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| author | upstream source tree <ports@midipix.org> | 2015-03-15 20:14:05 -0400 |
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| committer | upstream source tree <ports@midipix.org> | 2015-03-15 20:14:05 -0400 |
| commit | 554fd8c5195424bdbcabf5de30fdc183aba391bd (patch) | |
| tree | 976dc5ab7fddf506dadce60ae936f43f58787092 /libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/bk01pt03ch18s03.html | |
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diff --git a/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/bk01pt03ch18s03.html b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/bk01pt03ch18s03.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b3a3db937 --- /dev/null +++ b/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/bk01pt03ch18s03.html @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><title>Using</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.76.1"/><meta name="keywords" content=" C++ , library , parallel "/><meta name="keywords" content=" ISO C++ , library "/><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library"/><link rel="up" href="parallel_mode.html" title="Chapter 18. Parallel Mode"/><link rel="prev" href="bk01pt03ch18s02.html" title="Semantics"/><link rel="next" href="bk01pt03ch18s04.html" title="Design"/></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Using</th></tr><tr><td align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="bk01pt03ch18s02.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 18. Parallel Mode</th><td align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="bk01pt03ch18s04.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr/></div><div class="section" title="Using"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="manual.ext.parallel_mode.using"/>Using</h2></div></div></div><div class="section" title="Prerequisite Compiler Flags"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="parallel_mode.using.prereq_flags"/>Prerequisite Compiler Flags</h3></div></div></div><p> + Any use of parallel functionality requires additional compiler + and runtime support, in particular support for OpenMP. Adding this support is + not difficult: just compile your application with the compiler + flag <code class="literal">-fopenmp</code>. This will link + in <code class="code">libgomp</code>, the GNU + OpenMP <a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libgomp">implementation</a>, + whose presence is mandatory. +</p><p> +In addition, hardware that supports atomic operations and a compiler + capable of producing atomic operations is mandatory: GCC defaults to no + support for atomic operations on some common hardware + architectures. Activating atomic operations may require explicit + compiler flags on some targets (like sparc and x86), such + as <code class="literal">-march=i686</code>, + <code class="literal">-march=native</code> or <code class="literal">-mcpu=v9</code>. See + the GCC manual for more information. +</p></div><div class="section" title="Using Parallel Mode"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="parallel_mode.using.parallel_mode"/>Using Parallel Mode</h3></div></div></div><p> + To use the libstdc++ parallel mode, compile your application with + the prerequisite flags as detailed above, and in addition + add <code class="constant">-D_GLIBCXX_PARALLEL</code>. This will convert all + use of the standard (sequential) algorithms to the appropriate parallel + equivalents. Please note that this doesn't necessarily mean that + everything will end up being executed in a parallel manner, but + rather that the heuristics and settings coded into the parallel + versions will be used to determine if all, some, or no algorithms + will be executed using parallel variants. +</p><p>Note that the <code class="constant">_GLIBCXX_PARALLEL</code> define may change the + sizes and behavior of standard class templates such as + <code class="function">std::search</code>, and therefore one can only link code + compiled with parallel mode and code compiled without parallel mode + if no instantiation of a container is passed between the two + translation units. Parallel mode functionality has distinct linkage, + and cannot be confused with normal mode symbols. +</p></div><div class="section" title="Using Specific Parallel Components"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="parallel_mode.using.specific"/>Using Specific Parallel Components</h3></div></div></div><p>When it is not feasible to recompile your entire application, or + only specific algorithms need to be parallel-aware, individual + parallel algorithms can be made available explicitly. These + parallel algorithms are functionally equivalent to the standard + drop-in algorithms used in parallel mode, but they are available in + a separate namespace as GNU extensions and may be used in programs + compiled with either release mode or with parallel mode. +</p><p>An example of using a parallel version +of <code class="function">std::sort</code>, but no other parallel algorithms, is: +</p><pre class="programlisting"> +#include <vector> +#include <parallel/algorithm> + +int main() +{ + std::vector<int> v(100); + + // ... + + // Explicitly force a call to parallel sort. + __gnu_parallel::sort(v.begin(), v.end()); + return 0; +} +</pre><p> +Then compile this code with the prerequisite compiler flags +(<code class="literal">-fopenmp</code> and any necessary architecture-specific +flags for atomic operations.) +</p><p> The following table provides the names and headers of all the + parallel algorithms that can be used in a similar manner: +</p><div class="table"><a id="id484380"/><p class="title"><strong>Table 18.1. Parallel Algorithms</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Parallel Algorithms" border="1"><colgroup><col style="text-align: left" class="c1"/><col style="text-align: left" class="c2"/><col style="text-align: left" class="c3"/><col style="text-align: left" class="c4"/></colgroup><thead><tr><th style="text-align: left">Algorithm</th><th style="text-align: left">Header</th><th style="text-align: left">Parallel algorithm</th><th style="text-align: left">Parallel header</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::accumulate</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">numeric</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::accumulate</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/numeric</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::adjacent_difference</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">numeric</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::adjacent_difference</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/numeric</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::inner_product</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">numeric</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::inner_product</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/numeric</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::partial_sum</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">numeric</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::partial_sum</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/numeric</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::adjacent_find</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::adjacent_find</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::count</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::count</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::count_if</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::count_if</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::equal</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::equal</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::find</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::find</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::find_if</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::find_if</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::find_first_of</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::find_first_of</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::for_each</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::for_each</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::generate</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::generate</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::generate_n</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::generate_n</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::lexicographical_compare</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::lexicographical_compare</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::mismatch</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::mismatch</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::search</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::search</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::search_n</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::search_n</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::transform</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::transform</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::replace</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::replace</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::replace_if</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::replace_if</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::max_element</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::max_element</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::merge</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::merge</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::min_element</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::min_element</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::nth_element</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::nth_element</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::partial_sort</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::partial_sort</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::partition</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::partition</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::random_shuffle</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::random_shuffle</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::set_union</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::set_union</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::set_intersection</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::set_intersection</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::set_symmetric_difference</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::set_symmetric_difference</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::set_difference</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::set_difference</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::sort</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::sort</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::stable_sort</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::stable_sort</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">std::unique_copy</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">algorithm</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="function">__gnu_parallel::unique_copy</code></td><td style="text-align: left"><code class="filename">parallel/algorithm</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break"/></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr/><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="bk01pt03ch18s02.html">Prev</a> </td><td align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="parallel_mode.html">Up</a></td><td align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="bk01pt03ch18s04.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">Semantics </td><td align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../spine.html">Home</a></td><td align="right" valign="top"> Design</td></tr></table></div></body></html> |