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diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/bounds_check_strlen_6.f90 b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/bounds_check_strlen_6.f90
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index 000000000..550cca843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/bounds_check_strlen_6.f90
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+! { dg-do run }
+! { dg-options "-fbounds-check" }
+
+! PR fortran/37746
+! Ensure that too long or matching string lengths don't trigger the runtime
+! error for matching string lengths, if the dummy argument is neither
+! POINTER nor ALLOCATABLE or assumed-shape.
+! Also check that absent OPTIONAL arguments don't trigger the check.
+
+MODULE m
+CONTAINS
+
+  SUBROUTINE test (str, opt)
+    IMPLICIT NONE
+    CHARACTER(len=5) :: str
+    CHARACTER(len=5), OPTIONAL :: opt
+  END SUBROUTINE test
+
+END MODULE m
+
+PROGRAM main
+  USE m
+  IMPLICIT NONE
+  CALL test ('abcde')  ! String length matches.
+  CALL test ('abcdef') ! String too long, is ok.
+END PROGRAM main
+
+! { dg-final { cleanup-modules "m" } }