summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffhomepage
path: root/etc
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorLucía Andrea Illanes Albornoz <lucia@luciaillanes.de>2024-01-13 21:12:04 +0100
committerLucía Andrea Illanes Albornoz <lucia@luciaillanes.de>2024-01-13 21:12:04 +0100
commitfe49bc4a1051d21df88c1c02fc67b680554ba697 (patch)
tree970ead0cea2625c47dcbddd5235c275b3b56003b /etc
parent096397828933ffcdbe8f98f393f29dd78c5b5b8e (diff)
downloadmidipix_build-fe49bc4a1051d21df88c1c02fc67b680554ba697.tar.bz2
midipix_build-fe49bc4a1051d21df88c1c02fc67b680554ba697.tar.xz
etc/README.md: converted to UNIX fileformat.
Diffstat (limited to 'etc')
-rw-r--r--etc/README.md2130
1 files changed, 1065 insertions, 1065 deletions
diff --git a/etc/README.md b/etc/README.md
index 7a3d69a8..e6a92e25 100644
--- a/etc/README.md
+++ b/etc/README.md
@@ -1,1065 +1,1065 @@
-> N.B. If you're interested in building Midipix using this script, please join
-the project's IRC channel #midipix on Libera and ask for the address of the
-internal repositories required in order to build Midipix.
-
-> N.B. Due to the present state of the (largely) automated package upstream
-updates integration script and, despite frequent contributions, lack of
-human resources, it bears mentioning that the 3rd party packages built
-and distributed by this script are often not up to date with their resp.
-upstream and *may* hence be **insecure**. It is advised that this be taken
-into account when deploying and using Midipix distributions.
-
-[//]: # "{{{ Table of contents"
-# Table of Contents
-
-1. [What is Midipix, and how is it different?](#1-what-is-midipix-and-how-is-it-different)
-2. [Building and deployment](#2-building-and-deployment)
- 2.1. [Building, installing, and using a Midipix distribution](#21-building-installing-and-using-a-midipix-distribution)
- 2.1.1. [Build-time dependencies](#211-build-time-dependencies)
- 2.1.1.1. [Alpine-specific notate bene](#2111-alpine-specific-notate-bene)
- 2.2. [Deployment](#22-deployment)
- 2.3. [System requirements](#23-system-requirements)
- 2.4. [Troubleshooting](#24-troubleshooting)
-3. [Common concepts and tasks / FAQ](#3-common-concepts-and-tasks-faq)
- 3.1. [Common tasks](#31-common-tasks)
- 3.2. [Adding a package](#32-adding-a-package)
- 3.3. [Addressing build failure](#33-addressing-build-failure)
- 3.4. [Package archive files and Git repositories](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories)
- 3.5. [Patches and ``vars`` files](#35-patches-and-vars-files)
-4. [Reference](#4-reference)
- 4.1. [Build steps](#41-build-steps)
- 4.2. [Build variables](#42-build-variables)
- 4.3. [File installation DSL](#43-file-installation-dsl)
- 4.4. [Package variables](#44-package-variables)
- 4.4.1. [Package variable types](#441-package-variable-types)
- 4.4.2. [Package variables](#442-package-variables)
- 4.5. [Fault-tolerant & highly optimised 3D laser show-equipped usage screen](#45-fault-tolerant--highly-optimised-3d-laser-show-equipped-usage-screen)
- 4.6. [``pkgtool.sh``](#46-pkgtoolsh)
- 4.7. [Bourne shell coding rules](#47-bourne-shell-coding-rules)
-5. [References](#5-references)
-
-[//]: "}}}"
-
-[//]: # "{{{ 1. What is Midipix, and how is it different?"
-## 1. What is Midipix, and how is it different?
-
-midipix is a development environment that lets you create programs
-for Windows using the standard C and POSIX APIs. No compromises made,
-no shortcuts taken.
-
-If you are interested in cross-platform programming that reclaims
-the notion of write once, compile everywhere; if you believe that the
-'standard' in the C Standard Library should not be a null signifier;
-and if you like cooking your code without #ifdef hell and low-level
-minutiae, then this page is for you.
-
-midipix makes cross-platform programming better, simpler and faster,
-specifically by bringing a modern, conforming C Runtime Library to the
-Windows platform. While the idea itself is not new, the approach taken
-in midipix to code portability is radically different from that found
-in other projects.
-
-*(reproduced from &lbrack;[2](https://midipix.org/#sec-midipix)&rbrack;)*
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: "}}}"
-
-[//]: # "{{{ 2. Building and deployment"
-## 2. Building and deployment
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 2.1. Building, installing, and using a Midipix distribution"
-### 2.1. Building, installing and using a Midipix distribution
-
-A Midipix distribution consists of the following:
-
-* the native Midipix toolchain, consisting of perk, gcc, its dependencies,
- and binutils,
-* musl, a lightweight, fast, simple, and free libc&lbrack;[1](https://www.musl-libc.org/faq.html)&rbrack; used by Midipix,
-* the Midipix runtime components that bridge the gap between the libc and the
- executive subsystems of all Windows NT-derived Windows OS starting with and
- including Windows XP, and
-* a steadily increasing number of 3rd party open source packages, as expected in
- any modern POSIX-compliant \*nix environment, including GNU coreutils, shells,
- libraries such as ncurses, libressl, as well as Perl and Python.
-
-Install the build-time dependencies listed in section [2.1.1](#211-build-time-dependencies),
-clone this repository (e.g. ``git clone https://dev.midipix.org/build/midipix_build``)
-and run the following command line:
-
-```shell
-./build.sh -a nt64 -b release -D zipdist -P -v
-```
-
-By default, the build will take place within ``${HOME}/midipix/nt64/release``
-and package archive files and/or Git repositores will be downloaded into
-``${HOME}/midipix/dlcache``. Consult sections [4.2](#42-build-variables) and
-[4.4](#44-package-variables) for the list of available build/package variables
-and how to override them.
-Parallelisation is enabled by the above command line for both packages that can
-be built independently of each other and ``make(1)`` via ``-j``, limited to the
-amount of logical processors on the build host divided by two (2).
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 2.1.1. Build-time dependencies"
-### 2.1.1. Build-time dependencies
-
-* **Alpine Linux**:
- binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils g++ gawk gcc git grep gzip libc-dev linux-headers lzip m4 make musl-dev net-tools patch perl perl-xml-parser procps sed tar util-linux util-linux-dev wget xz zip
-* **Arch Linux**:
- binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils gawk gcc git grep gzip lzip m4 make net-tools patch perl perl-xml-parser procps-ng sed tar util-linux util-linux-libs wget xz zip
-* **Debian/-derived Linux**:
- binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils g++ gawk gcc git grep gzip hostname libc6-dev libxml-parser-perl lzip m4 make patch perl procps sed tar util-linux uuid-dev wget xz-utils zip
-* **Gentoo Linux**:
- binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils gawk =gcc-7.5.0-r1 dev-vcs/git grep gzip lzip m4 make patch perl dev-perl/XML-Parser procps sed tar util-linux libuuid wget xz-utils zip
-* **OpenSUSE Linux**:
- binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils gawk gcc gcc-c++ git grep gzip hostname linux-glibc-devel lzip m4 make patch perl perl-XML-Parser procps sed tar util-linux libuuid1 wget xz zip
-
-#### The distro matrix:
-
-| Alpine Linux: | Arch Linux: | Debian/-derived Linux: | Gentoo Linux: | OpenSUSE Linux: |
-| --------------- | ------------------ | -------------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------- |
-| binutils | binutils | binutils | binutils | binutils |
-| bison | bison | bison | bison | bison |
-| bzip2 | bzip2 | bzip2 | bzip2 | bzip2 |
-| cmake | cmake | cmake | cmake | cmake |
-| coreutils | coreutils | coreutils | coreutils | coreutils |
-| curl | curl | curl | curl | curl |
-| findutils | findutils | findutils | findutils | findutils |
-| g++ | - | g++ | - | gcc-c++ |
-| gawk | gawk | gawk | gawk | gawk |
-| gcc | gcc | gcc | =gcc-7.5.0-r1 | gcc |
-| git | git | git | dev-vcs/git | git |
-| grep | grep | grep | grep | grep |
-| gzip | gzip | gzip | gzip | gzip |
-| - | - | hostname | - | hostname |
-| libc-dev | - | libc6-dev | - | linux-glibc-devel |
-| linux-headers | - | - | - | - |
-| lzip | lzip | lzip | lzip | lzip |
-| m4 | m4 | m4 | m4 | m4 |
-| make | make | make | make | make |
-| musl-dev | - | - | - | - |
-| net-tools | net-tools | - | - | - |
-| patch | patch | patch | patch | patch |
-| perl | perl | perl | perl | perl |
-| perl-xml-parser | perl-xml-parser | libxml-parser-perl | dev-perl/XML-Parser | perl-XML-Parser |
-| procps | procps-ng | procps | procps | procps |
-| sed | sed | sed | sed | sed |
-| tar | tar | tar | tar | tar |
-| util-linux | util-linux | util-linux | util-linux | util-linux |
-| util-linux-dev | util-linux-libs | uuid-dev | libuuid | libuuid1 |
-| - | vi | - | - | - |
-| wget | wget | wget | wget | wget |
-| xz | xz | xz-utils | xz-utils | xz |
-| zip | zip | zip | zip | zip |
-
-> N.B. Busybox is not supported. Awk implementations other than GNU Awk are not supported.
-
-> N.B. clang is not supported.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 2.1.1.1. Alpine-specific notate bene"
-#### 2.1.1.1. Alpine-specific notate bene
-
-Some packages (*coreutils*, *grep*, and *tar*, among others) override Alpine's
-BusyBox utilities of the same name, as the latter are either non-conformant or
-defective.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 2.2. Deployment"
-### 2.2. Deployment
-
-On successful completion of the build, a ZIP archive containing the Midipix
-distribution will be created inside ``${PREFIX}`` (see section [4.2](#42-build-variables).)
-Create a directory on the target machine and extract the contents of the distribution
-ZIP archive into it, run ``bash.bat``, and then ``/install.sh`` inside the resulting
-self-contained Midipix installation shell window.
-
-Make sure to consult the notate bene below:
-
-> N.B. The pathname of the target directory containing ``bash.bat`` and all other
-distribution files must not contain whitespaces.
-
-> N.B. The Midipix installer defaults to ``/dev/fs/c/midipix (C:\midipix)``. If left
-unchanged, the distribution ZIP archive must not be extracted into a directory of the
-same pathname.
-
-> N.B. The user installing and using Midipix must have been delegated the ``SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege``
-("Create symbolic links") privilege&lbrack;[3](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/security-policy-settings/user-rights-assignment)&rbrack; and additionally be a non-administrator account
-owing to the UAC-related filtering policy of tokens introduced by Windows Vista&lbrack;[4](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/articles/bb530410%28v%3dmsdn%2e10%29)&rbrack;.
-
-> N.B. On Windows 10 and 11, Windows Defender as well as SmartScreen must be disabled.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 2.3. System requirements"
-### 2.3. System requirements
-
-The following build-time system requirements are assessed on build hosts
-equipped with the following hardware at minimum:
-
-* Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU W3520 @ 2.67GHz (8 cores)
-* 7200 RPM SATA 3.1 HDD
-* 6 GB RAM
-
-| Target architecture | Build kind | Distribution kinds selected | Average build time | Disk space required | Peak RAM usage |
-| ------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------- | -------------- |
-| nt64 | debug | (none) | 2 hours | 57.62 GB | 3.55 GB |
-| nt64 | release | (none) | 1 hours 45 minutes | 36.51 GB | 3.21 GB |
-
-Package archive files and/or Git repositories additionally consume at least
-1.82 GB.
-
-*(last update: Thu, 05 Mar 2020 09:25:41 +0000)*
-
-These are the Midipix distribution disk space system requirements:
-
-| Target architecture | Build kind | Distribution | Installation directory | Archive file |
-| ------------------- | ---------- | ------------ | ---------------------- | ------------ |
-| nt64 | debug | 7.3 GB | 2.3 GB | 2.1 GB |
-| nt64 | release | 3.2 GB | 913 MB | 830 MB |
-
-The installation directory and archive file may be safely deleted post-installation.
-
-*(last update: Thu, 07 Jan 2021 18:20:06 +0000)*
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 2.4. Troubleshooting"
-### 2.4. Troubleshooting
-
-Midipix presently provides, inter alia, strace-like functionality via
-ntctty's logging capabilities. This is available both through the regular
-``strace(1)`` command as distributed, which however **must** be provided
-with an absolute pathname without consideration for ``${PATH}``, as well
-as directly via ``ntctty.exe`` for a session by running ``ntctty.exe``
-with the ``--log-level 7`` option, e.g.:
-
-```shell
-$ #strace ls -la / # (incorrect, relative pathname)
-$ strace /bin/ls -la / # (correct, absolute pathname)
-$ ntctty.exe --log-level 7 -e /bin/ls -la /
-$ ntctty.exe --log-level=7 -e /bin/ls -la /
-$ ntctty.exe --log-level 7 -e /bin/sh -c "ls -la /"
-$ ntctty.exe --log-level=7 -e /bin/sh -c "ls -la /"
-```
-
-By default, ``ntctty.exe`` log files are written into the /var/log/ntctty
-directory; this may be adjusted with the ``--log-dir`` and/or
-``--log-file`` options. ``strace(1)`` logs to stderr by default.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-
-[//]: # "{{{ 3. Common concepts and tasks"
-## 3. Common concepts and tasks
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 3.1. Common tasks"
-### 3.1. Common tasks
-
-Rebuild set of packages in isolation:
-```shell
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r mc,zsh
-```
-
-Restart the ``@install`` (shorthand alias) step, with implicit ``finish``, of the
-``mc`` and ``zsh`` packages.
-```shell
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r mc,zsh:@install
-```
-
-Rebuild set of packages along w/ their dependencies, if any, as needed, or forcibly,
-respectively:
-```shell
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r \*mc,zsh
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r \*\*mc,zsh
-```
-
-Forcibly rebuild all reverse dependencies of a set of packages:
-```shell
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r \*\*\*glib,libflac
-```
-
-Restart the ``@configure``, ``@build``, and ``@install`` (shorthand alias) steps of the
-``coreutils`` package:
-```shell
-./build.sh -r coreutils:@configure,@build,@install
-```
-
-Rebuild entire build groups including or excluding group dependencies, respectively:
-```shell
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r ALL native_runtime
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r ALL =native_runtime
-```
-
-Forcibly (re)download all archive files and/or Git repositories associated with all packages:
-```shell
-./build.sh [ ... ] -r ALL:@fetch
-```
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 3.2. Adding a package"
-## 3.2. Adding a package
-
-Packages are grouped into *build groups* according to sets of common package
-variable defaults, such as ``${PKG_CFLAGS_CONFIGURE}, ${PKG_LDFLAGS_CONFIGURE}``
-and ``${PKG_CONFIGURE_ARGS}``, and semantic interrelatedness, such as the
-``native_runtime`` build group comprising the Midipix runtime components.
-Packages may belong to more than one build group such as when subsumed by a shorthand
-build group e.g. the ``dev_packages`` build group, as long as the default set of build
-groups or as overriden on the command line does not entail group membership conflicts.
-
-Build groups files beneath ``groups.d/`` named ``[0-9][0-9][0-9].<group name>.group``
-contain package variable defaults, the alphabetically sorted list of contained
-packages in ``<upper case group name>_PACKAGES``, and their package variables
-sorted alphabetically with the exception of ``${PKG_DEPENDS}`` (if present,)
-``${PKG_SHA256SUM}``, ``${PKG_URL}``, and ``${PKG_VERSION}``, and/or ``${PKG_URLS_GIT}``,
-which are specified in this order.
-
-Pick a build group according to the criteria mentioned, add the package to the
-build group's list of contained packages in its corresponding file, and add the
-set of package variables required (see above and section [4.4](#44-package-variables).)
-Consult section [3.5](#35-patches-and-vars-files) if the package to be added
-requires patches or additional code amending or replacing package build steps
-or the entire package build. Consult section [4.1](#41-build-steps) for a list
-of package build steps and how they are overriden.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 3.3. Addressing build failure"
-## 3.3. Addressing build failure
-
-During package build, standard error and output are redirected into a log file beneath
-``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` named ``${PKG_NAME}_stderrout.log``, following a package variable
-dump. If ``-V build`` was specified, package logs will additionally be printed to standard
-output. If ``-V xtrace`` was specified, ``xtrace`` will be set during package builds for
-rudimentary debugging purposes. Additionally, packages using GNU autotools will, if
-package configuration failed or appears relevant, log the configuration process in detail
-in, most usually, ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}/config.log``.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 3.4. Package archive files and Git repositories"
-### 3.4. Package archive files and Git repositories
-
-Packages may have either or both of a SHA-256 message digest checked and to be extracted tarball
-(set in ``${PKG_URL}``, ``${PKG_FNAME}``, and ``${PKG_SHA256SUM}``) and/or Git repository or set
-thereof (set in ``${PKG_URLS_GIT}``.) Complementing these, an implicitly inferred or, in the
-presence of both, explicit primary source directory is specified for each package in ``${PKG_SUBDIR}``.
-Furthermore, these may be subject to download caching and/or setting up as well as maintaining
-mirrors, including automatic cleanup as well as deduplication in both cases.
-
-A list of pertinent package variables and their formats follows:
-
-| Name | Format |
-| -------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
-| PKG_FNAME | ``<single file name>`` |
-| PKG_SHA256SUM | ``<SHA-256 message digest>`` |
-| PKG_SUBDIR | ``<relative or single directory name>`` |
-| PKG_URL | ``scheme:[//authority]path[?query][#fragment]`` |
-| PKG_URLS_GIT | ``[subdir=]URL[@branch]`` |
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 3.5. Patches and ``vars`` files"
-## 3.5. Patches and ``vars`` files
-
-Package patches are applied prior and/or subsequent to (GNU autotools or similar) package
-configuration during the ``configure_patch_pre`` and/or ``configure_patch`` build steps,
-respectively (see section [4.1](#41-build-steps).) Patch files are searched for beneath
-``patches/`` with the following globs and in-order:
-* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}_pre.local.patch``
- or ``${PKG_NAME}_pre.local.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
-* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}_pre.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch``
- or ``${PKG_NAME}_pre.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
-* ``${PKG_NAME}/*.patch``
-* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}.local.patch``
- or ``${PKG_NAME}.local.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
-* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch``
- or ``${PKG_NAME}.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
-* ``${PKG_PATCHES_EXTRA}`` (if set)
-
-If the default set of package build steps does not suffice, such as if additional commands
-must be executed after package configuration or prior to building, or if an entire or all
-build step must be replaced, overrides may be specified in the form of functions in the
-package's ``vars/${PKG_NAME}.vars`` as well as ``vars.<group name>/${PKG_NAME}.vars``
-``vars`` file(s). Consult section [4.1](#41-build-steps) for a list of package build steps
-and how they are overriden.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-
-[//]: # "{{{ 4. Reference"
-## 4. Reference
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.1. Build steps"
-## 4.1. Build steps
-
-Package builds are divided up into consecutively executed build steps until
-completion or aborted on failure unless relaxed mode is enabled by passing
-``-R``.
-
-Each build step corresponds to a function in the corresponding ``subr/pkg_*.subr``
-script and may be overriden entirely by a function named ``pkg_<package name>_<build step>()``
-or composed in terms of prior and/or subsequent execution by a function named
-``pkg_<package name>_<build step>_pre()`` and/or ``pkg_<package name>_<build step>_post()``,
-respectively, in the package's ``vars`` file. If a function named ``pkg_<package name>_all()``
-exists, it will override all build steps.
-
-Build step functions receive the following arguments in the order specified:
-
-| Name | Description |
-| ------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
-| \_group\_name | Package name |
-| \_pkg\_name | Group name |
-| \_restart\_at | Optional list of build steps to restart package build at |
-
-Build step status is tracked on a per-package basis by state files beneath
-``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` following the format ``.<package name>.<build step>``;
-package build completion corresponds to the pseudo-build step ``finish``.
-
-| Name | Description |
-| ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| fetch_clean | Delete and create ``${PKG_SUBDIR}`` |
-| fetch_download | Download package archive & verify w/ SHA-256 message digest and/or clone Git repository/ies |
-| fetch_extract | Extract package archive, if any |
-| configure_clean | Delete and create ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}`` |
-| configure_patch_pre | Apply ``chainport`` patches and/or patches beneath ``patches/`` prior to (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| configure_autotools | Bootstrap (GNU autools or similar) environment, and install ``config.sub`` and ``config.cache`` |
-| configure_patch | Apply patches beneath ``patches/`` and/or set in ``${PKG_PATCHES_EXTRA}`` after (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| configure | Perform package (GNU autools or similar or CMake) configuration w/ configuration-time set of environment variables |
-| build_clean | Clean ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}`` w/ ``make clean`` invocation |
-| build | Call ``make(1)`` w/ build-time set of make variables |
-| install_clean | Delete and create ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` |
-| install_subdirs | Create default directory hierarchy in ``${PKG_DESTDIR}``, optionally amended w/ ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR_EXTRA}`` |
-| install_make | Call ``make(1)`` w/ ``${PKG_INSTALL_TARGET}`` (defaults to ``install``) and installation-time set of make variables |
-| install_files | Install ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES}`` and/or ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}``, fix directory and file mode bits within ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` and optionally ``${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST}``, ``pkgconf(1)`` package files, and/or stripped binaries within ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` |
-| | Purge libtool ``.la`` files and install shared objects within ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` w/ ``perk`` and corresponding symbolic links |
-| install | Install into ``${PKG_PREFIX}``, and optionally ``${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST}`` into ``${PREFIX}``, under mutex, and add package to ``${PREFIX}/pkglist.${PKG_BUILD_TYPE}`` (unless inhibited) |
-| install_rpm | Build package RPM w/ auto-generated specifiation file based on ``etc/package.spec`` beneath ``${PREFIX_RPM}`` |
-| clean | Clean ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}`` and/or ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` and/or ``${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST}`` and/or ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_SUBDIR}`` as per ``-C build,dest,src``, resp., if any |
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.2. Build variables"
-## 4.2. Build variables
-
-The following variables are primarily defined in ``vars.env.d/*.env`` and may be
-overriden on a per-build basis on the command-line, the environment, and/or
-``${HOME}/midipix_build.vars``, ``${HOME}/.midipix_build.vars``, and/or
-``../midipix_build.vars``, e.g.:
-
-```shell
-./build.sh -a nt64 -b release -D minipix,zipdist -P -v PREFIX_ROOT="${HOME}/midipix_tmp"
-env ARCH=nt64 BUILD_KIND=release PREFIX_ROOT="${HOME}/midipix_tmp" ./build.sh -D minipix,zipdist -P -v
-```
-
-| Variable name | Default value | Description |
-| ---------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| ARCH | nt64 | Target 32-bit (nt32) or 64-bit (nt64) architecture |
-| BUILD_DLCACHEDIR | ${PREFIX_ROOT}/dlcache | Absolute pathname to package downloads cache root directory |
-| BUILD_HNAME | $(hostname) | Build system hostname |
-| BUILD_KIND | debug | Build w/ debugging (debug) or release compiler flags |
-| BUILD_WORKDIR | ${PREFIX}/tmp | Absolute pathname to temporary package build root directory |
-| PREFIX | ${PREFIX_ROOT}/${ARCH}/${BUILD_KIND} | Absolute pathname to architecture- & build type-specific build root directory |
-| PREFIX_CROSS | ${PREFIX}/${DEFAULT_TARGET} | Absolute pathname to toolchain root directory |
-| PREFIX_MINGW32 | ${PREFIX}/x86_64-w64-mingw32 | Absolute pathname to MinGW toolchain root directory |
-| PREFIX_MINIPIX | ${PREFIX}/minipix | Absolute pathname to minipix distribution root directory |
-| PREFIX_NATIVE | ${PREFIX}/native | Absolute pathname to cross-compiled packages root directory |
-| PREFIX_ROOT | ${HOME}/midipix | Absolute pathname to top-level directory |
-| PREFIX_RPM | ${PREFIX}/rpm | Absolute pathname to package RPM archive root directory |
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.3. File installation DSL"
-## 4.3. File installation DSL
-
-File and directory installation, comprising e.g. copying, moving, creating
-symbolic links, setting owner and/or permission metadata, are expressed in
-a descriptive domain-specific language and integrated with package building
-via the package variable ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}``, applying during
-``install_files`` after the ``install_make`` build step, and ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR}``
-and ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR_EXTRA}`` during ``install_subdirs``. The
-``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}`` must adhere to the following syntax specified in EBNF:
-
-```
-(*
-SH_GLOB_PATTERN = any valid portable shell pattern (see sh(1)); superset of PATHNAME
-SH_SUBSTRING_PATTERN = any valid portable substring processing shell pattern (see sh(1));
- superset of PATHNAME
-PARAMETER = any valid portable shell variable name except that [0-9] may occur
- the beginning
-PATHNAME = any valid filename, directory name, relative or absolute pathname
- excluding the characters NUL and NL
- *)
-
-spec = { op_flag, } op_unary, "=", op_spec, "\n", { spec } ;
- | { op_flag, } op_binary, op_spec, "=" op_spec, "\n", { spec } ;
- | "#" COMMENT ;
-op_unary = "-" | "/" | "t" ;
-op_binary = ":" | "!" | "@" | "+" | "g" | "m" | "o" | "T" ;
-op_flag = "?" ;
-op_spec = pattern_spec | PATHNAME | expr_spec | op_spec ;
-
-pattern_spec = "%<", SH_GLOB_PATTERN, ">" ;
-
-expr_spec = "%[", expr, { sexpr_spec }, "%]" ;
-expr = [ "@" ], "0" .. "9" | "DNAME" | "FNAME" | "ITEM" | PARAMETER ;
-
-sexpr_spec = sexpr_op_unary, SH_SUBSTRING_PATTERN, { sexpr } ;
-sexpr_op_unary = "##" | "#" | "%%" | "%" ;
-```
-
-Single ``"="`` characters in ``spec``, the ``"%<"`` and ``"%["`` character
-sequences in ``pattern_spec`` and ``expr_spec``, resp., and the ``sexpr_op_unary``
-as well as ``sexpr_op_binary`` characters or character sequences may be
-escaped with a single backslash (``"\"``.) ``SH_SUBSTRING_PATTERN`` differs
-from ``SH_GLOB_PATTERN`` solely in that any of ``sexpr_op_unary`` and
-``sexpr_op_binary`` occuring at the beginning of or in the former must
-be escaped with a single backslash (``"\"``,) e.g. ``"#\#pattern"`` and
-``"%\%pattern"``, etc. and ``"#pat\%ern"`` and ``%patt\#ern", etc., resp.
-
-Named parameters (``PARAMETER``) are supplied via the ``-p name=value``
-argument to ``rtl_install()``, whereas numbered parameters are for
-internal usage only; the ``"DNAME"``, ``"FNAME"``, and ``"ITEM"`` parameters
-lazily evaluate to the directory name, file (aka base) name, and full
-pathname of the current item being processed relative to a specification
-with a pattern in it.
-
-The following parameters are defined by default during ``install_files``:
-
-| Name | Value |
-| ------------- | -------------------------------------- |
-| _builddir | ${PKG_BUILD_DIR} |
-| _destdir | ${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_DESTDIR} |
-| _destdir_host | ${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST} |
-| _files | ${MIDIPIX_BUILD_PWD}/files/${PKG_NAME} |
-| _name | ${PKG_NAME} |
-| _prefix | ${PKG_PREFIX} |
-| _prefix_host | ${PREFIX} |
-| _prefix_native | ${PREFIX_NATIVE} |
-| _subdir | ${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_SUBDIR} |
-| _target | ${PKG_TARGET} |
-| _version | ${PKG_VERSION:-} |
-| _workdir | ${BUILD_WORKDIR} |
-
-The following operation flags are defined:
-
-| Flag | Description |
-| --------- | ------------------------ |
-| ``?`` | Continue on soft failure |
-
-The following operations are defined:
-
-| Operation | Arity | Description |
-| -------------- | ------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| ``-`` | Unary | Remove directories and/or files |
-| ``/`` | Unary | Create directories or trees thereof |
-| ``t`` | Unary | touch(1) files and/or directories |
-| ``:`` | Binary | Copy directories and/or files |
-| ``!`` | Binary | Move/rename directories and/or files |
-| ``@`` | Binary | Create/update symbolic links |
-| ``+`` | Binary | Copy directories and/or files if newer and follow symbolic links |
-| ``g`` | Binary | Set group owner of files and/or directories |
-| ``m`` | Binary | Set mode bits of files and/or directories |
-| ``o`` | Binary | Set user and/or group owner of files and/or directories |
-| ``T`` | Binary | touch(1) files and/or directories with timestamp |
-
-The following expression modifiers are defined:
-
-| Modifier | Description |
-| -------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
-| ``@`` | Recursively reevaluate after substituting |
-
-The following subexpression operators are defined:
-
-| Operation | Arity | Description |
-| -------------- | ------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| ``##`` | Unary | Remove largest prefix from left-hand side |
-| ``#`` | Unary | Remove prefix from left-hand side |
-| ``%%`` | Unary | Remove largest postfix from right-hand side |
-| ``%`` | Unary | Remove postfix from right-hand side |
-
-```shell
-#
-# Examples:
-#
-
-#
-# Create directory %[_minipix]/bin and copy all files
-# in %[_minipix_dist]/bin/ to %[_minipix]/bin/ with
-# identical file names.
-/=%[_minipix]/bin
-?%[_minipix_dist]/bin/%<*>=%[_minipix]/bin/%[FNAME]
-
-#
-# Rename all files in share/info/ matching *.info to
-# their filenames with the `.info' postfix removed and
-# `-2.64.info' appended and all files in share/man/man1/
-# matching *.1 with the `.1' postfix removed and -2.64.1
-# appended.
-!share/info/%<*.info>=share/info/%[FNAME%.info]-2.64.info
-!share/man/man1/%<*.1>=share/man/man1/%[FNAME%.1]-2.64.1
-
-#
-# Create/update symbolic links named include/ffi.h and
-# include/ffitarget.h with ../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffi.h
-# and ../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffitarget.h as targets, resp.
-@../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffi.h=include/ffi.h
-@../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffitarget.h=include/ffitarget.h
-
-#
-# Manual invocation:
-PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2="
- [ ... ]
-";
-rtl_install \
- -p "_builddir=${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_BUILD_DIR}" \
- -p "_minipix=${PREFIX_MINIPIX##*/}" \
- -p "_minipix_dist=${PREFIX}/minipix_dist" \
- -p "_native=${PREFIX_NATIVE##*/}" \
- -p "_subdir=${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_SUBDIR}" \
- -p "_target=${PKG_TARGET}" \
- -n -- "${PREFIX}" \
- "${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}"; then
- return 1;
-fi;
-
-#
-# Usage screen:
-usage: rtl_install [-i] [-I ifs] [-n] [-p name=val] [-v] prefix spec_list
- -i...........: continue on soft errors
- -I ifs.......: process spec_list with ifs instead of NL
- -n...........: perform dry run
- -p name=val..: set named parameter
- -v...........: increase verbosity
- prefix.......: pathname prefix
- spec_list....: ifs-separated list of specs
-```
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.4. Package variables"
-### 4.4. Package variables
-
-The following variables are package-specific and receive their value from either
-top-level defaults defined in ``vars.env.d/*.env``, build group-specific defaults from the
-build group the package pertains to and defined in its corresponding file beneath
-``groups.d/``, or package-specific overrides defined either in the latter and/or in its
-corresponding file beneath ``vars/``, with one of the following prefixes:
-
-| Variable name prefix |
-| ------------------------------------------------- |
-| DEFAULT |
-| DEFAULT_``${BUILD_TYPE}`` |
-| DEFAULT_``${GROUP_NAME}`` |
-| ``${GROUP_NAME}`` |
-| [PKG_``${RELATED_PACKAGE(S)}``] |
-| [PKG_``${RELATED_PACKAGE(S)}``_``${BUILD_KIND}``] |
-| PKG_``${NAME}`` |
-| PKG_``${NAME}``_``${BUILD_KIND}`` |
-
-Additionally, overrides may be specified on a per-build basis on the command-
-line, with each variable prefixed w/ ``PKG_``, e.g.:
-``./build.sh [ ... ] PKG_ZSH_CC="/usr/bin/clang"``.
-
-The minimum set of package variables that must be provided is ``SHA256SUM, URL,
-VERSION`` and/or ``URLS_GIT``, respectively.
-
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.4.1 Package variable types"
-## 4.4.1 Package variable types
-
-| Type definition | Description |
-| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| DirName(Abs) | Absolute pathname to directory |
-| DirName(Rel) | Relative pathname to director |
-| DirName(Unit) | Single non-{absolute,relative} directory nam |
-| DirName | Absolute or relative pathname to director |
-| CmdName | Absolute or relative pathname to comman |
-| FileName(Abs) | Absolute pathname to file |
-| FileName(Rel) | Relative pathname to file |
-| FileName(Unit) | Single non-{absolute,relative} file name |
-| FileName | Absolute or relative pathname to file |
-| Flag(<type>,<default>) | Boolean flag of type <type>, e.g. Flag(Boolean) (``true``, ``false``,) Flag(UInt) (0, 1,) Flag(ExitStatus) (>=1, 0) with default or ``auto`` |
-| FlagLine | String of {SP,VT}-separated flags, arguments, options, etc. pp. to a command |
-| List(<sep>[,<sep\|type>..]) | \<sep\>-separated list, optionally recursively and/or sub-typing, e.g.: ``List(:,=,String)`` and ``"name=value:name2=value"`` |
-| PkgName | Single name of package |
-| PkgRelation | Single, possibly parametrised, package-package relation; see section [3.5](#35-package-package-and-packagegroup-group-relationships) |
-| PkgVersion | Single version of package |
-| Set(<type>) | Set of alternatives of <type>, e.g. one of ``cross``, ``host``, ``native`` |
-| String | Semantically generic string |
-| URL | URL in standard format; see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories) |
-| URL(Git) | Git URL in the format ``[subdir=]URL[@branch]``; see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories) |
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.4.2 Package variables"
-## 4.4.2 Package variables
-
-| Package variable name | Type | Description |
-| ---------------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
-| AR | CmdName | Toolchain library archive editor ``ar(1)`` |
-| AUTOCONF_CONFIG_GUESS | String | Either of ``copy`` (copy ``config.guess`` from ``etc/config.guess``) or ``keep``; defaults to ``copy`` |
-| BASE_DIR | DirName(Abs) | Package build root directory beneath ``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` |
-| BUILD_DIR | DirName(Unit) | Package build directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
-| BUILD_STAGES_DISABLE | List( ) | Build stages to disable during package build |
-| BUILD_TYPE | Set(String) | ``cross``: Cross-compiled toolchain, ``host``: host, ``native``: cross-compiled package |
-| CC | FileName | Toolchain C compiler ``cc(1)`` |
-| CCLD | FileName | Toolchain C compiler-qua-linker ``cc(1)`` |
-| CFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C compiler flags during package ``make(1)`` build |
-| CFLAGS_BUILD | FlagLine | C compiler flags during package ``make(1)`` build |
-| CFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| CFLAGS_CONFIGURE | FlagLine | C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| CMAKE_ARGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional arguments to ``cmake(1)`` |
-| CMAKE_ARGS | FlagLine | Arguments to ``cmake(1)`` |
-| CMAKE | CmdName | ``cmake(1)`` executable |
-| CMAKE_LISTFILE | FileName | ``cmake(1)`` listfile |
-| CONFIG_CACHE_EXTRA | List(\n) | Additional GNU autotools configuration cache variables |
-| CONFIG_CACHE | List(\n) | GNU autotools configuration cache variables |
-| CONFIG_CACHE_LOCAL | List(\n) | Additional GNU autotools configuration cache variables |
-| CONFIGURE_ARGS | FlagLine | Arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
-| CONFIGURE_ARGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
-| CONFIGURE_ARGS_LIST | List(:) | Arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
-| CONFIGURE_ARGS_EXTRA_LIST | List(:) | Additional arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
-| CONFIGURE | CmdName | Package's (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
-| CONFIGURE_TYPE | String | Either of ``autotools`` (GNU autotools or similar) or ``sofort`` or ``cmake`` (CMake) |
-| CPPFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C preprocessor flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| CXX | CmdName | Toolchain C++ compiler ``c++(1)`` |
-| CXXFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| CXXFLAGS_CONFIGURE | FlagLine | C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| DEPENDS | List( ) | Mandatory package-package dependencies |
-| DESTDIR | DirName(Unit) | Package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
-| DESTDIR_HOST | DirName(Unit) | Optional host package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
-| DISABLED | Flag(UInt,0) | Disable package |
-| ENV_VARS_EXTRA | List(:,=) | Name-value pairs of environment variables to set during package build |
-| FNAME | FileName(Unit) | Filename of package archive file |
-| FORCE_AUTORECONF | Flag(UInt,0) | Forcibly run ``autoreconf -fiv`` prior to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| GITROOT | URL | midipix packages Git URL prefix |
-| INHERIT_FROM | String | Inherit variables from named package |
-| INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR_EXTRA | List( ) | Additional files to initialise the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` with |
-| INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR | List( ) | Files to initialise the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` with |
-| INSTALL_FILES | List( ) | Files to manually install into the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
-| INSTALL_FILES_V2 | List( ) | Files to manually install into the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
-| INSTALL_TARGET_EXTRA | String | Additional name of package build ``make(1)`` installation target |
-| INSTALL_TARGET | String | Name of package build ``make(1)`` installation target |
-| IN_TREE | Flag(UInt,auto) | Build package in-tree within ``${PKG_SUBDIR}`` |
-| LDFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional linker flags during package ``make(1)`` build |
-| LDFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional linker flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| LDFLAGS_CONFIGURE | FlagLine | Linker flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
-| LIBTOOL | CmdName | ``libtool(1)`` implementation (defaults to ``slibtool``) |
-| MAKE | CmdLine | Command line of ``make(1)`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD_LIST | List(:) | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA_LIST | List(:) | Additional ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL_LIST | List(:) | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL_EXTRA_LIST | List(:) | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
-| MAKEFLAGS_LOADAVG | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` load average limit (e.g. -l load) flag |
-| MAKEFLAGS_PARALLELISE | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` parallelisation (e.g. -j jobs) flag |
-| MAKEFLAGS_VERBOSITY | String | Variable-value pair to pass to ``make(1)`` in order to force echo-back of command lines prior to execution |
-| MAKE_INSTALL_VNAME | String | Variable name of ``make(1)`` installation destination directory variable during package ``make(1)`` installation |
-| MAKE_SUBDIRS | List( ) | ``make(1)`` subdirectories to exclusively build |
-| MIRRORS_GIT | List( ) | Package Git repository mirror base URLs to attempt cloning from; cf. ``pkgtool.sh -m <dname>`` |
-| MIRRORS | List( ) | Package archive mirror base URLs to attempt downloading from; cf. ``pkgtool.sh -m <dname>`` |
-| NO_CLEAN_BASE_DIR | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit cleaning of package build root directory beneath ``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` |
-| NO_CLEAN | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit cleaning of package build directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` pre-finish |
-| NO_LOG_VARS | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit logging of build & package variables pre-package build |
-| PATCHES_EXTRA | List( ) | Additional patches to apply |
-| PKG_CONFIG | CmdName | ``pkg-config(1)`` implementation |
-| PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR | DirName | ``pkg-config(1)`` search directory |
-| PKGLIST_DISABLE | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit inclusion into ``${PREFIX}/pkglist.${PKG_BUILD_TYPE}`` |
-| PREFIX | DirName(Abs) | Top-level installation directory and package search path |
-| PYTHON | CmdName | Python >=3.x interpreter |
-| RANLIB | CmdName | Toolchain library archive index generator ``ranlib(1)`` |
-| RELATES | Set(PkgRelation) | Package-package relationships |
-| RPM_DISABLE | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit creation of RPM archive |
-| SHA256SUM | String | SHA-256 message digest of package archive |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_CC | FileName | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Toolchain C compiler ``cc(1)`` |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_CFLAGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Additional C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_CFLAGS | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_CXXFLAGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Additional list of C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_CXXFLAGS | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: List of C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_CXX | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Command- or pathname of toolchain C++ compiler ``c++(1)`` |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_LDFLAGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Additional linker flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_LDFLAGS | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Linker flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
-| SOFORT_NATIVE_LD | FileName | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Command- or pathname of toolchain C compiler ``cc(1)`` |
-| SUBDIR | DirName(Rel) | Extracted archive or git-{clone,pull}(1)'d directory |
-| TARGET | String | Dash-separated {build,host,target} triplet |
-| URL | List( ,URL) | URL to package archives w/ optional alternatives; see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories) |
-| URLS_GIT | List( ,URL(Git)) | Package Git URL(s) (format: ``[subdir=]URL[@branch]``, see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories)) |
-| VARS_FILE | FileName | Optional package variables file (defaults to ``vars/${PKG_NAME}.vars``) |
-| VERSION | PkgVersion | Package version |
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.5. Fault-tolerant & highly optimised 3D laser show-equipped usage screen"
-## 4.5. Fault-tolerant & highly optimised 3D laser show-equipped usage screen
-
-```
-usage: ./build.sh [-a nt32|nt64] [-b debug|release] [-C dir[,..]] [-D kind[,..]]
- [-F ipv4|ipv6|offline] [-h|--help] [-p jobs|-P] [-r ALL|LAST]
- [-r [*[*[*]]]name[,..][:ALL|LAST|[^|<|<=|>|>=]step,..]] [-R]
- [-v] [-V [+]tag|pat[,..]]
-
- [--as-needed] [--debug-minipix] [--reset-state] [--roar]
- [--theme theme] [[=]<group>|<variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]]
-
- -a nt32|nt64 Selects 32-bit or 64-bit architecture; defaults to nt64.
- -b debug|release Selects debug or release build kind; defaults to debug.
- -C dir[,..] Clean build directory (build,) ${PREFIX} before processing build
- scripts (prefix,) source directory (src,) and/or destination
- directory (dest) after successful package builds.
- -D kind[,..] Produce minimal midipix distribution directory (minipix,) RPM
- binary packages (rpm,) and/or deployable distribution ZIP
- archive (zipdist.) zipdist implies minipix.
- -F ipv4|ipv6|offline
- Force IPv4 (ipv4) or IPv6 (ipv6) when downloading package
- archives and/or Git repositories or don't download either at all
- (offline.)
- -h|--help Show short/full help screen, respectively.
- -p jobs|-P Enables parallelisation at group-level, whenever applicable.
- The maximum count of jobs defaults to the number of logical
- processors on the host system divided by two (2.)
-
- If -R is not specified and at least one (1) package fails to
- build, all remaining package builds will be forcibly aborted.
-
- -r ALL|LAST Restart all packages or the last failed package and resume
- build, resp.
- -r [*[*[*]]]name[,..][:ALL|LAST|[^|<|<=|>|>=]step,..]
- Restart the specified comma-separated package(s) w/ inhibition
- of package build step state resetting completely (`ALL',) starting
- at the resp. last successfully executed build steps (`LAST',) or the
- specified comma-separated list of build steps, optionally subject
- concerning package name(s) and/or build step(s) to the below modifiers:
-
- Prepend name w/ `*' to automatically include dependencies, `**'
- to forcibly rebuild all dependencies, and `***' to forcibly
- rebuild all packages that depend on the specified package(s).
-
- Prepend step w/ `^' to filter build steps with, `<' or `<='
- to constrain build steps to below or below or equal with, resp.,
- `>' or `>=' to constrain build steps to above or above or equal
- with, resp.
-
- Currently defined build steps are:
- fetch_clean, fetch_download, fetch_extract, configure_clean,
- configure_patch_pre, configure_autotools, configure_patch,
- configure, build_clean, build, install_clean, install_subdirs,
- install_make, install_files, install, install_rpm, and clean.
-
- Additionally, the following virtual steps are provided:
- @fetch, @configure, @build, @install, @clean, and finish.
-
- -R Ignore build failures, skip printing package logs, and continue
- building (relaxed mode.)
-
- -v Increase logging verbosity.
- -V [+]tag|pat[,..] Enable logging for messages with tag or pattern matching tags of:
- + (prefix)..: initialise tags with normal verbosity (implies normal) (see etc/build.theme,)
- all.........: log everything (see etc/build.theme,)
- clear|none..: log nothing,
- normal......: log at normal verbosity (see etc/build.theme,)
- verbose.....: log at increased verbosity (implies normal) (see etc/build.theme) (-v,)
-
- build.......: log package build logs,
- fileops.....: log RTL file operations,
- install.....: log RTL installation DSL operations,
- zipdist.....: log deployable distribution ZIP archive operations,
- xtrace......: set xtrace during package builds,
-
- fatal.......: fatal, unrecoverable errors,
- info........: informational messages,
- verbose.....: verbose informational messages,
- warning.....: warning messages possibly relating to imminent fatal, unrecoverable errors,
-
- build_*.....: general build messages (viz.: begin, finish, finish_time, vars,)
- group_*.....: build group messages (viz.: begin, finish,)
- pkg_*.......: package build messages (viz.: begin, finish, msg, skip, step, strip.)
-
- --as-needed Don't build unless the midipix_build repository has received
- new commits.
- --debug-minipix Don't strip(1) minipix binaries to facilitate debugging minipix.
- --reset-state Reset package build step state on exit.
- --theme theme Set theme.
-
- <group>[ ..] One of: dev_packages, dist, host_deps, host_deps_rpm,
- host_toolchain, host_tools, minipix, native_packages,
- native_runtime, native_toolchain, native_tools.
-
- Prepend w/ `=' to inhibit group-group dependency expansion.
-
- <variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]
- Override build or package variable.
-```
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.6. ``pkgtool.sh``"
-## 4.6. ``pkgtool.sh``
-
-```
-usage: ./pkgtool.sh [-a nt32|nt64] [-b debug|release] [-e|-f|-i|-m <dname> -M <dname>|-p|-r|-R|-t]
- [--theme theme] [-v]
- [<variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]] name[,name..]
-
- -a nt32|nt64 Selects 32-bit or 64-bit architecture; defaults to nt64.
- -b debug|release Selects debug or release build kind; defaults to debug.
- -e Edit package group file of single named package with ${EDITOR}.
- -f List files installed by single package.
- -i List package variables and dependencies of named package(s).
- -m <dname> Setup package archives mirror in <dname> and/or
- -M <dname> Setup Git repositories mirror in <dname>
- Specify "" or '' as <dname> to default to the defaults in
- ${HOME}/pkgtool.vars, if present.
- -p <log_fname> Profile last build.
- -r List reverse dependencies of single named package.
- -R List recursive reverse dependencies of single named package.
- -t Produce tarball of package build root directory and build log
- file for the purpose of distribution given build failure.
- -v Increase verbosity.
-
- <variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]
- Override build or package variable.
-```
-
-> N.B. When using ``pkgtool.sh`` on a build w/ build variables (see section [4.2](#42-build-variables))
-overriden on the command line or via the environment, ensure that they are included in the
-``pkgtool.sh`` command line, preceding the package name, or exported, respectively.
-
-> N.B. ``pkgtool.sh`` will source the ``${HOME}/pkgtool.vars`` file, if present, on startup where the
-following option arguments may be set: ``-a nt32|nt64`` by setting ``ARCH=...``, ``-b debug|release``
-by setting ``BUILD_KIND=...``, ``-m <dname>`` by setting ``ARG_MIRROR_DNAME=...``, and ``-M <dname>``
-by setting ``ARG_MIRROR_DNAME_GIT=...``.
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-[//]: # "{{{ 4.7. Bourne shell coding rules"
-## 4.7. Bourne shell coding rules
-
-If no rationale is specified for any specific point, the rationale is avoidance of undefined behaviour
-and/or implicit behaviour contingent on often subtle special cases, both of which are prone to cause
-hard to debug or even diagnose bugs.
-
-### Shell options
-
-1) The `noglob` option is set at all times *except* for when globbing is required, e.g.:
- `set +o noglob; files=*; set -o noglob`
-2) The `nounset` option is set at all times; if a parameter is to be expanded that may be
- unset, use the `${parameter:-word}` expansion format.
-3) The `errexit` option is unset at all times *except* for top-level subshell code that does
- *not* engage in conditional evaluation, e.g. `([...] set -o errexit; [...]) &` due to its
- implicit unsetting when a/any function is subject to conditional evaluation, e.g.: `[...]
- set -o errexit; [...] if some_function; then [ ... ] fi`
-
-### Quoting and brace-enclosing
-
-4) Quoting with single quotes or double quotes is mandatory at all times *except* for when field
- splitting subsequent to parameter expansion, etc. is required, e.g.: `params="a b c";
- param="single parameter"; fn ${params} "${param}"`
-5) Enclosing parameter names in braces is mandatory at all times, e.g.: `${parameter_name123}`
-
-### Checking parameter status
-
-6) Checking for whether a parameter is set/non-empty or unset/empty is expressed with the following
- the idiom: `[ "${parameter:+1}" = 1 ]` and `[ "${parameter:+1}" != 1 ]`
-
- This is necessary to avoid the potentially costly expansion of a parameter's value when only its
- status of being set/non-empty or unset/empty is of concern, particularly when this is done repeatedly.
-
-### Functions
-
-7) Functions must explicitly return either `0` or `1` at all times *except* for when specific
- return exit statuses are specified according to the function's interface contract.
-8) Function names must have namespace prefixes followed by a `p` in the topmost namespace prefix
- field in private functions, e.g.: `rtlp_log_do_something() { [...] }`
-9) The non-POSIX but extremely widely available `local` command must be used at at all times
- in functions on all function-local variables.
-
- This is necessary in order to avoid polluting the (global) parameter namespace.
-10) Function-local variables must be lower case and prefixed with a `_`, a prefix comprised of the
- initial letters of each word in the function's name plus, in private functions, the `p` topmost
- namespace prefix field postfix, and a `_`, where words are separated by `_` characters, e.g.:
- `rtlp_log_do_something() { local _rplds_parameter=""; [...] }` and `ex_something() {
- local _es_parameter=""; [ ...] }`
-
- This is necessary in order to prevent implicit conflicts between two or more functions that share
- a call path and would otherwise use the same variables names, such as `function1() { local
- list="${1}"; function2 "${list}"; }; function2() { local list="${2}"; }`, particularly when those
- functions acess and/or mutate each other's variables. Additionally, local variables are thus marked
- with a `_` prefix and by being lower case.
-
-### `eval` rules
-
-11) The following special characters must be escaped with a backslash at all times in `eval`
- expressions: `<newline>`, `"`, `'`, `[`, `\`, `]`, `<backtick>`, `$`
-12) If parameter expansion is to be evaluated with respect to a parameter reference, the following idiom
- must be used at all times: `eval [...]\${${rparameter[...]}}`
-13) If quoting with single quotes or double quotes is required - see 4) - or brace-enclosing - see 5) -
- and with respect to 11), viz. the single quotes or double quotes have been escaped with a backslash,
- something must be evaluated as a single field, then that field must be doubly quoted with single or
- double quotes, where the second set of quotes must not be escaped with a backslash, e.g.: `
- rparameter=parameter; eval ${rparameter}="\"a b c\""`.
- This is very rarely required.
-
-### Passing arguments
-
-14) The `fork/exec/write`-`read` pattern where a parameter is set to the result of a command
- substitution expression which is executed in a subshell process, e.g.: `parameter="$(function)"`
- is prohibited at all times *except* when an actual external command is invoked, e.g. `sort(1)`
- or `sed(1)`.
-
- This is necessary due to the very significant cost of the mentioned pattern, particularly concerning
- primitive e.g. list or string processing functions with high contention.
-15) If a function is to return, produce, evaluate to, etc. an arbitrary value apart from the exit status,
- it shall do so by receiving references to the target variables in the callers' scope from the caller
- prefixed with a single `$` character, e.g. `function \$parameter` and `function() {
- local _fn_rparameter="${1#\$}"; [..]; }` which are then set with `eval` expressions: `
- function() { local _fn_rparameter="${1#\$}"; [...]; eval ${_fn_rparameter}=\'a b c\'; };` Refer to
- 11)-13) for the rules concerning `eval`.
-
- This is necessary due to 14) as well as the absence of any other calling convention other than using
- implicit global variables, e.g.: `function1() { VARIABLE=; function2; }; function2() { VARIABLE=1;
- }`
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-
-[//]: # "{{{ 5. References"
-## 5. References
-
-* ``Sun, 25 Apr 2016 09:04:08 +0000 [1]``<a href="https://www.musl-libc.org/faq.html" id="r1">musl FAQ</a>
-* ``Wed, 04 Mar 2020 13:36:19 +0000 [2]``<a href="https://midipix.org/#sec-midipix" id="r2">midipix - what is midipix, and how is it different?</a>
-* ``Wed, 29 Apr 2020 23:33:34 +0100 [3]``<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/security-policy-settings/user-rights-assignment" id="r3">User Rights Assignment (Windows 10) - Windows security | Microsoft Docs</a>
-* ``Wed, 29 Apr 2020 23:33:50 +0100 [4]``<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/articles/bb530410%28v%3dmsdn%2e10%29" id="r4">Windows Vista Application Development Requirements for User Account Control Compatibility | Microsoft Docs</a>
-
-[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
-
-[//]: # "}}}"
-
-[modeline]: # ( vim: set ff=dos tw=0: )
+> N.B. If you're interested in building Midipix using this script, please join
+the project's IRC channel #midipix on Libera and ask for the address of the
+internal repositories required in order to build Midipix.
+
+> N.B. Due to the present state of the (largely) automated package upstream
+updates integration script and, despite frequent contributions, lack of
+human resources, it bears mentioning that the 3rd party packages built
+and distributed by this script are often not up to date with their resp.
+upstream and *may* hence be **insecure**. It is advised that this be taken
+into account when deploying and using Midipix distributions.
+
+[//]: # "{{{ Table of contents"
+# Table of Contents
+
+1. [What is Midipix, and how is it different?](#1-what-is-midipix-and-how-is-it-different)
+2. [Building and deployment](#2-building-and-deployment)
+ 2.1. [Building, installing, and using a Midipix distribution](#21-building-installing-and-using-a-midipix-distribution)
+ 2.1.1. [Build-time dependencies](#211-build-time-dependencies)
+ 2.1.1.1. [Alpine-specific notate bene](#2111-alpine-specific-notate-bene)
+ 2.2. [Deployment](#22-deployment)
+ 2.3. [System requirements](#23-system-requirements)
+ 2.4. [Troubleshooting](#24-troubleshooting)
+3. [Common concepts and tasks / FAQ](#3-common-concepts-and-tasks-faq)
+ 3.1. [Common tasks](#31-common-tasks)
+ 3.2. [Adding a package](#32-adding-a-package)
+ 3.3. [Addressing build failure](#33-addressing-build-failure)
+ 3.4. [Package archive files and Git repositories](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories)
+ 3.5. [Patches and ``vars`` files](#35-patches-and-vars-files)
+4. [Reference](#4-reference)
+ 4.1. [Build steps](#41-build-steps)
+ 4.2. [Build variables](#42-build-variables)
+ 4.3. [File installation DSL](#43-file-installation-dsl)
+ 4.4. [Package variables](#44-package-variables)
+ 4.4.1. [Package variable types](#441-package-variable-types)
+ 4.4.2. [Package variables](#442-package-variables)
+ 4.5. [Fault-tolerant & highly optimised 3D laser show-equipped usage screen](#45-fault-tolerant--highly-optimised-3d-laser-show-equipped-usage-screen)
+ 4.6. [``pkgtool.sh``](#46-pkgtoolsh)
+ 4.7. [Bourne shell coding rules](#47-bourne-shell-coding-rules)
+5. [References](#5-references)
+
+[//]: "}}}"
+
+[//]: # "{{{ 1. What is Midipix, and how is it different?"
+## 1. What is Midipix, and how is it different?
+
+midipix is a development environment that lets you create programs
+for Windows using the standard C and POSIX APIs. No compromises made,
+no shortcuts taken.
+
+If you are interested in cross-platform programming that reclaims
+the notion of write once, compile everywhere; if you believe that the
+'standard' in the C Standard Library should not be a null signifier;
+and if you like cooking your code without #ifdef hell and low-level
+minutiae, then this page is for you.
+
+midipix makes cross-platform programming better, simpler and faster,
+specifically by bringing a modern, conforming C Runtime Library to the
+Windows platform. While the idea itself is not new, the approach taken
+in midipix to code portability is radically different from that found
+in other projects.
+
+*(reproduced from &lbrack;[2](https://midipix.org/#sec-midipix)&rbrack;)*
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: "}}}"
+
+[//]: # "{{{ 2. Building and deployment"
+## 2. Building and deployment
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 2.1. Building, installing, and using a Midipix distribution"
+### 2.1. Building, installing and using a Midipix distribution
+
+A Midipix distribution consists of the following:
+
+* the native Midipix toolchain, consisting of perk, gcc, its dependencies,
+ and binutils,
+* musl, a lightweight, fast, simple, and free libc&lbrack;[1](https://www.musl-libc.org/faq.html)&rbrack; used by Midipix,
+* the Midipix runtime components that bridge the gap between the libc and the
+ executive subsystems of all Windows NT-derived Windows OS starting with and
+ including Windows XP, and
+* a steadily increasing number of 3rd party open source packages, as expected in
+ any modern POSIX-compliant \*nix environment, including GNU coreutils, shells,
+ libraries such as ncurses, libressl, as well as Perl and Python.
+
+Install the build-time dependencies listed in section [2.1.1](#211-build-time-dependencies),
+clone this repository (e.g. ``git clone https://dev.midipix.org/build/midipix_build``)
+and run the following command line:
+
+```shell
+./build.sh -a nt64 -b release -D zipdist -P -v
+```
+
+By default, the build will take place within ``${HOME}/midipix/nt64/release``
+and package archive files and/or Git repositores will be downloaded into
+``${HOME}/midipix/dlcache``. Consult sections [4.2](#42-build-variables) and
+[4.4](#44-package-variables) for the list of available build/package variables
+and how to override them.
+Parallelisation is enabled by the above command line for both packages that can
+be built independently of each other and ``make(1)`` via ``-j``, limited to the
+amount of logical processors on the build host divided by two (2).
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 2.1.1. Build-time dependencies"
+### 2.1.1. Build-time dependencies
+
+* **Alpine Linux**:
+ binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils g++ gawk gcc git grep gzip libc-dev linux-headers lzip m4 make musl-dev net-tools patch perl perl-xml-parser procps sed tar util-linux util-linux-dev wget xz zip
+* **Arch Linux**:
+ binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils gawk gcc git grep gzip lzip m4 make net-tools patch perl perl-xml-parser procps-ng sed tar util-linux util-linux-libs wget xz zip
+* **Debian/-derived Linux**:
+ binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils g++ gawk gcc git grep gzip hostname libc6-dev libxml-parser-perl lzip m4 make patch perl procps sed tar util-linux uuid-dev wget xz-utils zip
+* **Gentoo Linux**:
+ binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils gawk =gcc-7.5.0-r1 dev-vcs/git grep gzip lzip m4 make patch perl dev-perl/XML-Parser procps sed tar util-linux libuuid wget xz-utils zip
+* **OpenSUSE Linux**:
+ binutils bison bzip2 cmake coreutils curl findutils gawk gcc gcc-c++ git grep gzip hostname linux-glibc-devel lzip m4 make patch perl perl-XML-Parser procps sed tar util-linux libuuid1 wget xz zip
+
+#### The distro matrix:
+
+| Alpine Linux: | Arch Linux: | Debian/-derived Linux: | Gentoo Linux: | OpenSUSE Linux: |
+| --------------- | ------------------ | -------------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------- |
+| binutils | binutils | binutils | binutils | binutils |
+| bison | bison | bison | bison | bison |
+| bzip2 | bzip2 | bzip2 | bzip2 | bzip2 |
+| cmake | cmake | cmake | cmake | cmake |
+| coreutils | coreutils | coreutils | coreutils | coreutils |
+| curl | curl | curl | curl | curl |
+| findutils | findutils | findutils | findutils | findutils |
+| g++ | - | g++ | - | gcc-c++ |
+| gawk | gawk | gawk | gawk | gawk |
+| gcc | gcc | gcc | =gcc-7.5.0-r1 | gcc |
+| git | git | git | dev-vcs/git | git |
+| grep | grep | grep | grep | grep |
+| gzip | gzip | gzip | gzip | gzip |
+| - | - | hostname | - | hostname |
+| libc-dev | - | libc6-dev | - | linux-glibc-devel |
+| linux-headers | - | - | - | - |
+| lzip | lzip | lzip | lzip | lzip |
+| m4 | m4 | m4 | m4 | m4 |
+| make | make | make | make | make |
+| musl-dev | - | - | - | - |
+| net-tools | net-tools | - | - | - |
+| patch | patch | patch | patch | patch |
+| perl | perl | perl | perl | perl |
+| perl-xml-parser | perl-xml-parser | libxml-parser-perl | dev-perl/XML-Parser | perl-XML-Parser |
+| procps | procps-ng | procps | procps | procps |
+| sed | sed | sed | sed | sed |
+| tar | tar | tar | tar | tar |
+| util-linux | util-linux | util-linux | util-linux | util-linux |
+| util-linux-dev | util-linux-libs | uuid-dev | libuuid | libuuid1 |
+| - | vi | - | - | - |
+| wget | wget | wget | wget | wget |
+| xz | xz | xz-utils | xz-utils | xz |
+| zip | zip | zip | zip | zip |
+
+> N.B. Busybox is not supported. Awk implementations other than GNU Awk are not supported.
+
+> N.B. clang is not supported.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 2.1.1.1. Alpine-specific notate bene"
+#### 2.1.1.1. Alpine-specific notate bene
+
+Some packages (*coreutils*, *grep*, and *tar*, among others) override Alpine's
+BusyBox utilities of the same name, as the latter are either non-conformant or
+defective.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 2.2. Deployment"
+### 2.2. Deployment
+
+On successful completion of the build, a ZIP archive containing the Midipix
+distribution will be created inside ``${PREFIX}`` (see section [4.2](#42-build-variables).)
+Create a directory on the target machine and extract the contents of the distribution
+ZIP archive into it, run ``bash.bat``, and then ``/install.sh`` inside the resulting
+self-contained Midipix installation shell window.
+
+Make sure to consult the notate bene below:
+
+> N.B. The pathname of the target directory containing ``bash.bat`` and all other
+distribution files must not contain whitespaces.
+
+> N.B. The Midipix installer defaults to ``/dev/fs/c/midipix (C:\midipix)``. If left
+unchanged, the distribution ZIP archive must not be extracted into a directory of the
+same pathname.
+
+> N.B. The user installing and using Midipix must have been delegated the ``SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege``
+("Create symbolic links") privilege&lbrack;[3](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/security-policy-settings/user-rights-assignment)&rbrack; and additionally be a non-administrator account
+owing to the UAC-related filtering policy of tokens introduced by Windows Vista&lbrack;[4](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/articles/bb530410%28v%3dmsdn%2e10%29)&rbrack;.
+
+> N.B. On Windows 10 and 11, Windows Defender as well as SmartScreen must be disabled.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 2.3. System requirements"
+### 2.3. System requirements
+
+The following build-time system requirements are assessed on build hosts
+equipped with the following hardware at minimum:
+
+* Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU W3520 @ 2.67GHz (8 cores)
+* 7200 RPM SATA 3.1 HDD
+* 6 GB RAM
+
+| Target architecture | Build kind | Distribution kinds selected | Average build time | Disk space required | Peak RAM usage |
+| ------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------- | -------------- |
+| nt64 | debug | (none) | 2 hours | 57.62 GB | 3.55 GB |
+| nt64 | release | (none) | 1 hours 45 minutes | 36.51 GB | 3.21 GB |
+
+Package archive files and/or Git repositories additionally consume at least
+1.82 GB.
+
+*(last update: Thu, 05 Mar 2020 09:25:41 +0000)*
+
+These are the Midipix distribution disk space system requirements:
+
+| Target architecture | Build kind | Distribution | Installation directory | Archive file |
+| ------------------- | ---------- | ------------ | ---------------------- | ------------ |
+| nt64 | debug | 7.3 GB | 2.3 GB | 2.1 GB |
+| nt64 | release | 3.2 GB | 913 MB | 830 MB |
+
+The installation directory and archive file may be safely deleted post-installation.
+
+*(last update: Thu, 07 Jan 2021 18:20:06 +0000)*
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 2.4. Troubleshooting"
+### 2.4. Troubleshooting
+
+Midipix presently provides, inter alia, strace-like functionality via
+ntctty's logging capabilities. This is available both through the regular
+``strace(1)`` command as distributed, which however **must** be provided
+with an absolute pathname without consideration for ``${PATH}``, as well
+as directly via ``ntctty.exe`` for a session by running ``ntctty.exe``
+with the ``--log-level 7`` option, e.g.:
+
+```shell
+$ #strace ls -la / # (incorrect, relative pathname)
+$ strace /bin/ls -la / # (correct, absolute pathname)
+$ ntctty.exe --log-level 7 -e /bin/ls -la /
+$ ntctty.exe --log-level=7 -e /bin/ls -la /
+$ ntctty.exe --log-level 7 -e /bin/sh -c "ls -la /"
+$ ntctty.exe --log-level=7 -e /bin/sh -c "ls -la /"
+```
+
+By default, ``ntctty.exe`` log files are written into the /var/log/ntctty
+directory; this may be adjusted with the ``--log-dir`` and/or
+``--log-file`` options. ``strace(1)`` logs to stderr by default.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+
+[//]: # "{{{ 3. Common concepts and tasks"
+## 3. Common concepts and tasks
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 3.1. Common tasks"
+### 3.1. Common tasks
+
+Rebuild set of packages in isolation:
+```shell
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r mc,zsh
+```
+
+Restart the ``@install`` (shorthand alias) step, with implicit ``finish``, of the
+``mc`` and ``zsh`` packages.
+```shell
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r mc,zsh:@install
+```
+
+Rebuild set of packages along w/ their dependencies, if any, as needed, or forcibly,
+respectively:
+```shell
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r \*mc,zsh
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r \*\*mc,zsh
+```
+
+Forcibly rebuild all reverse dependencies of a set of packages:
+```shell
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r \*\*\*glib,libflac
+```
+
+Restart the ``@configure``, ``@build``, and ``@install`` (shorthand alias) steps of the
+``coreutils`` package:
+```shell
+./build.sh -r coreutils:@configure,@build,@install
+```
+
+Rebuild entire build groups including or excluding group dependencies, respectively:
+```shell
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r ALL native_runtime
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r ALL =native_runtime
+```
+
+Forcibly (re)download all archive files and/or Git repositories associated with all packages:
+```shell
+./build.sh [ ... ] -r ALL:@fetch
+```
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 3.2. Adding a package"
+## 3.2. Adding a package
+
+Packages are grouped into *build groups* according to sets of common package
+variable defaults, such as ``${PKG_CFLAGS_CONFIGURE}, ${PKG_LDFLAGS_CONFIGURE}``
+and ``${PKG_CONFIGURE_ARGS}``, and semantic interrelatedness, such as the
+``native_runtime`` build group comprising the Midipix runtime components.
+Packages may belong to more than one build group such as when subsumed by a shorthand
+build group e.g. the ``dev_packages`` build group, as long as the default set of build
+groups or as overriden on the command line does not entail group membership conflicts.
+
+Build groups files beneath ``groups.d/`` named ``[0-9][0-9][0-9].<group name>.group``
+contain package variable defaults, the alphabetically sorted list of contained
+packages in ``<upper case group name>_PACKAGES``, and their package variables
+sorted alphabetically with the exception of ``${PKG_DEPENDS}`` (if present,)
+``${PKG_SHA256SUM}``, ``${PKG_URL}``, and ``${PKG_VERSION}``, and/or ``${PKG_URLS_GIT}``,
+which are specified in this order.
+
+Pick a build group according to the criteria mentioned, add the package to the
+build group's list of contained packages in its corresponding file, and add the
+set of package variables required (see above and section [4.4](#44-package-variables).)
+Consult section [3.5](#35-patches-and-vars-files) if the package to be added
+requires patches or additional code amending or replacing package build steps
+or the entire package build. Consult section [4.1](#41-build-steps) for a list
+of package build steps and how they are overriden.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 3.3. Addressing build failure"
+## 3.3. Addressing build failure
+
+During package build, standard error and output are redirected into a log file beneath
+``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` named ``${PKG_NAME}_stderrout.log``, following a package variable
+dump. If ``-V build`` was specified, package logs will additionally be printed to standard
+output. If ``-V xtrace`` was specified, ``xtrace`` will be set during package builds for
+rudimentary debugging purposes. Additionally, packages using GNU autotools will, if
+package configuration failed or appears relevant, log the configuration process in detail
+in, most usually, ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}/config.log``.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 3.4. Package archive files and Git repositories"
+### 3.4. Package archive files and Git repositories
+
+Packages may have either or both of a SHA-256 message digest checked and to be extracted tarball
+(set in ``${PKG_URL}``, ``${PKG_FNAME}``, and ``${PKG_SHA256SUM}``) and/or Git repository or set
+thereof (set in ``${PKG_URLS_GIT}``.) Complementing these, an implicitly inferred or, in the
+presence of both, explicit primary source directory is specified for each package in ``${PKG_SUBDIR}``.
+Furthermore, these may be subject to download caching and/or setting up as well as maintaining
+mirrors, including automatic cleanup as well as deduplication in both cases.
+
+A list of pertinent package variables and their formats follows:
+
+| Name | Format |
+| -------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
+| PKG_FNAME | ``<single file name>`` |
+| PKG_SHA256SUM | ``<SHA-256 message digest>`` |
+| PKG_SUBDIR | ``<relative or single directory name>`` |
+| PKG_URL | ``scheme:[//authority]path[?query][#fragment]`` |
+| PKG_URLS_GIT | ``[subdir=]URL[@branch]`` |
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 3.5. Patches and ``vars`` files"
+## 3.5. Patches and ``vars`` files
+
+Package patches are applied prior and/or subsequent to (GNU autotools or similar) package
+configuration during the ``configure_patch_pre`` and/or ``configure_patch`` build steps,
+respectively (see section [4.1](#41-build-steps).) Patch files are searched for beneath
+``patches/`` with the following globs and in-order:
+* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}_pre.local.patch``
+ or ``${PKG_NAME}_pre.local.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
+* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}_pre.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch``
+ or ``${PKG_NAME}_pre.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
+* ``${PKG_NAME}/*.patch``
+* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}.local.patch``
+ or ``${PKG_NAME}.local.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
+* ``${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VERSION}.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch``
+ or ``${PKG_NAME}.local@${BUILD_HNAME}.patch`` (for packages lacking ``${PKG_VERSION}``)
+* ``${PKG_PATCHES_EXTRA}`` (if set)
+
+If the default set of package build steps does not suffice, such as if additional commands
+must be executed after package configuration or prior to building, or if an entire or all
+build step must be replaced, overrides may be specified in the form of functions in the
+package's ``vars/${PKG_NAME}.vars`` as well as ``vars.<group name>/${PKG_NAME}.vars``
+``vars`` file(s). Consult section [4.1](#41-build-steps) for a list of package build steps
+and how they are overriden.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+
+[//]: # "{{{ 4. Reference"
+## 4. Reference
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.1. Build steps"
+## 4.1. Build steps
+
+Package builds are divided up into consecutively executed build steps until
+completion or aborted on failure unless relaxed mode is enabled by passing
+``-R``.
+
+Each build step corresponds to a function in the corresponding ``subr/pkg_*.subr``
+script and may be overriden entirely by a function named ``pkg_<package name>_<build step>()``
+or composed in terms of prior and/or subsequent execution by a function named
+``pkg_<package name>_<build step>_pre()`` and/or ``pkg_<package name>_<build step>_post()``,
+respectively, in the package's ``vars`` file. If a function named ``pkg_<package name>_all()``
+exists, it will override all build steps.
+
+Build step functions receive the following arguments in the order specified:
+
+| Name | Description |
+| ------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
+| \_group\_name | Package name |
+| \_pkg\_name | Group name |
+| \_restart\_at | Optional list of build steps to restart package build at |
+
+Build step status is tracked on a per-package basis by state files beneath
+``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` following the format ``.<package name>.<build step>``;
+package build completion corresponds to the pseudo-build step ``finish``.
+
+| Name | Description |
+| ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| fetch_clean | Delete and create ``${PKG_SUBDIR}`` |
+| fetch_download | Download package archive & verify w/ SHA-256 message digest and/or clone Git repository/ies |
+| fetch_extract | Extract package archive, if any |
+| configure_clean | Delete and create ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}`` |
+| configure_patch_pre | Apply ``chainport`` patches and/or patches beneath ``patches/`` prior to (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| configure_autotools | Bootstrap (GNU autools or similar) environment, and install ``config.sub`` and ``config.cache`` |
+| configure_patch | Apply patches beneath ``patches/`` and/or set in ``${PKG_PATCHES_EXTRA}`` after (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| configure | Perform package (GNU autools or similar or CMake) configuration w/ configuration-time set of environment variables |
+| build_clean | Clean ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}`` w/ ``make clean`` invocation |
+| build | Call ``make(1)`` w/ build-time set of make variables |
+| install_clean | Delete and create ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` |
+| install_subdirs | Create default directory hierarchy in ``${PKG_DESTDIR}``, optionally amended w/ ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR_EXTRA}`` |
+| install_make | Call ``make(1)`` w/ ``${PKG_INSTALL_TARGET}`` (defaults to ``install``) and installation-time set of make variables |
+| install_files | Install ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES}`` and/or ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}``, fix directory and file mode bits within ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` and optionally ``${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST}``, ``pkgconf(1)`` package files, and/or stripped binaries within ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` |
+| | Purge libtool ``.la`` files and install shared objects within ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` w/ ``perk`` and corresponding symbolic links |
+| install | Install into ``${PKG_PREFIX}``, and optionally ``${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST}`` into ``${PREFIX}``, under mutex, and add package to ``${PREFIX}/pkglist.${PKG_BUILD_TYPE}`` (unless inhibited) |
+| install_rpm | Build package RPM w/ auto-generated specifiation file based on ``etc/package.spec`` beneath ``${PREFIX_RPM}`` |
+| clean | Clean ``${PKG_BUILD_DIR}`` and/or ``${PKG_DESTDIR}`` and/or ``${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST}`` and/or ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_SUBDIR}`` as per ``-C build,dest,src``, resp., if any |
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.2. Build variables"
+## 4.2. Build variables
+
+The following variables are primarily defined in ``vars.env.d/*.env`` and may be
+overriden on a per-build basis on the command-line, the environment, and/or
+``${HOME}/midipix_build.vars``, ``${HOME}/.midipix_build.vars``, and/or
+``../midipix_build.vars``, e.g.:
+
+```shell
+./build.sh -a nt64 -b release -D minipix,zipdist -P -v PREFIX_ROOT="${HOME}/midipix_tmp"
+env ARCH=nt64 BUILD_KIND=release PREFIX_ROOT="${HOME}/midipix_tmp" ./build.sh -D minipix,zipdist -P -v
+```
+
+| Variable name | Default value | Description |
+| ---------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| ARCH | nt64 | Target 32-bit (nt32) or 64-bit (nt64) architecture |
+| BUILD_DLCACHEDIR | ${PREFIX_ROOT}/dlcache | Absolute pathname to package downloads cache root directory |
+| BUILD_HNAME | $(hostname) | Build system hostname |
+| BUILD_KIND | debug | Build w/ debugging (debug) or release compiler flags |
+| BUILD_WORKDIR | ${PREFIX}/tmp | Absolute pathname to temporary package build root directory |
+| PREFIX | ${PREFIX_ROOT}/${ARCH}/${BUILD_KIND} | Absolute pathname to architecture- & build type-specific build root directory |
+| PREFIX_CROSS | ${PREFIX}/${DEFAULT_TARGET} | Absolute pathname to toolchain root directory |
+| PREFIX_MINGW32 | ${PREFIX}/x86_64-w64-mingw32 | Absolute pathname to MinGW toolchain root directory |
+| PREFIX_MINIPIX | ${PREFIX}/minipix | Absolute pathname to minipix distribution root directory |
+| PREFIX_NATIVE | ${PREFIX}/native | Absolute pathname to cross-compiled packages root directory |
+| PREFIX_ROOT | ${HOME}/midipix | Absolute pathname to top-level directory |
+| PREFIX_RPM | ${PREFIX}/rpm | Absolute pathname to package RPM archive root directory |
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.3. File installation DSL"
+## 4.3. File installation DSL
+
+File and directory installation, comprising e.g. copying, moving, creating
+symbolic links, setting owner and/or permission metadata, are expressed in
+a descriptive domain-specific language and integrated with package building
+via the package variable ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}``, applying during
+``install_files`` after the ``install_make`` build step, and ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR}``
+and ``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR_EXTRA}`` during ``install_subdirs``. The
+``${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}`` must adhere to the following syntax specified in EBNF:
+
+```
+(*
+SH_GLOB_PATTERN = any valid portable shell pattern (see sh(1)); superset of PATHNAME
+SH_SUBSTRING_PATTERN = any valid portable substring processing shell pattern (see sh(1));
+ superset of PATHNAME
+PARAMETER = any valid portable shell variable name except that [0-9] may occur
+ the beginning
+PATHNAME = any valid filename, directory name, relative or absolute pathname
+ excluding the characters NUL and NL
+ *)
+
+spec = { op_flag, } op_unary, "=", op_spec, "\n", { spec } ;
+ | { op_flag, } op_binary, op_spec, "=" op_spec, "\n", { spec } ;
+ | "#" COMMENT ;
+op_unary = "-" | "/" | "t" ;
+op_binary = ":" | "!" | "@" | "+" | "g" | "m" | "o" | "T" ;
+op_flag = "?" ;
+op_spec = pattern_spec | PATHNAME | expr_spec | op_spec ;
+
+pattern_spec = "%<", SH_GLOB_PATTERN, ">" ;
+
+expr_spec = "%[", expr, { sexpr_spec }, "%]" ;
+expr = [ "@" ], "0" .. "9" | "DNAME" | "FNAME" | "ITEM" | PARAMETER ;
+
+sexpr_spec = sexpr_op_unary, SH_SUBSTRING_PATTERN, { sexpr } ;
+sexpr_op_unary = "##" | "#" | "%%" | "%" ;
+```
+
+Single ``"="`` characters in ``spec``, the ``"%<"`` and ``"%["`` character
+sequences in ``pattern_spec`` and ``expr_spec``, resp., and the ``sexpr_op_unary``
+as well as ``sexpr_op_binary`` characters or character sequences may be
+escaped with a single backslash (``"\"``.) ``SH_SUBSTRING_PATTERN`` differs
+from ``SH_GLOB_PATTERN`` solely in that any of ``sexpr_op_unary`` and
+``sexpr_op_binary`` occuring at the beginning of or in the former must
+be escaped with a single backslash (``"\"``,) e.g. ``"#\#pattern"`` and
+``"%\%pattern"``, etc. and ``"#pat\%ern"`` and ``%patt\#ern", etc., resp.
+
+Named parameters (``PARAMETER``) are supplied via the ``-p name=value``
+argument to ``rtl_install()``, whereas numbered parameters are for
+internal usage only; the ``"DNAME"``, ``"FNAME"``, and ``"ITEM"`` parameters
+lazily evaluate to the directory name, file (aka base) name, and full
+pathname of the current item being processed relative to a specification
+with a pattern in it.
+
+The following parameters are defined by default during ``install_files``:
+
+| Name | Value |
+| ------------- | -------------------------------------- |
+| _builddir | ${PKG_BUILD_DIR} |
+| _destdir | ${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_DESTDIR} |
+| _destdir_host | ${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_DESTDIR_HOST} |
+| _files | ${MIDIPIX_BUILD_PWD}/files/${PKG_NAME} |
+| _name | ${PKG_NAME} |
+| _prefix | ${PKG_PREFIX} |
+| _prefix_host | ${PREFIX} |
+| _prefix_native | ${PREFIX_NATIVE} |
+| _subdir | ${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_SUBDIR} |
+| _target | ${PKG_TARGET} |
+| _version | ${PKG_VERSION:-} |
+| _workdir | ${BUILD_WORKDIR} |
+
+The following operation flags are defined:
+
+| Flag | Description |
+| --------- | ------------------------ |
+| ``?`` | Continue on soft failure |
+
+The following operations are defined:
+
+| Operation | Arity | Description |
+| -------------- | ------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| ``-`` | Unary | Remove directories and/or files |
+| ``/`` | Unary | Create directories or trees thereof |
+| ``t`` | Unary | touch(1) files and/or directories |
+| ``:`` | Binary | Copy directories and/or files |
+| ``!`` | Binary | Move/rename directories and/or files |
+| ``@`` | Binary | Create/update symbolic links |
+| ``+`` | Binary | Copy directories and/or files if newer and follow symbolic links |
+| ``g`` | Binary | Set group owner of files and/or directories |
+| ``m`` | Binary | Set mode bits of files and/or directories |
+| ``o`` | Binary | Set user and/or group owner of files and/or directories |
+| ``T`` | Binary | touch(1) files and/or directories with timestamp |
+
+The following expression modifiers are defined:
+
+| Modifier | Description |
+| -------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| ``@`` | Recursively reevaluate after substituting |
+
+The following subexpression operators are defined:
+
+| Operation | Arity | Description |
+| -------------- | ------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| ``##`` | Unary | Remove largest prefix from left-hand side |
+| ``#`` | Unary | Remove prefix from left-hand side |
+| ``%%`` | Unary | Remove largest postfix from right-hand side |
+| ``%`` | Unary | Remove postfix from right-hand side |
+
+```shell
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+
+#
+# Create directory %[_minipix]/bin and copy all files
+# in %[_minipix_dist]/bin/ to %[_minipix]/bin/ with
+# identical file names.
+/=%[_minipix]/bin
+?%[_minipix_dist]/bin/%<*>=%[_minipix]/bin/%[FNAME]
+
+#
+# Rename all files in share/info/ matching *.info to
+# their filenames with the `.info' postfix removed and
+# `-2.64.info' appended and all files in share/man/man1/
+# matching *.1 with the `.1' postfix removed and -2.64.1
+# appended.
+!share/info/%<*.info>=share/info/%[FNAME%.info]-2.64.info
+!share/man/man1/%<*.1>=share/man/man1/%[FNAME%.1]-2.64.1
+
+#
+# Create/update symbolic links named include/ffi.h and
+# include/ffitarget.h with ../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffi.h
+# and ../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffitarget.h as targets, resp.
+@../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffi.h=include/ffi.h
+@../lib/libffi-3.2.1/include/ffitarget.h=include/ffitarget.h
+
+#
+# Manual invocation:
+PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2="
+ [ ... ]
+";
+rtl_install \
+ -p "_builddir=${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_BUILD_DIR}" \
+ -p "_minipix=${PREFIX_MINIPIX##*/}" \
+ -p "_minipix_dist=${PREFIX}/minipix_dist" \
+ -p "_native=${PREFIX_NATIVE##*/}" \
+ -p "_subdir=${PKG_BASE_DIR}/${PKG_SUBDIR}" \
+ -p "_target=${PKG_TARGET}" \
+ -n -- "${PREFIX}" \
+ "${PKG_INSTALL_FILES_V2}"; then
+ return 1;
+fi;
+
+#
+# Usage screen:
+usage: rtl_install [-i] [-I ifs] [-n] [-p name=val] [-v] prefix spec_list
+ -i...........: continue on soft errors
+ -I ifs.......: process spec_list with ifs instead of NL
+ -n...........: perform dry run
+ -p name=val..: set named parameter
+ -v...........: increase verbosity
+ prefix.......: pathname prefix
+ spec_list....: ifs-separated list of specs
+```
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.4. Package variables"
+### 4.4. Package variables
+
+The following variables are package-specific and receive their value from either
+top-level defaults defined in ``vars.env.d/*.env``, build group-specific defaults from the
+build group the package pertains to and defined in its corresponding file beneath
+``groups.d/``, or package-specific overrides defined either in the latter and/or in its
+corresponding file beneath ``vars/``, with one of the following prefixes:
+
+| Variable name prefix |
+| ------------------------------------------------- |
+| DEFAULT |
+| DEFAULT_``${BUILD_TYPE}`` |
+| DEFAULT_``${GROUP_NAME}`` |
+| ``${GROUP_NAME}`` |
+| [PKG_``${RELATED_PACKAGE(S)}``] |
+| [PKG_``${RELATED_PACKAGE(S)}``_``${BUILD_KIND}``] |
+| PKG_``${NAME}`` |
+| PKG_``${NAME}``_``${BUILD_KIND}`` |
+
+Additionally, overrides may be specified on a per-build basis on the command-
+line, with each variable prefixed w/ ``PKG_``, e.g.:
+``./build.sh [ ... ] PKG_ZSH_CC="/usr/bin/clang"``.
+
+The minimum set of package variables that must be provided is ``SHA256SUM, URL,
+VERSION`` and/or ``URLS_GIT``, respectively.
+
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.4.1 Package variable types"
+## 4.4.1 Package variable types
+
+| Type definition | Description |
+| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| DirName(Abs) | Absolute pathname to directory |
+| DirName(Rel) | Relative pathname to director |
+| DirName(Unit) | Single non-{absolute,relative} directory nam |
+| DirName | Absolute or relative pathname to director |
+| CmdName | Absolute or relative pathname to comman |
+| FileName(Abs) | Absolute pathname to file |
+| FileName(Rel) | Relative pathname to file |
+| FileName(Unit) | Single non-{absolute,relative} file name |
+| FileName | Absolute or relative pathname to file |
+| Flag(<type>,<default>) | Boolean flag of type <type>, e.g. Flag(Boolean) (``true``, ``false``,) Flag(UInt) (0, 1,) Flag(ExitStatus) (>=1, 0) with default or ``auto`` |
+| FlagLine | String of {SP,VT}-separated flags, arguments, options, etc. pp. to a command |
+| List(<sep>[,<sep\|type>..]) | \<sep\>-separated list, optionally recursively and/or sub-typing, e.g.: ``List(:,=,String)`` and ``"name=value:name2=value"`` |
+| PkgName | Single name of package |
+| PkgRelation | Single, possibly parametrised, package-package relation; see section [3.5](#35-package-package-and-packagegroup-group-relationships) |
+| PkgVersion | Single version of package |
+| Set(<type>) | Set of alternatives of <type>, e.g. one of ``cross``, ``host``, ``native`` |
+| String | Semantically generic string |
+| URL | URL in standard format; see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories) |
+| URL(Git) | Git URL in the format ``[subdir=]URL[@branch]``; see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories) |
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.4.2 Package variables"
+## 4.4.2 Package variables
+
+| Package variable name | Type | Description |
+| ---------------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| AR | CmdName | Toolchain library archive editor ``ar(1)`` |
+| AUTOCONF_CONFIG_GUESS | String | Either of ``copy`` (copy ``config.guess`` from ``etc/config.guess``) or ``keep``; defaults to ``copy`` |
+| BASE_DIR | DirName(Abs) | Package build root directory beneath ``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` |
+| BUILD_DIR | DirName(Unit) | Package build directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
+| BUILD_STAGES_DISABLE | List( ) | Build stages to disable during package build |
+| BUILD_TYPE | Set(String) | ``cross``: Cross-compiled toolchain, ``host``: host, ``native``: cross-compiled package |
+| CC | FileName | Toolchain C compiler ``cc(1)`` |
+| CCLD | FileName | Toolchain C compiler-qua-linker ``cc(1)`` |
+| CFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C compiler flags during package ``make(1)`` build |
+| CFLAGS_BUILD | FlagLine | C compiler flags during package ``make(1)`` build |
+| CFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| CFLAGS_CONFIGURE | FlagLine | C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| CMAKE_ARGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional arguments to ``cmake(1)`` |
+| CMAKE_ARGS | FlagLine | Arguments to ``cmake(1)`` |
+| CMAKE | CmdName | ``cmake(1)`` executable |
+| CMAKE_LISTFILE | FileName | ``cmake(1)`` listfile |
+| CONFIG_CACHE_EXTRA | List(\n) | Additional GNU autotools configuration cache variables |
+| CONFIG_CACHE | List(\n) | GNU autotools configuration cache variables |
+| CONFIG_CACHE_LOCAL | List(\n) | Additional GNU autotools configuration cache variables |
+| CONFIGURE_ARGS | FlagLine | Arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
+| CONFIGURE_ARGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
+| CONFIGURE_ARGS_LIST | List(:) | Arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
+| CONFIGURE_ARGS_EXTRA_LIST | List(:) | Additional arguments to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
+| CONFIGURE | CmdName | Package's (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration script |
+| CONFIGURE_TYPE | String | Either of ``autotools`` (GNU autotools or similar) or ``sofort`` or ``cmake`` (CMake) |
+| CPPFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C preprocessor flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| CXX | CmdName | Toolchain C++ compiler ``c++(1)`` |
+| CXXFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| CXXFLAGS_CONFIGURE | FlagLine | C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| DEPENDS | List( ) | Mandatory package-package dependencies |
+| DESTDIR | DirName(Unit) | Package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
+| DESTDIR_HOST | DirName(Unit) | Optional host package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
+| DISABLED | Flag(UInt,0) | Disable package |
+| ENV_VARS_EXTRA | List(:,=) | Name-value pairs of environment variables to set during package build |
+| FNAME | FileName(Unit) | Filename of package archive file |
+| FORCE_AUTORECONF | Flag(UInt,0) | Forcibly run ``autoreconf -fiv`` prior to package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| GITROOT | URL | midipix packages Git URL prefix |
+| INHERIT_FROM | String | Inherit variables from named package |
+| INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR_EXTRA | List( ) | Additional files to initialise the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` with |
+| INSTALL_FILES_DESTDIR | List( ) | Files to initialise the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` with |
+| INSTALL_FILES | List( ) | Files to manually install into the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
+| INSTALL_FILES_V2 | List( ) | Files to manually install into the package installation destination directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` |
+| INSTALL_TARGET_EXTRA | String | Additional name of package build ``make(1)`` installation target |
+| INSTALL_TARGET | String | Name of package build ``make(1)`` installation target |
+| IN_TREE | Flag(UInt,auto) | Build package in-tree within ``${PKG_SUBDIR}`` |
+| LDFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional linker flags during package ``make(1)`` build |
+| LDFLAGS_CONFIGURE_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional linker flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| LDFLAGS_CONFIGURE | FlagLine | Linker flags during package (GNU autotools in implementation and/or interface) configuration |
+| LIBTOOL | CmdName | ``libtool(1)`` implementation (defaults to ``slibtool``) |
+| MAKE | CmdLine | Command line of ``make(1)`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA | FlagLine | Additional ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD_LIST | List(:) | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_BUILD_EXTRA_LIST | List(:) | Additional ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` build; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL_LIST | List(:) | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_INSTALL_EXTRA_LIST | List(:) | ``make(1)`` flags during package ``make(1)`` installation; subject to field splitting w/ ``:`` |
+| MAKEFLAGS_LOADAVG | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` load average limit (e.g. -l load) flag |
+| MAKEFLAGS_PARALLELISE | FlagLine | ``make(1)`` parallelisation (e.g. -j jobs) flag |
+| MAKEFLAGS_VERBOSITY | String | Variable-value pair to pass to ``make(1)`` in order to force echo-back of command lines prior to execution |
+| MAKE_INSTALL_VNAME | String | Variable name of ``make(1)`` installation destination directory variable during package ``make(1)`` installation |
+| MAKE_SUBDIRS | List( ) | ``make(1)`` subdirectories to exclusively build |
+| MIRRORS_GIT | List( ) | Package Git repository mirror base URLs to attempt cloning from; cf. ``pkgtool.sh -m <dname>`` |
+| MIRRORS | List( ) | Package archive mirror base URLs to attempt downloading from; cf. ``pkgtool.sh -m <dname>`` |
+| NO_CLEAN_BASE_DIR | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit cleaning of package build root directory beneath ``${BUILD_WORKDIR}`` |
+| NO_CLEAN | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit cleaning of package build directory beneath ``${PKG_BASE_DIR}`` pre-finish |
+| NO_LOG_VARS | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit logging of build & package variables pre-package build |
+| PATCHES_EXTRA | List( ) | Additional patches to apply |
+| PKG_CONFIG | CmdName | ``pkg-config(1)`` implementation |
+| PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR | DirName | ``pkg-config(1)`` search directory |
+| PKGLIST_DISABLE | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit inclusion into ``${PREFIX}/pkglist.${PKG_BUILD_TYPE}`` |
+| PREFIX | DirName(Abs) | Top-level installation directory and package search path |
+| PYTHON | CmdName | Python >=3.x interpreter |
+| RANLIB | CmdName | Toolchain library archive index generator ``ranlib(1)`` |
+| RELATES | Set(PkgRelation) | Package-package relationships |
+| RPM_DISABLE | Flag(UInt,0) | Inhibit creation of RPM archive |
+| SHA256SUM | String | SHA-256 message digest of package archive |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_CC | FileName | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Toolchain C compiler ``cc(1)`` |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_CFLAGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Additional C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_CFLAGS | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: C compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_CXXFLAGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Additional list of C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_CXXFLAGS | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: List of C++ compiler flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_CXX | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Command- or pathname of toolchain C++ compiler ``c++(1)`` |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_LDFLAGS_EXTRA | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Additional linker flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_LDFLAGS | FlagLine | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Linker flags during package (GNU autotools or similar) configuration |
+| SOFORT_NATIVE_LD | FileName | ``sofort`` variable during ``native`` build: Command- or pathname of toolchain C compiler ``cc(1)`` |
+| SUBDIR | DirName(Rel) | Extracted archive or git-{clone,pull}(1)'d directory |
+| TARGET | String | Dash-separated {build,host,target} triplet |
+| URL | List( ,URL) | URL to package archives w/ optional alternatives; see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories) |
+| URLS_GIT | List( ,URL(Git)) | Package Git URL(s) (format: ``[subdir=]URL[@branch]``, see section [3.4](#34-package-archive-files-and-git-repositories)) |
+| VARS_FILE | FileName | Optional package variables file (defaults to ``vars/${PKG_NAME}.vars``) |
+| VERSION | PkgVersion | Package version |
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.5. Fault-tolerant & highly optimised 3D laser show-equipped usage screen"
+## 4.5. Fault-tolerant & highly optimised 3D laser show-equipped usage screen
+
+```
+usage: ./build.sh [-a nt32|nt64] [-b debug|release] [-C dir[,..]] [-D kind[,..]]
+ [-F ipv4|ipv6|offline] [-h|--help] [-p jobs|-P] [-r ALL|LAST]
+ [-r [*[*[*]]]name[,..][:ALL|LAST|[^|<|<=|>|>=]step,..]] [-R]
+ [-v] [-V [+]tag|pat[,..]]
+
+ [--as-needed] [--debug-minipix] [--reset-state] [--roar]
+ [--theme theme] [[=]<group>|<variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]]
+
+ -a nt32|nt64 Selects 32-bit or 64-bit architecture; defaults to nt64.
+ -b debug|release Selects debug or release build kind; defaults to debug.
+ -C dir[,..] Clean build directory (build,) ${PREFIX} before processing build
+ scripts (prefix,) source directory (src,) and/or destination
+ directory (dest) after successful package builds.
+ -D kind[,..] Produce minimal midipix distribution directory (minipix,) RPM
+ binary packages (rpm,) and/or deployable distribution ZIP
+ archive (zipdist.) zipdist implies minipix.
+ -F ipv4|ipv6|offline
+ Force IPv4 (ipv4) or IPv6 (ipv6) when downloading package
+ archives and/or Git repositories or don't download either at all
+ (offline.)
+ -h|--help Show short/full help screen, respectively.
+ -p jobs|-P Enables parallelisation at group-level, whenever applicable.
+ The maximum count of jobs defaults to the number of logical
+ processors on the host system divided by two (2.)
+
+ If -R is not specified and at least one (1) package fails to
+ build, all remaining package builds will be forcibly aborted.
+
+ -r ALL|LAST Restart all packages or the last failed package and resume
+ build, resp.
+ -r [*[*[*]]]name[,..][:ALL|LAST|[^|<|<=|>|>=]step,..]
+ Restart the specified comma-separated package(s) w/ inhibition
+ of package build step state resetting completely (`ALL',) starting
+ at the resp. last successfully executed build steps (`LAST',) or the
+ specified comma-separated list of build steps, optionally subject
+ concerning package name(s) and/or build step(s) to the below modifiers:
+
+ Prepend name w/ `*' to automatically include dependencies, `**'
+ to forcibly rebuild all dependencies, and `***' to forcibly
+ rebuild all packages that depend on the specified package(s).
+
+ Prepend step w/ `^' to filter build steps with, `<' or `<='
+ to constrain build steps to below or below or equal with, resp.,
+ `>' or `>=' to constrain build steps to above or above or equal
+ with, resp.
+
+ Currently defined build steps are:
+ fetch_clean, fetch_download, fetch_extract, configure_clean,
+ configure_patch_pre, configure_autotools, configure_patch,
+ configure, build_clean, build, install_clean, install_subdirs,
+ install_make, install_files, install, install_rpm, and clean.
+
+ Additionally, the following virtual steps are provided:
+ @fetch, @configure, @build, @install, @clean, and finish.
+
+ -R Ignore build failures, skip printing package logs, and continue
+ building (relaxed mode.)
+
+ -v Increase logging verbosity.
+ -V [+]tag|pat[,..] Enable logging for messages with tag or pattern matching tags of:
+ + (prefix)..: initialise tags with normal verbosity (implies normal) (see etc/build.theme,)
+ all.........: log everything (see etc/build.theme,)
+ clear|none..: log nothing,
+ normal......: log at normal verbosity (see etc/build.theme,)
+ verbose.....: log at increased verbosity (implies normal) (see etc/build.theme) (-v,)
+
+ build.......: log package build logs,
+ fileops.....: log RTL file operations,
+ install.....: log RTL installation DSL operations,
+ zipdist.....: log deployable distribution ZIP archive operations,
+ xtrace......: set xtrace during package builds,
+
+ fatal.......: fatal, unrecoverable errors,
+ info........: informational messages,
+ verbose.....: verbose informational messages,
+ warning.....: warning messages possibly relating to imminent fatal, unrecoverable errors,
+
+ build_*.....: general build messages (viz.: begin, finish, finish_time, vars,)
+ group_*.....: build group messages (viz.: begin, finish,)
+ pkg_*.......: package build messages (viz.: begin, finish, msg, skip, step, strip.)
+
+ --as-needed Don't build unless the midipix_build repository has received
+ new commits.
+ --debug-minipix Don't strip(1) minipix binaries to facilitate debugging minipix.
+ --reset-state Reset package build step state on exit.
+ --theme theme Set theme.
+
+ <group>[ ..] One of: dev_packages, dist, host_deps, host_deps_rpm,
+ host_toolchain, host_tools, minipix, native_packages,
+ native_runtime, native_toolchain, native_tools.
+
+ Prepend w/ `=' to inhibit group-group dependency expansion.
+
+ <variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]
+ Override build or package variable.
+```
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.6. ``pkgtool.sh``"
+## 4.6. ``pkgtool.sh``
+
+```
+usage: ./pkgtool.sh [-a nt32|nt64] [-b debug|release] [-e|-f|-i|-m <dname> -M <dname>|-p|-r|-R|-t]
+ [--theme theme] [-v]
+ [<variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]] name[,name..]
+
+ -a nt32|nt64 Selects 32-bit or 64-bit architecture; defaults to nt64.
+ -b debug|release Selects debug or release build kind; defaults to debug.
+ -e Edit package group file of single named package with ${EDITOR}.
+ -f List files installed by single package.
+ -i List package variables and dependencies of named package(s).
+ -m <dname> Setup package archives mirror in <dname> and/or
+ -M <dname> Setup Git repositories mirror in <dname>
+ Specify "" or '' as <dname> to default to the defaults in
+ ${HOME}/pkgtool.vars, if present.
+ -p <log_fname> Profile last build.
+ -r List reverse dependencies of single named package.
+ -R List recursive reverse dependencies of single named package.
+ -t Produce tarball of package build root directory and build log
+ file for the purpose of distribution given build failure.
+ -v Increase verbosity.
+
+ <variable name>=<variable override>[ ..]
+ Override build or package variable.
+```
+
+> N.B. When using ``pkgtool.sh`` on a build w/ build variables (see section [4.2](#42-build-variables))
+overriden on the command line or via the environment, ensure that they are included in the
+``pkgtool.sh`` command line, preceding the package name, or exported, respectively.
+
+> N.B. ``pkgtool.sh`` will source the ``${HOME}/pkgtool.vars`` file, if present, on startup where the
+following option arguments may be set: ``-a nt32|nt64`` by setting ``ARCH=...``, ``-b debug|release``
+by setting ``BUILD_KIND=...``, ``-m <dname>`` by setting ``ARG_MIRROR_DNAME=...``, and ``-M <dname>``
+by setting ``ARG_MIRROR_DNAME_GIT=...``.
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+[//]: # "{{{ 4.7. Bourne shell coding rules"
+## 4.7. Bourne shell coding rules
+
+If no rationale is specified for any specific point, the rationale is avoidance of undefined behaviour
+and/or implicit behaviour contingent on often subtle special cases, both of which are prone to cause
+hard to debug or even diagnose bugs.
+
+### Shell options
+
+1) The `noglob` option is set at all times *except* for when globbing is required, e.g.:
+ `set +o noglob; files=*; set -o noglob`
+2) The `nounset` option is set at all times; if a parameter is to be expanded that may be
+ unset, use the `${parameter:-word}` expansion format.
+3) The `errexit` option is unset at all times *except* for top-level subshell code that does
+ *not* engage in conditional evaluation, e.g. `([...] set -o errexit; [...]) &` due to its
+ implicit unsetting when a/any function is subject to conditional evaluation, e.g.: `[...]
+ set -o errexit; [...] if some_function; then [ ... ] fi`
+
+### Quoting and brace-enclosing
+
+4) Quoting with single quotes or double quotes is mandatory at all times *except* for when field
+ splitting subsequent to parameter expansion, etc. is required, e.g.: `params="a b c";
+ param="single parameter"; fn ${params} "${param}"`
+5) Enclosing parameter names in braces is mandatory at all times, e.g.: `${parameter_name123}`
+
+### Checking parameter status
+
+6) Checking for whether a parameter is set/non-empty or unset/empty is expressed with the following
+ the idiom: `[ "${parameter:+1}" = 1 ]` and `[ "${parameter:+1}" != 1 ]`
+
+ This is necessary to avoid the potentially costly expansion of a parameter's value when only its
+ status of being set/non-empty or unset/empty is of concern, particularly when this is done repeatedly.
+
+### Functions
+
+7) Functions must explicitly return either `0` or `1` at all times *except* for when specific
+ return exit statuses are specified according to the function's interface contract.
+8) Function names must have namespace prefixes followed by a `p` in the topmost namespace prefix
+ field in private functions, e.g.: `rtlp_log_do_something() { [...] }`
+9) The non-POSIX but extremely widely available `local` command must be used at at all times
+ in functions on all function-local variables.
+
+ This is necessary in order to avoid polluting the (global) parameter namespace.
+10) Function-local variables must be lower case and prefixed with a `_`, a prefix comprised of the
+ initial letters of each word in the function's name plus, in private functions, the `p` topmost
+ namespace prefix field postfix, and a `_`, where words are separated by `_` characters, e.g.:
+ `rtlp_log_do_something() { local _rplds_parameter=""; [...] }` and `ex_something() {
+ local _es_parameter=""; [ ...] }`
+
+ This is necessary in order to prevent implicit conflicts between two or more functions that share
+ a call path and would otherwise use the same variables names, such as `function1() { local
+ list="${1}"; function2 "${list}"; }; function2() { local list="${2}"; }`, particularly when those
+ functions acess and/or mutate each other's variables. Additionally, local variables are thus marked
+ with a `_` prefix and by being lower case.
+
+### `eval` rules
+
+11) The following special characters must be escaped with a backslash at all times in `eval`
+ expressions: `<newline>`, `"`, `'`, `[`, `\`, `]`, `<backtick>`, `$`
+12) If parameter expansion is to be evaluated with respect to a parameter reference, the following idiom
+ must be used at all times: `eval [...]\${${rparameter[...]}}`
+13) If quoting with single quotes or double quotes is required - see 4) - or brace-enclosing - see 5) -
+ and with respect to 11), viz. the single quotes or double quotes have been escaped with a backslash,
+ something must be evaluated as a single field, then that field must be doubly quoted with single or
+ double quotes, where the second set of quotes must not be escaped with a backslash, e.g.: `
+ rparameter=parameter; eval ${rparameter}="\"a b c\""`.
+ This is very rarely required.
+
+### Passing arguments
+
+14) The `fork/exec/write`-`read` pattern where a parameter is set to the result of a command
+ substitution expression which is executed in a subshell process, e.g.: `parameter="$(function)"`
+ is prohibited at all times *except* when an actual external command is invoked, e.g. `sort(1)`
+ or `sed(1)`.
+
+ This is necessary due to the very significant cost of the mentioned pattern, particularly concerning
+ primitive e.g. list or string processing functions with high contention.
+15) If a function is to return, produce, evaluate to, etc. an arbitrary value apart from the exit status,
+ it shall do so by receiving references to the target variables in the callers' scope from the caller
+ prefixed with a single `$` character, e.g. `function \$parameter` and `function() {
+ local _fn_rparameter="${1#\$}"; [..]; }` which are then set with `eval` expressions: `
+ function() { local _fn_rparameter="${1#\$}"; [...]; eval ${_fn_rparameter}=\'a b c\'; };` Refer to
+ 11)-13) for the rules concerning `eval`.
+
+ This is necessary due to 14) as well as the absence of any other calling convention other than using
+ implicit global variables, e.g.: `function1() { VARIABLE=; function2; }; function2() { VARIABLE=1;
+ }`
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+
+[//]: # "{{{ 5. References"
+## 5. References
+
+* ``Sun, 25 Apr 2016 09:04:08 +0000 [1]``<a href="https://www.musl-libc.org/faq.html" id="r1">musl FAQ</a>
+* ``Wed, 04 Mar 2020 13:36:19 +0000 [2]``<a href="https://midipix.org/#sec-midipix" id="r2">midipix - what is midipix, and how is it different?</a>
+* ``Wed, 29 Apr 2020 23:33:34 +0100 [3]``<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/security-policy-settings/user-rights-assignment" id="r3">User Rights Assignment (Windows 10) - Windows security | Microsoft Docs</a>
+* ``Wed, 29 Apr 2020 23:33:50 +0100 [4]``<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/articles/bb530410%28v%3dmsdn%2e10%29" id="r4">Windows Vista Application Development Requirements for User Account Control Compatibility | Microsoft Docs</a>
+
+[Back to top](#table-of-contents)
+
+[//]: # "}}}"
+
+[modeline]: # ( vim: set tw=0: )
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-11-21 20:17:07 +0000