { + sync.releaseShared(1); + } + + /** + * Throws {@code UnsupportedOperationException} because + * {@code ReadLocks} do not support conditions. + * + * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always + */ + public Condition newCondition() { + throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock state. + * The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "Read locks ="} + * followed by the number of held read locks. + * + * @return a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock state + */ + public String toString() { + int r = sync.getReadLockCount(); + return super.toString() + + "[Read locks = " + r + "]"; + } + } + + /** + * The lock returned by method {@link ReentrantReadWriteLock#writeLock}. + */ + public static class WriteLock implements Lock, java.io.Serializable { + private static final long serialVersionUID = -4992448646407690164L; + private final Sync sync; + + /** + * Constructor for use by subclasses + * + * @param lock the outer lock object + * @throws NullPointerException if the lock is null + */ + protected WriteLock(ReentrantReadWriteLock lock) { + sync = lock.sync; + } + + /** + * Acquires the write lock. + * + *

Acquires the write lock if neither the read nor write lock + * are held by another thread + * and returns immediately, setting the write lock hold count to + * one. + * + *

If the current thread already holds the write lock then the + * hold count is incremented by one and the method returns + * immediately. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then the current + * thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and + * lies dormant until the write lock has been acquired, at which + * time the write lock hold count is set to one. + */ + public void lock() { + sync.acquire(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires the write lock unless the current thread is + * {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the write lock if neither the read nor write lock + * are held by another thread + * and returns immediately, setting the write lock hold count to + * one. + * + *

If the current thread already holds this lock then the + * hold count is incremented by one and the method returns + * immediately. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then the current + * thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and + * lies dormant until one of two things happens: + * + *

    + * + *
  • The write lock is acquired by the current thread; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread. + * + *
+ * + *

If the write lock is acquired by the current thread then the + * lock hold count is set to one. + * + *

If the current thread: + * + *

    + * + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; + * or + * + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while + * acquiring the write lock, + * + *
+ * + * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current + * thread's interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

In this implementation, as this method is an explicit + * interruption point, preference is given to responding to + * the interrupt over normal or reentrant acquisition of the + * lock. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + */ + public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException { + sync.acquireInterruptibly(1); + } + + /** + * Acquires the write lock only if it is not held by another thread + * at the time of invocation. + * + *

Acquires the write lock if neither the read nor write lock + * are held by another thread + * and returns immediately with the value {@code true}, + * setting the write lock hold count to one. Even when this lock has + * been set to use a fair ordering policy, a call to + * {@code tryLock()} will immediately acquire the + * lock if it is available, whether or not other threads are + * currently waiting for the write lock. This "barging" + * behavior can be useful in certain circumstances, even + * though it breaks fairness. If you want to honor the + * fairness setting for this lock, then use {@link + * #tryLock(long, TimeUnit) tryLock(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS) } + * which is almost equivalent (it also detects interruption). + * + *

If the current thread already holds this lock then the + * hold count is incremented by one and the method returns + * {@code true}. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then this method + * will return immediately with the value {@code false}. + * + * @return {@code true} if the lock was free and was acquired + * by the current thread, or the write lock was already held + * by the current thread; and {@code false} otherwise. + */ + public boolean tryLock( ) { + return sync.tryWriteLock(); + } + + /** + * Acquires the write lock if it is not held by another thread + * within the given waiting time and the current thread has + * not been {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted}. + * + *

Acquires the write lock if neither the read nor write lock + * are held by another thread + * and returns immediately with the value {@code true}, + * setting the write lock hold count to one. If this lock has been + * set to use a fair ordering policy then an available lock + * will not be acquired if any other threads are + * waiting for the write lock. This is in contrast to the {@link + * #tryLock()} method. If you want a timed {@code tryLock} + * that does permit barging on a fair lock then combine the + * timed and un-timed forms together: + * + * 

if (lock.tryLock() || lock.tryLock(timeout, unit) ) { ... }
+         *
+ * + *

If the current thread already holds this lock then the + * hold count is incremented by one and the method returns + * {@code true}. + * + *

If the lock is held by another thread then the current + * thread becomes disabled for thread scheduling purposes and + * lies dormant until one of three things happens: + * + *

    + * + *
  • The write lock is acquired by the current thread; or + * + *
  • Some other thread {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupts} + * the current thread; or + * + *
  • The specified waiting time elapses + * + *
+ * + *

If the write lock is acquired then the value {@code true} is + * returned and the write lock hold count is set to one. + * + *

If the current thread: + * + *

    + * + *
  • has its interrupted status set on entry to this method; + * or + * + *
  • is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while + * acquiring the write lock, + * + *
+ * + * then {@link InterruptedException} is thrown and the current + * thread's interrupted status is cleared. + * + *

If the specified waiting time elapses then the value + * {@code false} is returned. If the time is less than or + * equal to zero, the method will not wait at all. + * + *

In this implementation, as this method is an explicit + * interruption point, preference is given to responding to + * the interrupt over normal or reentrant acquisition of the + * lock, and over reporting the elapse of the waiting time. + * + * @param timeout the time to wait for the write lock + * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument + * + * @return {@code true} if the lock was free and was acquired + * by the current thread, or the write lock was already held by the + * current thread; and {@code false} if the waiting time + * elapsed before the lock could be acquired. + * + * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread is interrupted + * @throws NullPointerException if the time unit is null + * + */ + public boolean tryLock(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException { + return sync.tryAcquireNanos(1, unit.toNanos(timeout)); + } + + /** + * Attempts to release this lock. + * + *

If the current thread is the holder of this lock then + * the hold count is decremented. If the hold count is now + * zero then the lock is released. If the current thread is + * not the holder of this lock then {@link + * IllegalMonitorStateException} is thrown. + * + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if the current thread does not + * hold this lock. + */ + public void unlock() { + sync.release(1); + } + + /** + * Returns a {@link Condition} instance for use with this + * {@link Lock} instance. + *

The returned {@link Condition} instance supports the same + * usages as do the {@link Object} monitor methods ({@link + * Object#wait() wait}, {@link Object#notify notify}, and {@link + * Object#notifyAll notifyAll}) when used with the built-in + * monitor lock. + * + *

    + * + *
  • If this write lock is not held when any {@link + * Condition} method is called then an {@link + * IllegalMonitorStateException} is thrown. (Read locks are + * held independently of write locks, so are not checked or + * affected. However it is essentially always an error to + * invoke a condition waiting method when the current thread + * has also acquired read locks, since other threads that + * could unblock it will not be able to acquire the write + * lock.) + * + *
  • When the condition {@linkplain Condition#await() waiting} + * methods are called the write lock is released and, before + * they return, the write lock is reacquired and the lock hold + * count restored to what it was when the method was called. + * + *
  • If a thread is {@linkplain Thread#interrupt interrupted} while + * waiting then the wait will terminate, an {@link + * InterruptedException} will be thrown, and the thread's + * interrupted status will be cleared. + * + *
  • Waiting threads are signalled in FIFO order. + * + *
  • The ordering of lock reacquisition for threads returning + * from waiting methods is the same as for threads initially + * acquiring the lock, which is in the default case not specified, + * but for fair locks favors those threads that have been + * waiting the longest. + * + *
+ * + * @return the Condition object + */ + public Condition newCondition() { + return sync.newCondition(); + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock + * state. The state, in brackets includes either the String + * {@code "Unlocked"} or the String {@code "Locked by"} + * followed by the {@linkplain Thread#getName name} of the owning thread. + * + * @return a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock state + */ + public String toString() { + Thread o = sync.getOwner(); + return super.toString() + ((o == null) ? + "[Unlocked]" : + "[Locked by thread " + o.getName() + "]"); + } + + /** + * Queries if this write lock is held by the current thread. + * Identical in effect to {@link + * ReentrantReadWriteLock#isWriteLockedByCurrentThread}. + * + * @return {@code true} if the current thread holds this lock and + * {@code false} otherwise + * @since 1.6 + */ + public boolean isHeldByCurrentThread() { + return sync.isHeldExclusively(); + } + + /** + * Queries the number of holds on this write lock by the current + * thread. A thread has a hold on a lock for each lock action + * that is not matched by an unlock action. Identical in effect + * to {@link ReentrantReadWriteLock#getWriteHoldCount}. + * + * @return the number of holds on this lock by the current thread, + * or zero if this lock is not held by the current thread + * @since 1.6 + */ + public int getHoldCount() { + return sync.getWriteHoldCount(); + } + } + + // Instrumentation and status + + /** + * Returns {@code true} if this lock has fairness set true. + * + * @return {@code true} if this lock has fairness set true + */ + public final boolean isFair() { + return sync instanceof FairSync; + } + + /** + * Returns the thread that currently owns the write lock, or + * {@code null} if not owned. When this method is called by a + * thread that is not the owner, the return value reflects a + * best-effort approximation of current lock status. For example, + * the owner may be momentarily {@code null} even if there are + * threads trying to acquire the lock but have not yet done so. + * This method is designed to facilitate construction of + * subclasses that provide more extensive lock monitoring + * facilities. + * + * @return the owner, or {@code null} if not owned + */ + protected Thread getOwner() { + return sync.getOwner(); + } + + /** + * Queries the number of read locks held for this lock. This + * method is designed for use in monitoring system state, not for + * synchronization control. + * @return the number of read locks held. + */ + public int getReadLockCount() { + return sync.getReadLockCount(); + } + + /** + * Queries if the write lock is held by any thread. This method is + * designed for use in monitoring system state, not for + * synchronization control. + * + * @return {@code true} if any thread holds the write lock and + * {@code false} otherwise + */ + public boolean isWriteLocked() { + return sync.isWriteLocked(); + } + + /** + * Queries if the write lock is held by the current thread. + * + * @return {@code true} if the current thread holds the write lock and + * {@code false} otherwise + */ + public boolean isWriteLockedByCurrentThread() { + return sync.isHeldExclusively(); + } + + /** + * Queries the number of reentrant write holds on this lock by the + * current thread. A writer thread has a hold on a lock for + * each lock action that is not matched by an unlock action. + * + * @return the number of holds on the write lock by the current thread, + * or zero if the write lock is not held by the current thread + */ + public int getWriteHoldCount() { + return sync.getWriteHoldCount(); + } + + /** + * Queries the number of reentrant read holds on this lock by the + * current thread. A reader thread has a hold on a lock for + * each lock action that is not matched by an unlock action. + * + * @return the number of holds on the read lock by the current thread, + * or zero if the read lock is not held by the current thread + * @since 1.6 + */ + public int getReadHoldCount() { + return sync.getReadHoldCount(); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire the write lock. Because the actual set of threads may + * change dynamically while constructing this result, the returned + * collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the + * returned collection are in no particular order. This method is + * designed to facilitate construction of subclasses that provide + * more extensive lock monitoring facilities. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + protected Collection getQueuedWriterThreads() { + return sync.getExclusiveQueuedThreads(); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire the read lock. Because the actual set of threads may + * change dynamically while constructing this result, the returned + * collection is only a best-effort estimate. The elements of the + * returned collection are in no particular order. This method is + * designed to facilitate construction of subclasses that provide + * more extensive lock monitoring facilities. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + protected Collection getQueuedReaderThreads() { + return sync.getSharedQueuedThreads(); + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting to acquire the read or + * write lock. Note that because cancellations may occur at any + * time, a {@code true} return does not guarantee that any other + * thread will ever acquire a lock. This method is designed + * primarily for use in monitoring of the system state. + * + * @return {@code true} if there may be other threads waiting to + * acquire the lock + */ + public final boolean hasQueuedThreads() { + return sync.hasQueuedThreads(); + } + + /** + * Queries whether the given thread is waiting to acquire either + * the read or write lock. Note that because cancellations may + * occur at any time, a {@code true} return does not guarantee + * that this thread will ever acquire a lock. This method is + * designed primarily for use in monitoring of the system state. + * + * @param thread the thread + * @return {@code true} if the given thread is queued waiting for this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the thread is null + */ + public final boolean hasQueuedThread(Thread thread) { + return sync.isQueued(thread); + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting to acquire + * either the read or write lock. The value is only an estimate + * because the number of threads may change dynamically while this + * method traverses internal data structures. This method is + * designed for use in monitoring of the system state, not for + * synchronization control. + * + * @return the estimated number of threads waiting for this lock + */ + public final int getQueueLength() { + return sync.getQueueLength(); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing threads that may be waiting to + * acquire either the read or write lock. Because the actual set + * of threads may change dynamically while constructing this + * result, the returned collection is only a best-effort estimate. + * The elements of the returned collection are in no particular + * order. This method is designed to facilitate construction of + * subclasses that provide more extensive monitoring facilities. + * + * @return the collection of threads + */ + protected Collection getQueuedThreads() { + return sync.getQueuedThreads(); + } + + /** + * Queries whether any threads are waiting on the given condition + * associated with the write lock. Note that because timeouts and + * interrupts may occur at any time, a {@code true} return does + * not guarantee that a future {@code signal} will awaken any + * threads. This method is designed primarily for use in + * monitoring of the system state. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return {@code true} if there are any waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if this lock is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public boolean hasWaiters(Condition condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (!(condition instanceof AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("not owner"); + return sync.hasWaiters((AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)condition); + } + + /** + * Returns an estimate of the number of threads waiting on the + * given condition associated with the write lock. Note that because + * timeouts and interrupts may occur at any time, the estimate + * serves only as an upper bound on the actual number of waiters. + * This method is designed for use in monitoring of the system + * state, not for synchronization control. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the estimated number of waiting threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if this lock is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + public int getWaitQueueLength(Condition condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (!(condition instanceof AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("not owner"); + return sync.getWaitQueueLength((AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)condition); + } + + /** + * Returns a collection containing those threads that may be + * waiting on the given condition associated with the write lock. + * Because the actual set of threads may change dynamically while + * constructing this result, the returned collection is only a + * best-effort estimate. The elements of the returned collection + * are in no particular order. This method is designed to + * facilitate construction of subclasses that provide more + * extensive condition monitoring facilities. + * + * @param condition the condition + * @return the collection of threads + * @throws IllegalMonitorStateException if this lock is not held + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given condition is + * not associated with this lock + * @throws NullPointerException if the condition is null + */ + protected Collection getWaitingThreads(Condition condition) { + if (condition == null) + throw new NullPointerException(); + if (!(condition instanceof AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)) + throw new IllegalArgumentException("not owner"); + return sync.getWaitingThreads((AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.ConditionObject)condition); + } + + /** + * Returns a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock state. + * The state, in brackets, includes the String {@code "Write locks ="} + * followed by the number of reentrantly held write locks, and the + * String {@code "Read locks ="} followed by the number of held + * read locks. + * + * @return a string identifying this lock, as well as its lock state + */ + public String toString() { + int c = sync.getCount(); + int w = Sync.exclusiveCount(c); + int r = Sync.sharedCount(c); + + return super.toString() + + "[Write locks = " + w + ", Read locks = " + r + "]"; + } + +} -- cgit v1.2.3