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verified gcc-4.6.4.tar.bz2.sig;
imported gcc-4.6.4 source tree from verified upstream tarball.

downloading a git-generated archive based on the 'upstream' tag
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1 files changed, 1799 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/libjava/classpath/java/lang/Class.java b/libjava/classpath/java/lang/Class.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1caee0147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libjava/classpath/java/lang/Class.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1799 @@
+/* Class.java -- Representation of a Java class.
+   Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007
+   Free Software Foundation
+
+This file is part of GNU Classpath.
+
+GNU Classpath is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+any later version.
+
+GNU Classpath is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with GNU Classpath; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the
+Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
+02110-1301 USA.
+
+Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is
+making a combined work based on this library.  Thus, the terms and
+conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole
+combination.
+
+As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you
+permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an
+executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent
+modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable under
+terms of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked
+independent module, the terms and conditions of the license of that
+module.  An independent module is a module which is not derived from
+or based on this library.  If you modify this library, you may extend
+this exception to your version of the library, but you are not
+obligated to do so.  If you do not wish to do so, delete this
+exception statement from your version. */
+
+package java.lang;
+
+import gnu.classpath.VMStackWalker;
+import gnu.java.lang.reflect.ClassSignatureParser;
+
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
+import java.lang.annotation.Inherited;
+import java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject;
+import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
+import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Member;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.lang.reflect.Type;
+import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.security.AccessController;
+import java.security.AllPermission;
+import java.security.Permissions;
+import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
+import java.security.ProtectionDomain;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+
+
+/**
+ * A Class represents a Java type.  There will never be multiple Class
+ * objects with identical names and ClassLoaders. Primitive types, array
+ * types, and void also have a Class object.
+ *
+ * <p>Arrays with identical type and number of dimensions share the same class.
+ * The array class ClassLoader is the same as the ClassLoader of the element
+ * type of the array (which can be null to indicate the bootstrap classloader).
+ * The name of an array class is <code>[&lt;signature format&gt;;</code>.
+ * <p> For example,
+ * String[]'s class is <code>[Ljava.lang.String;</code>. boolean, byte,
+ * short, char, int, long, float and double have the "type name" of
+ * Z,B,S,C,I,J,F,D for the purposes of array classes.  If it's a
+ * multidimensioned array, the same principle applies:
+ * <code>int[][][]</code> == <code>[[[I</code>.
+ *
+ * <p>There is no public constructor - Class objects are obtained only through
+ * the virtual machine, as defined in ClassLoaders.
+ *
+ * @serialData Class objects serialize specially:
+ * <code>TC_CLASS ClassDescriptor</code>. For more serialization information,
+ * see {@link ObjectStreamClass}.
+ *
+ * @author John Keiser
+ * @author Eric Blake (ebb9@email.byu.edu)
+ * @author Tom Tromey (tromey@redhat.com)
+ * @author Andrew John Hughes (gnu_andrew@member.fsf.org)
+ * @since 1.0
+ * @see ClassLoader
+ */
+public final class Class<T>
+  implements Serializable, Type, AnnotatedElement, GenericDeclaration
+{
+  /**
+   * Compatible with JDK 1.0+.
+   */
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
+
+  /**
+   * Flag indicating a synthetic member.
+   * Note that this duplicates a constant in Modifier.
+   */
+  private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x1000;
+
+  /**
+   * Flag indiciating an annotation class.
+   */
+  private static final int ANNOTATION = 0x2000;
+
+  /**
+   * Flag indicating an enum constant or an enum class.
+   * Note that this duplicates a constant in Modifier.
+   */
+  private static final int ENUM = 0x4000;
+
+  /** The class signers. */
+  private Object[] signers = null;
+  /** The class protection domain. */
+  private final transient ProtectionDomain pd;
+
+  /* We use an inner class, so that Class doesn't have a static initializer */
+  private static final class StaticData
+  {
+    static final ProtectionDomain unknownProtectionDomain;
+
+    static
+    {
+      Permissions permissions = new Permissions();
+      permissions.add(new AllPermission());
+      unknownProtectionDomain = new ProtectionDomain(null, permissions);
+    }
+  }
+
+  final transient Object vmdata;
+
+  /** newInstance() caches the default constructor */
+  private transient Constructor<T> constructor;
+
+  /**
+   * Class is non-instantiable from Java code; only the VM can create
+   * instances of this class.
+   */
+  Class(Object vmdata)
+  {
+    this(vmdata, null);
+  }
+
+  Class(Object vmdata, ProtectionDomain pd)
+  {
+    this.vmdata = vmdata;
+    // If the VM didn't supply a protection domain and the class is an array,
+    // we "inherit" the protection domain from the component type class. This
+    // saves the VM from having to worry about protection domains for array
+    // classes.
+    if (pd == null && isArray())
+      this.pd = getComponentType().pd;
+    else
+      this.pd = pd;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Use the classloader of the current class to load, link, and initialize
+   * a class. This is equivalent to your code calling
+   * <code>Class.forName(name, true, getClass().getClassLoader())</code>.
+   *
+   * @param name the name of the class to find
+   * @return the Class object representing the class
+   * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class was not found by the
+   *         classloader
+   * @throws LinkageError if linking the class fails
+   * @throws ExceptionInInitializerError if the class loads, but an exception
+   *         occurs during initialization
+   */
+  public static Class<?> forName(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException
+  {
+    return VMClass.forName(name, true, VMStackWalker.getCallingClassLoader());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Use the specified classloader to load and link a class. If the loader
+   * is null, this uses the bootstrap class loader (provide the security
+   * check succeeds). Unfortunately, this method cannot be used to obtain
+   * the Class objects for primitive types or for void, you have to use
+   * the fields in the appropriate java.lang wrapper classes.
+   *
+   * <p>Calls <code>classloader.loadclass(name, initialize)</code>.
+   *
+   * @param name the name of the class to find
+   * @param initialize whether or not to initialize the class at this time
+   * @param classloader the classloader to use to find the class; null means
+   *        to use the bootstrap class loader
+   *
+   * @return the class object for the given class
+   *
+   * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class was not found by the
+   *         classloader
+   * @throws LinkageError if linking the class fails
+   * @throws ExceptionInInitializerError if the class loads, but an exception
+   *         occurs during initialization
+   * @throws SecurityException if the <code>classloader</code> argument
+   *         is <code>null</code> and the caller does not have the
+   *         <code>RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")</code> permission
+   * @see ClassLoader
+   * @since 1.2
+   */
+  public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
+                                 ClassLoader classloader)
+    throws ClassNotFoundException
+  {
+    if (classloader == null)
+      {
+        // Check if we may access the bootstrap classloader
+        SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current;
+        if (sm != null)
+          {
+            // Get the calling classloader
+            ClassLoader cl = VMStackWalker.getCallingClassLoader();
+            if (cl != null)
+              sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getClassLoader"));
+          }
+      }
+    return (Class<?>) VMClass.forName(name, initialize, classloader);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the public member classes and interfaces declared in this
+   * class or inherited from superclasses. This returns an array of length
+   * 0 if there are no member classes, including for primitive types. A
+   * security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all public member classes in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Class<?>[] getClasses()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    return internalGetClasses();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Like <code>getClasses()</code> but without the security checks.
+   */
+  private Class<?>[] internalGetClasses()
+  {
+    ArrayList<Class> list = new ArrayList<Class>();
+    list.addAll(Arrays.asList(getDeclaredClasses(true)));
+    Class superClass = getSuperclass();
+    if (superClass != null)
+      list.addAll(Arrays.asList(superClass.internalGetClasses()));
+    return list.toArray(new Class<?>[list.size()]);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the ClassLoader that loaded this class.  If the class was loaded
+   * by the bootstrap classloader, this method will return null.
+   * If there is a security manager, and the caller's class loader is not
+   * an ancestor of the requested one, a security check of
+   * <code>RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")</code>
+   * must first succeed. Primitive types and void return null.
+   *
+   * @return the ClassLoader that loaded this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @see ClassLoader
+   * @see RuntimePermission
+   */
+  public ClassLoader getClassLoader()
+  {
+    if (isPrimitive())
+      return null;
+
+    ClassLoader loader = VMClass.getClassLoader(this);
+    // Check if we may get the classloader
+    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current;
+    if (loader != null && sm != null)
+      {
+        // Get the calling classloader
+        ClassLoader cl = VMStackWalker.getCallingClassLoader();
+        if (cl != null && !cl.isAncestorOf(loader))
+          sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getClassLoader"));
+      }
+    return loader;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * If this is an array, get the Class representing the type of array.
+   * Examples: "[[Ljava.lang.String;" would return "[Ljava.lang.String;", and
+   * calling getComponentType on that would give "java.lang.String".  If
+   * this is not an array, returns null.
+   *
+   * @return the array type of this class, or null
+   * @see Array
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Class<?> getComponentType()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getComponentType (this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a public constructor declared in this class. If the constructor takes
+   * no argument, an array of zero elements and null are equivalent for the
+   * types argument. A security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @param types the type of each parameter
+   * @return the constructor
+   * @throws NoSuchMethodException if the constructor does not exist
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @see #getConstructors()
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... types)
+    throws NoSuchMethodException
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    Constructor[] constructors = getDeclaredConstructors(true);
+    for (int i = 0; i < constructors.length; i++)
+      {
+        Constructor constructor = constructors[i];
+        if (matchParameters(types, constructor.getParameterTypes()))
+          return constructor;
+      }
+    throw new NoSuchMethodException();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the public constructors of this class. This returns an array of
+   * length 0 if there are no constructors, including for primitive types,
+   * arrays, and interfaces. It does, however, include the default
+   * constructor if one was supplied by the compiler. A security check may
+   * be performed, with <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code>
+   * as well as <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all public constructors in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    return getDeclaredConstructors(true);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a constructor declared in this class. If the constructor takes no
+   * argument, an array of zero elements and null are equivalent for the
+   * types argument. A security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @param types the type of each parameter
+   * @return the constructor
+   * @throws NoSuchMethodException if the constructor does not exist
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @see #getDeclaredConstructors()
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... types)
+    throws NoSuchMethodException
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.DECLARED);
+    Constructor[] constructors = getDeclaredConstructors(false);
+    for (int i = 0; i < constructors.length; i++)
+      {
+        Constructor constructor = constructors[i];
+        if (matchParameters(types, constructor.getParameterTypes()))
+          return constructor;
+      }
+    throw new NoSuchMethodException();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the declared member classes and interfaces in this class, but
+   * not those inherited from superclasses. This returns an array of length
+   * 0 if there are no member classes, including for primitive types. A
+   * security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all declared member classes in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.DECLARED);
+    return getDeclaredClasses(false);
+  }
+
+  Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses (boolean publicOnly)
+  {
+    return VMClass.getDeclaredClasses (this, publicOnly);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the declared constructors of this class. This returns an array of
+   * length 0 if there are no constructors, including for primitive types,
+   * arrays, and interfaces. It does, however, include the default
+   * constructor if one was supplied by the compiler. A security check may
+   * be performed, with <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)</code>
+   * as well as <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all constructors in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.DECLARED);
+    return getDeclaredConstructors(false);
+  }
+
+  Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors (boolean publicOnly)
+  {
+    return VMClass.getDeclaredConstructors (this, publicOnly);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a field declared in this class, where name is its simple name. The
+   * implicit length field of arrays is not available. A security check may
+   * be performed, with <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)</code>
+   * as well as <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @param name the name of the field
+   * @return the field
+   * @throws NoSuchFieldException if the field does not exist
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @see #getDeclaredFields()
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Field getDeclaredField(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.DECLARED);
+    Field[] fields = getDeclaredFields(false);
+    for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++)
+      {
+        if (fields[i].getName().equals(name))
+          return fields[i];
+      }
+    throw new NoSuchFieldException();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the declared fields in this class, but not those inherited from
+   * superclasses. This returns an array of length 0 if there are no fields,
+   * including for primitive types. This does not return the implicit length
+   * field of arrays. A security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all declared fields in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Field[] getDeclaredFields()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.DECLARED);
+    return getDeclaredFields(false);
+  }
+
+  Field[] getDeclaredFields (boolean publicOnly)
+  {
+    return VMClass.getDeclaredFields (this, publicOnly);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a method declared in this class, where name is its simple name. The
+   * implicit methods of Object are not available from arrays or interfaces.
+   * Constructors (named "&lt;init&gt;" in the class file) and class initializers
+   * (name "&lt;clinit&gt;") are not available.  The Virtual Machine allows
+   * multiple methods with the same signature but differing return types; in
+   * such a case the most specific return types are favored, then the final
+   * choice is arbitrary. If the method takes no argument, an array of zero
+   * elements and null are equivalent for the types argument. A security
+   * check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the method
+   * @param types the type of each parameter
+   * @return the method
+   * @throws NoSuchMethodException if the method does not exist
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @see #getDeclaredMethods()
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Method getDeclaredMethod(String methodName, Class<?>... types)
+    throws NoSuchMethodException
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.DECLARED);
+    Method match = matchMethod(getDeclaredMethods(false), methodName, types);
+    if (match == null)
+      throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodName);
+    return match;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the declared methods in this class, but not those inherited from
+   * superclasses. This returns an array of length 0 if there are no methods,
+   * including for primitive types. This does include the implicit methods of
+   * arrays and interfaces which mirror methods of Object, nor does it
+   * include constructors or the class initialization methods. The Virtual
+   * Machine allows multiple methods with the same signature but differing
+   * return types; all such methods are in the returned array. A security
+   * check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all declared methods in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Method[] getDeclaredMethods()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.DECLARED);
+    return getDeclaredMethods(false);
+  }
+
+  Method[] getDeclaredMethods (boolean publicOnly)
+  {
+    return VMClass.getDeclaredMethods (this, publicOnly);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * If this is a nested or inner class, return the class that declared it.
+   * If not, return null.
+   *
+   * @return the declaring class of this class
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Class<?> getDeclaringClass()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getDeclaringClass (this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a public field declared or inherited in this class, where name is
+   * its simple name. If the class contains multiple accessible fields by
+   * that name, an arbitrary one is returned. The implicit length field of
+   * arrays is not available. A security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @param fieldName the name of the field
+   * @return the field
+   * @throws NoSuchFieldException if the field does not exist
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @see #getFields()
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Field getField(String fieldName)
+    throws NoSuchFieldException
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    Field field = internalGetField(fieldName);
+    if (field == null)
+      throw new NoSuchFieldException(fieldName);
+    return field;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the public fields declared in this class or inherited from
+   * superclasses. This returns an array of length 0 if there are no fields,
+   * including for primitive types. This does not return the implicit length
+   * field of arrays. A security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all public fields in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Field[] getFields()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    return internalGetFields();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Like <code>getFields()</code> but without the security checks.
+   */
+  private Field[] internalGetFields()
+  {
+    LinkedHashSet<Field> set = new LinkedHashSet<Field>();
+    set.addAll(Arrays.asList(getDeclaredFields(true)));
+    Class[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
+    for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++)
+      set.addAll(Arrays.asList(interfaces[i].internalGetFields()));
+    Class superClass = getSuperclass();
+    if (superClass != null)
+      set.addAll(Arrays.asList(superClass.internalGetFields()));
+    return set.toArray(new Field[set.size()]);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the <code>Package</code> in which this class is defined
+   * Returns null when this information is not available from the
+   * classloader of this class.
+   *
+   * @return the package for this class, if it is available
+   * @since 1.2
+   */
+  public Package getPackage()
+  {
+    ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader();
+    if (cl != null)
+      return cl.getPackage(getPackagePortion(getName()));
+    else
+      return VMClassLoader.getPackage(getPackagePortion(getName()));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the interfaces this class <em>directly</em> implements, in the
+   * order that they were declared. This returns an empty array, not null,
+   * for Object, primitives, void, and classes or interfaces with no direct
+   * superinterface. Array types return Cloneable and Serializable.
+   *
+   * @return the interfaces this class directly implements
+   */
+  public Class<?>[] getInterfaces()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getInterfaces (this);
+  }
+
+  private static final class MethodKey
+  {
+    private String name;
+    private Class[] params;
+    private Class returnType;
+    private int hash;
+
+    MethodKey(Method m)
+    {
+      name = m.getName();
+      params = m.getParameterTypes();
+      returnType = m.getReturnType();
+      hash = name.hashCode() ^ returnType.hashCode();
+      for(int i = 0; i < params.length; i++)
+        {
+          hash ^= params[i].hashCode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public boolean equals(Object o)
+    {
+      if (o instanceof MethodKey)
+        {
+          MethodKey m = (MethodKey) o;
+          if (m.name.equals(name) && m.params.length == params.length
+              && m.returnType == returnType)
+            {
+              for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++)
+                {
+                  if (m.params[i] != params[i])
+                    return false;
+                }
+              return true;
+            }
+        }
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    public int hashCode()
+    {
+      return hash;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a public method declared or inherited in this class, where name is
+   * its simple name. The implicit methods of Object are not available from
+   * interfaces.  Constructors (named "&lt;init&gt;" in the class file) and class
+   * initializers (name "&lt;clinit&gt;") are not available.  The Virtual
+   * Machine allows multiple methods with the same signature but differing
+   * return types, and the class can inherit multiple methods of the same
+   * return type; in such a case the most specific return types are favored,
+   * then the final choice is arbitrary. If the method takes no argument, an
+   * array of zero elements and null are equivalent for the types argument.
+   * A security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the method
+   * @param types the type of each parameter
+   * @return the method
+   * @throws NoSuchMethodException if the method does not exist
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @see #getMethods()
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Method getMethod(String methodName, Class<?>... types)
+    throws NoSuchMethodException
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    Method method = internalGetMethod(methodName, types);
+    if (method == null)
+      throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodName);
+    return method;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Like <code>getMethod(String,Class[])</code> but without the security
+   * checks and returns null instead of throwing NoSuchMethodException.
+   */
+  private Method internalGetMethod(String methodName, Class[] args)
+  {
+    Method match = matchMethod(getDeclaredMethods(true), methodName, args);
+    if (match != null)
+      return match;
+    Class superClass = getSuperclass();
+    if (superClass != null)
+      {
+        match = superClass.internalGetMethod(methodName, args);
+        if(match != null)
+          return match;
+      }
+    Class[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
+    for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++)
+      {
+        match = interfaces[i].internalGetMethod(methodName, args);
+        if (match != null)
+          return match;
+      }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Find the best matching method in <code>list</code> according to
+   * the definition of ``best matching'' used by <code>getMethod()</code>
+   *
+   * <p>
+   * Returns the method if any, otherwise <code>null</code>.
+   *
+   * @param list List of methods to search
+   * @param name Name of method
+   * @param args Method parameter types
+   * @see #getMethod(String, Class[])
+   */
+  private static Method matchMethod(Method[] list, String name, Class[] args)
+  {
+    Method match = null;
+    for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++)
+      {
+        Method method = list[i];
+        if (!method.getName().equals(name))
+          continue;
+        if (!matchParameters(args, method.getParameterTypes()))
+          continue;
+        if (match == null
+            || match.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(method.getReturnType()))
+          match = method;
+      }
+    return match;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Check for an exact match between parameter type lists.
+   * Either list may be <code>null</code> to mean a list of
+   * length zero.
+   */
+  private static boolean matchParameters(Class[] types1, Class[] types2)
+  {
+    if (types1 == null)
+      return types2 == null || types2.length == 0;
+    if (types2 == null)
+      return types1 == null || types1.length == 0;
+    if (types1.length != types2.length)
+      return false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < types1.length; i++)
+      {
+        if (types1[i] != types2[i])
+          return false;
+      }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get all the public methods declared in this class or inherited from
+   * superclasses. This returns an array of length 0 if there are no methods,
+   * including for primitive types. This does not include the implicit
+   * methods of interfaces which mirror methods of Object, nor does it
+   * include constructors or the class initialization methods. The Virtual
+   * Machine allows multiple methods with the same signature but differing
+   * return types; all such methods are in the returned array. A security
+   * check may be performed, with
+   * <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code> as well as
+   * <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return all public methods in this class
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Method[] getMethods()
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    // NOTE the API docs claim that no methods are returned for arrays,
+    // but Sun's implementation *does* return the public methods of Object
+    // (as would be expected), so we follow their implementation instead
+    // of their documentation.
+    return internalGetMethods();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Like <code>getMethods()</code> but without the security checks.
+   */
+  private Method[] internalGetMethods()
+  {
+    HashMap<MethodKey,Method> map = new HashMap<MethodKey,Method>();
+    Method[] methods;
+    Class[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
+    for(int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++)
+      {
+        methods = interfaces[i].internalGetMethods();
+        for(int j = 0; j < methods.length; j++)
+          {
+            map.put(new MethodKey(methods[j]), methods[j]);
+          }
+      }
+    Class superClass = getSuperclass();
+    if(superClass != null)
+      {
+        methods = superClass.internalGetMethods();
+        for(int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++)
+          {
+            map.put(new MethodKey(methods[i]), methods[i]);
+          }
+      }
+    methods = getDeclaredMethods(true);
+    for(int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++)
+      {
+        map.put(new MethodKey(methods[i]), methods[i]);
+      }
+    return map.values().toArray(new Method[map.size()]);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the modifiers of this class.  These can be decoded using Modifier,
+   * and is limited to one of public, protected, or private, and any of
+   * final, static, abstract, or interface. An array class has the same
+   * public, protected, or private modifier as its component type, and is
+   * marked final but not an interface. Primitive types and void are marked
+   * public and final, but not an interface.
+   *
+   * @return the modifiers of this class
+   * @see Modifier
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public int getModifiers()
+  {
+    int mod = VMClass.getModifiers (this, false);
+    return (mod & (Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.PROTECTED | Modifier.PRIVATE |
+          Modifier.FINAL | Modifier.STATIC | Modifier.ABSTRACT |
+          Modifier.INTERFACE));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the name of this class, separated by dots for package separators.
+   * If the class represents a primitive type, or void, then the
+   * name of the type as it appears in the Java programming language
+   * is returned.  For instance, <code>Byte.TYPE.getName()</code>
+   * returns "byte".
+   *
+   * Arrays are specially encoded as shown on this table.
+   * <pre>
+   * array type          [<em>element type</em>
+   *                     (note that the element type is encoded per
+   *                      this table)
+   * boolean             Z
+   * byte                B
+   * char                C
+   * short               S
+   * int                 I
+   * long                J
+   * float               F
+   * double              D
+   * void                V
+   * class or interface, alone: &lt;dotted name&gt;
+   * class or interface, as element type: L&lt;dotted name&gt;;
+   * </pre>
+   *
+   * @return the name of this class
+   */
+  public String getName()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getName (this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a resource URL using this class's package using the
+   * getClassLoader().getResource() method.  If this class was loaded using
+   * the system classloader, ClassLoader.getSystemResource() is used instead.
+   *
+   * <p>If the name you supply is absolute (it starts with a <code>/</code>),
+   * then the leading <code>/</code> is removed and it is passed on to
+   * getResource(). If it is relative, the package name is prepended, and
+   * <code>.</code>'s are replaced with <code>/</code>.
+   *
+   * <p>The URL returned is system- and classloader-dependent, and could
+   * change across implementations.
+   *
+   * @param resourceName the name of the resource, generally a path
+   * @return the URL to the resource
+   * @throws NullPointerException if name is null
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public URL getResource(String resourceName)
+  {
+    String name = resourcePath(resourceName);
+    ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader();
+    if (loader == null)
+      return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
+    return loader.getResource(name);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a resource using this class's package using the
+   * getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream() method.  If this class was loaded
+   * using the system classloader, ClassLoader.getSystemResource() is used
+   * instead.
+   *
+   * <p>If the name you supply is absolute (it starts with a <code>/</code>),
+   * then the leading <code>/</code> is removed and it is passed on to
+   * getResource(). If it is relative, the package name is prepended, and
+   * <code>.</code>'s are replaced with <code>/</code>.
+   *
+   * <p>The URL returned is system- and classloader-dependent, and could
+   * change across implementations.
+   *
+   * @param resourceName the name of the resource, generally a path
+   * @return an InputStream with the contents of the resource in it, or null
+   * @throws NullPointerException if name is null
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String resourceName)
+  {
+    String name = resourcePath(resourceName);
+    ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader();
+    if (loader == null)
+      return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
+    return loader.getResourceAsStream(name);
+  }
+
+  private String resourcePath(String resourceName)
+  {
+    if (resourceName.length() > 0)
+      {
+        if (resourceName.charAt(0) != '/')
+          {
+            String pkg = getPackagePortion(getName());
+            if (pkg.length() > 0)
+              resourceName = pkg.replace('.','/') + '/' + resourceName;
+          }
+        else
+          {
+            resourceName = resourceName.substring(1);
+          }
+      }
+    return resourceName;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the signers of this class. This returns null if there are no signers,
+   * such as for primitive types or void.
+   *
+   * @return the signers of this class
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public Object[] getSigners()
+  {
+    return signers == null ? null : (Object[]) signers.clone ();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the signers of this class.
+   *
+   * @param signers the signers of this class
+   */
+  void setSigners(Object[] signers)
+  {
+    this.signers = signers;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the direct superclass of this class.  If this is an interface,
+   * Object, a primitive type, or void, it will return null. If this is an
+   * array type, it will return Object.
+   *
+   * @return the direct superclass of this class
+   */
+  public Class<? super T> getSuperclass()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getSuperclass (this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return whether this class is an array type.
+   *
+   * @return whether this class is an array type
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public boolean isArray()
+  {
+    return VMClass.isArray (this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Discover whether an instance of the Class parameter would be an
+   * instance of this Class as well.  Think of doing
+   * <code>isInstance(c.newInstance())</code> or even
+   * <code>c.newInstance() instanceof (this class)</code>. While this
+   * checks widening conversions for objects, it must be exact for primitive
+   * types.
+   *
+   * @param c the class to check
+   * @return whether an instance of c would be an instance of this class
+   *         as well
+   * @throws NullPointerException if c is null
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> c)
+  {
+    return VMClass.isAssignableFrom (this, c);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Discover whether an Object is an instance of this Class.  Think of it
+   * as almost like <code>o instanceof (this class)</code>.
+   *
+   * @param o the Object to check
+   * @return whether o is an instance of this class
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public boolean isInstance(Object o)
+  {
+    return VMClass.isInstance (this, o);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Check whether this class is an interface or not.  Array types are not
+   * interfaces.
+   *
+   * @return whether this class is an interface or not
+   */
+  public boolean isInterface()
+  {
+    return VMClass.isInterface (this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return whether this class is a primitive type.  A primitive type class
+   * is a class representing a kind of "placeholder" for the various
+   * primitive types, or void.  You can access the various primitive type
+   * classes through java.lang.Boolean.TYPE, java.lang.Integer.TYPE, etc.,
+   * or through boolean.class, int.class, etc.
+   *
+   * @return whether this class is a primitive type
+   * @see Boolean#TYPE
+   * @see Byte#TYPE
+   * @see Character#TYPE
+   * @see Short#TYPE
+   * @see Integer#TYPE
+   * @see Long#TYPE
+   * @see Float#TYPE
+   * @see Double#TYPE
+   * @see Void#TYPE
+   * @since 1.1
+   */
+  public boolean isPrimitive()
+  {
+    return VMClass.isPrimitive (this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a new instance of this class by calling the no-argument constructor.
+   * The class is initialized if it has not been already. A security check
+   * may be performed, with <code>checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)</code>
+   * as well as <code>checkPackageAccess</code> both having to succeed.
+   *
+   * @return a new instance of this class
+   * @throws InstantiationException if there is not a no-arg constructor
+   *         for this class, including interfaces, abstract classes, arrays,
+   *         primitive types, and void; or if an exception occurred during
+   *         the constructor
+   * @throws IllegalAccessException if you are not allowed to access the
+   *         no-arg constructor because of scoping reasons
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security check fails
+   * @throws ExceptionInInitializerError if class initialization caused by
+   *         this call fails with an exception
+   */
+  public T newInstance()
+    throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
+  {
+    memberAccessCheck(Member.PUBLIC);
+    Constructor<T> constructor;
+    synchronized(this)
+      {
+        constructor = this.constructor;
+      }
+    if (constructor == null)
+      {
+        Constructor[] constructors = getDeclaredConstructors(false);
+        for (int i = 0; i < constructors.length; i++)
+          {
+            if (constructors[i].getParameterTypes().length == 0)
+              {
+                constructor = constructors[i];
+                break;
+              }
+          }
+        if (constructor == null)
+          throw new InstantiationException(getName());
+        if (!Modifier.isPublic(constructor.getModifiers())
+            || !Modifier.isPublic(VMClass.getModifiers(this, true)))
+          {
+            setAccessible(constructor);
+          }
+        synchronized(this)
+          {
+            if (this.constructor == null)
+              this.constructor = constructor;
+          }
+      }
+    int modifiers = constructor.getModifiers();
+    if (!Modifier.isPublic(modifiers)
+        || !Modifier.isPublic(VMClass.getModifiers(this, true)))
+      {
+        Class caller = VMStackWalker.getCallingClass();
+        if (caller != null &&
+            caller != this &&
+            (Modifier.isPrivate(modifiers)
+             || getClassLoader() != caller.getClassLoader()
+             || !getPackagePortion(getName())
+             .equals(getPackagePortion(caller.getName()))))
+          throw new IllegalAccessException(getName()
+                                           + " has an inaccessible constructor");
+      }
+    try
+      {
+        return constructor.newInstance();
+      }
+    catch (InvocationTargetException e)
+      {
+        VMClass.throwException(e.getTargetException());
+        throw (InternalError) new InternalError
+          ("VMClass.throwException returned").initCause(e);
+      }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the protection domain of this class. If the classloader did not
+   * record the protection domain when creating this class the unknown
+   * protection domain is returned which has a <code>null</code> code source
+   * and all permissions. A security check may be performed, with
+   * <code>RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")</code>.
+   *
+   * @return the protection domain
+   * @throws SecurityException if the security manager exists and the caller
+   * does not have <code>RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")</code>.
+   * @see RuntimePermission
+   * @since 1.2
+   */
+  public ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain()
+  {
+    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current;
+    if (sm != null)
+      sm.checkPermission(new RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain"));
+
+    return pd == null ? StaticData.unknownProtectionDomain : pd;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the human-readable form of this Object.  For an object, this
+   * is either "interface " or "class " followed by <code>getName()</code>,
+   * for primitive types and void it is just <code>getName()</code>.
+   *
+   * @return the human-readable form of this Object
+   */
+  public String toString()
+  {
+    if (isPrimitive())
+      return getName();
+    return (isInterface() ? "interface " : "class ") + getName();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the desired assertion status of this class, if it were to be
+   * initialized at this moment. The class assertion status, if set, is
+   * returned; the backup is the default package status; then if there is
+   * a class loader, that default is returned; and finally the system default
+   * is returned. This method seldom needs calling in user code, but exists
+   * for compilers to implement the assert statement. Note that there is no
+   * guarantee that the result of this method matches the class's actual
+   * assertion status.
+   *
+   * @return the desired assertion status
+   * @see ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus(String, boolean)
+   * @see ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus(String, boolean)
+   * @see ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus(boolean)
+   * @since 1.4
+   */
+  public boolean desiredAssertionStatus()
+  {
+    ClassLoader c = getClassLoader();
+    Object status;
+    if (c == null)
+      return VMClassLoader.defaultAssertionStatus();
+    if (c.classAssertionStatus != null)
+      synchronized (c)
+        {
+          status = c.classAssertionStatus.get(getName());
+          if (status != null)
+            return status.equals(Boolean.TRUE);
+        }
+    else
+      {
+        status = ClassLoader.StaticData.
+                    systemClassAssertionStatus.get(getName());
+        if (status != null)
+          return status.equals(Boolean.TRUE);
+      }
+    if (c.packageAssertionStatus != null)
+      synchronized (c)
+        {
+          String name = getPackagePortion(getName());
+          if ("".equals(name))
+            status = c.packageAssertionStatus.get(null);
+          else
+            do
+              {
+                status = c.packageAssertionStatus.get(name);
+                name = getPackagePortion(name);
+              }
+            while (! "".equals(name) && status == null);
+          if (status != null)
+            return status.equals(Boolean.TRUE);
+        }
+    else
+      {
+        String name = getPackagePortion(getName());
+        if ("".equals(name))
+          status = ClassLoader.StaticData.
+                    systemPackageAssertionStatus.get(null);
+        else
+          do
+            {
+              status = ClassLoader.StaticData.
+                        systemPackageAssertionStatus.get(name);
+              name = getPackagePortion(name);
+            }
+          while (! "".equals(name) && status == null);
+        if (status != null)
+          return status.equals(Boolean.TRUE);
+      }
+    return c.defaultAssertionStatus;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * <p>
+   * Casts this class to represent a subclass of the specified class.
+   * This method is useful for `narrowing' the type of a class so that
+   * the class object, and instances of that class, can match the contract
+   * of a more restrictive method.  For example, if this class has the
+   * static type of <code>Class&lt;Object&gt;</code>, and a dynamic type of
+   * <code>Class&lt;Rectangle&gt;</code>, then, assuming <code>Shape</code> is
+   * a superclass of <code>Rectangle</code>, this method can be used on
+   * this class with the parameter, <code>Class&lt;Shape&gt;</code>, to retain
+   * the same instance but with the type
+   * <code>Class&lt;? extends Shape&gt;</code>.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * If this class can be converted to an instance which is parameterised
+   * over a subtype of the supplied type, <code>U</code>, then this method
+   * returns an appropriately cast reference to this object.  Otherwise,
+   * a <code>ClassCastException</code> is thrown.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * @param klass the class object, the parameterized type (<code>U</code>) of
+   *              which should be a superclass of the parameterized type of
+   *              this instance.
+   * @return a reference to this object, appropriately cast.
+   * @throws ClassCastException if this class can not be converted to one
+   *                            which represents a subclass of the specified
+   *                            type, <code>U</code>.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> klass)
+  {
+    if (! klass.isAssignableFrom(this))
+      throw new ClassCastException();
+    return (Class<? extends U>) this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the specified object, cast to this <code>Class</code>' type.
+   *
+   * @param obj the object to cast
+   * @throws ClassCastException  if obj is not an instance of this class
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public T cast(Object obj)
+  {
+    if (obj != null && ! isInstance(obj))
+      throw new ClassCastException();
+    return (T) obj;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Like <code>getField(String)</code> but without the security checks and
+   * returns null instead of throwing NoSuchFieldException.
+   */
+  private Field internalGetField(String name)
+  {
+    Field[] fields = getDeclaredFields(true);
+    for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++)
+      {
+        Field field = fields[i];
+        if (field.getName().equals(name))
+          return field;
+      }
+    Class[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
+    for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++)
+      {
+        Field field = interfaces[i].internalGetField(name);
+        if(field != null)
+          return field;
+      }
+    Class superClass = getSuperclass();
+    if (superClass != null)
+      return superClass.internalGetField(name);
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Strip the last portion of the name (after the last dot).
+   *
+   * @param name the name to get package of
+   * @return the package name, or "" if no package
+   */
+  private static String getPackagePortion(String name)
+  {
+    int lastInd = name.lastIndexOf('.');
+    if (lastInd == -1)
+      return "";
+    return name.substring(0, lastInd);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Perform security checks common to all of the methods that
+   * get members of this Class.
+   */
+  private void memberAccessCheck(int which)
+  {
+    SecurityManager sm = SecurityManager.current;
+    if (sm != null)
+      {
+        sm.checkMemberAccess(this, which);
+        Package pkg = getPackage();
+        if (pkg != null)
+          sm.checkPackageAccess(pkg.getName());
+      }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the enumeration constants of this class, or
+   * null if this class is not an <code>Enum</code>.
+   *
+   * @return an array of <code>Enum</code> constants
+   *         associated with this class, or null if this
+   *         class is not an <code>enum</code>.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public T[] getEnumConstants()
+  {
+    if (isEnum())
+      {
+        try
+          {
+            Method m = getMethod("values");
+            setAccessible(m);
+            return (T[]) m.invoke(null);
+          }
+        catch (NoSuchMethodException exception)
+          {
+            throw new Error("Enum lacks values() method");
+          }
+        catch (IllegalAccessException exception)
+          {
+            throw new Error("Unable to access Enum class");
+          }
+        catch (InvocationTargetException exception)
+          {
+            throw new
+              RuntimeException("The values method threw an exception",
+                               exception);
+          }
+      }
+    else
+      {
+        return null;
+      }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this class is an <code>Enum</code>.
+   *
+   * @return true if this is an enumeration class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public boolean isEnum()
+  {
+    int mod = VMClass.getModifiers (this, true);
+    return (mod & ENUM) != 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this class is a synthetic class, generated by
+   * the compiler.
+   *
+   * @return true if this is a synthetic class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public boolean isSynthetic()
+  {
+    int mod = VMClass.getModifiers (this, true);
+    return (mod & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this class is an <code>Annotation</code>.
+   *
+   * @return true if this is an annotation class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public boolean isAnnotation()
+  {
+    int mod = VMClass.getModifiers (this, true);
+    return (mod & ANNOTATION) != 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the simple name for this class, as used in the source
+   * code.  For normal classes, this is the content returned by
+   * <code>getName()</code> which follows the last ".".  Anonymous
+   * classes have no name, and so the result of calling this method is
+   * "".  The simple name of an array consists of the simple name of
+   * its component type, followed by "[]".  Thus, an array with the
+   * component type of an anonymous class has a simple name of simply
+   * "[]".
+   *
+   * @return the simple name for this class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public String getSimpleName()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getSimpleName(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns this class' annotation for the specified annotation type,
+   * or <code>null</code> if no such annotation exists.
+   *
+   * @param annotationClass the type of annotation to look for.
+   * @return this class' annotation for the specified type, or
+   *         <code>null</code> if no such annotation exists.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass)
+  {
+    A foundAnnotation = null;
+    Annotation[] annotations = getAnnotations();
+    for (Annotation annotation : annotations)
+      if (annotation.annotationType() == annotationClass)
+        foundAnnotation = (A) annotation;
+    return foundAnnotation;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns all annotations associated with this class.  If there are
+   * no annotations associated with this class, then a zero-length array
+   * will be returned.  The returned array may be modified by the client
+   * code, but this will have no effect on the annotation content of this
+   * class, and hence no effect on the return value of this method for
+   * future callers.
+   *
+   * @return this class' annotations.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public Annotation[] getAnnotations()
+  {
+    HashMap<Class, Annotation> map = new HashMap<Class, Annotation>();
+    for (Annotation a : getDeclaredAnnotations())
+      map.put((Class) a.annotationType(), a);
+    for (Class<? super T> s = getSuperclass();
+         s != null;
+         s = s.getSuperclass())
+      {
+        for (Annotation a : s.getDeclaredAnnotations())
+          {
+            Class k = (Class) a.annotationType();
+            if (! map.containsKey(k) && k.isAnnotationPresent(Inherited.class))
+              map.put(k, a);
+          }
+      }
+    Collection<Annotation> v = map.values();
+    return v.toArray(new Annotation[v.size()]);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * <p>
+   * Returns the canonical name of this class, as defined by section
+   * 6.7 of the Java language specification.  Each package, top-level class,
+   * top-level interface and primitive type has a canonical name.  A member
+   * class has a canonical name, if its parent class has one.  Likewise,
+   * an array type has a canonical name, if its component type does.
+   * Local or anonymous classes do not have canonical names.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * The canonical name for top-level classes, top-level interfaces and
+   * primitive types is always the same as the fully-qualified name.
+   * For array types, the canonical name is the canonical name of its
+   * component type with `[]' appended.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * The canonical name of a member class always refers to the place where
+   * the class was defined, and is composed of the canonical name of the
+   * defining class and the simple name of the member class, joined by `.'.
+   *  For example, if a <code>Person</code> class has an inner class,
+   * <code>M</code>, then both its fully-qualified name and canonical name
+   * is <code>Person.M</code>.  A subclass, <code>Staff</code>, of
+   * <code>Person</code> refers to the same inner class by the fully-qualified
+   * name of <code>Staff.M</code>, but its canonical name is still
+   * <code>Person.M</code>.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * Where no canonical name is present, <code>null</code> is returned.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * @return the canonical name of the class, or <code>null</code> if the
+   *         class doesn't have a canonical name.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public String getCanonicalName()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getCanonicalName(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns all annotations directly defined by this class.  If there are
+   * no annotations associated with this class, then a zero-length array
+   * will be returned.  The returned array may be modified by the client
+   * code, but this will have no effect on the annotation content of this
+   * class, and hence no effect on the return value of this method for
+   * future callers.
+   *
+   * @return the annotations directly defined by this class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getDeclaredAnnotations(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the class which immediately encloses this class.  If this class
+   * is a top-level class, this method returns <code>null</code>.
+   *
+   * @return the immediate enclosing class, or <code>null</code> if this is
+   *         a top-level class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public Class<?> getEnclosingClass()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getEnclosingClass(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the constructor which immediately encloses this class.  If
+   * this class is a top-level class, or a local or anonymous class
+   * immediately enclosed by a type definition, instance initializer
+   * or static initializer, then <code>null</code> is returned.
+   *
+   * @return the immediate enclosing constructor if this class is
+   *         declared within a constructor.  Otherwise, <code>null</code>
+   *         is returned.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getEnclosingConstructor(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the method which immediately encloses this class.  If
+   * this class is a top-level class, or a local or anonymous class
+   * immediately enclosed by a type definition, instance initializer
+   * or static initializer, then <code>null</code> is returned.
+   *
+   * @return the immediate enclosing method if this class is
+   *         declared within a method.  Otherwise, <code>null</code>
+   *         is returned.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public Method getEnclosingMethod()
+  {
+    return VMClass.getEnclosingMethod(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * <p>
+   * Returns an array of <code>Type</code> objects which represent the
+   * interfaces directly implemented by this class or extended by this
+   * interface.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * If one of the superinterfaces is a parameterized type, then the
+   * object returned for this interface reflects the actual type
+   * parameters used in the source code.  Type parameters are created
+   * using the semantics specified by the <code>ParameterizedType</code>
+   * interface, and only if an instance has not already been created.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * The order of the interfaces in the array matches the order in which
+   * the interfaces are declared.  For classes which represent an array,
+   * an array of two interfaces, <code>Cloneable</code> and
+   * <code>Serializable</code>, is always returned, with the objects in
+   * that order.  A class representing a primitive type or void always
+   * returns an array of zero size.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * @return an array of interfaces implemented or extended by this class.
+   * @throws GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic signature of one
+   *         of the interfaces does not comply with that specified by the Java
+   *         Virtual Machine specification, 3rd edition.
+   * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the superinterfaces refers
+   *         to a non-existant type.
+   * @throws MalformedParameterizedTypeException if any of the interfaces
+   *         refer to a parameterized type that can not be instantiated for
+   *         some reason.
+   * @since 1.5
+   * @see java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType
+   */
+  public Type[] getGenericInterfaces()
+  {
+    if (isPrimitive())
+      return new Type[0];
+
+    String sig = VMClass.getClassSignature(this);
+    if (sig == null)
+      return getInterfaces();
+
+    ClassSignatureParser p = new ClassSignatureParser(this, sig);
+    return p.getInterfaceTypes();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * <p>
+   * Returns a <code>Type</code> object representing the direct superclass,
+   * whether class, interface, primitive type or void, of this class.
+   * If this class is an array class, then a class instance representing
+   * the <code>Object</code> class is returned.  If this class is primitive,
+   * an interface, or a representation of either the <code>Object</code>
+   * class or void, then <code>null</code> is returned.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * If the superclass is a parameterized type, then the
+   * object returned for this interface reflects the actual type
+   * parameters used in the source code.  Type parameters are created
+   * using the semantics specified by the <code>ParameterizedType</code>
+   * interface, and only if an instance has not already been created.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * @return the superclass of this class.
+   * @throws GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic signature of the
+   *         class does not comply with that specified by the Java
+   *         Virtual Machine specification, 3rd edition.
+   * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the superclass refers
+   *         to a non-existant type.
+   * @throws MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the superclass
+   *         refers to a parameterized type that can not be instantiated for
+   *         some reason.
+   * @since 1.5
+   * @see java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType
+   */
+  public Type getGenericSuperclass()
+  {
+    if (isArray())
+      return Object.class;
+
+    if (isPrimitive() || isInterface() || this == Object.class)
+      return null;
+
+    String sig = VMClass.getClassSignature(this);
+    if (sig == null)
+      return getSuperclass();
+
+    ClassSignatureParser p = new ClassSignatureParser(this, sig);
+    return p.getSuperclassType();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns an array of <code>TypeVariable</code> objects that represents
+   * the type variables declared by this class, in declaration order.
+   * An array of size zero is returned if this class has no type
+   * variables.
+   *
+   * @return the type variables associated with this class.
+   * @throws GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic signature does
+   *         not conform to the format specified in the Virtual Machine
+   *         specification, version 3.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters()
+  {
+    String sig = VMClass.getClassSignature(this);
+    if (sig == null)
+      return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable[0];
+
+    ClassSignatureParser p = new ClassSignatureParser(this, sig);
+    return p.getTypeParameters();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if an annotation for the specified type is associated
+   * with this class.  This is primarily a short-hand for using marker
+   * annotations.
+   *
+   * @param annotationClass the type of annotation to look for.
+   * @return true if an annotation exists for the specified type.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class<? extends Annotation>
+                                     annotationClass)
+  {
+    return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this object represents an anonymous class.
+   *
+   * @return true if this object represents an anonymous class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public boolean isAnonymousClass()
+  {
+    return VMClass.isAnonymousClass(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this object represents an local class.
+   *
+   * @return true if this object represents an local class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public boolean isLocalClass()
+  {
+    return VMClass.isLocalClass(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this object represents an member class.
+   *
+   * @return true if this object represents an member class.
+   * @since 1.5
+   */
+  public boolean isMemberClass()
+  {
+    return VMClass.isMemberClass(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Utility method for use by classes in this package.
+   */
+  static void setAccessible(final AccessibleObject obj)
+  {
+    AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction()
+      {
+        public Object run()
+          {
+            obj.setAccessible(true);
+            return null;
+          }
+      });
+  }
+}