entered advanced internal development stage.

112 files changed, 14028 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/argv/ntapi_tt_argv_envp.c b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_argv_envp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfa0cd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_argv_envp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+/**
+ *  rules for parsing the process's command line arguments
+ *  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
+ *
+ *  delimiters:
+ *  -----------
+ *  + white space    (ascii 0x20)
+ *  + horizontal tab (ascii 0x09)
+ *
+ *  quoted strings, and special characters
+ *  --------------------------------------
+ *  + delimiter characters within a quoted string ("string with white space",
+ *    or string" with white "space), stand for their literal respective
+ *    characters.
+ *
+ *  + a backslash followed by a double quote (\") stands for a literal
+ *    double quote.
+ *
+ *  + unless followed by a double quote, a backslash is just a (literal)
+ *    backslash.
+ *
+ *  + when followed by a double quotation mark, an even sequence of 2 or
+ *    more backslashes (2n) should be interpreted as a sequence of n literal
+ *    backslashes.  The double quotation mark then designates the start
+ *    or end of a double quoted string.
+ *
+ *  + when followed by a double quotation mark, an odd sequence of 2 or
+ *    more backslashes (2n+1) should be interpreted as a sequence of n
+ *    literal backslashes, followed by a single literal double quote.
+ *
+ *  + if found within a double quoted string, a sequence of two double
+ *    quotation marks should be interpreted as a single literal double
+ *    quote.
+ *
+ *  +  balanced nesting of syntactic double quotes is permitted.
+ *
+**/
+
+/* free-standing process runtime data */
+static nt_runtime_data	__rtdata;
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_parse_cmd_line_args_utf16(
+	__in	wchar16_t *	cmd_line,
+	__out	int *		arg_count,
+	__in	wchar16_t *	args_buffer,
+	__in	size_t		args_buffer_len,
+	__out	size_t *	args_bytes_written __optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t **	argv_buffer,
+	__in	size_t		argv_buffer_len,
+	__in	uint32_t	arg_flags)
+{
+	/**
+	  * parse the command line arguments pointed to by cmd_line,
+	  * copy the parsed arguments to args_buffer,
+	  * and return 0 upon success.
+	  *
+	  * cmd_line must be a valid pointer to a command line string,
+	  * and args_buffer, argv_buffer, and arg_count should
+	  * all be aligned; furthermore, args_buffer_len and
+	  * and argv_buffer_len must be exact multiples of sizeof(size_t).
+	  *
+	  * In case of an error, report failure using the appropriate
+	  * native status code.
+	**/
+
+	/**
+	 *  UTF-16: no need to fully determine the code point of the
+	 *  current character; all we need to do is validate the
+	 *  character or surrogate pair, and set the value of
+	 *  wch_next accordingly.
+	**/
+
+	#define HORIZONTAL_TAB	0x09
+	#define WHITE_SPACE	0x20
+	#define DOUBLE_QUOTE	0x22
+	#define SINGLE_QUOTE	0x27
+	#define BACKSLASH	0x5C
+
+	#define IS_DELIMITER(x)	((x == HORIZONTAL_TAB) || (x == WHITE_SPACE))
+
+	#define TEST_ARGS_BUFFER(nbytes) \
+				if ((uintptr_t)arg + nbytes \
+						> (uintptr_t)args_buffer + args_buffer_len) { \
+					return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL; \
+				}
+
+	#define ADD_N_BACKSLASHES \
+				TEST_ARGS_BUFFER(backslash_count * sizeof(wchar16_t)); \
+				for (islash = 0; \
+						islash < backslash_count; \
+						islash++) { \
+					*arg = BACKSLASH; \
+					arg++; \
+				} \
+				backslash_count = 0;
+
+	#define ADD_SINGLE_WCHAR16_t(x) \
+				TEST_ARGS_BUFFER(sizeof(wchar16_t)); \
+				*arg = x; \
+				arg++;
+
+	wchar16_t *	arg;		/* null-terminated, copied to buffer */
+	wchar16_t **	parg;		/* next pointer in the argv array */
+	wchar16_t *	wch;		/* character being processed */
+	wchar16_t *	wch_next;
+	unsigned int	backslash_count;
+	unsigned int	islash;
+	unsigned char	quoted_state;
+
+	/* check parameters for validity and alignment */
+	if ((!(uintptr_t)cmd_line) || (*cmd_line == 0))
+		/* we require at least one argument */
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_1;
+
+	else if (__NT_IS_MISALIGNED_BUFFER(args_buffer))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+
+	else if (__NT_IS_MISALIGNED_LENGTH(args_buffer_len))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_3;
+
+	else if (__NT_IS_MISALIGNED_BUFFER(argv_buffer))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_5;
+
+	else if (__NT_IS_MISALIGNED_LENGTH(argv_buffer_len))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_6;
+
+	else if (__NT_IS_MISALIGNED_BUFFER(arg_count))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_7;
+
+	/* zero-out the aligned buffers */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(args_buffer,0,args_buffer_len);
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(argv_buffer,0,argv_buffer_len);
+
+	/* initialize */
+	wch		= cmd_line;
+	arg		= args_buffer;
+	parg		= argv_buffer;
+	*parg		= arg;
+	*arg_count	= 0;
+	quoted_state	= 0;
+	backslash_count	= 0;
+
+	/* arg points to the first character of a command line argument */
+	/* parg points to the next pointer in argv_buffer */
+	while (*wch) {
+		if (!(quoted_state) && (IS_DELIMITER(*wch))) {
+			/* pending backslashes? */
+			if (backslash_count)
+				ADD_N_BACKSLASHES;
+
+			/* reached a delimiter outside of a quoted string */
+			/* argument: alignment and null-termination */
+			arg = (wchar16_t *)((((uintptr_t)arg + sizeof(size_t))
+					| (sizeof(size_t) - 1))
+					^ (sizeof(size_t) - 1));
+
+			/* skip this and remaining delimiters */
+			wch_next = wch + 1;
+			while ((*wch_next) && (IS_DELIMITER(*wch_next)))
+				wch_next++;
+
+			/* keep going? */
+			if (*wch_next == 0) {
+				/* no more characters to process */
+				/* nothing to do */
+			} else if ((uintptr_t)parg >= \
+					(uintptr_t)argv_buffer \
+					+ argv_buffer_len) {
+				/* argv_buffer is too small */
+				return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+			} else if ((uintptr_t)arg >= \
+					(uintptr_t)args_buffer \
+					+ args_buffer_len) {
+				/* args_buffer is too small */
+				return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+			} else {
+				/* advance parg, set last member  */
+				parg++;
+				*parg = arg;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* the current character is not a delimiter... */
+			/* determine wch_next */
+			if (((*wch >= 0x0000) && (*wch < 0xD800)) \
+				|| ((*wch >= 0xE000) && (*wch < 0x10000))) {
+				/* in the BMP, single 16-bit representation */
+				wch_next = wch + 1;
+			} else if ((*wch >= 0xD800) && (*wch < 0xDC00)) {
+				/* validate surrogate pair */
+				wch_next = wch + 1;
+
+				if ((*wch_next >= 0xDC00) && (*wch_next < 0xE000))
+					/* this is a valid surrogate pair */
+					wch_next++;
+				else
+					return NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+			} else
+				return NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+
+			/* we now know the position of this and the next character */
+			/* continue with special cases */
+
+			if (quoted_state && (*wch == DOUBLE_QUOTE) \
+					&& (*wch_next == DOUBLE_QUOTE)) {
+				/**
+				 *  two consecutive double quotation marks
+				 *  within a quoted string:
+				 *  add a single quotation mark to the argument
+				**/
+				ADD_SINGLE_WCHAR16_t(DOUBLE_QUOTE);
+				wch_next++;
+			} else if (((backslash_count % 2) == 0) \
+					&& (*wch == BACKSLASH) \
+					&& (*wch_next == DOUBLE_QUOTE)) {
+				/* 2n+1 backslashes followed by a double quote */
+				backslash_count /= 2;
+				/* add n backslashes */
+				ADD_N_BACKSLASHES;
+				/* add a literal double quotation mark */
+				ADD_SINGLE_WCHAR16_t(DOUBLE_QUOTE);
+				/* get ready for next character */
+				wch_next++;
+			} else if (backslash_count && (*wch == DOUBLE_QUOTE)) {
+				/* 2n backslashes followed by a double quote */
+				backslash_count /= 2;
+				/* add n backslashes */
+				ADD_N_BACKSLASHES;
+				/* turn quoted_state on/off */
+				quoted_state = !quoted_state;
+			} else if ((*wch == BACKSLASH) \
+						&& (*wch_next == BACKSLASH)) {
+				/* this is a sequence of two backslashes */
+				backslash_count += 2;
+				wch_next++;
+			} else {
+				/* copy pending backslashes as needed */
+				if (backslash_count)
+					ADD_N_BACKSLASHES;
+
+				if (*wch == DOUBLE_QUOTE) {
+					/* turn quoted_state on/off */
+					quoted_state = !quoted_state;
+				} else {
+					/* copy either two or four bytes */
+					ADD_SINGLE_WCHAR16_t(*wch);
+					wch++;
+
+					/* surrogate pair? */
+					if (wch < wch_next) {
+						ADD_SINGLE_WCHAR16_t(*wch);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* proceed to the next character (or null termination) */
+		wch = wch_next;
+	}
+
+	/* pending backslashes? */
+	if (backslash_count)
+		ADD_N_BACKSLASHES;
+
+	/* null termination */
+	ADD_SINGLE_WCHAR16_t(0);
+
+	/* how many arguments did you say? */
+	*arg_count = (int)(((uintptr_t)parg - (uintptr_t)argv_buffer)
+				/ sizeof(size_t) + 1);
+
+	/* output bytes written */
+	if (args_bytes_written)
+		*args_bytes_written = (uintptr_t)arg - (uintptr_t)args_buffer;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf16(
+	__out	int *		argc,
+	__out	wchar16_t ***	wargv,
+	__out	wchar16_t ***	wenvp,
+	__in	uint32_t	flags,
+	__in	void *		ext_params	__optional,
+	__out	void *		reserved	__optional)
+{
+	nt_runtime_data *		rtdata;
+	nt_argv_envp_block_info		main_params_internal;
+	nt_argv_envp_block_info *	main_params;
+	nt_get_argv_envp_ext_params *	__ext_params;
+	ntapi_internals *		__internals;
+
+	unsigned	idx;
+	int32_t		status;
+	uintptr_t	addr;
+	intptr_t	offset;
+	wchar16_t *	wch_s;
+	wchar16_t *	wch_dst;
+	wchar16_t **	wch_p;
+	char **		ch_p;
+	uintptr_t *	psrc;
+	uintptr_t *	pdst;
+	uintptr_t *	paligned;
+	wchar16_t *	pboundary;
+
+	/* init */
+	__internals = __ntapi_internals();
+
+	/* use internal buffer? */
+	if (flags & NT_GET_ARGV_ENVP_USE_CALLER_BUFFER) {
+		__ext_params = (nt_get_argv_envp_ext_params *)ext_params;
+		main_params  = &(__ext_params->argv_envp_block_info);
+	} else {
+		/* pointers to internal/local structures */
+		main_params = &main_params_internal;
+
+		/* init */
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			main_params,0,
+			sizeof(*main_params));
+
+		/* use internal buffer */
+		main_params->cmd_line		 = __ntapi_tt_get_cmd_line_utf16();
+		main_params->wargv_buffer	 = __internals->ntapi_img_sec_bss->argv_envp_array;
+		main_params->wargv_buffer_len	 = __NT_BSS_ARGV_BUFFER_SIZE;
+		main_params->argv_envp_ptr_total	 = (int)(main_params->wargv_buffer_len
+							/ sizeof(uintptr_t));
+		main_params->wargs_buffer	 = (wchar16_t *)&(__internals->ntapi_img_sec_bss->args_envs_buffer);
+		main_params->wargs_buffer_len	 = __NT_BSS_ARGS_BUFFER_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* (__ntapi_parse_cmd_line_args_utf16 will zero-out both buffers) */
+	status = __ntapi_tt_parse_cmd_line_args_utf16(
+		main_params->cmd_line,
+		&main_params->argc,
+		main_params->wargs_buffer,
+		main_params->wargs_buffer_len,
+		&main_params->wargs_bytes_written,
+		main_params->wargv_buffer,
+		main_params->wargv_buffer_len,
+		0);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* argv[] needs a terminating null pointer */
+	if (main_params->argc == main_params->argv_envp_ptr_total)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	/* set idx to the envp[0] array index */
+	idx = main_params->argc + 1;
+
+	/* set wenvp[] to its starting address */
+	main_params->wenvp_buffer = &main_params->wargv_buffer[idx];
+
+	/* update wargv_buffer_len and envp_buffer_len */
+	main_params->wenvp_buffer_len = main_params->wargv_buffer_len
+					- (idx * sizeof(uintptr_t));
+
+	main_params->wargv_buffer_len = idx * sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	/* align wenvs at pointer-size boundary */
+	main_params->wargs_bytes_written += sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1;
+	main_params->wargs_bytes_written /= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	main_params->wargs_bytes_written *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	/* book-keeping */
+	main_params->wenvs_buffer  = main_params->wargs_buffer
+					+ main_params->wargs_bytes_written;
+
+	main_params->wenvs_buffer_len = main_params->wargs_buffer_len 
+					- main_params->wargs_bytes_written;
+
+	main_params->wargs_buffer_len = main_params->wargs_bytes_written;
+
+
+	/* peb environment block (read-only) */
+	wch_s = __ntapi_tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16();
+
+	if ((!wch_s) || (!*wch_s))
+		return NT_STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED;
+
+	/* populate the envp[] array */
+	while ((*wch_s) && (idx < main_params->argv_envp_ptr_total)) {
+		main_params->envc++;
+		wch_p = &(main_params->wargv_buffer[idx]);
+		*wch_p = wch_s;
+
+		/* skip the rest of the environment variable */
+		while (*++wch_s);
+
+		/* advance to the next variable (or final null termination) */
+		wch_s++;
+		idx++;
+	}
+
+	/* envp[] needs a terminating null pointer */
+	if ((*wch_s) && (idx = main_params->argv_envp_ptr_total))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	/* copy environment? */
+	if (flags & NT_GET_ARGV_ENVP_COPY_ENVIRONMENT) {
+		/* wch_s now points at the final null termination */
+		main_params->wenvs_bytes_used =
+				((uintptr_t)wch_s
+				- (uintptr_t)(*main_params->wenvp_buffer));
+
+		/* do we have enough room? */
+		if (main_params->wenvs_buffer_len < main_params->wenvs_bytes_used)
+			return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+		/* upper boundary */
+		pboundary = ++wch_s;
+
+		/* you'd expect the peb environment block to be aligned, 
+		   but one can never know... */
+		wch_s 	= *main_params->wenvp_buffer;
+		wch_dst = main_params->wenvs_buffer;
+
+		while ((uintptr_t)wch_s % sizeof(uintptr_t)) {
+			*wch_dst = *wch_s;
+			wch_s++;
+			wch_dst++;
+		}
+
+		/* copy the aligned portion of the environment block */
+		addr = (uintptr_t)(pboundary);
+		addr /= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+		addr *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+		paligned = (uintptr_t *)addr;
+
+		psrc = (uintptr_t *)wch_s;
+		pdst = (uintptr_t *)wch_dst;
+
+		while (psrc < paligned) {
+			*pdst = *psrc;
+			psrc++;
+			pdst++;
+		}
+
+		/* copy any remaining bytes */
+		wch_s	= (wchar16_t *)paligned;
+		wch_dst	= (wchar16_t *)pdst;
+
+		while (wch_s < pboundary) {
+			*wch_dst = *wch_s;
+			wch_s++;
+			wch_dst++;
+		}
+
+		/* finally, we update the envp[] pointers */
+		offset = (intptr_t)main_params->wenvs_buffer
+			- (intptr_t)*main_params->wenvp_buffer;
+
+		wch_p = main_params->wenvp_buffer;
+
+		while (*wch_p) {
+			addr = ((uintptr_t)*wch_p) + offset;
+			*wch_p = (wchar16_t *)addr;
+			wch_p++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* (command line arguments always get validated) */
+	/* validate the environment block? */
+	if (flags & NT_GET_ARGV_ENVP_VALIDATE_UTF16) {
+		wch_p = main_params->wenvp_buffer;
+
+		while (*wch_p) {
+			status = __ntapi->uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf16(
+				*wch_p,
+				0,0,0,0,0);
+
+			if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+				return status;
+			else
+				wch_p++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* once */
+	if (!__internals->rtdata) {
+		__ntapi->tt_get_runtime_data(
+			&__internals->rtdata,
+			main_params->wargv_buffer);
+
+		if (!__internals->rtdata) {
+			__internals->rtdata = &__rtdata;
+
+			if ((status =__ntapi->tt_init_runtime_data(&__rtdata)))
+				return status;
+
+		} else if ((status =__ntapi->tt_update_runtime_data(__internals->rtdata)))
+			return status;
+
+		rtdata = __internals->rtdata;
+
+		rtdata->peb_envc  = main_params->envc;
+		rtdata->peb_argc	  = main_params->argc;
+		rtdata->peb_wargv = main_params->wargv_buffer;
+		rtdata->peb_wenvp = main_params->wenvp_buffer;
+
+		/* integral wargv, wenvp, argv, envp */
+		if (rtdata->wargv) {
+			rtdata->wargv += (uintptr_t)rtdata / sizeof(wchar16_t *);
+
+			for (wch_p=rtdata->wargv; *wch_p; wch_p++)
+				*wch_p += (uintptr_t)rtdata / sizeof(wchar16_t);
+		};
+
+		if (rtdata->wenvp) {
+			rtdata->wenvp += (uintptr_t)rtdata / sizeof(wchar16_t *);
+
+			for (wch_p=rtdata->wenvp; *wch_p; wch_p++)
+				*wch_p += (uintptr_t)rtdata / sizeof(wchar16_t);
+		}
+
+		if (rtdata->argv) {
+			rtdata->argv += (uintptr_t)rtdata / sizeof(char *);
+
+			for (ch_p=rtdata->argv; *ch_p; ch_p++)
+				*ch_p += (uintptr_t)rtdata;
+
+			rtdata->argc = (int32_t)(ch_p - rtdata->argv);
+		};
+
+		if (rtdata->envp) {
+			rtdata->envp += (uintptr_t)rtdata / sizeof(char *);
+
+			for (ch_p=rtdata->envp; *ch_p; ch_p++)
+				*ch_p += (uintptr_t)rtdata;
+
+			rtdata->envc = (int32_t)(ch_p - rtdata->envp);
+		};
+	}
+
+	/* we're good */
+	*argc = main_params->argc;
+	*wargv = main_params->wargv_buffer;
+	*wenvp = main_params->wenvp_buffer;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall 	__ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf8(
+	__out	int *		argc,
+	__out	char ***	argv,
+	__out	char ***	envp,
+	__in	uint32_t	flags,
+	__in	void *		ext_params	__optional,
+	__out	void *		reserved	__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	ntapi_internals *	__internals;
+
+	wchar16_t **	wargv;
+	wchar16_t **	wenvp;
+	uint32_t	pcount;
+
+	nt_get_argv_envp_ext_params	__ext_params_internal;
+	nt_get_argv_envp_ext_params *	__ext_params;
+	nt_argv_envp_block_info *	main_params;
+
+	/* use internal buffer? */
+	if (flags & NT_GET_ARGV_ENVP_USE_CALLER_BUFFER) {
+		__ext_params = (nt_get_argv_envp_ext_params *)ext_params;
+		main_params  = &__ext_params->argv_envp_block_info;
+	} else {
+		/* pointers to internal/local structures */
+		__ext_params = &__ext_params_internal;
+		main_params  = &__ext_params->argv_envp_block_info;
+
+		/* init */
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			main_params,0,
+			sizeof(*main_params));
+
+		__internals = __ntapi_internals();
+
+		/* use internal buffer */
+		main_params->cmd_line		 = __ntapi_tt_get_cmd_line_utf16();
+		main_params->wargv_buffer	 = __internals->ntapi_img_sec_bss->argv_envp_array;
+		main_params->wargv_buffer_len	 = __NT_BSS_ARGV_BUFFER_SIZE;
+		main_params->argv_envp_ptr_total	 = (int)(main_params->wargv_buffer_len
+							/ sizeof(uintptr_t));
+		main_params->wargs_buffer	 = (wchar16_t *)&(__internals->ntapi_img_sec_bss->args_envs_buffer);
+		main_params->wargs_buffer_len	 = __NT_BSS_ARGS_BUFFER_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* start with obtaining the utf-16 environment */
+	status = __ntapi->tt_get_argv_envp_utf16(
+		argc,
+		&wargv,
+		&wenvp,
+		flags | NT_GET_ARGV_ENVP_USE_CALLER_BUFFER,
+		__ext_params,
+		reserved);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* enough pointers left? */
+	pcount = main_params->argc + 1 + main_params->envc + 1;
+
+	if (pcount > (main_params->argv_envp_ptr_total / 2))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+	else if ((main_params->wenvs_buffer_len - main_params->wenvs_bytes_used)
+			< sizeof(uintptr_t))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	/* first args byte should be aligned at pointer-size boundary */
+	main_params->wenvs_bytes_used += sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1;
+	main_params->wenvs_bytes_used /= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	main_params->wenvs_bytes_used *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	/* book-keeping */
+	/* block reminder: wargs -- wenvs -- args -- envs */
+	main_params->argv = (char **)main_params->wenvp_buffer;
+	main_params->argv += main_params->envc + 1;
+
+	main_params->args_buffer = (char *)main_params->wenvs_buffer;
+	main_params->args_buffer += main_params->wenvs_bytes_used;
+
+	main_params->args_buffer_len = main_params->wenvs_buffer_len
+					- main_params->wenvs_bytes_used;
+
+	main_params->wenvs_buffer_len = main_params->wenvs_bytes_used;
+
+	/* create a utf-8 argv[] array */
+	status = __ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf16_to_utf8(
+		main_params->wargv_buffer,
+		main_params->argv,
+		0,
+		main_params->args_buffer,
+		main_params->args_buffer_len,
+		&main_params->args_bytes_written);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* first envs byte should be aligned to pointer-size boundary */
+	main_params->args_bytes_written += sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1;
+	main_params->args_bytes_written /= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	main_params->args_bytes_written *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	/* book-keeping */
+	main_params->envp = main_params->argv + main_params->argc + 1;
+
+	main_params->envs_buffer  = main_params->args_buffer
+					+ main_params->args_bytes_written;
+
+	main_params->envs_buffer_len = main_params->args_buffer_len 
+					- main_params->args_bytes_written;
+
+	main_params->args_buffer_len = main_params->args_bytes_written;
+
+	/* subsequent streams (if any) should be aligned to pointer-size boundary */
+	main_params->envs_bytes_used += sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1;
+	main_params->envs_bytes_used /= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	main_params->envs_bytes_used *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	/* create a utf-8 envp[] array */
+	status = __ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf16_to_utf8(
+		main_params->wenvp_buffer,
+		main_params->envp,
+		0,
+		main_params->envs_buffer,
+		main_params->envs_buffer_len,
+		&main_params->envs_bytes_used);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* we're good */
+	*argc = main_params->argc;
+	*argv = main_params->argv;
+	*envp = main_params->envp;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+wchar16_t * __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_cmd_line_utf16(void)
+{
+	nt_peb *		peb;
+	nt_unicode_string	cmd_line;
+
+	peb = (nt_peb *)pe_get_peb_address();
+
+	if (peb) {
+		cmd_line = peb->process_params->command_line;
+		return cmd_line.buffer;
+	} else
+		return (wchar16_t *)0;
+}
+
+
+wchar16_t * __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16(void)
+{
+	nt_peb *		peb;
+
+	peb = (nt_peb *)pe_get_peb_address();
+
+	if (peb)
+		return peb->process_params->environment;
+	else
+		return (wchar16_t *)0;
+}
diff --git a/src/argv/ntapi_tt_array_utf16.c b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_array_utf16.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8bbb8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_array_utf16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_argv.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+/**
+ * scenario: program -e app [arg1 arg2 ... argn]
+ * input:    a utf-16 argument vector
+ * output:   a utf-16 cmd_line string
+ * example:  tty_pipe_create_child_process
+**/
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf16(
+	__out	int *			argc,
+	__in	const wchar16_t **	wargv,
+	__in	const wchar16_t **	wenvp,
+	__in	const wchar16_t *	image_name	__optional,
+	__in	const wchar16_t *	interpreter	__optional,
+	__in	const wchar16_t *	optarg		__optional,
+	__in	void *			base,
+	__out	void *			buffer,
+	__in	size_t			buflen,
+	__out	size_t *		blklen)
+{
+	const wchar16_t **	parg;
+	const wchar16_t *	warg;
+	const wchar16_t *	dummy;
+	wchar16_t *		wch;
+	ptrdiff_t		diff;
+	ptrdiff_t		ptrs;
+	size_t			needed;
+
+	/* fallback */
+	dummy = 0;
+	wargv = wargv ? wargv : &dummy;
+	wenvp = wenvp ? wenvp : &dummy;
+
+	/* ptrs, needed */
+	ptrs   = 0;
+	needed = 0;
+
+	if (image_name) {
+		ptrs++;
+		needed += sizeof(wchar16_t *)
+			+ __ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_short((const int16_t *)image_name)
+			+ sizeof(wchar16_t);
+	}
+
+	for (parg=wargv; *parg; parg++)
+		needed += sizeof(wchar16_t *)
+			+ __ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_short((const int16_t *)*parg)
+			+ sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	ptrs += (parg - wargv);
+	*argc = (int)ptrs;
+
+	for (parg=wenvp; *parg; parg++)
+		needed += sizeof(wchar16_t *)
+			+ __ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_short((const int16_t *)*parg)
+			+ sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	ptrs += (parg - wenvp);
+
+	ptrs    += 2;
+	needed  += 2*sizeof(wchar16_t *);
+	blklen  = blklen ? blklen : &needed;
+	*blklen = needed;
+
+	if (buflen < needed)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	/* init */
+	parg = (const wchar16_t **)buffer;
+	wch  = (wchar16_t *)(parg+ptrs);
+	diff = (uintptr_t)base / sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	/* image_name */
+	if (image_name) {
+		*parg++ = wch-diff;
+		for (warg=image_name; *warg; warg++,wch++)
+			*wch = *warg;
+		*wch++ = '\0';
+	}
+
+	/* argv */
+	for (; *wargv; wargv++) {
+		*parg++=wch-diff;
+		for (warg=*wargv; *warg; warg++,wch++)
+			*wch = *warg;
+		*wch++ = '\0';
+	}
+
+	*parg++ = 0;
+
+	/* envp */
+	for (; *wenvp; wenvp++) {
+		*parg++=wch-diff;
+		for (warg=*wenvp; *warg; warg++,wch++)
+			*wch = *warg;
+		*wch++ = '\0';
+	}
+
+	*parg++ = 0;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf16_to_utf8(
+	__in		wchar16_t **			warrv,
+	__in		char **				arrv,
+	__in		void *				base,
+	__in		char *				buffer,
+	__in		size_t				buffer_len,
+	__out		size_t *			bytes_written)
+{
+	uint8_t *	ubound;
+	uint8_t *	ch;
+	wchar16_t *	wch;
+	wchar16_t	wx;
+	wchar16_t	wy;
+	wchar16_t	wz;
+	wchar16_t	wy_low;
+	wchar16_t	wy_high;
+	wchar16_t	ww;
+	wchar16_t	uuuuu;
+	wchar16_t	u_low;
+	wchar16_t	u_high;
+	ptrdiff_t	diff;
+
+	#define __UTF8_MAX_CODE_POINT_BYTES	(4)
+
+	ch	= (uint8_t *)buffer;
+	ubound	= (uint8_t *)buffer + buffer_len - __UTF8_MAX_CODE_POINT_BYTES;
+	diff	= (uintptr_t)base / sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	while (warrv && *warrv) {
+		*arrv	= (char *)(ch-(uintptr_t)base);
+		wch	= *warrv + diff;
+
+		/* all utf-16 streams at stake have been validated */
+		while (*wch && (ch < ubound)) {
+			if (*wch <= 0x7F) {
+				/* from: 00000000 0xxxxxxx (little endian) */
+				/* to:   0xxxxxxx          (utf-8)    */
+				*ch = (char)(*wch);
+			} else if (*wch <= 0x7FF) {
+				/* from: 00000yyy yyxxxxxx (little endian) */
+				/* to:   110yyyyy 10xxxxxx (utf-8)    */
+				wy  = *wch;
+				wy >>= 6;
+
+				wx  = *wch;
+				wx <<= 10;
+				wx >>= 10;
+
+				/* write the y part */
+				*ch = (char)(0xC0 | wy);
+				ch++;
+
+				/* write the x part */
+				*ch = (char)(0x80 | wx);
+			} else if ((*wch < 0xD800) || (*wch >= 0xE000)) {
+				/* from: zzzzyyyy yyxxxxxx (little endian)  */
+				/* to:   1110zzzz 10yyyyyy 10xxxxxx (utf-8) */
+				wz  = *wch;
+				wz >>= 12;
+
+				wy  = *wch;
+				wy <<= 4;
+				wy >>= 10;
+
+				wx  = *wch;
+				wx <<= 10;
+				wx >>= 10;
+
+				/* write the z part */
+				*ch = (char)(0xE0 | wz);
+				ch++;
+
+				/* write the y part */
+				*ch = (char)(0x80 | wy);
+				ch++;
+
+				/* write the x part */
+				*ch = (char)(0x80 | wx);
+			} else {
+				/* from: 110110ww  wwzzzzyy  110111yy  yyxxxxxx (little endian) */
+				/* to:   11110uuu  10uuzzzz  10yyyyyy  10xxxxxx (utf-8)         */
+
+				/* low two bytes */
+				wx  = *wch;
+				wx <<= 10;
+				wx >>= 10;
+
+				wy_low  = *wch;
+				wy_low <<= 6;
+				wy_low >>= 12;
+
+				/* (surrogate pair) */
+				wch++;
+
+				/* high two bytes */
+				wy_high  = *wch;
+				wy_high <<= 14;
+				wy_high >>= 10;
+
+				wz  = *wch;
+				wz <<= 10;
+				wz >>= 12;
+				wz <<= 2;
+
+				ww  = *wch;
+				ww <<= 6;
+				ww >>= 12;
+
+				uuuuu  = ww + 1;
+				u_high  = uuuuu >> 2;
+				u_low = ((uuuuu << 14) >> 10);
+
+				/* 1st byte: 11110uuu */
+				*ch = (char)(0xF0 | u_high);
+				ch++;
+
+				/* 2nd byte: 10uuzzzz */
+				*ch = (char)(0x80 | u_low | wz);
+				ch++;
+
+				/* 3rd byte: 10yyyyyy */
+				*ch = (char)(0x80 | wy_low | wy_high);
+				ch++;
+
+				/* 4th byte: 10xxxxxx */
+				*ch = (char)(0x80 | wx);
+			}
+
+			ch++;
+			wch++;
+		}
+
+		if (*wch)
+			return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+		ch++;
+		arrv++;
+		warrv++;
+	}
+
+	*bytes_written = (size_t)(ch - (uint8_t *)buffer);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/argv/ntapi_tt_array_utf8.c b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_array_utf8.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d3b837
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_array_utf8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_argv.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf8(
+	__out	int *			argc,
+	__in	const char **		argv,
+	__in	const char **		envp,
+	__in	const char *		image_name	__optional,
+	__in	const char *		interpreter	__optional,
+	__in	const char *		optarg		__optional,
+	__in	void *			base,
+	__out	void *			buffer,
+	__in	size_t			buflen,
+	__out	size_t *		blklen)
+{
+	const char **	parg;
+	const char *	arg;
+	const char *	dummy;
+	char *		ch;
+	ptrdiff_t	diff;
+	ptrdiff_t	ptrs;
+	size_t		needed;
+
+	/* fallback */
+	dummy = 0;
+	argv = argv ? argv : &dummy;
+	envp = envp ? envp : &dummy;
+
+	/* ptrs, needed */
+	ptrs   = 0;
+	needed = 0;
+
+	if (image_name) {
+		ptrs++;
+		needed += sizeof(char *)
+			+ __ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_multibyte(image_name)
+			+ sizeof(char);
+	}
+
+	for (parg=argv; *parg; parg++)
+		needed += sizeof(char *)
+			+ __ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_multibyte(*parg)
+			+ sizeof(char);
+
+	ptrs += (parg - argv);
+	*argc = (int)ptrs;
+
+	for (parg=envp; *parg; parg++)
+		needed += sizeof(char *)
+			+ __ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_multibyte(*parg)
+			+ sizeof(char);
+
+	ptrs += (parg - envp);
+
+	ptrs    += 2;
+	needed  += 2*sizeof(char *);
+	blklen  = blklen ? blklen : &needed;
+	*blklen = needed;
+
+	if (buflen < needed)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	/* init */
+	parg = (const char **)buffer;
+	ch  = (char *)(parg+ptrs);
+	diff = (ptrdiff_t)base;
+
+	/* image_name */
+	if (image_name) {
+		*parg++ = ch-diff;
+		for (arg=image_name; *arg; arg++,ch++)
+			*ch = *arg;
+		*ch++ = '\0';
+	}
+
+	/* argv */
+	for (; *argv; argv++) {
+		*parg++=ch-diff;
+		for (arg=*argv; *arg; arg++,ch++)
+			*ch = *arg;
+		*ch++ = '\0';
+	}
+
+	*parg++ = 0;
+
+	/* envp */
+	for (; *envp; envp++) {
+		*parg++=ch-diff;
+		for (arg=*envp; *arg; arg++,ch++)
+			*ch = *arg;
+		*ch++ = '\0';
+	}
+
+	*parg++ = 0;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf8_to_utf16(
+	__in		char **		arrv,
+	__in		wchar16_t **	arra,
+	__in		void *		base,
+	__in		wchar16_t *	buffer,
+	__in		size_t		buffer_len,
+	__out		size_t *	bytes_written)
+{
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/argv/ntapi_tt_env_vars.c b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_env_vars.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1af9b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_env_vars.c
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_env_var_meta_utf16(
+	__in	const uint32_t *	crc32_table,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		env_var_name,
+	__in	uint32_t		env_var_name_hash __optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t **		envp,
+	__out	nt_env_var_meta_utf16 *	env_var_meta)
+{
+	int		idx;
+	uint32_t	crc32;
+	unsigned char *	byte_buffer;
+	wchar16_t *	wch;
+
+	#define EQUAL_SIGN	0x3D
+
+	/* step 1: crc32 of the target env_var_name */
+	if (env_var_name_hash)
+		crc32 = env_var_name_hash;
+	else {
+		crc32 = 0 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+		/* initialize byte_buffer */
+		byte_buffer = (unsigned char *)env_var_name;
+
+		/* iterate */
+		while (*byte_buffer) {
+			/* two bytes at a time */
+			crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+			byte_buffer++;
+			crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+			byte_buffer++;
+		}
+		crc32 = (crc32 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF);
+	}
+
+	/* initialize the env_var_meta structure */
+	env_var_meta->name_hash		= crc32;
+	env_var_meta->name		= (wchar16_t *)0;
+	env_var_meta->value		= (wchar16_t *)0;
+	env_var_meta->value_hash	= 0;
+	env_var_meta->envp_index	= 0;
+	env_var_meta->flags		= 0;
+
+	/* step 2: look for the environment variable in envp[] */
+	idx = 0;
+	while (envp[idx] && (!env_var_meta->value)) {
+		wch = envp[idx];
+
+		/* find the equal sign */
+		while ((*wch) && (*wch != EQUAL_SIGN))
+			wch++;
+
+		if (*wch != EQUAL_SIGN)
+			return NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+
+		/* hash the current environment variable */
+		crc32 = 0 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+		/* initialize byte_buffer */
+		byte_buffer = (unsigned char *)envp[idx];
+
+		/* iterate */
+		while ((uintptr_t)(byte_buffer) < (uintptr_t)wch) {
+			/* two bytes at a time */
+			crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+			byte_buffer++;
+			crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+			byte_buffer++;
+		}
+
+		if (env_var_meta->name_hash == (crc32 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF)) {
+			/* found it, get ready to hash the value */
+			wch++;
+			env_var_meta->name	 = envp[idx];
+			env_var_meta->value	 = wch;
+			env_var_meta->envp_index = idx;
+		} else {
+			idx++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (env_var_meta->value) {
+		/* hash the value: utf-16, null-terminated */
+		crc32 = 0 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+		/* initialize byte_buffer */
+		byte_buffer = (unsigned char *)env_var_meta->value;
+
+		/* iterate */
+		while (*byte_buffer) {
+			/* two bytes at a time */
+			crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+			byte_buffer++;
+			crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+			byte_buffer++;
+		}
+
+		env_var_meta->value_hash = (crc32 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF);
+	}
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/argv/ntapi_tt_get_option.c b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_get_option.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6f0748
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/argv/ntapi_tt_get_option.c
@@ -0,0 +1,451 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+/**
+ *  a simple facility for minimal programs or system libraries
+ *  with no libc available at the time of invocation, as well
+ *  as applications using the midipix free-standing development
+ *  environment.
+ *
+ *  the approach taken by this module to the support of short
+ *  and long options reflects the above constraint, namely
+ *  the absence of a callable libc at the time of invocation;
+ *  there is no intent for interfaces in this module to
+ *  be POSIXLY correct or otherwise portable.  the sole
+ *  purpose of all functions in this module is to serve
+ *  internal or otherwise free-standing midipix applications,
+ *  and their relevance otherwise is accordingly non-existent.
+ *
+ *  all options are encoded in utf-16; note, however, that
+ *  short options may only use code points that are located
+ *  in the basic multilingual plane.
+ *
+ *  option values are either required or not allowed altogether,
+ *  and the first character of an option value may not be a hyphen.
+ *  if you need the first character of an option value to be a
+ *  hyphen, then make sure you escape it somehow (for instance by
+ *  enclosing it in quotation marks).
+ *
+ *  a short option and its value must reside in two separate
+ *  argv[] elements (in other words: -ooutput is illegal).
+ *
+ *  a long option and its value must reside in the same argv[]
+ *  element and be separated by a single equal sign.
+ *
+ *  Examples of valid options and option values:
+ *  --------------------------------------------
+ *  -o
+ *  -o value
+ *  --long-option-with-no-value
+ *  --long-option=value
+**/
+
+#define HYPHEN		0x2D
+#define EQUAL_SIGN	0x3D
+
+
+static int __inline__ __fastcall __is_bmp_code_point(wchar16_t code_point)
+{
+	return (((code_point >= 0x0000) && (code_point < 0xD800)) \
+		|| ((code_point >= 0xE000) && (code_point < 0x10000)));
+}
+
+
+static int __inline__ __fastcall __is_last_program_option(
+	__in	nt_program_option *	option)
+{
+	return (!(option->short_name_code))
+		&& (!(option->long_name))
+		&& (!(option->long_name_hash));
+}
+
+
+static int __fastcall __is_short_option(wchar16_t * wch)
+{
+	return ((wch) && (*wch == HYPHEN)
+		&& __is_bmp_code_point(*++wch)
+		&& (*++wch == 0));
+}
+
+static int __fastcall __is_long_option(wchar16_t * wch)
+{
+	return ((wch) && (*wch == HYPHEN)
+		&& (++wch) && (*wch == HYPHEN)
+		&& (*++wch));
+}
+
+
+static int __fastcall __is_last_option_argument(wchar16_t * wch)
+{
+	return ((wch) && (*wch == HYPHEN)
+		&& (*++wch == HYPHEN)
+		&& (*++wch == 0));
+}
+
+
+static uint32_t __fastcall __compute_crc32_utf16_str(
+	__in	const uint32_t *	crc32_table,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		wch)
+{
+	uint32_t	crc32;
+	unsigned char *	byte_buffer;
+
+	/* crc32 hash... */
+	crc32 = 0 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+	/* initialize byte_buffer */
+	byte_buffer = (unsigned char *)wch;
+
+	/* iterate */
+	while (*byte_buffer) {
+		/* two bytes at a time */
+		crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+		byte_buffer++;
+		crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+		byte_buffer++;
+	}
+
+	return crc32;
+}
+
+
+static uint32_t __fastcall __compute_crc32_long_option_name(
+	__in	const uint32_t *	crc32_table,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		wch_arg,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		wch_termination)
+{
+	uint32_t	crc32;
+	unsigned char *	byte_buffer;
+
+	/* crc32 hash... */
+	crc32 = 0 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+	/* initialize byte_buffer */
+	byte_buffer = (unsigned char *)wch_arg;
+
+	/* iterate */
+	while ((uintptr_t)byte_buffer < (uintptr_t)wch_termination) {
+		/* two bytes at a time */
+		crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+		byte_buffer++;
+		crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *byte_buffer) & 0xFF];
+		byte_buffer++;
+	}
+
+	return crc32;
+}
+
+
+static void __fastcall __init_cmd_option_meta_utf16(
+	__in	nt_cmd_option_meta_utf16 *	cmd_opt_meta)
+{
+	cmd_opt_meta->short_name	= (wchar16_t *)0;
+	cmd_opt_meta->short_name_code	= 0;
+	cmd_opt_meta->long_name		= (wchar16_t *)0;
+	cmd_opt_meta->long_name_hash	= 0;
+	cmd_opt_meta->value		= (wchar16_t *)0;
+	cmd_opt_meta->value_hash	= 0;
+	cmd_opt_meta->argv_index	= 0;
+	cmd_opt_meta->flags		= 0;
+
+	return;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_short_option_meta_utf16(
+	__in	const uint32_t *		crc32_table,
+	__in	wchar16_t			option_name,
+	__in	wchar16_t *			argv[],
+	__out	nt_cmd_option_meta_utf16 *	cmd_opt_meta)
+{
+	int		idx;
+	wchar16_t *	wch;
+
+	if (!crc32_table)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_1;
+	else if (!option_name)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+	else if (!argv)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_3;
+
+	/* initialize cmd_opt_meta  */
+	__init_cmd_option_meta_utf16(cmd_opt_meta);
+
+	/* step 1: attempt to find the short option in argv[] */
+	idx = 0;
+	while (argv[idx] && (!cmd_opt_meta->short_name_code)) {
+		wch = argv[idx];
+
+		/* is this our option? */
+		if ((*wch == HYPHEN)
+			&& (*++wch == option_name)
+			&& (*++wch == 0)) {
+
+			/* found it, get ready to hash the value */
+			cmd_opt_meta->short_name_code = option_name;
+			cmd_opt_meta->short_name = argv[idx];
+			cmd_opt_meta->argv_index = idx;
+		} else {
+			idx++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* if the next argument is also an option (or is null), just exit */
+	idx++;
+	if ((!argv[idx]) || (*argv[idx] == HYPHEN))
+		return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+	/* step 2: hash the value */
+	cmd_opt_meta->value = argv[idx];
+	cmd_opt_meta->value_hash =
+		__compute_crc32_utf16_str(
+			crc32_table,
+			argv[idx]);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_long_option_meta_utf16(
+	__in	const uint32_t *		crc32_table,
+	__in	wchar16_t *			option_name,
+	__in	uint32_t			option_name_hash __optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t *			argv[],
+	__out	nt_cmd_option_meta_utf16 *	cmd_opt_meta)
+{
+	/**
+	 *  option_name must always include the two-hyphen prefix;
+	 *  and the option value must be preceded by an equal sign.
+	 *
+	 *  the only valid long option forms in argv[] are therefore:
+	 *  --long-option
+	 *  --long-option=value
+	**/
+
+	int		idx;
+	uint32_t	crc32;
+	wchar16_t *	wch;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!crc32_table)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_1;
+	else if ((!option_name) && (!option_name_hash))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	else if ((option_name) && (option_name_hash))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+	else if (!argv)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_4;
+
+	/* initialize cmd_opt_meta  */
+	__init_cmd_option_meta_utf16(cmd_opt_meta);
+
+	/* step 1: crc32 of the target option_name */
+	if (option_name_hash)
+		crc32 = option_name_hash;
+	else
+		option_name_hash =
+			__compute_crc32_utf16_str(
+				crc32_table,
+				option_name);
+
+	/* step 2: attempt to find the long option in argv[] */
+	idx = 0;
+	while (argv[idx] && (!cmd_opt_meta->value))  {
+		wch = argv[idx];
+
+		if (__is_long_option(wch)) {
+			/* find the equal sign or null termination */
+			while ((*wch) && (*wch != EQUAL_SIGN))
+				wch++;
+
+			crc32 = __compute_crc32_long_option_name(
+				crc32_table,
+				argv[idx],
+				wch);
+
+			if (crc32 == option_name_hash) {
+				/* found it, get ready to hash the value */
+				cmd_opt_meta->long_name_hash = option_name_hash;
+				cmd_opt_meta->long_name	 = argv[idx];
+				cmd_opt_meta->argv_index = idx;
+
+				if (*wch)
+					/* skip the equal sign */
+					wch++;
+
+				cmd_opt_meta->value = wch;
+			} else
+				idx++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (cmd_opt_meta->value)
+		cmd_opt_meta->value_hash =
+			__compute_crc32_utf16_str(
+				crc32_table,
+				cmd_opt_meta->value);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_validate_program_options(
+	__in	const uint32_t *		crc32_table,
+	__in	wchar16_t *			argv[],
+	__in	nt_program_option *		options[],
+	__in	nt_program_options_meta *	options_meta)
+{
+	int				idx;
+	int				idx_arg;
+	int				idx_option;
+	int				idx_max;
+	uint32_t			crc32;
+	nt_program_option *		option;
+	wchar16_t *			parg;
+	wchar16_t *			pvalue;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!crc32_table)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_1;
+	else if (!argv)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+	else if (!options)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_3;
+	else if (!options_meta)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_4;
+
+
+	/* step 1: validate options[] hash the long option names */
+	idx		= 0;
+	idx_option	= 0;
+	option		= options[0];
+	pvalue  	= (wchar16_t *)0;
+
+	while (!__is_last_program_option(option)) {
+		if (option->short_name_code) {
+			if (!(__is_bmp_code_point(option->short_name_code))) {
+				options_meta->idx_invalid_short_name = idx;
+				return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (option->long_name) {
+			if (!(__is_long_option(option->long_name))) {
+				options_meta->idx_invalid_long_name = idx;
+				return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+			}
+
+			/* update the long name hash (unconditionally) */
+			option->long_name_hash =
+				__compute_crc32_utf16_str(
+					crc32_table,
+					option->long_name);
+		}
+
+		idx++;
+		option++;
+	}
+
+	/* book keeping */
+	idx_max = idx;
+
+	/* step 2: validate argv[] */
+	parg	= argv[0];
+	idx_arg	= 0;
+
+	while ((parg) && (!(__is_last_option_argument(parg)))) {
+		if (__is_short_option(parg)) {
+			idx = 0;
+			idx_option = 0;
+
+			while ((idx < idx_max) && (!idx_option)) {
+				option = options[idx];
+
+				if (*(parg+1) == option->short_name_code)
+					idx_option = idx;
+				else
+					idx++;
+			}
+
+			if (idx == idx_max) {
+				options_meta->idx_invalid_argument = idx_arg;
+				return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+			} else {
+				/* get ready for the next element (or value) */
+				parg++;
+				idx_arg++;
+				pvalue = parg;
+			}
+		} else if (__is_long_option(parg)) {
+			idx = 0;
+			idx_option = 0;
+			/* find the equal sign or null termination */
+			pvalue = parg;
+			while ((*pvalue) && (*pvalue != EQUAL_SIGN))
+				pvalue++;
+
+			while ((idx < idx_max) && (!idx_option)) {
+				option = options[idx];
+				crc32  = __compute_crc32_long_option_name(
+						crc32_table,
+						parg,
+						pvalue);
+
+				if (crc32 == option->long_name_hash)
+					idx_option = idx;
+				else
+					idx++;
+			}
+
+			if (idx == idx_max) {
+				options_meta->idx_invalid_argument = idx_arg;
+				return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+			} else {
+				if (*pvalue != EQUAL_SIGN)
+					/* skip the equal sign */
+					pvalue++;
+				pvalue = (wchar16_t *)0;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* validate the occurrence */
+		if (idx_option) {
+			if (option->flags && NT_OPTION_ALLOWED_ONCE) {
+				if (option->option_count) {
+					options_meta->idx_invalid_argument
+						= idx_arg;
+					return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+				} else {
+					option->option_count++;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if (option->flags && NT_OPTION_VALUE_REQUIRED) {
+				if ((!(*pvalue)) || (*pvalue == HYPHEN)) {
+					options_meta->idx_missing_option_value
+						= idx_arg;
+					return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+				} else {
+					option->value 	   = pvalue;
+					option->value_hash =
+						__compute_crc32_utf16_str(
+							crc32_table,
+							option->value);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		parg++;
+		idx_arg++;
+	}
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_alloc.c b/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_alloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ba6f2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_alloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_blitter.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include "ntapi_blitter.h"
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static int __blt_popcount(uintptr_t mask)
+{
+	/* todo: check cpuid, use at_popcount */
+	int i,ret;
+
+	for (i=0,ret=0; i<8*sizeof(uintptr_t); i++)
+		if (mask & ((uintptr_t)1<<i))
+			ret++;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_blt_alloc(
+	__out	nt_blitter **		blitter,
+	__in	nt_blitter_params *	params)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_blitter *	blt_ctx;
+	size_t		blt_ctx_size;
+	size_t		params_size;
+	size_t		ptrs,i;
+
+	/* alignment */
+	if ((params->block_size % sizeof(uintptr_t)) || (params->block_count % sizeof(uintptr_t)))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	/* blt control block allocation */
+	ptrs		= params->block_count / (8 * sizeof(uintptr_t));
+	blt_ctx		= (nt_blitter *)0;
+	blt_ctx_size	= (size_t)&((nt_blitter *)0)->bits;
+
+	/* user-provided bitmap? */
+	if (!params->bitmap)
+		blt_ctx_size += ptrs * sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	/* alloc */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		(void **)&blt_ctx,
+		0,
+		&blt_ctx_size,
+		NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status) return (status);
+
+	/* init control block */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		blt_ctx,
+		0,(size_t)&((nt_blitter *)0)->bits);
+
+	blt_ctx->addr	= blt_ctx;
+	blt_ctx->size	= blt_ctx_size;
+	blt_ctx->ptrs	= ptrs;
+
+	/* init bitmap */
+	blt_ctx->bitmap = params->bitmap
+		? (uintptr_t *)params->bitmap
+		: blt_ctx->bits;
+
+	if (!(params->flags & NT_BLITTER_PRESERVE_BITS))
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			blt_ctx->bitmap,
+			(intptr_t)0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF,
+			ptrs * sizeof(uintptr_t));
+
+	/* info structure */
+	blt_ctx->info.info_size   = sizeof(nt_blitter_info);
+	blt_ctx->info.block_count = params->block_count;
+	blt_ctx->info.block_size  = params->block_size;
+
+	if (params->flags & NT_BLITTER_ENABLE_BLOCK_ARRAY)
+		/* allocate in place */
+		blt_ctx->info.region_size = params->block_count * params->block_size;
+	else
+		/* use pointer array */
+		blt_ctx->info.region_size = params->block_count * sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	/* allocate region */
+	if (params->region)
+		blt_ctx->info.region_addr = params->region;
+	else
+		status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			&blt_ctx->info.region_addr,
+			0,
+			&blt_ctx->info.region_size,
+			NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+			NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status) {
+		__ntapi->blt_free(blt_ctx);
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	if (params->flags & NT_BLITTER_PRESERVE_BITS)
+		for (i=0,blt_ctx->info.blocks_avail=0; i<ptrs; i++)
+			blt_ctx->info.blocks_avail += __blt_popcount(blt_ctx->bitmap[i]);
+	else
+		blt_ctx->info.blocks_avail = params->block_count;
+
+	if (params->flags & NT_BLITTER_ENABLE_BLOCK_ARRAY)
+		blt_ctx->info.blocks_cached = params->block_count;
+
+	/* init block array */
+	if (!params->region)
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			blt_ctx->info.region_addr,
+			0,blt_ctx->info.region_size);
+
+	/* copy params */
+	if (params->params_size < sizeof(nt_blitter_params))
+		params_size = params->params_size;
+	else
+		params_size = sizeof(nt_blitter_params);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)&blt_ctx->params,
+		(uintptr_t *)params,
+		params_size);
+
+	/* update params */
+	blt_ctx->params.lock_tries = params->lock_tries
+				? params->lock_tries
+				: __NT_BLITTER_DEFAULT_LOCK_TRIES;
+
+	blt_ctx->params.round_trips = params->round_trips
+				? params->round_trips
+				: __NT_BLITTER_DEFAULT_ROUND_TRIPS;
+
+	*blitter = blt_ctx;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_block.c b/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_block.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..879eb1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_block.c
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_blitter.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include "ntapi_blitter.h"
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __blt_bitbite(
+	__in	nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__in	unsigned int	bit,
+	__in	size_t		byte)
+{
+	uint32_t	locktry;
+	uintptr_t	test;
+	uintptr_t	cmp;
+	uintptr_t	xchg;
+	uintptr_t	mask;
+
+	mask    = ((uintptr_t)1 << bit);
+	locktry = blitter->params.lock_tries;
+
+	for (; locktry; locktry--) {
+		cmp  = blitter->bitmap[byte] | mask;
+		xchg = cmp ^ mask;
+
+		test  = at_locked_cas(
+			(intptr_t *)&blitter->bitmap[byte],
+			cmp,xchg);
+
+		if (test == cmp) {
+			at_locked_dec(&blitter->info.blocks_avail);
+			at_locked_inc(&blitter->info.blocks_used);
+			return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+		} else if (test ^ mask)
+			return NT_STATUS_TRANSACTIONAL_CONFLICT;
+	}
+
+	if (!locktry) {
+		blitter->info.busy = 1;
+		blitter->info.lock_tries = blitter->params.lock_tries;
+		return NT_STATUS_DEVICE_BUSY;
+	}
+
+	return NT_STATUS_MORE_PROCESSING_REQUIRED;
+}
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __blt_acquire(
+	__in	nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__out	intptr_t *	blkid)
+{
+	unsigned int	bit;
+	uintptr_t		i,n;
+
+	if (blitter->info.blocks_avail == 0)
+		return NT_STATUS_ALLOCATE_BUCKET;
+
+	for (n=0,bit=0; blitter->info.blocks_avail && (n < blitter->params.round_trips); n++) {
+		for (i=*blkid/(8*sizeof(size_t)); (i<blitter->ptrs); i++)
+			if (at_bsf(&bit,blitter->bitmap[i]))
+				break;
+
+		if (i == blitter->ptrs)
+			return NT_STATUS_ALLOCATE_BUCKET;
+
+		switch (__blt_bitbite(blitter,bit,i)) {
+			case NT_STATUS_SUCCESS:
+				*blkid = bit + (i * 8 * sizeof(size_t));
+				return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+			case NT_STATUS_DEVICE_BUSY:
+				return NT_STATUS_DEVICE_BUSY;
+
+			default:
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NT_STATUS_ALLOCATE_BUCKET;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_blt_obtain(
+	__in	nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__out	intptr_t *	blkid)
+{
+	unsigned int	bit;
+	uintptr_t	i,n;
+	uintptr_t	mask;
+
+	if (blitter->info.blocks_avail == 0)
+		return NT_STATUS_ALLOCATE_BUCKET;
+	else if ((bit = *blkid % sizeof(size_t)) == 0)
+		return __ntapi_blt_acquire(blitter,blkid);
+
+	for (n=0,mask=(uintptr_t)-1; n<bit; n++)
+		mask ^= ((size_t)1 << n);
+
+	i = *blkid / (8*sizeof(size_t));
+
+	for (n=0; blitter->info.blocks_avail && (n < blitter->params.round_trips); n++) {
+		if (!(at_bsf(&bit,(mask & blitter->bitmap[i]))))
+			break;
+
+		switch (__blt_bitbite(blitter,bit,i)) {
+			case NT_STATUS_SUCCESS:
+				*blkid = bit + (i * 8 * sizeof(size_t));
+				return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+			case NT_STATUS_DEVICE_BUSY:
+				return NT_STATUS_DEVICE_BUSY;
+
+			default:
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	*blkid = ++i * 8 * sizeof(size_t);
+	return __blt_acquire(blitter,blkid);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_blt_possess(
+	__in	nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__out	intptr_t *	blkid)
+{
+	int		bit;
+	size_t		byte;
+	uintptr_t 	test;
+	uintptr_t	mask;
+
+	bit  = *blkid % (8*sizeof(size_t));
+	byte = *blkid / (8*sizeof(size_t));
+
+	mask = ((uintptr_t)1 << bit);
+	test  = at_locked_and(
+		(intptr_t *)&blitter->bitmap[byte],
+		~mask);
+
+	if (test & mask) {
+		at_locked_dec(&blitter->info.blocks_avail);
+		at_locked_inc(&blitter->info.blocks_used);
+	}
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_blt_acquire(
+	__in	nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__out	intptr_t *	blkid)
+{
+	*blkid = 0;
+	return __blt_acquire(blitter,blkid);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall	__ntapi_blt_release(
+	__in	nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__out	intptr_t	blkid)
+{
+	size_t		i;
+	unsigned int	idx;
+	uintptr_t	bit;
+
+	i   = blkid / (8 * sizeof(uintptr_t));
+	idx = blkid % (8 * sizeof(uintptr_t));
+	bit = ((uintptr_t)1 << idx);
+
+	at_locked_or((intptr_t *)&blitter->bitmap[i],bit);
+	at_locked_dec(&blitter->info.blocks_used);
+	at_locked_inc(&blitter->info.blocks_avail);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+void * __fastcall __ntapi_blt_get(
+	__in	const nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__in	intptr_t		block_id)
+{
+	size_t * addr = (size_t *)blitter->info.region_addr;
+	addr += block_id;
+	return addr;
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_blt_set(
+	__in	const nt_blitter *	blitter,
+	__in	intptr_t		block_id,
+	__in	void *			val)
+{
+	size_t * addr = (size_t *)blitter->info.region_addr;
+	addr += block_id;
+	*addr = (size_t)val;
+	return;
+}
diff --git a/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_free.c b/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_free.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5956b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/blitter/ntapi_blt_free.c
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_blitter.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_blitter.h"
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_blt_free(nt_blitter * blt_ctx)
+{
+	int32_t	status;
+	void *	region_addr;
+	size_t	region_size;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!blt_ctx) return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	/* free blt block */
+	region_addr = blt_ctx->info.region_addr;
+	region_size = blt_ctx->info.region_size;
+
+	if (region_size && !blt_ctx->params.region) {
+		status = __ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			&region_addr,
+			&region_size,
+			NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+
+		if (status) return status;
+	}
+
+	/* free blt control block */
+	region_addr = blt_ctx->addr;
+	region_size = blt_ctx->size;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		&region_addr,
+		&region_size,
+		NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/daemon/ntapi_dsr_init.c b/src/daemon/ntapi_dsr_init.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..889de6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/daemon/ntapi_dsr_init.c
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_daemon.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static void __stdcall __ntapi_dsr_once(nt_daemon_params * params);
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_dsr_init(nt_daemon_params * params)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	nt_thread_params	tparams;
+	nt_large_integer	timeout;
+
+	/* port_keys */
+	if (params->flags & NT_DSR_INIT_GENERATE_KEYS)
+		if ((status = __ntapi->tt_port_generate_keys(params->port_keys)))
+			return status;
+
+	/* port_name_keys */
+	if (params->flags & NT_DSR_INIT_FORMAT_KEYS)
+		__ntapi->tt_port_format_keys(
+			params->port_keys,
+			params->port_name_keys);
+
+	/* 'daemon-is-ready' event */
+	if (!params->hevent_daemon_ready) {
+		if ((status = __ntapi->tt_create_private_event(
+				&params->hevent_daemon_ready,
+				NT_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+				NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED)))
+			return status;
+
+		if (params->pevent_daemon_ready)
+			*(params->pevent_daemon_ready) = params->hevent_daemon_ready;
+	}
+
+	/* 'internal-client-is-ready' event */
+	if (!params->hevent_internal_client_ready) {
+		if ((status = __ntapi->tt_create_inheritable_event(
+				&params->hevent_internal_client_ready,
+				NT_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+				NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED)))
+			return status;
+
+		if (params->pevent_internal_client_ready)
+			*(params->pevent_internal_client_ready) = params->hevent_internal_client_ready;
+	}
+
+	/* daemon dedicated thread: general parameters */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&tparams,0,sizeof(tparams));
+
+	tparams.start = (nt_thread_start_routine *)__ntapi_dsr_start;
+	tparams.arg   = params;
+
+	/* daemon dedicated thread: stack parameters (optional) */
+	tparams.stack_size_commit	= params->stack_size_commit;
+	tparams.stack_size_reserve	= params->stack_size_reserve;
+	tparams.stack_info		= params->stack_info;
+
+	/* daemon dedicated thread: create */
+	status = __ntapi->tt_create_local_thread(&tparams);
+	params->hthread_daemon_loop = tparams.hthread;
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* daemon dedicated thread: actual stack size */
+	params->stack_size_commit	= tparams.stack_size_commit;
+	params->stack_size_reserve	= tparams.stack_size_reserve;
+
+
+	/* establish internal connection */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&tparams,0,sizeof(tparams));
+
+	tparams.start = (nt_thread_start_routine *)__ntapi_dsr_internal_client_connect;
+	tparams.arg   = params;
+
+	status = __ntapi->tt_create_local_thread(&tparams);
+	params->hthread_internal_client = tparams.hthread;
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* wait until the internal connection had been established */
+	timeout.quad = NT_DSR_INIT_MAX_WAIT;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+		params->hevent_internal_client_ready,
+		0,
+		&timeout);
+
+	if (params->flags & NT_DSR_INIT_CLOSE_EVENTS) {
+		__ntapi->zw_close(params->hevent_daemon_ready);
+		__ntapi->zw_close(params->hevent_internal_client_ready);
+	}
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+/* __ntapi_dsr_start executes in the daemon's dedicated thread */
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_dsr_start(nt_daemon_params * params)
+{
+	__ntapi_dsr_once(params);
+	__ntapi_dsr_create_port(params);
+	__ntapi_dsr_connect_internal_client(params);
+	params->daemon_loop_routine(params->daemon_loop_context);
+
+	/* (no return) */
+	return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+}
+
+/* __ntapi_dsr_once executes in the daemon's dedicated thread */
+static void __stdcall __ntapi_dsr_once(nt_daemon_params * params)
+{
+	int32_t status;
+
+	if (!params->daemon_once_routine)
+		return;
+
+	if ((status = params->daemon_once_routine(params->daemon_loop_context))) {
+		params->exit_code_daemon_start = status;
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,status);
+	}
+}
+
+/* __ntapi_dsr_create_port executes in the daemon's dedicated thread */
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_dsr_create_port(nt_daemon_params * params)
+{
+	int32_t *			pstatus;
+	nt_object_attributes		oa;
+	nt_security_quality_of_service	sqos;
+	nt_unicode_string		server_name;
+
+	pstatus = &params->exit_code_daemon_start;
+
+	/* init server_name */
+	server_name.strlen = (uint16_t)__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_short((const int16_t *)params->port_name);
+	server_name.maxlen = 0;
+	server_name.buffer = (uint16_t *)params->port_name;
+
+	/* init security structure */
+	sqos.length 			= sizeof(sqos);
+	sqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+	sqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+	sqos.effective_only		= 1;
+
+	/* init the port's object attributes */
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &server_name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	/* create the port */
+	*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_create_port(
+		&params->hport_daemon,
+		&oa,0,(uint32_t)params->port_msg_size,
+		0);
+
+	if (*pstatus != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			*pstatus);
+
+	/* return port info */
+	if (params->pport_daemon)
+		*(params->pport_daemon) = params->hport_daemon;
+
+	/* signal the daemon-is-ready event */
+	*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_set_event(
+		params->hevent_daemon_ready,
+		(int32_t *)0);
+
+	if (*pstatus != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			*pstatus);
+
+	return *pstatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/daemon/ntapi_dsr_internal_connection.c b/src/daemon/ntapi_dsr_internal_connection.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7726b3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/daemon/ntapi_dsr_internal_connection.c
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_daemon.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+/* __ntapi_dsr_connect_internal_client executes in the daemon's dedicated thread */
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_dsr_connect_internal_client(nt_daemon_params * params)
+{
+	int32_t *		pstatus;
+
+	intptr_t		port_id;
+	nt_port_message		port_msg;
+	nt_large_integer	timeout;
+	void *			_hport_client;
+
+	pstatus = &params->exit_code_daemon_start;
+
+	/* timeout-enabled first connection */
+	timeout.quad = NT_DSR_INIT_MAX_WAIT;
+
+	*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_reply_wait_receive_port_ex(
+		params->hport_daemon,
+		&port_id,
+		(nt_port_message *)0,
+		(nt_port_message *)&port_msg,
+		&timeout);
+
+	if (*pstatus != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			*pstatus);
+
+	/* the internal client must be first */
+	if (port_msg.client_id.process_id != pe_get_current_process_id())
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			NT_STATUS_PORT_CONNECTION_REFUSED);
+
+	/* accept connection request */
+	*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_accept_connect_port(
+		&_hport_client,
+		port_msg.client_id.process_id,
+		(nt_port_message *)&port_msg,
+		NT_LPC_ACCEPT_CONNECTION,
+		(nt_port_section_write *)0,
+		(nt_port_section_read *)0);
+
+	if (*pstatus != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			*pstatus);
+
+	/* finalize connection */
+	*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_complete_connect_port(_hport_client);
+
+	if (*pstatus != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			*pstatus);
+
+	return *pstatus;
+}
+
+
+/* __ntapi_dsr_internal_client_connect executes in its own temporary thread */
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_dsr_internal_client_connect(nt_daemon_params * params)
+{
+	int32_t *			pstatus;
+
+	nt_unicode_string		server_name;
+	nt_object_attributes		oa;
+	nt_security_quality_of_service	sqos;
+	nt_large_integer		timeout;
+
+	pstatus = &params->exit_code_internal_client;
+
+	/* init server_name */
+	server_name.strlen = (uint16_t)__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_short((const int16_t *)params->port_name);
+	server_name.maxlen = 0;
+	server_name.buffer = (uint16_t *)params->port_name;
+
+	/* init security structure */
+	sqos.length 			= sizeof(sqos);
+	sqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+	sqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+	sqos.effective_only		= 1;
+
+	/* init the port's object attributes */
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &server_name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	/* wait for the server to be ready */
+	timeout.quad = NT_DSR_INIT_MAX_WAIT;
+
+	if ((*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+			params->hevent_daemon_ready,
+			0,&timeout)))
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			*pstatus);
+
+	/* establish internal connection */
+	*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_connect_port(
+		&params->hport_internal_client,
+		&server_name,
+		&sqos,
+		0,0,0,0,0);
+
+	if (*pstatus != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+			NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+			*pstatus);
+
+	/* return port info */
+	if (params->pport_internal_client)
+		*(params->pport_internal_client) = params->hport_internal_client;
+
+	/* signal the 'internal-client-is-ready' event */
+	*pstatus = __ntapi->zw_set_event(
+		params->hevent_internal_client_ready,
+		0);
+
+	/* exit the task-specific thread */
+	__ntapi->zw_terminate_thread(
+		NT_CURRENT_THREAD_HANDLE,
+		*pstatus);
+
+	/* (no return) */
+	return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+}
diff --git a/src/fs/ntapi_tt_get_file_handle_type.c b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_get_file_handle_type.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1175a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_get_file_handle_type.c
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef int __stdcall winapi_get_console_mode(void * handle, uint32_t * mode);
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_file_handle_type(
+	__in	void *		handle,
+	__out	int32_t *	type)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	uint32_t			info;
+	nt_iosb				iosb;
+	nt_fsssi			fsssi;
+	nt_file_directory_information	fdi;
+	nt_file_pipe_information	fpi;
+	nt_object_basic_information	obi;
+
+	void *				hkernel32;
+	char				str_get_con_mode[32] = "GetConsoleMode";
+	winapi_get_console_mode *	pfn_get_con_mode;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!handle) return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	/* file-system directory? */
+	if (!(status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_file(
+			handle,
+			&iosb,&fdi,sizeof(fdi),
+			NT_FILE_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION))) {
+		*type = NT_FILE_TYPE_DIRECTORY;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* file-system file? */
+	if (!(status = __ntapi->zw_query_volume_information_file(
+			handle,
+			&iosb,&fsssi,sizeof(fsssi),
+			NT_FILE_FS_SECTOR_SIZE_INFORMATION))) {
+		*type = NT_FILE_TYPE_FILE;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* pipe? */
+	if (!(status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_file(
+			handle,
+			&iosb,&fpi,sizeof(fpi),
+			NT_FILE_PIPE_INFORMATION))) {
+		*type = NT_FILE_TYPE_PIPE;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+
+	/* csrss? */
+	if (!(hkernel32 = pe_get_kernel32_module_handle()))
+		return NT_STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED;
+	else if (!(pfn_get_con_mode = (winapi_get_console_mode *)pe_get_procedure_address(
+			hkernel32,str_get_con_mode)))
+		return NT_STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED;
+
+
+	/* (console functions return non-zero on success) */
+	if ((pfn_get_con_mode(handle,&info))) {
+		*type = NT_FILE_TYPE_CSRSS;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* invalid handle? */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_object(
+			handle,NT_OBJECT_BASIC_INFORMATION,
+			&obi,sizeof(obi),&info)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* unknown object */
+	*type = NT_FILE_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/fs/ntapi_tt_istat.c b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_istat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd2029d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_istat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_fsctl.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_mount.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_istat.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_istat(
+	__in	void *			hfile,
+	__in	void *			hroot	__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *	path,
+	__out	nt_istat *		istat,
+	__out	uintptr_t *		buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size,
+	__in	uint32_t		open_options,
+	__in	uint32_t		flags)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	nt_unicode_string *	sdev;
+	uint32_t		hash;
+	wchar16_t *		wch;
+	wchar16_t *		wch_mark;
+
+	/* validaton */
+	if (!hfile && !path)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	/* hfile */
+	if (!hfile) {
+		/* oa */
+		oa.len = sizeof(nt_oa);
+		oa.root_dir = hroot;
+		oa.obj_name = path;
+		oa.obj_attr = 0;
+		oa.sec_desc = 0;
+		oa.sec_qos = 0;
+
+		/* open file/folder */
+		status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+			&hfile,
+			NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | NT_FILE_READ_ACCESS,
+			&oa,
+			&iosb,
+			NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+			open_options | NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_ALERT);
+
+		if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+			return status;
+
+		istat->flags_out = NT_STAT_NEW_HANDLE;
+	}
+
+	istat->hfile    = hfile;
+	istat->flags_in = flags;
+
+	/* file index number */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_file(
+		hfile,
+		&iosb,
+		&istat->fii,
+		sizeof(istat->fii),
+		NT_FILE_INTERNAL_INFORMATION);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* attributes & reparse tag information */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_file(
+		hfile,
+		&iosb,
+		&istat->ftagi,
+		sizeof(istat->ftagi),
+		NT_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TAG_INFORMATION);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* TODO: consolidate with statfs */
+	/* system-unique device name */
+	iosb.info = 0;
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_object(
+		hfile,
+		NT_OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		(uint32_t *)&iosb.info);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	sdev = (nt_unicode_string *)buffer;
+
+	if (sdev->strlen < __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		0,
+		sdev->buffer,
+		__DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN);
+
+	if (hash != __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_HASH)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	wch_mark = sdev->buffer + __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN/sizeof(wchar16_t);
+	wch = wch_mark;
+	while (*wch != '\\') wch++;
+	istat->dev_name_strlen = (uint16_t)((wch - sdev->buffer) * sizeof(uint16_t));
+
+	istat->dev_name_hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		hash,
+		wch_mark,
+		(uintptr_t)wch - (uintptr_t)wch_mark);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_validate_fs_handle(
+	__in	void *		hfile,
+	__in	uint32_t	dev_name_hash,
+	__in	nt_fii		fii,
+	__out	uintptr_t *	buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t	buffer_size)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_istat	istat;
+
+	status = __ntapi->tt_istat(
+		hfile,
+		(void *)0,
+		(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+		&istat,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		0,
+		NT_ISTAT_DEFAULT);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	if (istat.fii.index_number.quad != fii.index_number.quad)
+		return NT_STATUS_CONTEXT_MISMATCH;
+	else if (istat.dev_name_hash != dev_name_hash)
+		return NT_STATUS_CONTEXT_MISMATCH;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/fs/ntapi_tt_mount.c b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_mount.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1718750
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_mount.c
@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_mount.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef enum __dos_drive_handle_type {
+	__DOS_DRIVE_DEVICE_HANDLE,
+	__DOS_DRIVE_ROOT_HANDLE
+} _dos_drive_handle_type;
+
+typedef struct __dos_name_buffer {
+	wchar16_t	global_prefix[4];
+	wchar16_t	dos_letter;
+	wchar16_t	colon;
+	wchar16_t	root;
+	wchar16_t	null_termination;
+} _dos_name_buffer;
+
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __tt_connect_to_mount_point_manager(void)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	void *			hdev;
+	void *			hdev_prev;
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	nt_unicode_string	dev_name;
+	uint16_t		dev_name_buffer[] = {
+				'\\','?','?','\\',
+				'M','o','u','n','t',
+				'P','o','i','n','t',
+				'M','a','n','a','g','e','r',0};
+
+	dev_name.strlen = sizeof(wchar16_t) * (4+5+5+7);
+	dev_name.maxlen = 0;
+	dev_name.buffer = dev_name_buffer;
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(nt_oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &dev_name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= NT_OBJ_CASE_INSENSITIVE;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_sd *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= (nt_sqos *)0;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_create_file(
+		&hdev,
+		NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		0,
+		NT_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		NT_FILE_OPEN,
+		NT_FILE_NON_DIRECTORY_FILE | NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_NONALERT,
+		(void *)0,
+		0);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	hdev_prev = (void *)at_locked_cas(
+		(intptr_t *)&__ntapi_internals()->hdev_mount_point_mgr,
+		0,(intptr_t)hdev);
+
+	if (hdev_prev)
+		__ntapi->zw_close(hdev);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __tt_get_dos_drive_device_or_root_handle(
+	__out	void **			hdrive,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		drive_letter,
+	__in	_dos_drive_handle_type	handle_type)
+{
+	#define		__common_mode	(NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_ALERT)
+	#define		__common_access	(NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE \
+					| NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES)
+
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	uint32_t		open_flags;
+	uint32_t		access_flags;
+	nt_unicode_string	dos_name;
+	_dos_name_buffer	dos_name_buffer = {
+					{'\\','?','?','\\'},
+					'_',':',0,0};
+
+	if (!hdrive || !drive_letter)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	if ((*drive_letter>='A') && (*drive_letter<='Z'))
+		dos_name_buffer.dos_letter = *drive_letter;
+	else if ((*drive_letter>='a') && (*drive_letter<='z'))
+		dos_name_buffer.dos_letter = *drive_letter + 'A' - 'a';
+	else
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+
+	dos_name.strlen = ((size_t)(&((_dos_name_buffer *)0)->root));
+	dos_name.maxlen = 0;
+	dos_name.buffer = &(dos_name_buffer.global_prefix[0]);
+
+	switch (handle_type) {
+		case __DOS_DRIVE_DEVICE_HANDLE:
+			open_flags	= __common_mode;
+			access_flags	= __common_access;
+			break;
+
+		case __DOS_DRIVE_ROOT_HANDLE:
+			open_flags	= __common_mode   | NT_FILE_DIRECTORY_FILE;
+			access_flags	= __common_access | NT_FILE_READ_ACCESS;
+			dos_name_buffer.root = '\\';
+			dos_name.strlen += sizeof(wchar16_t);
+			break;
+		default:
+			open_flags	= 0;
+			access_flags	= 0;
+			break;
+	}
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(nt_oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &dos_name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= NT_OBJ_INHERIT;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_sd *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= (nt_sqos *)0;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+		hdrive,
+		access_flags,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		open_flags);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_handle(
+	__out	void **			hdevice,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		drive_letter)
+{
+	return __tt_get_dos_drive_device_or_root_handle(
+		hdevice,
+		drive_letter,
+		__DOS_DRIVE_DEVICE_HANDLE);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_root_handle(
+	__out	void **			hroot,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		drive_letter)
+{
+	return __tt_get_dos_drive_device_or_root_handle(
+		hroot,
+		drive_letter,
+		__DOS_DRIVE_ROOT_HANDLE);
+}
+
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_name(
+	__in	void *			hdevice		__optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		drive_letter	__optional,
+	__out	nt_mount_dev_name *	buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+
+	if (!hdevice && (status = __tt_get_dos_drive_device_or_root_handle(
+			&hdevice,
+			drive_letter,
+			__DOS_DRIVE_DEVICE_HANDLE)))
+		return status;
+
+	return __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+		hdevice,
+		(void *)0,
+		(nt_io_apc_routine *)0,
+		(void *)0,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_IOCTL_MOUNTDEV_QUERY_DEVICE_NAME,
+		(void *)0,
+		0,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_mount_points(
+	__in	void *			hdevice		__optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		drive_letter	__optional,
+	__in	nt_mount_dev_name *	dev_name	__optional,
+	__out	void *			buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	wchar16_t		dev_name_buffer[64];
+	nt_mount_point_param *	dev_mount_point;
+	nt_mount_points *	dev_mount_points;
+	uintptr_t		addr;
+
+	if (!dev_name) {
+		dev_name = (nt_mount_dev_name *)&dev_name_buffer;
+		if ((status = __ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_name(
+				hdevice,
+				drive_letter,
+				dev_name,
+				sizeof(dev_name_buffer))))
+			return status;
+	}
+
+	if (buffer_size < sizeof(nt_mount_mgr_mount_point) \
+				+ sizeof(nt_mount_dev_name) \
+				+ sizeof(dev_name->name_length))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	dev_mount_point = (nt_mount_point_param *)buffer;
+	dev_mount_point->symlink_name_offset = 0;
+	dev_mount_point->symlink_name_length = 0;
+	dev_mount_point->unique_id_offset    = 0;
+	dev_mount_point->unique_id_length    = 0;
+	dev_mount_point->device_name_offset  = ((size_t)(&((nt_mount_point_param *)0)->device_name));
+	dev_mount_point->device_name_length  = dev_name->name_length;
+	dev_mount_point->mount_points_offset = 0;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+		dev_mount_point->device_name,
+		dev_name->name,
+		dev_name->name_length);
+
+	addr = (uintptr_t)(dev_mount_point->device_name) + dev_name->name_length;
+	addr += sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1;
+	addr /= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	addr *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	dev_mount_points = (nt_mount_points *)addr;
+
+
+	if (!__ntapi_internals()->hdev_mount_point_mgr)
+		status = __tt_connect_to_mount_point_manager();
+
+	if (!__ntapi_internals()->hdev_mount_point_mgr)
+		return status;
+
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+		__ntapi_internals()->hdev_mount_point_mgr,
+		(void *)0,
+		(nt_io_apc_routine *)0,
+		(void *)0,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_IOCTL_MOUNTMGR_QUERY_POINTS,
+		dev_mount_point,
+		(uint32_t)(uintptr_t)&(((nt_mount_point_param *)0)->device_name) + dev_name->name_length,
+		dev_mount_points,
+		(uint32_t)((uintptr_t)buffer + buffer_size - addr));
+
+	dev_mount_point->mount_points_offset = (uint16_t)((uintptr_t)addr - (uintptr_t)buffer);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_tt_dev_mount_points_to_statfs(
+	__in		nt_mount_points *	mount_points,
+	__in_out	nt_statfs *		statfs)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	uint32_t			hash;
+	uint32_t			i;
+
+	nt_mount_mgr_mount_point *	mount_point;
+	char *				symlink;
+
+	mount_point = mount_points->mount_points;
+	statfs->nt_drive_letter = 0;
+
+
+	for (i = 0; i < mount_points->number; i++, mount_point++) {
+		symlink = (char *)mount_points + mount_point->symlink_name_offset;
+
+		/* both prefixes of interest happen to be of the same length */
+		hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+			0, symlink, __DOS_DEVICES_PREFIX_LEN);
+
+		if (hash == __DOS_DEVICES_PREFIX_HASH)
+			statfs->nt_drive_letter = ((nt_dos_devices_name *)(symlink))->letter;
+		else if (hash == __VOLUME_PATH_PREFIX_HASH) {
+			status = __ntapi_tt_utf16_string_to_guid(
+				(nt_guid_str_utf16 *)(symlink \
+					+ __VOLUME_PATH_PREFIX_LEN \
+					- sizeof(wchar16_t)),
+				&statfs->nt_volume_guid);
+
+			if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+				return status;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_letter_from_device(
+	__in	void *			hdevice		__optional,
+	__out	wchar16_t *		drive_letter,
+	__in	nt_mount_dev_name *	dev_name	__optional,
+	__out	void *			buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	wchar16_t		dev_name_buffer[128];
+	nt_statfs		statfs;
+	uint32_t		offset;
+	nt_mount_points *	mnt_points;
+
+	if (!dev_name) {
+		dev_name = (nt_mount_dev_name *)&dev_name_buffer;
+		status = __ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_name(
+			hdevice,
+			(wchar16_t *)0,
+			dev_name,
+			sizeof(dev_name_buffer));
+
+		if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+			return status;
+	}
+
+
+	offset = ((nt_mount_point_param *)buffer)->mount_points_offset;
+	mnt_points = (nt_mount_points *)((uintptr_t)buffer + offset);
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_dev_mount_points_to_statfs(
+		mnt_points,
+		&statfs);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	*drive_letter = statfs.nt_drive_letter;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/fs/ntapi_tt_open_logical_parent_directory.c b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_open_logical_parent_directory.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c20d05b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_open_logical_parent_directory.c
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_open_logical_parent_directory(
+	__out	void **		hparent,
+	__in	void *		hdir,
+	__out	uintptr_t *	buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t	buffer_size,
+	__in	uint32_t	desired_access,
+	__in	uint32_t	open_options,
+	__out	int32_t *	type)
+{
+	return NT_STATUS_MORE_PROCESSING_REQUIRED;
+}
diff --git a/src/fs/ntapi_tt_open_physical_parent_directory.c b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_open_physical_parent_directory.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68d282b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_open_physical_parent_directory.c
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_open_physical_parent_directory(
+	__out	void **		hparent,
+	__in	void *		hdir,
+	__out	uintptr_t *	buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t	buffer_size,
+	__in	uint32_t	desired_access,
+	__in	uint32_t	open_options,
+	__out	int32_t *	type)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	nt_oa				oa;
+	nt_iosb				iosb;
+	wchar16_t *			wch;
+	nt_unicode_string *		path;
+	uint32_t			len;
+
+	path = (nt_unicode_string *)buffer;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_object(
+			hdir,
+			NT_OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION,
+			path,
+			buffer_size,
+			&len)))
+		return status;
+	else if (len == sizeof(nt_unicode_string))
+		return NT_STATUS_BAD_FILE_TYPE;
+
+	wch = path->buffer + (path->strlen / sizeof(uint16_t));
+	while ((--wch >= path->buffer) && (*wch != '\\'));
+
+	if (wch == path->buffer )
+		return NT_STATUS_MORE_PROCESSING_REQUIRED;
+
+	path->strlen = sizeof(uint16_t) * (uint16_t)(wch-path->buffer);
+	path->maxlen = 0;
+
+	/* oa */
+	oa.len = sizeof(nt_oa);
+	oa.root_dir = 0;
+	oa.obj_name = path;
+	oa.obj_attr = 0;
+	oa.sec_desc = 0;
+	oa.sec_qos  = 0;
+
+	/* default access */
+	desired_access = desired_access
+		? desired_access
+		: NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | NT_FILE_READ_ACCESS;
+
+	/* open parent directory */
+	return __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+		hparent,
+		desired_access,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		open_options | NT_FILE_DIRECTORY_FILE);
+}
diff --git a/src/fs/ntapi_tt_stat.c b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_stat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51cc55a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_stat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_fsctl.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_mount.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_stat.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_stat(
+	__in	void *			hfile,
+	__in	void *			hroot	__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *	path,
+	__out	nt_stat *		stat,
+	__out	uintptr_t *		buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size,
+	__in	uint32_t		open_options,
+	__in	uint32_t		flags)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	nt_unicode_string *	sdev;
+	nt_fai *		fai;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!hfile && !path)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	/* hfile */
+	if (!hfile) {
+		/* oa */
+		oa.len = sizeof(nt_oa);
+		oa.root_dir = hroot;
+		oa.obj_name = path;
+		oa.obj_attr = 0;
+		oa.sec_desc = 0;
+		oa.sec_qos = 0;
+
+		/* open file/folder */
+		status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+			&hfile,
+			NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | NT_FILE_READ_ACCESS,
+			&oa,
+			&iosb,
+			NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+			open_options | NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_ALERT);
+
+		if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+			return status;
+
+		stat->flags_out = NT_STAT_NEW_HANDLE;
+	}
+
+	stat->hfile    = hfile;
+	stat->flags_in = flags;
+
+	/* system-unique device name */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_file(
+		hfile,
+		&iosb,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		NT_FILE_ALL_INFORMATION);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* copy file info minus name */
+	fai = (nt_fai *)buffer;
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)stat,
+		(uintptr_t *)fai,
+		((size_t)(&((nt_fai *)0)->name_info)));
+
+	/* record the file name length, but do not hash */
+	stat->file_name_length = fai->name_info.file_name_length;
+	stat->file_name_hash   = 0;
+
+
+	/* file system size information */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_volume_information_file(
+		hfile,
+		&iosb,
+		&(stat->fssi),
+		sizeof(stat->fssi),
+		NT_FILE_FS_SIZE_INFORMATION);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* system-unique device name (simpler than statfs) */
+	iosb.info = 0;
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_object(
+		hfile,
+		NT_OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		(uint32_t *)&iosb.info);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	sdev = (nt_unicode_string *)buffer;
+	stat->dev_name_strlen = sdev->strlen - (uint16_t)stat->file_name_length;
+
+	stat->dev_name_hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		0,
+		sdev->buffer,
+		stat->dev_name_strlen);
+
+	if (flags & NT_STAT_DEV_NAME_COPY) {
+		if (stat->dev_name_maxlen < sdev->strlen)
+			/* does not justify failure */
+			*stat->dev_name = 0;
+		else
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				(wchar16_t *)stat->dev_name,
+				(wchar16_t *)sdev->buffer,
+				stat->dev_name_strlen);
+	} else
+		*stat->dev_name = 0;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/fs/ntapi_tt_statfs.c b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_statfs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..114cc8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/fs/ntapi_tt_statfs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_fsctl.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_mount.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_statfs.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_statfs(
+	__in	void *			hfile,
+	__in	void *			hroot	__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *	path,
+	__out	nt_statfs *		statfs,
+	__out	uintptr_t *		buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size,
+	__in	uint32_t		flags)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	nt_unicode_string *	sdev;
+	uint32_t		hash;
+	wchar16_t *		wch;
+	wchar16_t *		wch_mark;
+	uint32_t		offset;
+	void *			mnt_points_buffer;
+	nt_mount_points *	mnt_points;
+	nt_fsai *		fsai;
+	nt_fsfsi *		fsfsi;
+	uint32_t *		fsid;
+	uint64_t *		pguid;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!hfile && !path)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	/* hfile */
+	if (!hfile) {
+		/* oa */
+		oa.len = sizeof(nt_oa);
+		oa.root_dir = hroot;
+		oa.obj_name = path;
+		oa.obj_attr = 0;
+		oa.sec_desc = 0;
+		oa.sec_qos = 0;
+
+		/* open file/folder */
+		status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+			&hfile,
+			NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | NT_FILE_READ_ACCESS,
+			&oa,
+			&iosb,
+			NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+			NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_ALERT);
+
+		if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+			return status;
+
+		statfs->flags_out = NT_STATFS_NEW_HANDLE;
+	}
+
+	statfs->hfile    = hfile;
+	statfs->flags_in = flags;
+
+	/* maximum component length, file system type */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_volume_information_file(
+		hfile,
+		&iosb,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		NT_FILE_FS_ATTRIBUTE_INFORMATION);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	fsai = (nt_fsai *)buffer;
+	statfs->f_type = 0;
+	statfs->f_namelen = fsai->maximum_component_name_length;
+	statfs->nt_fstype_hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		0,
+		&fsai->file_system_name,
+		fsai->file_system_name_length);
+
+	/* max files per volume */
+	switch (statfs->nt_fstype_hash) {
+		case NT_FS_TYPE_HPFS_NAME_HASH:
+		case NT_FS_TYPE_NTFS_NAME_HASH:
+		case NT_FS_TYPE_SMB_NAME_HASH:
+		case NT_FS_TYPE_UDF_NAME_HASH:
+			statfs->f_files = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+			break;
+
+		case NT_FS_TYPE_FAT16_NAME_HASH:
+			statfs->f_files = 0x10000;
+			break;
+
+		case NT_FS_TYPE_FAT32_NAME_HASH:
+			statfs->f_files = 0x400000;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			/* pretend there is no limitation */
+			statfs->f_files = (-1);
+			break;
+	}
+
+	/* number of free file records on volume */
+	/* (skip, yet indicate that the volume is not empty) */
+	statfs->f_ffree = (size_t)statfs->f_files >> 4 << 3;
+
+	/* file system size information */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_volume_information_file(
+		hfile,
+		&iosb,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		NT_FILE_FS_FULL_SIZE_INFORMATION);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	fsfsi = (nt_fsfsi *)buffer;
+	statfs->f_blocks = fsfsi->total_allocation_units.quad;
+	statfs->f_bfree  = fsfsi->actual_available_allocation_units.quad;
+	statfs->f_bavail = fsfsi->caller_available_allocation_units.quad;
+	statfs->f_bsize  = fsfsi->sectors_per_allocation_unit * fsfsi->bytes_per_sector;
+	statfs->f_frsize = fsfsi->bytes_per_sector;
+
+	/* TODO: consolidate with istat */
+	/* system-unique device name */
+	iosb.info = 0;
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_object(
+		hfile,
+		NT_OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		(uint32_t *)&iosb.info);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	sdev = (nt_unicode_string *)buffer;
+
+	if (sdev->strlen < __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		0,
+		sdev->buffer,
+		__DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN);
+
+	if (hash != __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_HASH)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	wch_mark = sdev->buffer + __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN/sizeof(wchar16_t);
+	wch = wch_mark;
+	while (*wch != '\\') wch++;
+	statfs->dev_name_strlen = (uint16_t)((wch - sdev->buffer) * sizeof(uint16_t));
+	statfs->record_name_strlen = sdev->strlen - statfs->dev_name_strlen;
+
+	statfs->dev_name_hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		hash,wch_mark,
+		sizeof(wchar16_t) * (wch - wch_mark));
+
+	/* copy device name (optional, no failure) */
+	if (flags & NT_STATFS_DEV_NAME_COPY) {
+		if (statfs->dev_name_maxlen < sdev->strlen)
+			*statfs->dev_name = 0;
+		else
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				(wchar16_t *)statfs->dev_name,
+				(wchar16_t *)sdev->buffer,
+				sdev->strlen);
+	} else
+		*statfs->dev_name = 0;
+
+	/* f_fsid: hash of the system-unique device name */
+	/* (never use the volume serial number) */
+	fsid = (uint32_t *)&(statfs->f_fsid);
+	fsid[0] = statfs->dev_name_hash;
+	fsid[1] = 0;
+
+	/* f_flags, nt_attr, nt_control_flags (todo?) */
+	statfs->f_flags = 0;
+	statfs->nt_attr = 0;
+	statfs->nt_control_flags = 0;
+	statfs->nt_padding = 0;
+
+	if (!(flags & NT_STATFS_VOLUME_GUID)) {
+		statfs->nt_drive_letter = 0;
+		pguid = (uint64_t *)&(statfs->nt_volume_guid);
+		*pguid = 0; *(++pguid) = 0;
+		return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	/* dos device letter and volume guid */
+	wch = (wchar16_t *)sdev->buffer;
+	mnt_points_buffer = (void *)((uintptr_t)wch + statfs->dev_name_strlen);
+
+	*(--wch) = statfs->dev_name_strlen;
+	offset   = sizeof(nt_unicode_string) + statfs->dev_name_strlen;
+
+	status = __ntapi->tt_get_dos_drive_mount_points(
+		(void *)0,
+		(wchar16_t *)0,
+		(nt_mount_dev_name *)wch,
+		mnt_points_buffer,
+		buffer_size - offset);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	offset = ((nt_mount_point_param *)mnt_points_buffer)->mount_points_offset;
+	mnt_points = (nt_mount_points *)((uintptr_t)mnt_points_buffer + offset);
+
+	status = __ntapi->tt_dev_mount_points_to_statfs(
+		mnt_points,
+		statfs);
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/guid/ntapi_tt_guid.c b/src/guid/ntapi_tt_guid.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07cd938
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/guid/ntapi_tt_guid.c
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_time.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_guid.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_guid_copy(
+	__out	nt_guid *	pguid_dst,
+	__in	const nt_guid *	pguid_src)
+{
+	uint64_t *	dst;
+	uint64_t *	src;
+
+	dst = (uint64_t *)pguid_dst;
+	src = (uint64_t *)pguid_src;
+
+	*dst = *src;
+	src++;	dst++;
+	*dst = *src;
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_guid_to_utf16_string(
+	__in	const nt_guid *		guid,
+	__out	nt_guid_str_utf16 *	guid_str)
+{
+	uint16_t	key;
+	wchar16_t *	wch;
+
+	wch = &(guid_str->group5[0]);
+
+	__ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		guid->data1,
+		&guid_str->group1[0]);
+
+	__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16(
+		guid->data2,
+		&guid_str->group2[0]);
+
+	__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16(
+		guid->data3,
+		&guid_str->group3[0]);
+
+	key = guid->data4[0] * 0x100 + guid->data4[1];
+
+	__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,
+		&guid_str->group4[0]);
+
+	key = guid->data4[2] * 0x100 + guid->data4[3];
+
+	__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,
+		&guid_str->group5[0]);
+
+	key = guid->data4[4] * 0x100 + guid->data4[5];
+
+	__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,
+		&(wch[4]));
+
+	key = guid->data4[6] * 0x100 + guid->data4[7];
+
+	__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,
+		&(wch[8]));
+
+	guid_str->lbrace = '{';
+	guid_str->rbrace = '}';
+	guid_str->dash1 = '-';
+	guid_str->dash2 = '-';
+	guid_str->dash3 = '-';
+	guid_str->dash4 = '-';
+
+	return;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_guid_compare(
+	__in	const nt_guid *	pguid_dst,
+	__in	const nt_guid *	pguid_src)
+{
+	uint64_t *	dst;
+	uint64_t *	src;
+
+	dst = (uint64_t *)pguid_dst;
+	src = (uint64_t *)pguid_src;
+
+	if ((*dst != *src) || (*(++dst) != *(++src)))
+		return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_TYPE_MISMATCH;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_utf16_string_to_guid(
+	__out	nt_guid_str_utf16 *	guid_str,
+	__in	nt_guid *		guid)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	wchar16_t *	wch;
+	uint16_t	key;
+
+	if ((guid_str->lbrace != '{')
+			|| (guid_str->rbrace != '}')
+			|| (guid_str->dash1 != '-')
+			|| (guid_str->dash2 != '-')
+			|| (guid_str->dash3 != '-')
+			|| (guid_str->dash4 != '-'))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	wch = &(guid_str->group5[0]);
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32(
+		guid_str->group1,
+		&guid->data1);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16(
+		guid_str->group2,
+		&guid->data2);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16(
+		guid_str->group3,
+		&guid->data3);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16(
+		guid_str->group4,
+		&key);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	guid->data4[0] = key / 0x100;
+	guid->data4[1] = key % 0x100;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16(
+		&(wch[0]),
+		&key);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	guid->data4[2] = key / 0x100;
+	guid->data4[3] = key % 0x100;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16(
+		&(wch[4]),
+		&key);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	guid->data4[4] = key / 0x100;
+	guid->data4[5] = key % 0x100;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16(
+		&(wch[8]),
+		&key);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	guid->data4[6] = key / 0x100;
+	guid->data4[7] = key % 0x100;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/hash/ntapi_tt_crc32.c b/src/hash/ntapi_tt_crc32.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ce25d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hash/ntapi_tt_crc32.c
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_crc32.h>
+
+static const uint32_t crc32_table[256] = NTAPI_CRC32_TABLE;
+
+uint32_t __ntapi_tt_buffer_crc32(
+	uint32_t	prev_hash,
+	const void *	buffer,
+	size_t		size)
+{
+	unsigned char *	ch;
+	uint32_t	crc32;
+
+	crc32	= prev_hash ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+	ch	= (unsigned char *)buffer;
+
+	for (; size; size--,ch++)
+		crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *ch) & 0xFF];
+
+	return (crc32 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF);
+}
+
+
+uint32_t __cdecl __ntapi_tt_mbstr_crc32(const void * str)
+{
+	uint32_t	crc32;
+	unsigned char *	ch;
+
+	crc32	= 0 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+	ch	= (unsigned char *)str;
+
+	while (*ch) {
+		crc32 = (crc32 >> 8) ^ crc32_table[(crc32 ^ *ch) & 0xFF];
+		ch++;
+	}
+
+	return (crc32 ^ 0xFFFFFFFF);
+}
+
+
+const uint32_t * __cdecl __ntapi_tt_crc32_table(void)
+{
+	return crc32_table;
+}
diff --git a/src/hash/ntapi_tt_populate_hashed_import_table.c b/src/hash/ntapi_tt_populate_hashed_import_table.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a36ed2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/hash/ntapi_tt_populate_hashed_import_table.c
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_crc32.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+struct callback_ctx {
+	void *			import_table;
+	ntapi_hashed_symbol *	hash_table;
+	uint32_t		hash_table_array_size;
+};
+
+
+static int __process_exported_symbol(
+	const void *				base,
+	struct pe_export_hdr *			exp_hdr,
+	struct pe_export_sym *			exp_item,
+	enum pe_callback_reason			reason,
+	void *					context)
+{
+	uint32_t		hash_value;
+	struct callback_ctx *	ctx;
+	ntapi_hashed_symbol *	hashed_symbol;
+	uintptr_t *		fnptr;
+
+	/* binary search variables */
+	uint32_t	lower;
+	uint32_t	upper;
+	uint32_t	idx;
+
+	if (reason != PE_CALLBACK_REASON_ITEM)
+		return 1;
+
+	ctx = (struct callback_ctx *)context;
+	hash_value = __ntapi_tt_mbstr_crc32(exp_item->name);
+
+	/* zero-based array, binary search, idx < upper is guaranteed */
+	lower  = 0;
+	upper  = ctx->hash_table_array_size;
+
+	/* binary search */
+	while (lower < upper) {
+		idx		= (lower + upper) / 2;
+		hashed_symbol	= (ntapi_hashed_symbol *)
+					((uintptr_t)ctx->hash_table
+					+ idx * sizeof(ntapi_hashed_symbol));
+
+		if (hash_value == hashed_symbol->crc32_hash) {
+			fnptr = (uintptr_t *)(
+				(uintptr_t)ctx->import_table
+				+ (sizeof(uintptr_t)
+					* hashed_symbol->ordinal));
+			*fnptr = (uintptr_t)exp_item->addr;
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		else {
+			if (hash_value > hashed_symbol->crc32_hash)
+				lower = idx + 1;
+			else
+				upper = idx;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_tt_populate_hashed_import_table(
+    __in 	void *			image_base,
+    __in	void *			import_table,
+    __in	ntapi_hashed_symbol *	hash_table,
+    __in	uint32_t		hash_table_array_size)
+{
+	struct pe_export_sym	exp_item;
+	struct callback_ctx	ctx;
+
+	ctx.import_table		= import_table;
+	ctx.hash_table			= hash_table;
+	ctx.hash_table_array_size	= hash_table_array_size;
+
+	pe_enum_image_exports(
+		image_base,
+		&__process_exported_symbol,
+		&exp_item,
+		&ctx);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi.c b/src/internal/ntapi.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2340c47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_crc32.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sysinfo.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_section.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_job.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_token.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_time.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_profiling.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_device.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_registry.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_security.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_pnp.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_exception.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_locale.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_uuid.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atom.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_os.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_ldr.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_guid.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_argv.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_blitter.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_unicode.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_mount.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_istat.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_stat.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_statfs.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_daemon.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_hash.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_debug.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+#include "ntapi_hash_table.h"
+
+/* simplified once mechanism for free-standing applications */
+typedef int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_init_fn(ntapi_vtbl ** pvtbl);
+
+static __ntapi_init_fn __ntapi_init_once;
+static __ntapi_init_fn __ntapi_init_pending;
+static __ntapi_init_fn __ntapi_init_completed;
+
+static intptr_t		 __ntapi_init_idx = 0;
+static __ntapi_init_fn * __ntapi_init_vtbl[3] = {
+	__ntapi_init_once,
+	__ntapi_init_pending,
+	__ntapi_init_completed};
+
+/* accessor */
+ntapi_vtbl ___ntapi		= {0};
+ntapi_vtbl ___ntapi_shadow	= {0};
+
+/* .bss */
+static __ntapi_img_sec_bss __ntapi_img_bss;
+
+/* .rdata */
+static union __ntapi_img_rdata __ntapi_rdata = {{
+		{__NTAPI_HASH_TABLE},		/* __ntapi_import_table */
+		0,				/* __ntapi */
+		{{0}},				/* __session_name */
+		0}};				/* __internals */
+
+#define internals	__ntapi_rdata.img_sec_data.__internals
+#define import_table	__ntapi_rdata.img_sec_data.__ntapi_import_table
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_init_once(ntapi_vtbl ** pvtbl)
+{
+	int32_t					status;
+	void * 					hntdll;
+	size_t					block_size;
+	ntapi_zw_allocate_virtual_memory *	pfn_zw_allocate_virtual_memory;
+	char					fname_allocate_virtual_memory[] = 
+						"ZwAllocateVirtualMemory";
+	/* once */
+	at_locked_inc(&__ntapi_init_idx);
+
+	/* pvtbl */
+	if (!(pvtbl))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	else
+		*pvtbl = (ntapi_vtbl *)0;
+
+	/* ntdll */
+	if (!(hntdll = pe_get_ntdll_module_handle()))
+		return NT_STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED;
+
+	pfn_zw_allocate_virtual_memory	= (ntapi_zw_allocate_virtual_memory *)
+		pe_get_procedure_address(
+			hntdll,
+			fname_allocate_virtual_memory);
+
+	if (!pfn_zw_allocate_virtual_memory)
+		return NT_STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED;
+
+	/* ntapi_internals: alloc */
+	block_size = sizeof(ntapi_internals);
+	status = pfn_zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		(void **)&internals,
+		0,
+		&block_size,
+		NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* hashed import table */
+	__ntapi_tt_populate_hashed_import_table(
+		pe_get_ntdll_module_handle(),
+		__ntapi,
+		import_table,
+		__NT_IMPORTED_SYMBOLS_ARRAY_SIZE);
+
+	/* alternate implementation */
+	__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string 			= __ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16;
+
+	/* extension functions */
+	/* nt_object.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_create_keyed_object_directory		= __ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory;
+	__ntapi->tt_open_keyed_object_directory			= __ntapi_tt_open_keyed_object_directory;
+	__ntapi->tt_create_keyed_object_directory_entry		= __ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory_entry;
+
+	/* nt_crc32.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32 				= __ntapi_tt_buffer_crc32;
+	__ntapi->tt_mbstr_crc32					= __ntapi_tt_mbstr_crc32;
+	__ntapi->tt_crc32_table					= __ntapi_tt_crc32_table;
+
+	/* nt_file.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_get_file_handle_type				= __ntapi_tt_get_file_handle_type;
+	__ntapi->tt_open_logical_parent_directory		= __ntapi_tt_open_logical_parent_directory;
+	__ntapi->tt_open_physical_parent_directory		= __ntapi_tt_open_physical_parent_directory;
+
+	/* nt_ldr.h */
+	__ntapi->ldr_load_system_dll				= __ntapi_ldr_load_system_dll;
+	__ntapi->ldr_create_state_snapshot			= __ntapi_ldr_create_state_snapshot;
+	__ntapi->ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot			= __ntapi_ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot;
+
+	/* nt_string.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_multibyte 		= __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_multibyte;
+	__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_short			= __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_short;
+	__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_dword			= __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_dword;
+	__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_qword			= __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_qword;
+	__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_ptrsize			= __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_ptrsize;
+	__ntapi->strlen						= __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_multibyte;
+	__ntapi->wcslen						= __ntapi_wcslen;
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset 			= __ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset;
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy 			= __ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy;
+	__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16 				= __ntapi_tt_memcpy_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16 			= __ntapi_tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_generic_memset				= __ntapi_tt_generic_memset;
+	__ntapi->tt_generic_memcpy 				= __ntapi_tt_generic_memcpy;
+	__ntapi->tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16				= __ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16				= __ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_uint64_to_hex_utf16				= __ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16 			= __ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16				= __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16;
+	__ntapi->tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32				= __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32;
+	__ntapi->tt_hex_utf16_to_uint64				= __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint64;
+	__ntapi->tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr 			= __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr;
+	__ntapi->tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16 		= __ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_uint16_to_hex_utf8				= __ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf8;
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf8				= __ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf8;
+	__ntapi->tt_uint64_to_hex_utf8				= __ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf8;
+	__ntapi->tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8				= __ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8;
+
+	/* nt_guid.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_copy 					= __ntapi_tt_guid_copy;
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_compare 				= __ntapi_tt_guid_compare;
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_to_utf16_string 			= __ntapi_tt_guid_to_utf16_string;
+	__ntapi->tt_utf16_string_to_guid 			= __ntapi_tt_utf16_string_to_guid;
+
+	/* nt_sysinfo.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_get_system_directory_native_path 		= __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_native_path;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_system_directory_dos_path 		= __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_dos_path;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_system_directory_handle			= __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_handle;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_system_info_snapshot  			= __ntapi_tt_get_system_info_snapshot;
+
+	/* nt_thread.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_create_local_thread				= __ntapi_tt_create_local_thread;
+	__ntapi->tt_create_remote_thread 			= __ntapi_tt_create_remote_thread;
+	__ntapi->tt_create_thread 				= __ntapi_tt_create_thread;
+
+	/* nt_process.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_create_remote_process_params 		= __ntapi_tt_create_remote_process_params;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_runtime_data 				= __ntapi_tt_get_runtime_data;
+	__ntapi->tt_init_runtime_data				= __ntapi_tt_init_runtime_data;
+	__ntapi->tt_update_runtime_data				= __ntapi_tt_update_runtime_data;
+	__ntapi->tt_exec_map_image_as_data			= __ntapi_tt_exec_map_image_as_data;
+	__ntapi->tt_exec_unmap_image				= __ntapi_tt_exec_unmap_image;
+
+	/* nt_section.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_get_section_name 				= __ntapi_tt_get_section_name;
+
+	/* nt_sync.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_create_inheritable_event 			= __ntapi_tt_create_inheritable_event;
+	__ntapi->tt_create_private_event 			= __ntapi_tt_create_private_event;
+	__ntapi->tt_wait_for_dummy_event 			= __ntapi_tt_wait_for_dummy_event;
+	__ntapi->tt_sync_block_init 				= __ntapi_tt_sync_block_init;
+	__ntapi->tt_sync_block_lock 				= __ntapi_tt_sync_block_lock;
+	__ntapi->tt_sync_block_server_lock 			= __ntapi_tt_sync_block_server_lock;
+	__ntapi->tt_sync_block_unlock 				= __ntapi_tt_sync_block_unlock;
+	__ntapi->tt_sync_block_invalidate 			= __ntapi_tt_sync_block_invalidate;
+
+	/* nt_port.h */
+	__ntapi->csr_port_handle 				= __ntapi_csr_port_handle;
+	__ntapi->tt_port_guid_from_type				= __ntapi_tt_port_guid_from_type;
+	__ntapi->tt_port_type_from_guid				= __ntapi_tt_port_type_from_guid;
+	__ntapi->tt_port_generate_keys 				= __ntapi_tt_port_generate_keys;
+	__ntapi->tt_port_format_keys 				= __ntapi_tt_port_format_keys;
+	__ntapi->tt_port_name_from_attributes 			= __ntapi_tt_port_name_from_attributes;
+
+	/* nt_argv.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_get_cmd_line_utf16 				= __ntapi_tt_get_cmd_line_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16 			= __ntapi_tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_parse_cmd_line_args_utf16 			= __ntapi_tt_parse_cmd_line_args_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_argv_envp_utf8 				= __ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf8;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_argv_envp_utf16				= __ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_env_var_meta_utf16 			= __ntapi_tt_get_env_var_meta_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_short_option_meta_utf16			= __ntapi_tt_get_short_option_meta_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_long_option_meta_utf16 			= __ntapi_tt_get_long_option_meta_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_array_copy_utf16				= __ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_array_copy_utf8				= __ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf8;
+	__ntapi->tt_array_convert_utf8_to_utf16			= __ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf8_to_utf16;
+	__ntapi->tt_array_convert_utf16_to_utf8			= __ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf16_to_utf8;
+
+	/* nt_blitter.h */
+	__ntapi->blt_alloc					= __ntapi_blt_alloc;
+	__ntapi->blt_free					= __ntapi_blt_free;
+	__ntapi->blt_acquire					= __ntapi_blt_acquire;
+	__ntapi->blt_obtain					= __ntapi_blt_obtain;
+	__ntapi->blt_possess					= __ntapi_blt_possess;
+	__ntapi->blt_release					= __ntapi_blt_release;
+	__ntapi->blt_get 					= __ntapi_blt_get;
+	__ntapi->blt_set 					= __ntapi_blt_set;
+
+	/* nt_unicode.h */
+	__ntapi->uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf8 		= __ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf8;
+	__ntapi->uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf16 		= __ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf16;
+	__ntapi->uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf8		= __ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf8;
+	__ntapi->uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf16		= __ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf16;
+	__ntapi->uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf16 	= __ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf16;
+	__ntapi->uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf32 	= __ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf32;
+	__ntapi->uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf8 	= __ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf8;
+	__ntapi->uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf32 	= __ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf32;
+
+	/* nt_daemon.h */
+	__ntapi->dsr_init					= __ntapi_dsr_init;
+	__ntapi->dsr_start					= __ntapi_dsr_start;
+	__ntapi->dsr_create_port 				= __ntapi_dsr_create_port;
+	__ntapi->dsr_connect_internal_client			= __ntapi_dsr_connect_internal_client;
+	__ntapi->dsr_internal_client_connect			= __ntapi_dsr_internal_client_connect;
+
+	/* nt_vfd.h */
+	__ntapi->vfd_dev_name_init				= __ntapi_vfd_dev_name_init;
+
+	/* nt_tty.h */
+	__ntapi->tty_create_session				= __ntapi_tty_create_session;
+	__ntapi->tty_join_session				= __ntapi_tty_join_session;
+	__ntapi->tty_connect					= __ntapi_tty_connect;
+	__ntapi->tty_client_session_query			= __ntapi_tty_client_session_query;
+	__ntapi->tty_client_session_set				= __ntapi_tty_client_session_set;
+	__ntapi->tty_client_process_register			= __ntapi_tty_client_process_register;
+	__ntapi->tty_query_information_server			= __ntapi_tty_query_information_server;
+	__ntapi->tty_request_peer				= __ntapi_tty_request_peer;
+	__ntapi->tty_vms_query					= __ntapi_tty_vms_query;
+	__ntapi->tty_vms_request 				= __ntapi_tty_vms_request;
+	__ntapi->pty_open					= __ntapi_pty_open;
+	__ntapi->pty_reopen					= __ntapi_pty_reopen;
+	__ntapi->pty_close					= __ntapi_pty_close;
+	__ntapi->pty_read					= __ntapi_pty_read;
+	__ntapi->pty_write					= __ntapi_pty_write;
+	__ntapi->pty_ioctl					= __ntapi_pty_ioctl;
+	__ntapi->pty_query					= __ntapi_pty_query;
+	__ntapi->pty_set						= __ntapi_pty_set;
+	__ntapi->pty_cancel					= __ntapi_pty_cancel;
+
+	/* nt_socket.h */
+	__ntapi->sc_listen					= __ntapi_sc_listen;
+	__ntapi->sc_accept					= __ntapi_sc_accept;
+	__ntapi->sc_send 					= __ntapi_sc_send;
+	__ntapi->sc_recv 					= __ntapi_sc_recv;
+	__ntapi->sc_shutdown					= __ntapi_sc_shutdown;
+	__ntapi->sc_server_duplicate_socket			= __ntapi_sc_server_duplicate_socket;
+	__ntapi->sc_wait = __ntapi_sc_wait;
+
+	/* nt_mount.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_get_dos_drive_device_handle			= __ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_handle;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_dos_drive_root_handle			= __ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_root_handle;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_dos_drive_device_name			= __ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_name;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_dos_drive_mount_points			= __ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_mount_points;
+	__ntapi->tt_dev_mount_points_to_statfs			= __ntapi_tt_dev_mount_points_to_statfs;
+	__ntapi->tt_get_dos_drive_letter_from_device		= __ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_letter_from_device;
+
+	/* nt_istat.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_istat					= __ntapi_tt_istat;
+	__ntapi->tt_validate_fs_handle				= __ntapi_tt_validate_fs_handle;
+
+	/* nt_stat.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_stat 					= __ntapi_tt_stat;
+
+	/* nt_statfs.h */
+	__ntapi->tt_statfs					= __ntapi_tt_statfs;
+
+	/* nt_vmount.h */
+	__ntapi->vms_get_node_by_dev_name			= __ntapi_vms_get_node_by_dev_name;
+	__ntapi->vms_get_node_by_end_component			= __ntapi_vms_get_node_by_end_component;
+	__ntapi->vms_cache_alloc 				= __ntapi_vms_cache_alloc;
+	__ntapi->vms_cache_free					= __ntapi_vms_cache_free;
+	__ntapi->vms_client_connect				= __ntapi_vms_client_connect;
+	__ntapi->vms_client_disconnect				= __ntapi_vms_client_disconnect;
+	__ntapi->vms_point_attach				= __ntapi_vms_point_attach;
+	__ntapi->vms_point_get_handles				= __ntapi_vms_point_get_handles;
+	__ntapi->vms_ref_count_inc				= __ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc;
+	__ntapi->vms_ref_count_dec				= __ntapi_vms_ref_count_dec;
+	__ntapi->vms_table_query 				= __ntapi_vms_table_query;
+
+	/* nt_debug.h */
+	#ifdef __DEBUG
+	__ntapi->dbg_write					= __dbg_write;
+	__ntapi->dbg_fn_call					= __dbg_fn_call;
+	__ntapi->dbg_msg 					= __dbg_msg;
+	#endif
+
+
+	/* OS version dependent functions */
+	if (__ntapi->zw_create_user_process) {
+		__ntapi->tt_fork 				= __ntapi_tt_fork_v2;
+		__ntapi->tt_create_native_process		= __ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v2;
+		__ntapi->ipc_create_pipe 			= __ntapi_ipc_create_pipe_v2;
+		__ntapi->sc_socket				= __ntapi_sc_socket_v2;
+		__ntapi->sc_bind 				= __ntapi_sc_bind_v2;
+		__ntapi->sc_connect				= __ntapi_sc_connect_v2;
+		__ntapi->sc_server_accept_connection		= __ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v2;
+		__ntapi->sc_getsockname				= __ntapi_sc_getsockname_v2;
+	} else {
+		__ntapi->tt_fork = __ntapi_tt_fork_v1;
+		__ntapi->tt_create_native_process		= __ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v1;
+		__ntapi->ipc_create_pipe 			= __ntapi_ipc_create_pipe_v1;
+		__ntapi->sc_socket				= __ntapi_sc_socket_v1;
+		__ntapi->sc_bind 				= __ntapi_sc_bind_v1;
+		__ntapi->sc_connect				= __ntapi_sc_connect_v1;
+		__ntapi->sc_server_accept_connection		= __ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v1;
+		__ntapi->sc_getsockname				= __ntapi_sc_getsockname_v1;
+	}
+
+	/* internals */
+	internals->ntapi_img_sec_bss				= &__ntapi_img_bss;
+	internals->subsystem					= &__ntapi_rdata.img_sec_data.__session_name;
+
+	internals->tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic		= __GET_CSR_PORT_HANDLE_BY_LOGIC;
+	internals->csr_port_handle_addr				= __GET_CSR_PORT_HANDLE_BY_LOGIC();
+
+	/* shadow copy for client libraries */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)&___ntapi_shadow,
+		(uintptr_t *)&___ntapi,
+		sizeof(ntapi_vtbl));
+
+	/* done */
+	*pvtbl	= &___ntapi_shadow;
+	at_locked_inc(&__ntapi_init_idx);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_init_pending(ntapi_vtbl ** pvtbl)
+{
+	return NT_STATUS_PENDING;
+}
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_init_completed(ntapi_vtbl ** pvtbl)
+{
+	*pvtbl = __ntapi;
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+};
+
+
+__ntapi_api
+int32_t __fastcall ntapi_init(ntapi_vtbl ** pvtbl)
+{
+	return __ntapi_init_vtbl[__ntapi_init_idx](pvtbl);
+}
+
+
+ntapi_internals * __cdecl __ntapi_internals(void)
+{
+	return internals;
+}
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_blitter.h b/src/internal/ntapi_blitter.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a285d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_blitter.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#ifndef ___NTAPI_BLITTER_H_
+#define ___NTAPI_BLITTER_H_
+
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_blitter.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+
+#define __NT_BLITTER_DEFAULT_LOCK_TRIES		256
+#define __NT_BLITTER_DEFAULT_ROUND_TRIPS	64
+
+typedef struct nt_blitter_context {
+	struct nt_blitter_context *	addr;
+	size_t				size;
+	uintptr_t			ptrs;
+	nt_blitter_info			info;
+	nt_blitter_params		params;
+	uintptr_t *			bitmap;
+	uintptr_t			bits[];
+} nt_blitter;
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_context.h b/src/internal/ntapi_context.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4020158
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_context.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#ifndef ___NTAPI_CONTEXT_H_
+#define ___NTAPI_CONTEXT_H_
+
+#if defined(__X86_MODEL)
+	/* csr port handle */
+	#define __GET_CSR_PORT_HANDLE_BY_LOGIC	__ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic_i386
+
+	/* register names */
+	#define STACK_POINTER_REGISTER		uc_esp
+	#define INSTRUCTION_POINTER_REGISTER	uc_eip
+	#define FAST_CALL_ARG0			uc_ecx
+	#define FAST_CALL_ARG1			uc_edx
+
+	/* thread context initialization */
+	#define __INIT_CONTEXT(context)	\
+			context.uc_context_flags = NT_CONTEXT_JUST_EVERYTHING; \
+			context.uc_seg_gs	= 0x00;	\
+			context.uc_seg_fs	= 0x3b;	\
+			context.uc_seg_es	= 0x23;	\
+			context.uc_seg_ds	= 0x23;	\
+			context.uc_seg_ss	= 0x23;	\
+			context.uc_seg_cs	= 0x1b;	\
+			context.uc_eflags	= 0x200
+
+#elif defined (__X86_64_MODEL)
+	/* csr port handle */
+	#define __GET_CSR_PORT_HANDLE_BY_LOGIC	__ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic_x86_64
+
+	/* register names */
+	#define STACK_POINTER_REGISTER		uc_rsp
+	#define INSTRUCTION_POINTER_REGISTER	uc_rip
+	#define FAST_CALL_ARG0			uc_rcx
+	#define FAST_CALL_ARG1			uc_rdx
+
+	/* thread context initialization */
+	#define __INIT_CONTEXT(context)	\
+			context.uc_context_flags= NT_CONTEXT_JUST_EVERYTHING; \
+			context.uc_seg_cs	= 0x33;	\
+			context.uc_seg_ds	= 0x2b;	\
+			context.uc_seg_es	= 0x2b;	\
+			context.uc_seg_fs	= 0x53;	\
+			context.uc_seg_gs	= 0x2b;	\
+			context.uc_seg_ss	= 0x2b;	\
+			context.uc_eflags	= 0x200; \
+			context.uc_mx_csr	= 0x1f80
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_debug.c b/src/internal/ntapi_debug.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb56c64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_debug.c
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#ifdef __DEBUG
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+char dbg_buf[0x1000];
+
+ssize_t __cdecl __dbg_write(
+	__in	void *		hfile,
+	__in	const void *	buf,
+	__in	size_t		bytes)
+{
+	nt_iosb		iosb;
+	int32_t		status;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_write_file(
+		hfile,
+		(void *)0,
+		(nt_io_apc_routine *)0,
+		(void *)0,
+		&iosb,
+		(void *)buf,
+		(uint32_t)bytes,
+		(nt_large_integer *)0,
+		(uint32_t *)0);
+
+	if (status == NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return iosb.info;
+	else
+		return -1;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __cdecl __dbg_fn_call(
+	__in	void *			hfile		__optional,
+	__in	char *			fn_caller_name,
+	__in	void *			fn_callee_addr,
+	__in	uintptr_t		fn_ret,
+	__in	ntapi_dbg_write*	pfn_dbg_write	__optional,
+	__in	char *			source		__optional,
+	__in	int			line		__optional)
+{
+	struct pe_ldr_tbl_entry *	image_meta;
+	void *				image_base;
+	char *				fn_name;
+	size_t				bytes;
+	char				dbg_buf[256];
+
+	if (!pfn_dbg_write)
+		pfn_dbg_write = __dbg_write;
+
+	image_meta = pe_get_symbol_module_info(fn_callee_addr);
+	fn_name    = (char *)0;
+
+	if (image_meta)
+		image_base = image_meta->dll_base;
+	else
+		image_base = (void *)0;
+
+
+	if (image_base)
+		fn_name = pe_get_symbol_name(
+			image_base,
+			fn_callee_addr);
+
+	if (!fn_name)
+		fn_name = pe_get_import_symbol_info(
+			fn_callee_addr,
+			(void **)0,
+			(char **)0,
+			&image_meta);
+
+	if (source && fn_name)
+		bytes = __ntapi->sprintf(
+				dbg_buf,
+				"%s: (%s:%d):\n"
+				"--> %s returned 0x%08x\n\n",
+				fn_caller_name, source, line, fn_name, fn_ret);
+	else if (fn_name)
+		bytes = __ntapi->sprintf(
+				dbg_buf,
+				"%s: %s returned 0x%08x\n\n",
+				fn_caller_name, fn_name, fn_ret);
+	else if (source)
+		bytes = __ntapi->sprintf(
+				dbg_buf,
+				"%s: (%s:%d):\n"
+				"--> calling 0x%08x returned 0x%08x\n\n",
+				fn_caller_name, source, line, fn_callee_addr, fn_ret);
+	else
+		bytes = __ntapi->sprintf(
+				dbg_buf,
+				"%s: calling 0x%08x returned 0x%08x\n\n",
+				fn_caller_name, fn_callee_addr, fn_ret);
+
+	if (bytes) {
+		bytes = __ntapi->strlen(dbg_buf);
+
+		if (bytes == pfn_dbg_write(hfile,dbg_buf,bytes))
+			return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		else
+			return NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+	} else
+		return NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __cdecl __dbg_msg(
+	__in	void *			hfile		__optional,
+	__in	char *			source		__optional,
+	__in	int			line		__optional,
+	__in	char *			fn_caller_name,
+	__in	char *			fmt,
+	__in	uintptr_t		arg1,
+	__in	uintptr_t		arg2,
+	__in	uintptr_t		arg3,
+	__in	uintptr_t		arg4,
+	__in	uintptr_t		arg5,
+	__in	uintptr_t		arg6,
+	__in	ntapi_dbg_write*	pfn_dbg_write	__optional)
+{
+	char *		buffer;
+	size_t		bytes;
+
+	if (!pfn_dbg_write)
+		pfn_dbg_write = __dbg_write;
+
+	bytes  = 0;
+	buffer = dbg_buf;
+
+	if (source)
+		bytes = __ntapi->sprintf(
+				buffer,
+				"%s: (%s:%d):\n--> ",
+				fn_caller_name,source,line);
+	else if (fn_caller_name)
+		bytes = __ntapi->sprintf(
+				buffer,
+				"%s: ",
+				fn_caller_name);
+	else
+		dbg_buf[0] = '\0';
+
+	if (bytes >= 0)
+		buffer += __ntapi->strlen(dbg_buf);
+	else
+		return NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+
+	bytes = __ntapi->sprintf(buffer,fmt,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5,arg6);
+
+	if (bytes) {
+		bytes = __ntapi->strlen(dbg_buf);
+
+		if (bytes == pfn_dbg_write(hfile,dbg_buf,bytes))
+			return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		else
+			return NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+	} else
+		return NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_fnapi.h b/src/internal/ntapi_fnapi.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4474334
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_fnapi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#ifndef ___NTAPI_FNAPI_H_
+#define ___NTAPI_FNAPI_H_
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_hash_table.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* internal prototypes */
+typedef int32_t __stdcall ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data(
+	__in		void *				hprocess,
+	__in_out	nt_runtime_data_block *		runtime_data);
+
+typedef void ** __cdecl ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic(void);
+
+/* nt_object.h */
+ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory		__ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory;
+ntapi_tt_open_keyed_object_directory		__ntapi_tt_open_keyed_object_directory;
+ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory_entry	__ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory_entry;
+
+/* nt_crc32.h */
+ntapi_tt_buffer_crc32				__ntapi_tt_buffer_crc32;
+ntapi_tt_mbstr_crc32				__ntapi_tt_mbstr_crc32;
+ntapi_tt_crc32_table				__ntapi_tt_crc32_table;
+
+/* nt_file.h */
+ntapi_tt_get_file_handle_type			__ntapi_tt_get_file_handle_type;
+ntapi_tt_open_logical_parent_directory		__ntapi_tt_open_logical_parent_directory;
+ntapi_tt_open_physical_parent_directory		__ntapi_tt_open_physical_parent_directory;
+
+
+/* nt_ipc.h */
+ntapi_ipc_create_pipe				__ntapi_ipc_create_pipe_v1;
+ntapi_ipc_create_pipe				__ntapi_ipc_create_pipe_v2;
+
+/* nt_ldr */
+ntapi_ldr_load_system_dll			__ntapi_ldr_load_system_dll;
+ntapi_ldr_create_state_snapshot			__ntapi_ldr_create_state_snapshot;
+ntapi_ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot		__ntapi_ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot;
+
+/* nt_string.h */
+ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_multibyte		__ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_multibyte;
+ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_short		__ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_short;
+ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_dword		__ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_dword;
+ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_qword		__ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_qword;
+ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_ptrsize		__ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_ptrsize;
+ntapi_wcslen					__ntapi_wcslen;
+ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset			__ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset;
+ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy			__ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy;
+ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16		__ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_memcpy_utf16				__ntapi_tt_memcpy_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16			__ntapi_tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_generic_memset				__ntapi_tt_generic_memset;
+ntapi_tt_generic_memcpy				__ntapi_tt_generic_memcpy;
+ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16			__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16			__ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf16			__ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16			__ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16			__ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16;
+ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32			__ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32;
+ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint64			__ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint64;
+ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr			__ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr;
+ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf8			__ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf8;
+ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf8			__ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf8;
+ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf8			__ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf8;
+ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8			__ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8;
+
+/* nt_guid.h */
+ntapi_tt_guid_to_utf16_string			__ntapi_tt_guid_to_utf16_string;
+ntapi_tt_utf16_string_to_guid			__ntapi_tt_utf16_string_to_guid;
+
+/* nt_sysinfo.h */
+ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_native_path	__ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_native_path;
+ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_dos_path		__ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_dos_path;
+ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_handle		__ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_handle;
+ntapi_tt_get_system_info_snapshot		__ntapi_tt_get_system_info_snapshot;
+
+/* nt_thread.h */
+ntapi_tt_create_thread		__ntapi_tt_create_thread;
+ntapi_tt_create_local_thread			__ntapi_tt_create_local_thread;
+ntapi_tt_create_remote_thread			__ntapi_tt_create_remote_thread;
+
+/* nt_process.h */
+ntapi_tt_fork					__ntapi_tt_fork_v1;
+ntapi_tt_fork					__ntapi_tt_fork_v2;
+ntapi_tt_create_remote_process_params		__ntapi_tt_create_remote_process_params;
+ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data		__ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data;
+ntapi_tt_create_native_process			__ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v1;
+ntapi_tt_create_native_process			__ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v2;
+ntapi_tt_get_runtime_data			__ntapi_tt_get_runtime_data;
+ntapi_tt_init_runtime_data			__ntapi_tt_init_runtime_data;
+ntapi_tt_update_runtime_data			__ntapi_tt_update_runtime_data;
+ntapi_tt_exec_map_image_as_data			__ntapi_tt_exec_map_image_as_data;
+ntapi_tt_exec_unmap_image			__ntapi_tt_exec_unmap_image;
+
+/* nt_section.h */
+ntapi_tt_get_section_name			__ntapi_tt_get_section_name;
+
+/* nt_sync.h */
+ntapi_tt_create_inheritable_event		__ntapi_tt_create_inheritable_event;
+ntapi_tt_create_private_event			__ntapi_tt_create_private_event;
+ntapi_tt_wait_for_dummy_event			__ntapi_tt_wait_for_dummy_event;
+ntapi_tt_sync_block_init			__ntapi_tt_sync_block_init;
+ntapi_tt_sync_block_lock			__ntapi_tt_sync_block_lock;
+ntapi_tt_sync_block_server_lock			__ntapi_tt_sync_block_server_lock;
+ntapi_tt_sync_block_unlock			__ntapi_tt_sync_block_unlock;
+ntapi_tt_sync_block_invalidate			__ntapi_tt_sync_block_invalidate;
+
+/* nt_port.h */
+ntapi_tt_port_guid_from_type			__ntapi_tt_port_guid_from_type;
+ntapi_tt_port_type_from_guid			__ntapi_tt_port_type_from_guid;
+ntapi_tt_port_generate_keys			__ntapi_tt_port_generate_keys;
+ntapi_tt_port_format_keys			__ntapi_tt_port_format_keys;
+ntapi_tt_port_name_from_attributes		__ntapi_tt_port_name_from_attributes;
+
+/* nt_argv.h */
+ntapi_tt_get_cmd_line_utf16			__ntapi_tt_get_cmd_line_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16		__ntapi_tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_parse_cmd_line_args_utf16		__ntapi_tt_parse_cmd_line_args_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf8			__ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf8;
+ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf16			__ntapi_tt_get_argv_envp_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_get_env_var_meta_utf16			__ntapi_tt_get_env_var_meta_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_get_short_option_meta_utf16		__ntapi_tt_get_short_option_meta_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_get_long_option_meta_utf16		__ntapi_tt_get_long_option_meta_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf8			__ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf8;
+ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf16			__ntapi_tt_array_copy_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf8_to_utf16		__ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf8_to_utf16;
+ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf16_to_utf8		__ntapi_tt_array_convert_utf16_to_utf8;
+
+/* nt_blitter.h */
+ntapi_blt_alloc					__ntapi_blt_alloc;
+ntapi_blt_free					__ntapi_blt_free;
+ntapi_blt_acquire				__ntapi_blt_acquire;
+ntapi_blt_obtain				__ntapi_blt_obtain;
+ntapi_blt_possess				__ntapi_blt_possess;
+ntapi_blt_release				__ntapi_blt_release;
+ntapi_blt_get					__ntapi_blt_get;
+ntapi_blt_set					__ntapi_blt_set;
+
+/* nt_unicode.h */
+ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf8		__ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf8;
+ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf16		__ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf16;
+ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf8		__ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf8;
+ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf16	__ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf16;
+ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf16	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf16;
+ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf32	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf32;
+ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf8	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf8;
+ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf32	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf32;
+
+
+/* nt_daemon.h */
+ntapi_dsr_init					__ntapi_dsr_init;
+ntapi_dsr_start					__ntapi_dsr_start;
+ntapi_dsr_create_port				__ntapi_dsr_create_port;
+ntapi_dsr_connect_internal_client		__ntapi_dsr_connect_internal_client;
+ntapi_dsr_internal_client_connect		__ntapi_dsr_internal_client_connect;
+
+/* nt_vfd.h */
+ntapi_vfd_dev_name_init				__ntapi_vfd_dev_name_init;
+
+/* nt_tty.h */
+ntapi_tty_create_session			__ntapi_tty_create_session;
+ntapi_tty_join_session				__ntapi_tty_join_session;
+ntapi_tty_connect				__ntapi_tty_connect;
+ntapi_tty_client_session_query			__ntapi_tty_client_session_query;
+ntapi_tty_client_session_set			__ntapi_tty_client_session_set;
+ntapi_tty_client_process_register		__ntapi_tty_client_process_register;
+ntapi_tty_query_information_server		__ntapi_tty_query_information_server;
+ntapi_tty_request_peer				__ntapi_tty_request_peer;
+ntapi_tty_vms_query				__ntapi_tty_vms_query;
+ntapi_tty_vms_request				__ntapi_tty_vms_request;
+ntapi_pty_open					__ntapi_pty_open;
+ntapi_pty_reopen				__ntapi_pty_reopen;
+ntapi_pty_close					__ntapi_pty_close;
+ntapi_pty_read					__ntapi_pty_read;
+ntapi_pty_write					__ntapi_pty_write;
+ntapi_pty_ioctl					__ntapi_pty_ioctl;
+ntapi_pty_query					__ntapi_pty_query;
+ntapi_pty_set					__ntapi_pty_set;
+ntapi_pty_cancel				__ntapi_pty_cancel;
+
+/* nt_socket.h */
+ntapi_sc_socket					__ntapi_sc_socket_v1;
+ntapi_sc_socket					__ntapi_sc_socket_v2;
+ntapi_sc_bind					__ntapi_sc_bind_v1;
+ntapi_sc_bind					__ntapi_sc_bind_v2;
+ntapi_sc_connect				__ntapi_sc_connect_v1;
+ntapi_sc_connect				__ntapi_sc_connect_v2;
+ntapi_sc_getsockname				__ntapi_sc_getsockname_v1;
+ntapi_sc_getsockname				__ntapi_sc_getsockname_v2;
+ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection		__ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v1;
+ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection		__ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v2;
+ntapi_sc_server_duplicate_socket		__ntapi_sc_server_duplicate_socket;
+ntapi_sc_listen					__ntapi_sc_listen;
+ntapi_sc_accept					__ntapi_sc_accept;
+ntapi_sc_send					__ntapi_sc_send;
+ntapi_sc_recv					__ntapi_sc_recv;
+ntapi_sc_shutdown				__ntapi_sc_shutdown;
+ntapi_sc_wait					__ntapi_sc_wait;
+
+/* nt_mount.h */
+ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_handle		__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_handle;
+ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_root_handle		__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_root_handle;
+ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_name		__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_device_name;
+ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_mount_points		__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_mount_points;
+ntapi_tt_dev_mount_points_to_statfs		__ntapi_tt_dev_mount_points_to_statfs;
+ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_letter_from_device	__ntapi_tt_get_dos_drive_letter_from_device;
+
+/* nt_istat.h */
+ntapi_tt_istat					__ntapi_tt_istat;
+ntapi_tt_validate_fs_handle			__ntapi_tt_validate_fs_handle;
+
+/* nt_stat.h */
+ntapi_tt_stat					__ntapi_tt_stat;
+
+/* nt_statfs.h */
+ntapi_tt_statfs					__ntapi_tt_statfs;
+
+/* nt_vmount.h */
+ntapi_vms_get_node_by_dev_name			__ntapi_vms_get_node_by_dev_name;
+ntapi_vms_get_node_by_end_component		__ntapi_vms_get_node_by_end_component;
+ntapi_vms_cache_alloc				__ntapi_vms_cache_alloc;
+ntapi_vms_cache_free				__ntapi_vms_cache_free;
+ntapi_vms_client_connect			__ntapi_vms_client_connect;
+ntapi_vms_client_disconnect			__ntapi_vms_client_disconnect;
+ntapi_vms_point_attach				__ntapi_vms_point_attach;
+ntapi_vms_point_get_handles			__ntapi_vms_point_get_handles;
+ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc				__ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc;
+ntapi_vms_ref_count_dec				__ntapi_vms_ref_count_dec;
+ntapi_vms_table_query				__ntapi_vms_table_query;
+
+/* nt_hashes.h */
+ntapi_tt_populate_hashed_import_table		__ntapi_tt_populate_hashed_import_table;
+
+/* nt_guid.h */
+ntapi_tt_guid_copy				__ntapi_tt_guid_copy;
+ntapi_tt_guid_compare				__ntapi_tt_guid_compare;
+ntapi_tt_guid_to_utf16_string			__ntapi_tt_guid_to_utf16_string;
+ntapi_tt_utf16_string_to_guid			__ntapi_tt_utf16_string_to_guid;
+
+/* debug */
+ntapi_dbg_write					__dbg_write;
+ntapi_dbg_fn_call				__dbg_fn_call;
+ntapi_dbg_msg					__dbg_msg;
+
+/* csrss */
+ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic	__GET_CSR_PORT_HANDLE_BY_LOGIC;
+ntapi_csr_port_handle				__ntapi_csr_port_handle;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_hash_table.h b/src/internal/ntapi_hash_table.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..727e4f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_hash_table.h
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#ifndef ___NTAPI_HASH_TABLE_H_
+#define ___NTAPI_HASH_TABLE_H_
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+
+#define __NTAPI_HASH_TABLE \
+	{0x000f6dee,	(150)},	/* CsrPortHandle */ \
+	{0x00b3a87b,	(30)},	/* ZwMapUserPhysicalPages */ \
+	{0x011c4489,	(95)},	/* ZwPulseEvent */ \
+	{0x02513506,	(39)},	/* ZwAreMappedFilesTheSame */ \
+	{0x034a4430,	(63)},	/* RtlCreateProcessParameters */ \
+	{0x03bb7a3c,	(187)},	/* ZwRestoreKey */ \
+	{0x04e21f45,	(75)},	/* ZwCreateToken */ \
+	{0x04f94dc4,	(190)},	/* ZwUnloadKey */ \
+	{0x06125322,	(216)},	/* ZwAccessCheckByTypeResultListAndAuditAlarmByHandle */ \
+	{0x06b550e3,	(146)},	/* ZwWriteRequestData */ \
+	{0x0708114b,	(50)},	/* ZwTestAlert */ \
+	{0x08087626,	(34)},	/* ZwOpenSection */ \
+	{0x08b1918f,	(45)},	/* ZwSuspendThread */ \
+	{0x097e0efd,	(154)},	/* ZwOpenFile */ \
+	{0x0a7a10d0,	(88)},	/* ZwOpenTimer */ \
+	{0x0a83f5d6,	(191)},	/* ZwQueryOpenSubKeys */ \
+	{0x0bd77556,	(218)},	/* ZwSetThreadExecutionState */ \
+	{0x0c5cf449,	(168)},	/* ZwQueryEaFile */ \
+	{0x0d638bd2,	(74)},	/* ZwSetInformationJobObject */ \
+	{0x0e629eed,	(102)},	/* ZwQuerySemaphore */ \
+	{0x11fcbb7c,	(23)},	/* ZwReadVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x124a301e,	(16)},	/* ZwSetSystemEnvironmentValue */ \
+	{0x12ec66eb,	(227)},	/* ZwQueryDefaultLocale */ \
+	{0x1742c5c9,	(162)},	/* ZwWriteFileGather */ \
+	{0x177157e3,	(42)},	/* ZwTerminateThread */ \
+	{0x1af41c1a,	(22)},	/* ZwProtectVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x1c0197e6,	(233)},	/* ZwAllocateUuids */ \
+	{0x1c7a90a1,	(5)},	/* ZwQuerySecurityObject */ \
+	{0x1cf668c5,	(194)},	/* ZwQueryKey */ \
+	{0x2259fc62,	(2)},	/* ZwDuplicateObject */ \
+	{0x24e09c64,	(18)},	/* ZwSystemDebugControl */ \
+	{0x255bf138,	(142)},	/* ZwReplyWaitReplyPort */ \
+	{0x25684721,	(76)},	/* ZwOpenProcessToken */ \
+	{0x25d91d90,	(71)},	/* ZwTerminateJobObject */ \
+	{0x26e1170e,	(193)},	/* ZwSetInformationKey */ \
+	{0x27dd46c3,	(29)},	/* ZwFreeUserPhysicalPages */ \
+	{0x2812eb3c,	(232)},	/* ZwAllocateLocallyUniqueId */ \
+	{0x28574a3f,	(77)},	/* ZwOpenThreadToken */ \
+	{0x29b5ea3d,	(140)},	/* ZwRequestWaitReplyPort */ \
+	{0x2a6ac6fb,	(26)},	/* ZwUnlockVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x2aad9aed,	(83)},	/* ZwSetInformationToken */ \
+	{0x2b2356f7,	(52)},	/* ZwAlertResumeThread */ \
+	{0x2c0f001a,	(230)},	/* ZwSetDefaultUILanguage */ \
+	{0x2f22b634,	(96)},	/* ZwResetEvent */ \
+	{0x30309daa,	(170)},	/* ZwCreateNamedPipeFile */ \
+	{0x3064d37b,	(68)},	/* RtlQueryProcessDebugInformation */ \
+	{0x30911e3f,	(196)},	/* ZwNotifyChangeKey */ \
+	{0x32ad44f5,	(73)},	/* ZwQueryInformationJobObject */ \
+	{0x33a33c40,	(163)},	/* ZwLockFile */ \
+	{0x357f8a82,	(36)},	/* ZwExtendSection */ \
+	{0x3753c2c8,	(198)},	/* ZwDeleteValueKey */ \
+	{0x379a6717,	(93)},	/* ZwOpenEvent */ \
+	{0x391b8d79,	(157)},	/* ZwCancelIoFile */ \
+	{0x3928a4cc,	(20)},	/* ZwFreeVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x39bea937,	(89)},	/* ZwCancelTimer */ \
+	{0x3abffc38,	(239)},	/* ZwFlushWriteBuffer */ \
+	{0x3b1f8d85,	(124)},	/* ZwQueryTimerResolution */ \
+	{0x3d4aceeb,	(248)},	/* memset */ \
+	{0x3e1d331d,	(44)},	/* ZwSetInformationThread */ \
+	{0x3f62370b,	(204)},	/* ZwPrivilegeCheck */ \
+	{0x416c4024,	(118)},	/* ZwSetLowWaitHighEventPair */ \
+	{0x43c1745d,	(92)},	/* ZwCreateEvent */ \
+	{0x43d65de2,	(231)},	/* ZwQueryInstallUILanguage */ \
+	{0x45d7086f,	(108)},	/* ZwOpenIoCompletion */ \
+	{0x465977c0,	(129)},	/* ZwQueryIntervalProfile */ \
+	{0x47b3fd39,	(8)},	/* ZwOpenDirectoryObject */ \
+	{0x47dd6896,	(171)},	/* ZwCreateMailslotFile */ \
+	{0x49d62b40,	(246)},	/* LdrLoadDll */ \
+	{0x4a638203,	(91)},	/* ZwQueryTimer */ \
+	{0x4c51093e,	(189)},	/* ZwLoadKey2 */ \
+	{0x4cb0ea34,	(206)},	/* ZwPrivilegedServiceAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0x4cc741f4,	(222)},	/* ZwPowerInformation */ \
+	{0x4d0aa736,	(207)},	/* ZwAccessCheck */ \
+	{0x4d361035,	(181)},	/* ZwCreateKey */ \
+	{0x4de0faef,	(10)},	/* ZwCreateSymbolicLinkObject */ \
+	{0x4e049b9b,	(72)},	/* ZwAssignProcessToJobObject */ \
+	{0x4ed4c833,	(0)},	/* ZwQueryObject */ \
+	{0x4efff89a,	(166)},	/* ZwFsControlFile */ \
+	{0x4fe5a956,	(49)},	/* ZwQueueApcThread */ \
+	{0x50f7777d,	(84)},	/* ZwWaitForSingleObject */ \
+	{0x513877ab,	(61)},	/* ZwSetInformationProcess */ \
+	{0x51d5c98d,	(137)},	/* ZwAcceptConnectPort */ \
+	{0x51ddffce,	(242)},	/* ZwDisplayString */ \
+	{0x51fbe1c4,	(165)},	/* ZwDeviceIoControlFile */ \
+	{0x52334a05,	(213)},	/* ZwDeleteObjectAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0x5288a7cf,	(46)},	/* ZwResumeThread */ \
+	{0x54a89e87,	(131)},	/* ZwStopProfile */ \
+	{0x56ada303,	(185)},	/* ZwSaveKey */ \
+	{0x57dd87c6,	(114)},	/* ZwWaitLowEventPair */ \
+	{0x5879157d,	(241)},	/* ZwSetDefaultHardErrorPort */ \
+	{0x58b766a7,	(200)},	/* ZwQueryValueKey */ \
+	{0x59d0cf7f,	(9)},	/* ZwQueryDirectoryObject */ \
+	{0x5a201018,	(180)},	/* ZwSetInformationFile */ \
+	{0x5b24a650,	(155)},	/* ZwDeleteFile */ \
+	{0x5cc5b0cc,	(149)},	/* CsrClientCallServer */ \
+	{0x5ccb443b,	(245)},	/* ZwVdmControl */ \
+	{0x5d5b0c74,	(15)},	/* ZwQuerySystemEnvironmentValue */ \
+	{0x5dcf9e33,	(205)},	/* ZwPrivilegeObjectAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0x5f3fb511,	(164)},	/* ZwUnlockFile */ \
+	{0x60ebf65f,	(120)},	/* ZwQuerySystemTime */ \
+	{0x63033516,	(244)},	/* ZwSetLdtEntries */ \
+	{0x63cc9e64,	(66)},	/* RtlCreateQueryDebugBuffer */ \
+	{0x64a2ceb5,	(56)},	/* ZwCreateProcess */ \
+	{0x654da6fd,	(143)},	/* ZwReplyWaitReceivePort */ \
+	{0x6570064e,	(243)},	/* ZwCreatePagingFile */ \
+	{0x65b5374b,	(14)},	/* ZwSetSystemInformation */ \
+	{0x6a2d88fc,	(126)},	/* ZwYieldExecution */ \
+	{0x6c1b25c0,	(97)},	/* ZwClearEvent */ \
+	{0x6db16208,	(238)},	/* ZwQueryInformationAtom */ \
+	{0x6e0c0f9d,	(65)},	/* RtlNormalizeProcessParams */ \
+	{0x6f11895e,	(217)},	/* ZwIsSystemResumeAutomatic */ \
+	{0x7160272d,	(144)},	/* ZwReplyWaitReceivePortEx */ \
+	{0x72f83a29,	(67)},	/* RtlDestroyQueryDebugBuffer */ \
+	{0x73349dea,	(160)},	/* ZwWriteFile */ \
+	{0x75e01428,	(111)},	/* ZwQueryIoCompletion */ \
+	{0x75e970e4,	(115)},	/* ZwSetLowEventPair */ \
+	{0x7683000f,	(38)},	/* ZwUnmapViewOfSection */ \
+	{0x76d9a68b,	(159)},	/* ZwReadFile */ \
+	{0x7783f5c4,	(98)},	/* ZwQueryEvent */ \
+	{0x78327b0d,	(173)},	/* ZwSetVolumeInformationFile */ \
+	{0x78a28538,	(80)},	/* ZwAdjustPrivilegesToken */ \
+	{0x7b9f9b64,	(182)},	/* ZwOpenKey */ \
+	{0x7ccd8968,	(138)},	/* ZwCompleteConnectPort */ \
+	{0x7dfb3677,	(169)},	/* ZwSetEaFile */ \
+	{0x7e21039a,	(87)},	/* ZwCreateTimer */ \
+	{0x7ec723c2,	(122)},	/* ZwQueryPerformanceCounter */ \
+	{0x7f99ab33,	(145)},	/* ZwReadRequestData */ \
+	{0x81b18dcd,	(21)},	/* ZwQueryVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x842e9cbb,	(43)},	/* ZwQueryInformationThread */ \
+	{0x84d52359,	(112)},	/* ZwCreateEventPair */ \
+	{0x84e3898f,	(183)},	/* ZwDeleteKey */ \
+	{0x850106f7,	(7)},	/* ZwCreateDirectoryObject */ \
+	{0x8548dfbd,	(106)},	/* ZwQueryMutant */ \
+	{0x85f069ec,	(197)},	/* ZwNotifyChangeMultipleKeys */ \
+	{0x87763935,	(249)},	/* sprintf */ \
+	{0x87fd0a60,	(24)},	/* ZwWriteVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x8a1989d8,	(136)},	/* ZwListenPort */ \
+	{0x8afaa2ca,	(31)},	/* ZwGetWriteWatch */ \
+	{0x8b3aacc6,	(174)},	/* ZwQueryQuotaInformationFile */ \
+	{0x8bf01eb2,	(135)},	/* ZwSecureConnectPort */ \
+	{0x8c4a9ca2,	(100)},	/* ZwOpenSemaphore */ \
+	{0x8cb632f5,	(17)},	/* ZwShutdownSystem */ \
+	{0x8d31519d,	(58)},	/* ZwOpenProcess */ \
+	{0x8d5b0647,	(53)},	/* ZwRegisterThreadTerminatePort */ \
+	{0x8df4b3ed,	(158)},	/* ZwCancelIoFileEx */ \
+	{0x8e80b080,	(119)},	/* ZwSetHighWaitLowEventPair */ \
+	{0x8eb2c33b,	(121)},	/* ZwSetSystemTime */ \
+	{0x8fe01ce6,	(4)},	/* ZwClose */ \
+	{0x8ffaebe4,	(70)},	/* ZwOpenJobObject */ \
+	{0x90bf911c,	(177)},	/* ZwQueryFullAttributesFile */ \
+	{0x920b0183,	(116)},	/* ZwWaitHighEventPair */ \
+	{0x9331fae3,	(25)},	/* ZwLockVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x9384c236,	(103)},	/* ZwCreateMutant */ \
+	{0x93e64266,	(130)},	/* ZwStartProfile */ \
+	{0x949f76b6,	(19)},	/* ZwAllocateVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0x956ba548,	(11)},	/* ZwOpenSymbolicLinkObject */ \
+	{0x963cafbc,	(229)},	/* ZwQueryDefaultUILanguage */ \
+	{0x9731aded,	(178)},	/* ZwQueryDirectoryFile */ \
+	{0x978855cd,	(37)},	/* ZwMapViewOfSection */ \
+	{0x98058c5c,	(86)},	/* ZwWaitForMultipleObjects */ \
+	{0x997388d8,	(237)},	/* ZwDeleteAtom */ \
+	{0x9bf04a73,	(172)},	/* ZwQueryVolumeInformationFile */ \
+	{0x9c805856,	(167)},	/* ZwNotifyChangeDirectoryFile */ \
+	{0x9d9c64db,	(186)},	/* ZwSaveMergedKeys */ \
+	{0x9fb42181,	(79)},	/* ZwFilterToken */ \
+	{0x9fce5072,	(57)},	/* ZwCreateUserProcess */ \
+	{0xa09dea3c,	(192)},	/* ZwReplaceKey */ \
+	{0xa313f9b0,	(220)},	/* ZwSetSystemPowerState */ \
+	{0xa34a43e1,	(48)},	/* ZwSetContextThread */ \
+	{0xa51616fd,	(156)},	/* ZwFlushBuffersFile */ \
+	{0xa589ce00,	(226)},	/* ZwContinue */ \
+	{0xa5b2c609,	(117)},	/* ZwSetHighEventPair */ \
+	{0xa8720028,	(153)},	/* ZwCreateFile */ \
+	{0xa93301f4,	(110)},	/* ZwRemoveIoCompletion */ \
+	{0xa9e5e651,	(199)},	/* ZwSetValueKey */ \
+	{0xabc87b74,	(32)},	/* ZwResetWriteWatch */ \
+	{0xac5765bd,	(211)},	/* ZwOpenObjectAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0xac77c9d4,	(47)},	/* ZwGetContextThread */ \
+	{0xaccf3eee,	(214)},	/* ZwAccessCheckByTypeAndAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0xacdddfe2,	(176)},	/* ZwQueryAttributesFile */ \
+	{0xafe64c80,	(179)},	/* ZwQueryInformationFile */ \
+	{0xb28fcd19,	(1)},	/* ZwSetInformationObject */ \
+	{0xb2adc219,	(209)},	/* ZwAccessCheckByType */ \
+	{0xb32b8a16,	(41)},	/* ZwOpenThread */ \
+	{0xb39f2b58,	(128)},	/* ZwSetIntervalProfile */ \
+	{0xb3a5ef4c,	(64)},	/* RtlDestroyProcessParameters */ \
+	{0xb3d90f63,	(60)},	/* ZwQueryInformationProcess */ \
+	{0xb3f8b8ba,	(184)},	/* ZwFlushKey */ \
+	{0xb468e7d0,	(225)},	/* ZwRaiseException */ \
+	{0xb4f463e1,	(175)},	/* ZwSetQuotaInformationFile */ \
+	{0xb5ce95b0,	(109)},	/* ZwSetIoCompletion */ \
+	{0xb677bd15,	(219)},	/* ZwGetDevicePowerState */ \
+	{0xb891d19c,	(141)},	/* ZwReplyPort */ \
+	{0xba08cfed,	(221)},	/* ZwInitiatePowerAction */ \
+	{0xba5bdfc3,	(234)},	/* ZwSetUuidSeed */ \
+	{0xbc310050,	(133)},	/* ZwCreateWaitablePort */ \
+	{0xbde7d8d1,	(151)},	/* ZwLoadDriver */ \
+	{0xbe9990b9,	(134)},	/* ZwConnectPort */ \
+	{0xc0040fd0,	(90)},	/* ZwSetTimer */ \
+	{0xc00fc05c,	(240)},	/* ZwRaiseHardError */ \
+	{0xc4bd0fda,	(99)},	/* ZwCreateSemaphore */ \
+	{0xc524def2,	(148)},	/* ZwImpersonateClientOfPort */ \
+	{0xc6a277e0,	(236)},	/* ZwFindAtom */ \
+	{0xc6de9ce3,	(139)},	/* ZwRequestPort */ \
+	{0xc707f028,	(27)},	/* ZwFlushVirtualMemory */ \
+	{0xc70d789c,	(69)},	/* ZwCreateJobObject */ \
+	{0xc71b989a,	(78)},	/* ZwDuplicateToken */ \
+	{0xc7835b75,	(195)},	/* ZwEnumerateKey */ \
+	{0xc7d8afa4,	(85)},	/* ZwSignalAndWaitForSingleObject */ \
+	{0xc94ea8a6,	(81)},	/* ZwAdjustGroupsToken */ \
+	{0xc9f42a5d,	(235)},	/* ZwAddAtom */ \
+	{0xca250552,	(210)},	/* ZwAccessCheckByTypeResultList */ \
+	{0xcaf1f803,	(152)},	/* ZwUnloadDriver */ \
+	{0xcb3c8251,	(223)},	/* ZwPlugPlayControl */ \
+	{0xcc22b021,	(113)},	/* ZwOpenEventPair */ \
+	{0xcdb98ed4,	(59)},	/* ZwTerminateProcess */ \
+	{0xced9d11d,	(123)},	/* ZwSetTimerResolution */ \
+	{0xd4191071,	(127)},	/* ZwCreateProfile */ \
+	{0xd48a2bbc,	(40)},	/* ZwCreateThread */ \
+	{0xd517401d,	(54)},	/* ZwImpersonateThread */ \
+	{0xd5a16cee,	(51)},	/* ZwAlertThread */ \
+	{0xd628c8f6,	(228)},	/* ZwSetDefaultLocale */ \
+	{0xd7fef93d,	(201)},	/* ZwEnumerateValueKey */ \
+	{0xda57df71,	(247)},	/* LdrUnloadDll */ \
+	{0xdaa7575e,	(215)},	/* ZwAccessCheckByTypeResultListAndAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0xde07d08f,	(224)},	/* ZwGetPlugPlayEvent */ \
+	{0xde5468ed,	(202)},	/* ZwQueryMultipleValueKey */ \
+	{0xdf8698ed,	(13)},	/* ZwQuerySystemInformation */ \
+	{0xdf86b31f,	(6)},	/* ZwSetSecurityObject */ \
+	{0xe0c1d02e,	(55)},	/* ZwImpersonateAnonymousToken */ \
+	{0xe1562f17,	(3)},	/* ZwMakeTemporaryObject */ \
+	{0xe19be90e,	(33)},	/* ZwCreateSection */ \
+	{0xe23ef886,	(161)},	/* ZwReadFileScatter */ \
+	{0xe2ff4b82,	(188)},	/* ZwLoadKey */ \
+	{0xe3521fd4,	(101)},	/* ZwReleaseSemaphore */ \
+	{0xe3624a9b,	(212)},	/* ZwCloseObjectAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0xe3ae76c7,	(132)},	/* ZwCreatePort */ \
+	{0xe43a3a6f,	(147)},	/* ZwQueryInformationPort */ \
+	{0xe624ac47,	(12)},	/* ZwQuerySymbolicLinkObject */ \
+	{0xe6a6cc2d,	(208)},	/* ZwAccessCheckAndAuditAlarm */ \
+	{0xe8d1aec4,	(105)},	/* ZwReleaseMutant */ \
+	{0xeb69e74d,	(62)},	/* ZwFlushInstructionCache */ \
+	{0xed4a67c1,	(28)},	/* ZwAllocateUserPhysicalPages */ \
+	{0xed5deedd,	(107)},	/* ZwCreateIoCompletion */ \
+	{0xedac7230,	(203)},	/* ZwInitializeRegistry */ \
+	{0xee535edc,	(35)},	/* ZwQuerySection */ \
+	{0xee5cdc2d,	(82)},	/* ZwQueryInformationToken */ \
+	{0xf3d1faa7,	(125)},	/* ZwDelayExecution */ \
+	{0xf425639c,	(104)},	/* ZwOpenMutant */ \
+	{0xfde47817,	(94)},	/* ZwSetEvent */ \
+
+#define __NT_IMPORTED_SYMBOLS_ARRAY_SIZE	250
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_impl.h b/src/internal/ntapi_impl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b60fc66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_impl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#ifndef ___NTAPI_IMPL_H_
+#define ___NTAPI_IMPL_H_
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sysinfo.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_hash_table.h"
+#include "ntapi_context.h"
+#include "ntapi_fnapi.h"
+
+#define __NT_BASED_NAMED_OBJECTS	{'\\','B','a','s','e', \
+					'N','a','m','e','d', \
+					'O','b','j','e','c','t','s'}
+
+/* helper macros */
+#define __NT_ROUND_UP_TO_POWER_OF_2(x,y)(x + (y-1)) & ~(y-1)
+#define __NT_IS_MISALIGNED_BUFFER(x)	((!(uintptr_t)x) || ((uintptr_t)x % sizeof(size_t)))
+#define __NT_IS_MISALIGNED_LENGTH(x)	(x % sizeof(size_t))
+#define __NT_FILE_SYNC_IO		(NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_ALERT|NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_NONALERT)
+
+/* user-defined options: head */
+#ifndef __NT_TTY_MONITORS
+#define __NT_TTY_MONITORS		0x10
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __NT_FORK_CHILD_WAIT_MILLISEC
+#define __NT_FORK_CHILD_WAIT_MILLISEC	60000
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __NT_SYNC_BLOCK_LOCK_TRIES
+#define __NT_SYNC_BLOCK_LOCK_TRIES	1024
+#endif
+/* user-defined options: tail */
+
+/* internal page size */
+#ifndef __NT_INTERNAL_PAGE_SIZE
+#define __NT_INTERNAL_PAGE_SIZE		4096
+#endif
+
+/* .bss section */
+#ifndef __NT_BSS_RESERVED_PAGES
+#define __NT_BSS_RESERVED_PAGES		8
+#endif
+
+/* runtime buffers */
+#define __NT_BSS_ARGV_BUFFER_SIZE	__NT_INTERNAL_PAGE_SIZE * 2
+
+#define __NT_BSS_ARGV_MAX_IDX		__NT_BSS_ARGV_BUFFER_SIZE \
+					/ sizeof(uintptr_t)
+
+#define __NT_BSS_ARGS_BUFFER_SIZE	__NT_INTERNAL_PAGE_SIZE \
+					* __NT_BSS_RESERVED_PAGES \
+					- __NT_BSS_ARGV_BUFFER_SIZE
+
+/* ntapi .bss section structure */
+typedef struct ___ntapi_img_sec_bss {
+	wchar16_t *	argv_envp_array[__NT_BSS_ARGV_MAX_IDX];
+	char		args_envs_buffer[__NT_BSS_ARGS_BUFFER_SIZE];
+} __ntapi_img_sec_bss;
+
+
+/* ntapi library internals */
+typedef struct __attr_ptr_size_aligned__ _ntapi_internals {
+	nt_runtime_data *				rtdata;
+	nt_port_name *					subsystem;
+	void *						hport_tty_session;
+	void *						hport_tty_daemon;
+	void *						hport_tty_debug;
+	void *						hport_tty_monitor[__NT_TTY_MONITORS];
+	size_t						nt_mem_page_size;
+	size_t						nt_mem_allocation_granularity;
+	size_t						ntapi_internals_alloc_size;
+	void **						csr_port_handle_addr;
+	void *						hdev_mount_point_mgr;
+	void *						hany[8];
+	intptr_t					hlock;
+	uintptr_t					v1_pipe_counter;
+	ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic *	tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic;
+	__ntapi_img_sec_bss *				ntapi_img_sec_bss;
+} ntapi_internals;
+
+
+/* __ntapi_img_sec_data */
+typedef struct __attr_ptr_size_aligned__ ___ntapi_img_sec_rdata {
+	ntapi_hashed_symbol	__ntapi_import_table[__NT_IMPORTED_SYMBOLS_ARRAY_SIZE];
+	ntapi_vtbl * 		__ntapi;
+	nt_port_name		__session_name;
+	ntapi_internals *	__internals;
+} __ntapi_img_sec_rdata;
+
+union __ntapi_img_rdata {
+	__ntapi_img_sec_rdata	img_sec_data;
+	char			buffer[__NT_INTERNAL_PAGE_SIZE];
+};
+
+
+/* accessor table */
+extern	ntapi_vtbl	___ntapi;
+extern	ntapi_vtbl	___ntapi_shadow;
+#define	__ntapi		(&___ntapi)
+
+
+/* access to library internals */
+ntapi_internals * __cdecl __ntapi_internals(void);
+
+
+/* debug */
+#define __ntidx(x) (&(((ntapi_vtbl *)0)->x)) / sizeof(size_t)
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_lib_entry_point.c b/src/internal/ntapi_lib_entry_point.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b857c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_lib_entry_point.c
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+
+int __stdcall __ntapi_entry(void * hinstance, uint32_t reason, void * reserved)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/src/internal/ntapi_pty.h b/src/internal/ntapi_pty.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff85b3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/internal/ntapi_pty.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#ifndef ___NTAPI_PTY_H_
+#define ___NTAPI_PTY_H_
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_guid.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+
+#define __PTY_READ	0
+#define __PTY_WRITE	1
+
+typedef struct nt_pty_context {
+	nt_sync_block	sync[2];
+	void *		addr;
+	size_t		size;
+	void *		hport;
+	void *		hpty;
+	void *		section;
+	void *		section_addr;
+	size_t		section_size;
+	nt_guid		guid;
+	nt_luid		luid;
+	uint32_t	access;
+	uint32_t	flags;
+	uint32_t	share;
+	uint32_t	options;
+	nt_iosb		iosb;
+} nt_pty;
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/ipc/ntapi_tt_create_pipe_v1.c b/src/ipc/ntapi_tt_create_pipe_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3185fbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ipc/ntapi_tt_create_pipe_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+typedef struct __attr_ptr_size_aligned__ _nt_tty_pipe_name {
+	wchar16_t	pipe_dir[8];
+	wchar16_t	back_slash;
+	wchar16_t	key_1st[8];
+	wchar16_t	uscore_1st;
+	wchar16_t	key_2nd[8];
+	wchar16_t	uscore_2nd;
+	wchar16_t	key_3rd[8];
+	wchar16_t	uscore_3rd;
+	wchar16_t	key_4th[8];
+	wchar16_t	uscore_4th;
+	wchar16_t	key_5th[8];
+	wchar16_t	uscore_5th;
+	wchar16_t	key_6th[8];
+	wchar16_t	null_termination;
+} nt_tty_pipe_name;
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_ipc_create_pipe_v1(
+	__out		void **			hpipe_read,
+	__out		void **			hpipe_write,
+	__in		uint32_t		advisory_buffer_size	__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	void *				hread;
+	void *				hwrite;
+
+	nt_object_attributes		oa;
+	nt_io_status_block		iosb;
+	nt_unicode_string		nt_name;
+	nt_security_quality_of_service	sqos;
+	nt_large_integer		timeout;
+	intptr_t *			counter;
+
+	nt_tty_pipe_name pipe_name =  {
+		{'\\','?','?','\\','p','i','p','e'},
+		'\\',
+		{0},'_',
+		{0},'_',
+		{0},'_',
+		{0},'_',
+		{0},'_',
+		{0},
+		0
+	};
+
+	/* pipe_count  */
+	counter = (intptr_t *)&__ntapi_internals()->v1_pipe_counter;
+	at_locked_inc(counter);
+
+	/* get system time */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_system_time(&timeout);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* pipe name (no anonymous pipe prior to vista) */
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(	pe_get_current_process_id(),pipe_name.key_1st);
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(	pe_get_current_thread_id(),pipe_name.key_2nd);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(	timeout.ihigh + (uint32_t)*counter,pipe_name.key_3rd);
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(timeout.ulow + (uint32_t)*counter,pipe_name.key_4th);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		__ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,(char *)&pipe_name,sizeof(pipe_name)),
+		pipe_name.key_5th);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		__ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,(char *)&pipe_name,sizeof(pipe_name)),
+		pipe_name.key_6th);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		__ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,(char *)&pipe_name,sizeof(pipe_name)),
+		pipe_name.key_1st);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		__ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,(char *)&pipe_name,sizeof(pipe_name)),
+		pipe_name.key_2nd);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		__ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,(char *)&pipe_name,sizeof(pipe_name)),
+		pipe_name.key_3rd);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		__ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,(char *)&pipe_name,sizeof(pipe_name)),
+		pipe_name.key_4th);
+
+	/* nt_name */
+	nt_name.strlen = (uint16_t)(sizeof(pipe_name) - sizeof(wchar16_t));
+	nt_name.maxlen = (uint16_t)(sizeof(pipe_name));
+	nt_name.buffer = (uint16_t *)&pipe_name;
+
+	/* init security structure */
+	sqos.length 			= sizeof(sqos);
+	sqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+	sqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+	sqos.effective_only		= 1;
+
+	/* oa */
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &nt_name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0x0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	timeout.ihigh = 0xffffffff;
+	timeout.ulow  = 0x0;
+
+	/* the reading end */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_create_named_pipe_file(
+		&hread,
+		NT_GENERIC_READ | NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		NT_FILE_CREATE,
+		NT_FILE_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO,
+		0,
+		0,
+		0,
+		1,
+		0x2000,
+		0x2000,
+		&timeout);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	/* the writing end(s) */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+		&hwrite,
+		NT_GENERIC_WRITE | NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		NT_FILE_WRITE_THROUGH | NT_FILE_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO | NT_FILE_NON_DIRECTORY_FILE);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		__ntapi->zw_close(hread);
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	*hpipe_read  = hread;
+	*hpipe_write = hwrite;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/ipc/ntapi_tt_create_pipe_v2.c b/src/ipc/ntapi_tt_create_pipe_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1f4b4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ipc/ntapi_tt_create_pipe_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_ipc_create_pipe_v2(
+	__out		void **			hpipe_read,
+	__out		void **			hpipe_write,
+	__in		uint32_t		advisory_buffer_size	__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	void *			hdevpipes;
+	void *			hwrite;
+	void *			hread;
+
+	nt_object_attributes	oa;
+	nt_io_status_block	iosb;
+	nt_sqos			sqos;
+	nt_unicode_string	nt_name;
+	nt_large_integer	timeout;
+
+	const wchar16_t pipe_dir[] =  {
+		'\\','D','e','v','i','c','e',
+		'\\','N','a','m','e','d','P','i','p','e','\\',0
+	};
+
+	/* nt_name: pipe device directory */
+	nt_name.strlen = (uint16_t)(sizeof(pipe_dir) - sizeof(wchar16_t));
+	nt_name.maxlen = 0;
+	nt_name.buffer = (uint16_t *)pipe_dir;
+
+	/* init security structure */
+	sqos.length 			= sizeof(sqos);
+	sqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+	sqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+	sqos.effective_only		= 1;
+
+	/* oa */
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &nt_name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= NT_OBJ_CASE_INSENSITIVE | NT_OBJ_INHERIT;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+		&hdevpipes,
+		NT_GENERIC_READ | NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		NT_FILE_DIRECTORY_FILE);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	timeout.ihigh = 0xffffffff;
+	timeout.ulow  = 0x0;
+
+	oa.root_dir = hdevpipes;
+
+	nt_name.strlen=0;
+	nt_name.buffer = (uint16_t *)0;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_create_named_pipe_file(
+		&hread,
+		NT_GENERIC_READ | NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		NT_FILE_CREATE,
+		NT_FILE_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO,
+		0,
+		0,
+		0,
+		1,
+		0X2000,
+		0x2000,
+		&timeout);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		__ntapi->zw_close(hdevpipes);
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	/* the pipe is now our root directory */
+	oa.root_dir = hread;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+		&hwrite,
+		NT_GENERIC_WRITE | NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		NT_FILE_WRITE_THROUGH | NT_FILE_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO | NT_FILE_NON_DIRECTORY_FILE);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		__ntapi->zw_close(hdevpipes);
+		__ntapi->zw_close(hread);
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	*hpipe_read  = hread;
+	*hpipe_write = hwrite;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_create_state_snapshot.c b/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_create_state_snapshot.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74a916c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_create_state_snapshot.c
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <dalist/dalist.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+
+struct callback_ctx {
+	struct dalist_ex *	ldr_state_snapshot;
+	int32_t			status;
+};
+
+static int __cdecl __add_module_base_address_to_list(
+	struct pe_ldr_tbl_entry *	ldr_tbl_entry,
+	enum pe_callback_reason		int_callback_reason,
+	void *				context)
+{
+	struct dalist_node *	node;
+	struct callback_ctx *	ctx;
+
+	ctx = (struct callback_ctx *)context;
+
+	if (int_callback_reason == PE_CALLBACK_REASON_ERROR) {
+		ctx->status = NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+		return ctx->status;
+	} else if (int_callback_reason != PE_CALLBACK_REASON_ITEM) {
+		ctx->status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		return 1;
+	} else if (!ldr_tbl_entry->dll_base) {
+		ctx->status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	ctx->status = dalist_get_node_by_key(
+		ctx->ldr_state_snapshot,
+		(struct dalist_node_ex **)&node,
+		(uintptr_t)ldr_tbl_entry->dll_base,
+		DALIST_NODE_TYPE_NEW,
+		0);
+
+	if (ctx->status != DALIST_OK)
+		return -1;
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
+
+
+int __cdecl __ntapi_ldr_create_state_snapshot(
+	__out	struct dalist_ex * ldr_state_snapshot)
+{
+	struct callback_ctx ctx;
+
+	if (!ldr_state_snapshot->free && !ldr_state_snapshot->memfn_ptr)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+	else if (ldr_state_snapshot->info.list_nodes)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_USER_BUFFER;
+
+	ctx.ldr_state_snapshot = ldr_state_snapshot;
+
+	pe_enum_modules_in_load_order(
+		__add_module_base_address_to_list,
+		&ctx);
+
+	return ctx.status;
+}
diff --git a/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_load_system_dll.c b/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_load_system_dll.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d417590
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_load_system_dll.c
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_ldr.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_ldr_load_system_dll(
+	__in	void *			hsysdir		__optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		base_name,
+	__in	uint32_t		base_name_size,
+	__in	uint32_t *		image_flags	__optional,
+	__out	void **			image_base)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_unicode_string	nt_image_name;
+	uintptr_t		buffer[0x80];
+
+	/* stack buffer */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
+
+	status = __ntapi->tt_get_system_directory_dos_path(
+		hsysdir,
+		(wchar16_t *)buffer,
+		sizeof(buffer),
+		base_name,
+		base_name_size,
+		&nt_image_name);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi->ldr_load_dll(
+		0,
+		0,
+		&nt_image_name,
+		image_base);
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot.c b/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ca5087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ldr/ntapi_ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot.c
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <dalist/dalist.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+struct callback_ctx {
+	struct dalist_ex *		ldr_state_snapshot;
+	struct pe_ldr_tbl_entry *	ldr_tbl_entry;
+	void *				image_base;
+	uint32_t			load_count;
+	int32_t				status;
+};
+
+static int __cdecl __find_next_module_to_unload(
+	struct pe_ldr_tbl_entry *	ldr_tbl_entry,
+	enum pe_callback_reason		int_callback_reason,
+	void *				context)
+{
+	struct dalist_node *	node;
+	struct callback_ctx *	ctx;
+
+	ctx = (struct callback_ctx *)context;
+
+	if (int_callback_reason == PE_CALLBACK_REASON_ERROR) {
+		ctx->status = NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+		return ctx->status;
+	} else if (int_callback_reason != PE_CALLBACK_REASON_ITEM) {
+		ctx->status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		return 1;
+	} else if (!ldr_tbl_entry->dll_base) {
+		ctx->status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+
+	ctx->status = dalist_get_node_by_key(
+		ctx->ldr_state_snapshot,
+		(struct dalist_node_ex **)&node,
+		(uintptr_t)ldr_tbl_entry->dll_base,
+		DALIST_NODE_TYPE_EXISTING,
+		0);
+
+	if (ctx->status != DALIST_OK)
+		return -1;
+	else if (node)
+		return 1;
+	else if (!ctx->image_base || (ldr_tbl_entry->load_count < ctx->load_count)) {
+			ctx->image_base = ldr_tbl_entry->dll_base;
+			ctx->load_count = ldr_tbl_entry->load_count;
+			ctx->ldr_tbl_entry = ldr_tbl_entry;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+
+int __cdecl __ntapi_ldr_revert_state_to_snapshot(
+	__in	struct dalist_ex * ldr_state_snapshot)
+{
+	struct callback_ctx	ctx;
+	uint32_t		i;
+
+	if (!ldr_state_snapshot->free && !ldr_state_snapshot->memfn_ptr)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	ctx.ldr_state_snapshot = ldr_state_snapshot;
+	ctx.image_base = (void *)0;
+	ctx.load_count = 0;
+
+	pe_enum_modules_in_load_order(
+		__find_next_module_to_unload,
+		&ctx);
+
+	while ((ctx.image_base) && (ctx.status == NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)) {
+			if (ctx.load_count == 0xffff) {
+				ctx.load_count = 1;
+				ctx.ldr_tbl_entry->load_count = 1;
+				ctx.ldr_tbl_entry->entry_point = (void *)0;
+				ctx.ldr_tbl_entry->flags = 0;
+			}
+
+			for (i=0; i<ctx.load_count; i++)
+				__ntapi->ldr_unload_dll(ctx.image_base);
+
+			__ntapi->zw_unmap_view_of_section(
+				NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+				ctx.image_base);
+		ctx.image_base = (void *)0;
+		ctx.load_count = 0;
+
+		pe_enum_modules_in_load_order(
+			__find_next_module_to_unload,
+			&ctx);
+	}
+
+	return ctx.status;
+}
diff --git a/src/object/ntapi_tt_keyed_object_directory.c b/src/object/ntapi_tt_keyed_object_directory.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f2da40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/object/ntapi_tt_keyed_object_directory.c
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_guid.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef ntapi_zw_open_directory_object objdir_open_fn;
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __tt_create_keyed_object_directory(
+	__out	void **			hdir,
+	__in	uint32_t		desired_access,
+	__in	const wchar16_t		prefix[6],
+	__in	nt_guid *		guid,
+	__in	uint32_t		key,
+	__in	objdir_open_fn *	openfn)
+{
+	nt_keyed_objdir_name	objdir_name = {__NT_BASED_NAMED_OBJECTS};
+	nt_unicode_string	name;
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_sqos			sqos = {
+					sizeof(sqos),
+					NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION,
+					NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC,
+					1};
+
+	__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+		objdir_name.prefix,
+		prefix,
+		sizeof(objdir_name.prefix));
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_to_utf16_string(
+		guid,
+		(nt_guid_str_utf16 *)&objdir_name.objdir_guid);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,objdir_name.key);
+
+	objdir_name.backslash = '\\';
+	objdir_name.objdir_guid.uscore_guid = '_';
+	objdir_name.objdir_guid.uscore_key  = '_';
+
+	name.strlen	= sizeof(objdir_name);
+	name.maxlen	= 0;
+	name.buffer	= (uint16_t *)&objdir_name;
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= 0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= NT_OBJ_INHERIT;
+	oa.sec_desc	= 0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	return openfn(hdir,desired_access,&oa);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory_entry(
+	__out	void **			hentry,
+	__in	uint32_t		desired_access,
+	__in	void *			hdir,
+	__in	void *			htarget,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *	target_name,
+	__in	uint32_t		key)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_unicode_string	name;
+	wchar16_t		keystr[8];
+	uintptr_t		buffer[2048/sizeof(uintptr_t)];
+	nt_sqos			sqos = {
+					sizeof(sqos),
+					NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION,
+					NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC,
+					1};
+
+	if (!target_name) {
+		if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_object(
+				htarget,
+				NT_OBJECT_NAME_INFORMATION,
+				buffer,sizeof(buffer),0)))
+			return status;
+		target_name = (nt_unicode_string *)buffer;
+	}
+
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(key,keystr);
+
+	name.strlen = sizeof(keystr);
+	name.maxlen = 0;
+	name.buffer = keystr;
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= hdir;
+	oa.obj_name	= &name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= 0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	return __ntapi->zw_create_symbolic_link_object(
+		hentry,
+		desired_access,
+		&oa,target_name);
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_keyed_object_directory(
+	__out	void **			hdir,
+	__in	uint32_t		desired_access,
+	__in	const wchar16_t		prefix[6],
+	__in	nt_guid *		guid,
+	__in	uint32_t		key)
+{
+	return __tt_create_keyed_object_directory(
+		hdir,desired_access,
+		prefix,guid,key,
+		__ntapi->zw_create_directory_object);
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_open_keyed_object_directory(
+	__out	void **			hdir,
+	__in	uint32_t		desired_access,
+	__in	const wchar16_t		prefix[6],
+	__in	nt_guid *		guid,
+	__in	uint32_t		key)
+{
+	return __tt_create_keyed_object_directory(
+		hdir,desired_access,
+		prefix,guid,key,
+		__ntapi->zw_open_directory_object);
+}
diff --git a/src/port/ntapi_port_name_helper.c b/src/port/ntapi_port_name_helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3084cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/port/ntapi_port_name_helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_guid.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef wchar16_t __port_service_prefix[6];
+
+static const __port_service_prefix	__port_service_null = {0};
+static const __port_service_prefix	__port_service_prefixes[4][NT_PORT_TYPE_CAP][NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_CAP] = {
+					{{{'s','v','c','a','n','y'}}},
+					{{{'n','t','c','t','t','y'}}},
+					{{{'v','m','o','u','n','t'}}},
+					{{{'d','a','e','m','o','n'}}}};
+
+static const nt_guid		__port_guids[NT_PORT_TYPE_CAP][NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_CAP] = {
+					{NT_PORT_GUID_DEFAULT},
+					{NT_PORT_GUID_SUBSYSTEM},
+					{NT_PORT_GUID_VMOUNT},
+					{NT_PORT_GUID_DAEMON}};
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_port_guid_from_type(
+	__out	nt_guid *		guid,
+	__in	nt_port_type		type,
+	__in	nt_port_subtype		subtype)
+{
+	const nt_guid *	src_guid;
+
+	if ((type >= NT_PORT_TYPE_CAP) || (subtype >= NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_CAP))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	src_guid = &(__port_guids[type][subtype]);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)guid,
+		(uintptr_t *)src_guid,
+		sizeof(nt_guid));
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_port_type_from_guid(
+	__out	nt_port_type *		type,
+	__out	nt_port_subtype *	subtype,
+	__in	nt_guid *		guid)
+{
+	int		itype;
+	int		isubtype;
+	const nt_guid *	src_guid;
+	uint32_t	guid_hash;
+	uint32_t	src_hash;
+
+	guid_hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,guid,sizeof(nt_guid));
+
+	for (itype=0; itype<NT_PORT_TYPE_CAP; itype++) {
+		for (isubtype=0; isubtype<NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_CAP; isubtype++) {
+			src_guid = &(__port_guids[itype][isubtype]);
+			src_hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(0,src_guid,sizeof(nt_guid));
+
+			if (guid_hash == src_hash) {
+				*type	 = (nt_port_type)itype;
+				*subtype = (nt_port_subtype)isubtype;
+
+				return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_port_generate_keys(
+	__out	nt_port_keys *		keys)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_large_integer	systime;
+	nt_luid			luid;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_system_time(&systime);
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_locally_unique_id(&luid);
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	keys->key[0] = pe_get_current_process_id();
+	keys->key[1] = pe_get_current_thread_id();
+	keys->key[2] = systime.ihigh;
+	keys->key[3] = systime.ulow;
+	keys->key[4] = luid.high;
+	keys->key[5] = luid.low;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+void __stdcall	__ntapi_tt_port_format_keys(
+	__in	nt_port_keys *		keys,
+	__out	nt_port_name_keys *	name_keys)
+{
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(keys->key[0],name_keys->key_1st);
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(keys->key[1],name_keys->key_2nd);
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(keys->key[2],name_keys->key_3rd);
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(keys->key[3],name_keys->key_4th);
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(keys->key[4],name_keys->key_5th);
+	__ntapi->tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(keys->key[5],name_keys->key_6th);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+
+void __stdcall __ntapi_tt_port_name_from_attributes(
+	__out	nt_port_name *		name,
+	__in	nt_port_attr *		attr)
+{
+	wchar16_t bno[] = __NT_BASED_NAMED_OBJECTS;
+
+	/* base named objects */
+	__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+		name->base_named_objects,
+		bno,sizeof(bno));
+
+	/* service prefix */
+	if (attr && (attr->type < NT_PORT_TYPE_CAP) && (attr->subtype < NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_CAP))
+		__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+			name->svc_prefix,
+			&(__port_service_prefixes[attr->type][attr->subtype][0][0]),
+			sizeof(name->svc_prefix));
+	else
+		__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+			name->svc_prefix,
+			__port_service_null,
+			sizeof(name->svc_prefix));
+
+	/* port guid */
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_to_utf16_string(
+		&attr->guid,
+		(nt_guid_str_utf16 *)&name->port_guid);
+
+	/* port name keys */
+	__ntapi_tt_port_format_keys(
+		&attr->keys,
+		&name->port_name_keys);
+
+	/* backslash and underscores */
+	name->backslash = '\\';
+	name->port_guid.uscore_guid = '_';
+	name->port_guid.uscore_keys = '_';
+	name->port_name_keys.uscore_1st  = '_';
+	name->port_name_keys.uscore_2nd  = '_';
+	name->port_name_keys.uscore_3rd  = '_';
+	name->port_name_keys.uscore_4th  = '_';
+	name->port_name_keys.uscore_5th  = '_';
+
+	/* null termination */
+	name->null_termination = 0;
+
+	return;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/nt32/tt_fork_v1.s b/src/process/nt32/tt_fork_v1.s
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e2f01d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/nt32/tt_fork_v1.s
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+##########################################################
+##  ntapi: Native API core library                      ##
+##  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             ##
+##  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  ##
+##########################################################
+
+.section .text
+
+.global ___tt_fork
+.global ___tt_fork_child_entry_point
+.global @__tt_fork_child_entry_point@4
+.global ___tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj
+.global @__tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj@4
+
+___tt_fork:
+___tt_fork_prolog:
+	push	%ebp
+	mov	%esp, %ebp
+
+___tt_fork_save_regs:
+	push	%ecx
+	push	%edx
+	push	%ebx
+	push	%esi
+	push	%edi
+
+___tt_fork_impl_call:
+	mov	%esp, %ecx
+	mov	$0,   %edx
+	call @__tt_fork_impl@8
+
+___tt_fork_restore_regs:
+	pop	%edi
+	pop	%esi
+	pop	%ebx
+	pop	%edx
+	pop	%ecx
+
+___tt_fork_epilog:
+	mov	%ebp, %esp
+	pop	%ebp
+	ret
+
+___tt_fork_child_entry_point:
+@__tt_fork_child_entry_point@4:
+___tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj:
+@__tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj@4:
+	xor	%eax, %eax
+	mov	%ecx, %esp
+
+___tt_fork_child_restore_regs:
+	pop	%edi
+	pop	%esi
+	pop	%ebx
+	pop	%edx
+	pop	%ecx
+
+___tt_fork_child_epilog:
+	pop	%ebp
+	ret
diff --git a/src/process/nt32/tt_fork_v1_i386.c b/src/process/nt32/tt_fork_v1_i386.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34b813e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/nt32/tt_fork_v1_i386.c
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+
+#if (__COMPILER__ == __MSVC__) && defined(__X86_MODEL)
+
+intptr_t __fastcall __tt_fork_impl(
+	__in	uintptr_t	saved_regs_stack_pointer,
+	__in	uintptr_t	stack_adjustment);
+
+int32_t __declspec(naked) __cdecl __tt_fork(void)
+{
+	__asm {
+		push	ebp
+		mov	ebp, esp
+
+		push	ecx
+		push	edx
+		push	ebx
+		push	esi
+		push	edi
+
+		mov	ecx, esp
+		call	__tt_fork_impl
+
+		pop	edi
+		pop	esi
+		pop	ebx
+		pop	edx
+		pop	ecx
+
+		mov	esp, ebp
+		pop	ebp
+		ret
+	};
+}
+
+void __declspec(naked) __fastcall __tt_fork_child_entry_point(uintptr_t esp_saved)
+{
+	__asm {
+		xor	eax, eax
+		mov	esp, ecx
+
+		pop	edi
+		pop	esi
+		pop	ebx
+		pop	edx
+		pop	ecx
+
+		pop	ebp
+		ret
+	};
+}
+
+void __declspec(naked) __fastcall __tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj(uintptr_t esp_saved)
+{
+	__asm {
+		jmp	__tt_fork_child_entry_point
+	};
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v1.s b/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v1.s
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f09463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v1.s
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+##########################################################
+##  ntapi: Native API core library                      ##
+##  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             ##
+##  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  ##
+##########################################################
+
+.section .text
+
+.global __tt_fork_v1
+.global __tt_fork_child_entry_point
+.global __tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj
+
+__tt_fork_v1:
+__tt_fork_save_regs:
+	push	%rbp
+	push	%rcx
+	push	%rdx
+	push	%rbx
+	push	%rsi
+	push	%rdi
+	push	%r8
+	push	%r9
+	push	%r10
+	push	%r11
+	push	%r12
+	push	%r13
+	push	%r14
+	push	%r15
+
+	sub 0x40,%rsp
+
+	mov	%rsp, %rdx
+	and     $0xf, %rdx
+	test	%rdx, %rdx
+	jne	__tt_fork_impl_adj_call
+
+__tt_fork_impl_call:
+	mov	%rsp, %rcx
+	call __tt_fork_impl_v1
+
+	add 0x40,%rsp
+
+	pop	%r15
+	pop	%r14
+	pop	%r13
+	pop	%r12
+	pop	%r11
+	pop	%r10
+	pop	%r9
+	pop	%r8
+	pop	%rdi
+	pop	%rsi
+	pop	%rbx
+	pop	%rdx
+	pop	%rcx
+	pop	%rbp
+
+	ret
+
+__tt_fork_impl_adj_call:
+	push %rdi
+
+	mov	%rsp, %rcx
+	call __tt_fork_impl_v1
+
+	pop	%rdi
+
+	add 0x40,%rsp
+
+	pop	%r15
+	pop	%r14
+	pop	%r13
+	pop	%r12
+	pop	%r11
+	pop	%r10
+	pop	%r9
+	pop	%r8
+	pop	%rdi
+	pop	%rsi
+	pop	%rbx
+	pop	%rdx
+	pop	%rcx
+	pop	%rbp
+
+	ret
+
+
+__tt_fork_child_entry_point:
+	xor	%rax, %rax
+	mov	%rcx, %rsp
+
+	add 0x40,%rsp
+
+	pop	%r15
+	pop	%r14
+	pop	%r13
+	pop	%r12
+	pop	%r11
+	pop	%r10
+	pop	%r9
+	pop	%r8
+	pop	%rdi
+	pop	%rsi
+	pop	%rbx
+	pop	%rdx
+	pop	%rcx
+	pop	%rbp
+
+	ret
+
+__tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj:
+	xor	%rax, %rax
+	mov	%rcx, %rsp
+
+	pop	%rdi
+
+	add 0x40,%rsp
+
+	pop	%r15
+	pop	%r14
+	pop	%r13
+	pop	%r12
+	pop	%r11
+	pop	%r10
+	pop	%r9
+	pop	%r8
+	pop	%rdi
+	pop	%rsi
+	pop	%rbx
+	pop	%rdx
+	pop	%rcx
+	pop	%rbp
+
+	ret
diff --git a/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v1_x86_64.asm b/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v1_x86_64.asm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f79131e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v1_x86_64.asm
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+TITLE tt_fork_x86_64
+
+.data
+__tt_fork_impl_v1 PROTO C
+
+.code
+__tt_fork_v1 PROC
+	push	rbp
+	push	rcx
+	push	rdx
+	push	rbx
+	push	rsi
+	push	rdi
+	push	r8
+	push	r9
+	push	r10
+	push	r11
+	push	r12
+	push	r13
+	push	r14
+	push	r15
+
+	sub rsp, 40h
+
+	mov  rdx, rsp
+	and  rdx, 15
+	test rdx, rdx
+	jne	__tt_fork_impl_adj_call
+
+	mov	rcx, rsp
+	call __tt_fork_impl_v1
+
+	add rsp, 40h
+
+	pop	r15
+	pop	r14
+	pop	r13
+	pop	r12
+	pop	r11
+	pop	r10
+	pop	r9
+	pop	r8
+	pop	rdi
+	pop	rsi
+	pop	rbx
+	pop	rdx
+	pop	rcx
+	pop	rbp
+	ret
+__tt_fork_v1 ENDP
+
+__tt_fork_impl_adj_call PROC
+	push rdi
+
+	mov	rcx, rsp
+	mov	rdx, 1
+	call __tt_fork_impl_v1
+
+	pop	rdi
+
+	add rsp, 40h
+
+	pop	r15
+	pop	r14
+	pop	r13
+	pop	r12
+	pop	r11
+	pop	r10
+	pop	r9
+	pop	r8
+	pop	rdi
+	pop	rsi
+	pop	rbx
+	pop	rdx
+	pop	rcx
+	pop	rbp
+	ret
+__tt_fork_impl_adj_call ENDP
+
+
+__tt_fork_child_entry_point PROC
+	xor	rax, rax
+	mov	rsp, rcx
+
+	add rsp, 40h
+
+	pop	r15
+	pop	r14
+	pop	r13
+	pop	r12
+	pop	r11
+	pop	r10
+	pop	r9
+	pop	r8
+	pop	rdi
+	pop	rsi
+	pop	rbx
+	pop	rdx
+	pop	rcx
+	pop	rbp
+	ret
+__tt_fork_child_entry_point ENDP
+
+
+__tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj PROC
+	xor	rax, rax
+	mov	rsp, rcx
+
+	pop	rdi
+
+	add rsp, 40h
+
+	pop	r15
+	pop	r14
+	pop	r13
+	pop	r12
+	pop	r11
+	pop	r10
+	pop	r9
+	pop	r8
+	pop	rdi
+	pop	rsi
+	pop	rbx
+	pop	rdx
+	pop	rcx
+	pop	rbp
+	ret
+__tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj ENDP
+
+END
diff --git a/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v2_x86_64.asm b/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v2_x86_64.asm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc6e353
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/nt64/tt_fork_v2_x86_64.asm
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+TITLE tt_fork_x86_64
+
+.data
+__tt_fork_impl_v2 PROTO C
+
+.code
+__tt_fork_v2 PROC
+	push	rbp
+	push	rcx
+	push	rdx
+	push	rbx
+	push	rsi
+	push	rdi
+	push	r8
+	push	r9
+	push	r10
+	push	r11
+	push	r12
+	push	r13
+	push	r14
+	push	r15
+
+	sub rsp, 40h
+	call __tt_fork_impl_v2
+	add rsp, 40h
+
+	pop	r15
+	pop	r14
+	pop	r13
+	pop	r12
+	pop	r11
+	pop	r10
+	pop	r9
+	pop	r8
+	pop	rdi
+	pop	rsi
+	pop	rbx
+	pop	rdx
+	pop	rcx
+	pop	rbp
+	ret
+__tt_fork_v2 ENDP
+
+END
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v1.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2572cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static int32_t __tt_create_process_cancel(nt_create_process_params * params, void * hsection, int32_t status)
+{
+	if (params->hprocess) {
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_process(params->hprocess,NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+		__ntapi->zw_close(params->hprocess);
+	}
+
+	if (params->hthread)
+		__ntapi->zw_close(params->hthread);
+
+	if (hsection)
+		__ntapi->zw_close(hsection);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v1(nt_create_process_params * params)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	void *				hfile;
+	void *				hsection;
+
+	nt_object_attributes		oa_file;
+	nt_object_attributes		oa_process;
+	nt_object_attributes		oa_thread;
+
+	nt_unicode_string		nt_image;
+	nt_unicode_string		nt_cmd_line;
+	nt_process_parameters *		rprocess_params;
+	nt_thread_params		tparams;
+
+	nt_io_status_block		iosb;
+	nt_section_image_information	sii;
+
+	wchar16_t *			cmd_line_runtime_buffer;
+	size_t				cmd_line_runtime_buffer_size;
+	int				fresume_thread;
+
+	#if defined (__NT32)
+	wchar16_t		runtime_arg[12] = {
+		' ','-','r',' ',
+		'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l'};
+	#elif defined (__NT64)
+	wchar16_t		runtime_arg[20] = {
+		' ','-','r',' ',
+		'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l',
+		'-','r','u','n','t','i','m','e'};
+	#endif
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (params->cmd_line && params->process_params)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+	else if (params->cmd_line && params->rtblock)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+	else if (params->environment && params->process_params)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+
+	/* tparams */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&tparams, 0, sizeof(tparams));
+
+	/* image_name */
+	__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(
+		&nt_image,
+		params->image_name);
+
+	/* oa_process */
+	if (!params->obj_attr_process) {
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			&oa_process,0,sizeof(oa_process));
+
+		oa_process.len = sizeof(oa_process);
+		params->obj_attr_process = &oa_process;
+	}
+
+	/* oa_thread */
+	if (!params->obj_attr_thread) {
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			&oa_thread,0,sizeof(oa_thread));
+
+		oa_thread.len = sizeof(oa_thread);
+		params->obj_attr_thread = &oa_thread;
+	}
+
+	/* legacy tasks */
+        /* init the oa_file structure */
+	oa_file.len		= sizeof(nt_object_attributes);
+	oa_file.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa_file.obj_name	= &nt_image;
+	oa_file.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa_file.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa_file.sec_qos		= (nt_sqos *)0;
+
+	/* open the file */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+			&hfile,
+			NT_FILE_EXECUTE | NT_PROCESS_SYNCHRONIZE,
+			&oa_file,
+			&iosb,
+			NT_FILE_SHARE_READ,
+			NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_NONALERT)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* create the executable section */
+	hsection	 = 0;
+	oa_file.obj_name = 0;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_create_section(
+		&hsection,
+		NT_SECTION_ALL_ACCESS,
+		&oa_file,0,
+		NT_PAGE_EXECUTE,
+		NT_SEC_IMAGE,
+		hfile);
+
+	__ntapi->zw_close(hfile);
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* create the process */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_create_process(
+			&params->hprocess,
+			NT_PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS,
+			&oa_process,
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			1,hsection,0,0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	/* obtain stack/heap and entry point information */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_section(
+			hsection,
+			NT_SECTION_IMAGE_INFORMATION,
+			&sii,sizeof(sii),0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	/* obtain process information */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_process(
+			tparams.hprocess,
+			NT_PROCESS_BASIC_INFORMATION,
+			&params->pbi,sizeof(params->pbi),
+			0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	/* create remote process parameters block */
+	if (!params->process_params) {
+		/* cmd_line */
+		if (!params->cmd_line) {
+			params->cmd_line = params->image_name;
+		}
+
+		__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(
+			&nt_cmd_line,
+			params->cmd_line);
+
+		/* rtblock */
+		if (params->rtblock) {
+			cmd_line_runtime_buffer = (wchar16_t *)0;
+			cmd_line_runtime_buffer_size = nt_cmd_line.maxlen 
+							+ sizeof(runtime_arg);
+
+			if ((status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+					NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+					(void **)&cmd_line_runtime_buffer,
+					0,&cmd_line_runtime_buffer_size,
+					NT_MEM_RESERVE | NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+					NT_PAGE_READWRITE)))
+				return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				(wchar16_t *)cmd_line_runtime_buffer,
+				(wchar16_t *)nt_cmd_line.buffer,
+				nt_cmd_line.strlen);
+
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				(wchar16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(
+					cmd_line_runtime_buffer,
+					nt_cmd_line.strlen),
+				(wchar16_t *)runtime_arg,
+				sizeof(runtime_arg));
+
+			nt_cmd_line.strlen += sizeof(runtime_arg);
+			nt_cmd_line.maxlen += sizeof(runtime_arg);
+			nt_cmd_line.buffer = cmd_line_runtime_buffer;
+		}
+
+		/* environment */
+		if (!params->environment) {
+			params->environment = __ntapi->tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16();
+		}
+	}
+
+	fresume_thread = (params->creation_flags_thread ^ 0x01) & 0x01;
+
+	/* create target thread */
+	tparams.hprocess		= params->hprocess;
+	tparams.start			= (nt_thread_start_routine *)sii.entry_point;
+	tparams.obj_attr		= &oa_thread;
+	tparams.creation_flags		= NT_CREATE_SUSPENDED | NT_CREATE_FIRST_THREAD_OF_PROCESS;
+	tparams.stack_size_commit	= sii.stack_commit;
+	tparams.stack_size_reserve	= sii.stack_reserve;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tt_create_remote_thread(&tparams)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	/* remote process params */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tt_create_remote_process_params(
+			tparams.hprocess,
+			&rprocess_params,
+			&nt_image,
+			(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+			(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+			&nt_cmd_line,
+			params->environment,
+			(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+			(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+			(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+			(nt_unicode_string *)0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	/* update the target process environment block: */
+	/* make process_params point to rparams_block   */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_write_virtual_memory(
+			tparams.hprocess,
+			(char *)((uintptr_t)params->pbi.peb_base_address
+				+ (uintptr_t)&(((nt_peb *)0)->process_params)),
+			(char *)&rprocess_params,
+			sizeof(uintptr_t),0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	/* rtdata */
+	if (params->rtblock && (status = __ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data(tparams.hprocess,params->rtblock)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	if (fresume_thread && (status = __ntapi->zw_resume_thread(tparams.hthread,0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,hsection,status);
+
+	/* all done */
+	params->hthread		= tparams.hthread;
+	params->cid.process_id	= params->pbi.unique_process_id;
+	params->cid.thread_id	= tparams.thread_id;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v2.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49fbaf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static int32_t __tt_create_process_cancel(nt_create_process_params * params, int32_t status)
+{
+	if (params->hprocess) {
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_process(params->hprocess,NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR);
+		__ntapi->zw_close(params->hprocess);
+	}
+
+	if (params->hthread)
+		__ntapi->zw_close(params->hthread);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_native_process_v2(
+	__in_out	nt_create_process_params *	params)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	nt_object_attributes	oa_process;
+	nt_object_attributes	oa_thread;
+
+	nt_unicode_string	nt_image;
+	nt_unicode_string	nt_cmd_line;
+	wchar16_t *		cmd_line_runtime_buffer;
+	size_t			cmd_line_runtime_buffer_size;
+
+	nt_create_process_info	nt_process_info;
+	int			fresume_thread;
+
+	struct {
+		size_t				size_in_bytes;
+		nt_create_process_ext_param	file_info;
+	} ext_params;
+
+	#if defined (__NT32)
+	wchar16_t		runtime_arg[12] = {
+		' ','-','r',' ',
+		'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l'};
+	#elif defined (__NT64)
+	wchar16_t		runtime_arg[20] = {
+		' ','-','r',' ',
+		'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l',
+		'-','r','u','n','t','i','m','e'};
+	#endif
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (params->cmd_line && params->process_params)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+	else if (params->cmd_line && params->rtblock)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+	else if (params->environment && params->process_params)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+
+	/* image_name */
+	__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(
+		&nt_image,
+		params->image_name);
+
+	/* oa_process */
+	if (!params->obj_attr_process) {
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			&oa_process,0,sizeof(oa_process));
+
+		oa_process.len = sizeof(oa_process);
+		params->obj_attr_process = &oa_process;
+	}
+
+	/* oa_thread */
+	if (!params->obj_attr_thread) {
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			&oa_thread,0,sizeof(oa_thread));
+
+		oa_thread.len = sizeof(oa_thread);
+		params->obj_attr_thread = &oa_thread;
+	}
+
+	/* process_params */
+	if (!params->process_params) {
+		/* cmd_line */
+		if (!params->cmd_line) {
+			params->cmd_line = params->image_name;
+		}
+
+		__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(
+			&nt_cmd_line,
+			params->cmd_line);
+
+		/* rtdata (alternative to cmd_line) */
+		if (params->rtblock) {
+			cmd_line_runtime_buffer = (wchar16_t *)0;
+			cmd_line_runtime_buffer_size = nt_cmd_line.maxlen 
+							+ sizeof(runtime_arg);
+
+			if ((status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+					NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+					(void **)&cmd_line_runtime_buffer,
+					0,&cmd_line_runtime_buffer_size,
+					NT_MEM_RESERVE | NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+					NT_PAGE_READWRITE)))
+				return status;
+
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				(wchar16_t *)cmd_line_runtime_buffer,
+				(wchar16_t *)nt_cmd_line.buffer,
+				nt_cmd_line.strlen);
+
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				(wchar16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(
+					cmd_line_runtime_buffer,
+					nt_cmd_line.strlen),
+				(wchar16_t *)runtime_arg,
+				sizeof(runtime_arg));
+
+			nt_cmd_line.strlen += sizeof(runtime_arg);
+			nt_cmd_line.maxlen += sizeof(runtime_arg);
+			nt_cmd_line.buffer = cmd_line_runtime_buffer;
+		}
+
+
+		/* environment */
+		if (!params->environment)
+			params->environment = __ntapi->tt_get_peb_env_block_utf16();
+
+		if ((status = __ntapi->rtl_create_process_parameters(
+				&params->process_params,
+				&nt_image,
+				(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+				(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+				&nt_cmd_line,
+				params->environment,
+				(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+				(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+				(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+				(nt_unicode_string *)0)))
+			return status;
+
+		__ntapi->rtl_normalize_process_params(params->process_params);
+	}
+
+	/* create_process_info */
+	if (!params->create_process_info) {
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			&nt_process_info,0,sizeof(nt_process_info));
+
+		nt_process_info.size			   = sizeof(nt_create_process_info);
+		nt_process_info.state			   = NT_PROCESS_CREATE_INITIAL_STATE;
+		nt_process_info.init_state.init_flags	   = NT_PROCESS_CREATE_INFO_OBTAIN_OUTPUT;
+		nt_process_info.init_state.file_access_ext = NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES|NT_FILE_READ_ACCESS;
+
+		params->create_process_info = &nt_process_info;
+	}
+
+	/* create_process_ext_params */
+	if (!params->create_process_ext_params) {
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			&ext_params,0,sizeof(ext_params));
+
+		ext_params.size_in_bytes = sizeof(ext_params);
+
+		/* file_info */
+		ext_params.file_info.ext_param_type	= NT_CREATE_PROCESS_EXT_PARAM_SET_FILE_NAME;
+		ext_params.file_info.ext_param_size	= nt_image.strlen;
+		ext_params.file_info.ext_param_addr	= nt_image.buffer;
+
+		params->create_process_ext_params = (nt_create_process_ext_params *)&ext_params;
+	}
+
+	params->hprocess = 0;
+	params->hthread  = 0;
+	fresume_thread   = 0;
+
+	if (params->rtblock) {
+		fresume_thread = (params->creation_flags_thread ^ 0x01) & 0x01;
+		params->creation_flags_thread |= 0x01;
+	}
+
+	if (!params->desired_access_process)
+		params->desired_access_process = NT_PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS;
+
+	if (!params->desired_access_thread)
+		params->desired_access_thread = NT_THREAD_ALL_ACCESS;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_create_user_process(
+			&params->hprocess,
+			&params->hthread,
+			params->desired_access_process,
+			params->desired_access_thread,
+			params->obj_attr_process,
+			params->obj_attr_thread,
+			params->creation_flags_process,
+			params->creation_flags_thread,
+			params->process_params,
+			params->create_process_info,
+			params->create_process_ext_params)))
+		return status;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_process(
+			params->hprocess,
+			NT_PROCESS_BASIC_INFORMATION,
+			&params->pbi,sizeof(params->pbi),
+			0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,status);
+
+	if (!params->rtblock)
+		return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+	/* rtdata */
+	if ((status = __ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data(params->hprocess,params->rtblock)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,status);
+
+	/* conditional resume */
+	if (fresume_thread && (status = __ntapi->zw_resume_thread(params->hthread,0)))
+		return __tt_create_process_cancel(params,status);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_remote_process_params.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_remote_process_params.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ff8711
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_remote_process_params.c
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_remote_process_params(
+	__in	void *				hprocess,
+	__out 	nt_process_parameters **	rprocess_params,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		image_file,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		dll_path		__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		current_directory	__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		command_line		__optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t *			environment 		__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		window_title		__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		desktop_info		__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		shell_info		__optional,
+	__in	nt_unicode_string *		runtime_data		__optional)
+{
+	#define __ALIGN_ALLOC_SIZE \
+		process_params.alloc_size += sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1; \
+		process_params.alloc_size /= sizeof(uintptr_t); \
+		process_params.alloc_size *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	int32_t		status;
+
+	ptrdiff_t	d_image;
+	ptrdiff_t	d_dll_path;
+	ptrdiff_t	d_cwd;
+	ptrdiff_t	d_cmd_line;
+	ptrdiff_t	d_environment;
+	ptrdiff_t	d_runtime;
+	/*
+	ptrdiff_t	d_wnd_title;
+	ptrdiff_t	d_desktop;
+	ptrdiff_t	d_shell;
+	*/
+
+	wchar16_t *	wch;
+	size_t		env_block_size;
+	size_t		params_block_size;
+	size_t		bytes_written;
+
+	nt_process_parameters	process_params;
+	nt_process_parameters *	params_block;
+	nt_process_parameters *	rparams_block;
+	nt_process_parameters *	params_default;
+
+	/* make the compiler happy */
+	d_image		= 0;
+	d_dll_path	= 0;
+	d_cwd		= 0;
+	d_cmd_line	= 0;
+	d_environment	= 0;
+	d_runtime	= 0;
+	env_block_size	= 0;
+
+	/* initialize */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&process_params,
+		0,sizeof(nt_process_parameters));
+
+	/* allow for extended structures (newer OS versions) */
+	process_params.alloc_size = sizeof(nt_process_parameters)
+					+ 8 * sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	params_default = ((nt_peb *)pe_get_peb_address())->process_params;
+
+	/* image_file */
+	if (image_file) {
+		/* check alignment and sanity */
+		if ((uintptr_t)image_file->buffer % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+		else if (image_file->maxlen < image_file->strlen)
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+
+		process_params.image_file_name.strlen = image_file->strlen;
+		process_params.image_file_name.maxlen = image_file->maxlen;
+
+		/* store offset and update alloc_size */
+		d_image = process_params.alloc_size;
+		process_params.alloc_size += image_file->maxlen;
+		__ALIGN_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* dll_path */
+	if (!dll_path)
+		dll_path = &(params_default->dll_path);
+
+	if (dll_path) {
+		/* check alignment and sanity */
+		if ((uintptr_t)dll_path->buffer % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_3;
+		else if (dll_path->maxlen < dll_path->strlen)
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_3;
+
+		process_params.dll_path.strlen = dll_path->strlen;
+		process_params.dll_path.maxlen = dll_path->maxlen;
+
+		/* store offset and update alloc_size */
+		d_dll_path = process_params.alloc_size;
+		process_params.alloc_size += dll_path->maxlen;
+		__ALIGN_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* current_directory */
+	if (!current_directory)
+		current_directory = &(params_default->cwd_name);
+
+	if (current_directory) {
+		/* check alignment and sanity */
+		if ((uintptr_t)current_directory->buffer % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_4;
+		else if (current_directory->maxlen < current_directory->strlen)
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_4;
+
+		process_params.cwd_name.strlen = current_directory->strlen;
+		process_params.cwd_name.maxlen = current_directory->maxlen;
+
+		/* store offset and update alloc_size */
+		d_cwd = process_params.alloc_size;
+		process_params.alloc_size += current_directory->maxlen;
+		__ALIGN_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* command_line */
+	if (command_line) {
+		/* check alignment and sanity */
+		if ((uintptr_t)command_line->buffer % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_5;
+		else if (command_line->maxlen < command_line->strlen)
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_5;
+
+		process_params.command_line.strlen = command_line->strlen;
+		process_params.command_line.maxlen = command_line->maxlen;
+
+		/* store offset and update alloc_size */
+		d_cmd_line = process_params.alloc_size;
+		process_params.alloc_size += command_line->maxlen;
+		__ALIGN_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* environment */
+	if (environment) {
+		/* check alignment */
+		if ((uintptr_t)environment % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_6;
+
+		/* obtain size of environment block */
+		wch = environment;
+
+		while (*wch) {
+			/* reach the end of the current variable */
+			while (*wch++)
+			/* proceed to the next variable */
+			wch++;
+		}
+
+		env_block_size = (uintptr_t)wch - (uintptr_t)environment;
+
+		/* store offset and update alloc_size */
+		d_environment = process_params.alloc_size;
+		process_params.alloc_size += (uint32_t)env_block_size + 0x1000;
+		__ALIGN_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* runtime_data */
+	if (runtime_data) {
+		/* check alignment and sanity */
+		if ((uintptr_t)runtime_data->buffer % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_5;
+		else if (runtime_data->maxlen < runtime_data->strlen)
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_5;
+
+		process_params.runtime_data.strlen = runtime_data->strlen;
+		process_params.runtime_data.maxlen = runtime_data->maxlen;
+
+		/* store offset and update alloc_size */
+		d_runtime = process_params.alloc_size;
+		process_params.alloc_size += runtime_data->maxlen;
+		__ALIGN_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	}
+
+	/* allocate local and remote process parameters blocks */
+	params_block = (nt_process_parameters *)0;
+	rparams_block = (nt_process_parameters *)0;
+
+	process_params.used_size = process_params.alloc_size;
+	params_block_size = process_params.alloc_size;
+
+	/* local block */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		(void **)&params_block,
+		0,
+		&params_block_size,
+		NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	process_params.alloc_size = (uint32_t)params_block_size;
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(params_block,0,params_block_size);
+
+	/* remote block */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		(void **)&rparams_block,
+		0,
+		&params_block_size,
+		NT_MEM_RESERVE | NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		__ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			(void **)&params_block,
+			(size_t *)&process_params.alloc_size,
+			NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	/* copy the process_params structure */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+		(uintptr_t *)params_block,
+		(uintptr_t *)&process_params,
+		sizeof(nt_process_parameters));
+
+	/* image_file */
+	if (image_file) {
+		params_block->image_file_name.buffer =
+			(uint16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(rparams_block,d_image);
+
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+			(uintptr_t *)pe_va_from_rva(params_block,d_image),
+			(uintptr_t *)image_file->buffer,
+			image_file->strlen);
+	}
+
+	/* dll_path */
+	if (dll_path) {
+		params_block->dll_path.buffer =
+			(uint16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(rparams_block,d_dll_path);
+
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+			(uintptr_t *)pe_va_from_rva(params_block,d_dll_path),
+			(uintptr_t *)dll_path->buffer,
+			dll_path->strlen);
+	}
+
+	/* current_directory */
+	if (current_directory) {
+		params_block->cwd_name.buffer =
+			(uint16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(rparams_block,d_cwd);
+
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+			(uintptr_t *)pe_va_from_rva(params_block,d_cwd),
+			(uintptr_t *)current_directory->buffer,
+			current_directory->strlen);
+	}
+
+	/* command_line */
+	if (command_line) {
+		params_block->command_line.buffer =
+			(uint16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(rparams_block,d_cmd_line);
+
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+			(uintptr_t *)pe_va_from_rva(params_block,d_cmd_line),
+			(uintptr_t *)command_line->buffer,
+			command_line->strlen);
+	}
+
+	/* environment */
+	if (environment) {
+		params_block->environment =
+			(wchar16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(rparams_block,d_environment);
+
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+			(uintptr_t *)pe_va_from_rva(params_block,d_environment),
+			(uintptr_t *)environment,
+			env_block_size);
+	}
+
+	/* runtime_data */
+	if (runtime_data) {
+		params_block->runtime_data.buffer =
+			(uint16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(rparams_block,d_runtime);
+
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+			(uintptr_t *)pe_va_from_rva(params_block,d_runtime),
+			(uintptr_t *)runtime_data->buffer,
+			runtime_data->strlen);
+	}
+
+	params_block->flags = 1; /* normalized */
+
+	/* copy the local params block to the remote process */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_write_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		rparams_block,
+		(char *)params_block,
+		process_params.alloc_size,
+		&bytes_written);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* free the local params block */
+	__ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		(void **)&params_block,
+		(size_t *)&process_params.alloc_size,
+		NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+
+	/* all done */
+	*rprocess_params = rparams_block;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3cf9ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data.c
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_process_basic_information nt_pbi;
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_remote_runtime_data(
+	__in		void *			hprocess,
+	__in_out	nt_runtime_data_block *	rtblock)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	size_t			bytes_written;
+	nt_pbi			rpbi;
+	nt_process_parameters *	rprocess_params;
+	nt_unicode_string	rcmd_line;
+	uint32_t		runtime_arg_hash;
+	nt_runtime_data *	rtdata;
+	void *			srv_ready;
+
+	#if defined (__NT32)
+	wchar16_t		runtime_arg[8] = {
+		'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l'};
+	#elif defined (__NT64)
+	wchar16_t		runtime_arg[16] = {
+		'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l',
+		'-','r','u','n','t','i','m','e'};
+	#endif
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!hprocess)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_1;
+	else if (!rtblock)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+	else if (!rtblock->addr)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+	else if (!rtblock->size)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+
+	runtime_arg_hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		0,
+		(char *)runtime_arg,
+		sizeof(runtime_arg));
+
+	/* obtain process information */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_process(
+		hprocess,
+		NT_PROCESS_BASIC_INFORMATION,
+		(void *)&rpbi,
+		sizeof(nt_process_basic_information),
+		0);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_read_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		pe_va_from_rva(
+			rpbi.peb_base_address,
+			(uintptr_t)&(((nt_peb *)0)->process_params)),
+		(char *)&rprocess_params,
+		sizeof(uintptr_t),
+		&bytes_written);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_read_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		&rprocess_params->command_line,
+		(char *)&rcmd_line,
+		sizeof(nt_unicode_string),
+		&bytes_written);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	if (rcmd_line.buffer == 0)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+	else if (rcmd_line.strlen < sizeof(runtime_arg) + 4*sizeof(wchar16_t))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_USER_BUFFER;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_read_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		pe_va_from_rva(
+			rcmd_line.buffer,
+			rcmd_line.strlen - sizeof(runtime_arg)),
+		(char *)&runtime_arg,
+		sizeof(runtime_arg),
+		&bytes_written);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* verify remote process compatibility */
+	runtime_arg_hash ^= __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		0,
+		(char *)runtime_arg,
+		sizeof(runtime_arg));
+
+	if (runtime_arg_hash)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_SIGNATURE;
+
+	/* remote block */
+	rtblock->remote_size = rtblock->size;
+	status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		&rtblock->remote_addr,
+		0,
+		&rtblock->remote_size,
+		NT_MEM_RESERVE | NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* session handles */
+	if (rtblock->flags & NT_RUNTIME_DATA_DUPLICATE_SESSION_HANDLES) {
+		rtdata = (nt_runtime_data *)rtblock->addr;
+		srv_ready = rtdata->srv_ready;
+
+		status = __ntapi->zw_duplicate_object(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			srv_ready,
+			hprocess,
+			&rtdata->srv_ready,
+			0,0,NT_DUPLICATE_SAME_ATTRIBUTES | NT_DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS);
+		if (status) return status;
+	} else
+		srv_ready = 0;
+
+	/* copy local block to remote process */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_write_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		rtblock->remote_addr,
+		(char *)rtblock->addr,
+		rtblock->size,
+		&bytes_written);
+
+	/* restore rtdata */
+	if (srv_ready)
+		rtdata->srv_ready = srv_ready;
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* runtime_arg */
+	__ntapi->tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16(
+		(uintptr_t)rtblock->remote_addr,
+		runtime_arg);
+
+	/* update remote runtime arg */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_write_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		pe_va_from_rva(
+			rcmd_line.buffer,
+			rcmd_line.strlen - sizeof(runtime_arg)),
+		(char *)&runtime_arg,
+		sizeof(runtime_arg),
+		&bytes_written);
+
+	if (status)
+		__ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+			hprocess,
+			&rtblock->remote_addr,
+			&rtblock->remote_size,
+			NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_fork_v1.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_fork_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de917ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_fork_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+intptr_t __cdecl	__attr_hidden__ __tt_fork_v1(void);
+uint32_t __fastcall	__attr_hidden__ __tt_fork_child_entry_point(uintptr_t saved_regs_stack_pointer);
+uint32_t __fastcall	__attr_hidden__ __tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj(uintptr_t saved_regs_stack_pointer);
+
+/** legacy fork chronology:
+ *
+ *  parent:
+ *	__ntapi_tt_fork ->
+ *		__tt_fork ->
+ *			__tt_fork_impl ->
+ *		return to __tt_fork -->
+ *	__ntapi_tt_fork
+ *	-> return to caller
+ *
+ *  child:
+ *		__tt_fork_child_entry_point[_adj] ->
+ *	__ntapi_tt_fork (internal return) ->
+ *	-> return to caller
+**/
+
+
+static intptr_t __tt_fork_cancel(void * hprocess,int32_t status)
+{
+	__ntapi->zw_terminate_process(hprocess, status);
+	__ntapi->zw_close(hprocess);
+	return (intptr_t)(-1);
+}
+
+intptr_t __fastcall __tt_fork_impl_v1(
+	uintptr_t	saved_regs_stack_pointer,
+	uintptr_t	stack_adjustment)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	void *			hprocess;
+	void *			hthread;
+	void **			hport_session;
+	ntapi_internals *	__internals;
+
+	nt_object_attributes		oa;
+	nt_process_basic_information	pbi;
+	nt_thread_context		context;
+	nt_user_stack			stack;
+	nt_memory_basic_information	mbi;
+	nt_client_id			cid;
+	nt_large_integer		timeout;
+
+	hprocess = hthread = (void *)0;
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(nt_object_attributes);
+	oa.root_dir	= 0;
+	oa.obj_name	= 0;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= 0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= 0;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_create_process(
+			&hprocess,
+			NT_PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS,
+			&oa,
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			1,0,0,0)))
+		return (intptr_t)(-1);
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_process(
+			hprocess,
+			NT_PROCESS_BASIC_INFORMATION,
+			(void *)&pbi,
+			sizeof(nt_process_basic_information),
+			0)))
+		return __tt_fork_cancel(hprocess,status);
+
+
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&context,0,sizeof(nt_thread_context));
+
+	__INIT_CONTEXT(context);
+	context.STACK_POINTER_REGISTER = saved_regs_stack_pointer;
+	context.FAST_CALL_ARG0 = saved_regs_stack_pointer;
+
+	context.INSTRUCTION_POINTER_REGISTER = stack_adjustment
+		? (uintptr_t)__tt_fork_child_entry_point_adj
+		: (uintptr_t)__tt_fork_child_entry_point;
+
+
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_virtual_memory(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			(void *)context.STACK_POINTER_REGISTER,
+			NT_MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION,
+			&mbi,sizeof(nt_memory_basic_information),0)))
+		return __tt_fork_cancel(hprocess,status);
+
+	stack.fixed_stack_base		= (void *)0;
+	stack.fixed_stack_limit		= (void *)0;
+	stack.expandable_stack_base	= (void *)((uintptr_t)mbi.base_address + mbi.region_size);
+	stack.expandable_stack_limit	= (void *)mbi.base_address;
+	stack.expandable_stack_bottom	= (void *)mbi.allocation_base;
+
+
+
+	__internals	= __ntapi_internals();
+	hport_session	= &__internals->hport_tty_session;
+	timeout.quad	= (-1) * 10 * 1000 * __NT_FORK_CHILD_WAIT_MILLISEC;
+
+	if (hport_session && *hport_session)
+		if ((status = __ntapi->tty_client_process_register(
+				*hport_session,
+				pbi.unique_process_id,
+				0, 0, &timeout)))
+			return __tt_fork_cancel(hprocess,status);
+
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_create_thread(
+			&hthread,
+			NT_THREAD_ALL_ACCESS,
+			&oa,hprocess,&cid,
+			&context,&stack,0)))
+		return __tt_fork_cancel(hprocess,status);
+
+
+	if (cid.process_id > 0) {
+		__internals->hany[0] = hprocess;
+		__internals->hany[1] = hthread;
+	} else {
+		__internals->hany[0] = 0;
+		__internals->hany[1] = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* hoppla */
+	return (int32_t)cid.process_id;
+}
+
+intptr_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_fork_v1(
+	__out	void **		hprocess,
+	__out	void **		hthread)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	intptr_t		pid;
+	nt_large_integer	timeout;
+	void **			hport_session;
+	void *			hevent_tty_connected;
+	ntapi_internals *	__internals;
+
+	__internals	= __ntapi_internals();
+	hport_session	= &__internals->hport_tty_session;
+	timeout.quad	= (-1) * 10 * 1000 * __NT_FORK_CHILD_WAIT_MILLISEC;
+
+	if (at_locked_cas(&__internals->hlock,0,1))
+		return (intptr_t)(-1);
+
+	if (hport_session && *hport_session)
+		if (__ntapi_tt_create_inheritable_event(
+				&hevent_tty_connected,
+				NT_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+				NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED))
+			return (intptr_t)(-1);
+
+	pid = __tt_fork_v1();
+
+	*hprocess = __internals->hany[0];
+	*hthread  = __internals->hany[1];
+
+	at_store(&__internals->hlock,0);
+
+	if (hport_session && *hport_session) {
+		if (pid == 0) {
+			if ((status = __ntapi->tty_connect(
+					hport_session,
+					__internals->subsystem->base_named_objects,
+					NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION)))
+				return __tt_fork_cancel(NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,status);
+
+			__internals->hdev_mount_point_mgr = 0;
+
+			if (__internals->rtdata)
+				__internals->rtdata->hsession = *hport_session;
+
+			__ntapi->zw_set_event(
+				hevent_tty_connected,
+				0);
+
+		} else if (pid > 0) {
+			status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+				hevent_tty_connected,
+				NT_SYNC_NON_ALERTABLE,
+				&timeout);
+
+			if (status && __PSX_DEBUG)
+				if ((status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+						hevent_tty_connected,
+						NT_SYNC_NON_ALERTABLE,
+						0)))
+					pid = __tt_fork_cancel(*hprocess,status);
+		}
+
+		__ntapi->zw_close(hevent_tty_connected);
+	}
+
+	return pid;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_fork_v2.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_fork_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e483554
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_fork_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static intptr_t __tt_fork_cancel(void * hprocess,int32_t status)
+{
+	__ntapi->zw_terminate_process(hprocess, status);
+	__ntapi->zw_close(hprocess);
+	return (intptr_t)(-1);
+}
+
+intptr_t __fastcall __tt_fork_impl_v2(
+	__out	void **	hprocess,
+	__out	void **	hthread)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	void **			hport_session;
+	nt_object_attributes	oa_process;
+	nt_object_attributes	oa_thread;
+	nt_create_process_info	process_info;
+	nt_cid			cid;
+	nt_sec_img_inf		sec_img_inf;
+	nt_timeout		timeout;
+	ntapi_internals *	__internals;
+
+	struct {
+		size_t				size_in_bytes;
+		nt_create_process_ext_param	process_info;
+		nt_create_process_ext_param	section_info;
+	} ext_params;
+
+
+	oa_process.len		= sizeof(nt_object_attributes);
+	oa_process.root_dir	= 0;
+	oa_process.obj_name	= 0;
+	oa_process.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa_process.sec_desc	= 0;
+	oa_process.sec_qos	= 0;
+
+	oa_thread.len		= sizeof(nt_object_attributes);
+	oa_thread.root_dir	= 0;
+	oa_thread.obj_name	= 0;
+	oa_thread.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa_thread.sec_desc	= 0;
+	oa_thread.sec_qos	= 0;
+
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&process_info,0,sizeof(process_info));
+
+	process_info.size			= sizeof(process_info);
+	process_info.state			= NT_PROCESS_CREATE_INITIAL_STATE;
+	process_info.init_state.init_flags	= NT_PROCESS_CREATE_FLAGS_NO_OBJECT_SYNC;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&ext_params,0,sizeof(ext_params));
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&cid,0,sizeof(cid));
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&sec_img_inf,0,sizeof(sec_img_inf));
+	ext_params.size_in_bytes = sizeof(ext_params);
+
+	ext_params.process_info.ext_param_type	= NT_CREATE_PROCESS_EXT_PARAM_GET_CLIENT_ID;
+	ext_params.process_info.ext_param_size	= sizeof(cid);
+	ext_params.process_info.ext_param_addr	= &cid;
+
+	ext_params.section_info.ext_param_type	= NT_CREATE_PROCESS_EXT_PARAM_GET_SECTION_IMAGE_INFO;
+	ext_params.section_info.ext_param_size	= sizeof(sec_img_inf);
+	ext_params.section_info.ext_param_addr	= &sec_img_inf;
+
+
+	/* [thou shalt remember the single step paradox] */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_create_user_process(
+		hprocess,
+		hthread,
+		NT_PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS,
+		NT_THREAD_ALL_ACCESS,
+		&oa_process,
+		&oa_thread,
+		NT_PROCESS_CREATE_FLAGS_INHERIT_HANDLES,
+		NT_PROCESS_CREATE_FLAGS_CREATE_THREAD_SUSPENDED,
+		(nt_process_parameters *)0,
+		&process_info,
+		(nt_create_process_ext_params *)&ext_params);
+
+	if (status == NT_STATUS_PROCESS_CLONED)
+		return 0;
+	else if (status)
+		return (intptr_t)(-1);
+
+	__internals	= __ntapi_internals();
+	hport_session	= &__internals->hport_tty_session;
+	timeout.quad	= (-1) * 10 * 1000 * __NT_FORK_CHILD_WAIT_MILLISEC;
+
+	if (hport_session && *hport_session)
+		if ((status = __ntapi->tty_client_process_register(
+				*hport_session,
+				cid.process_id,
+				0,0,&timeout)))
+			return __tt_fork_cancel(*hprocess,status);
+
+	/* [thou shalt remember the single step paradox] */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_resume_thread(
+			*hthread,0)))
+		return __tt_fork_cancel(*hprocess,status);
+
+	/* hoppla */
+	return (int32_t)cid.process_id;
+}
+
+intptr_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_fork_v2(
+	__out	void **		hprocess,
+	__out	void **		hthread)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	intptr_t		pid;
+	nt_large_integer	timeout;
+	void **			hport_session;
+	void *			hevent_tty_connected;
+	ntapi_internals *	__internals;
+
+	__internals	= __ntapi_internals();
+	hport_session	= &__internals->hport_tty_session;
+	timeout.quad	= (-1) * 10 * 1000 * __NT_FORK_CHILD_WAIT_MILLISEC;
+
+	if (hport_session && *hport_session)
+		if (__ntapi_tt_create_inheritable_event(
+				&hevent_tty_connected,
+				NT_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+				NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED))
+			return (intptr_t)(-1);
+
+	pid = __tt_fork_impl_v2(hprocess,hthread);
+
+	if (!hport_session || !*hport_session)
+		return pid;
+	else if (pid < 0)
+		return pid;
+
+	if (pid == 0) {
+		if ((status = __ntapi->tty_connect(
+				hport_session,
+				__internals->subsystem->base_named_objects,
+				NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION)))
+			return __tt_fork_cancel(NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,status);
+
+			__internals->hdev_mount_point_mgr = 0;
+
+			if (__internals->rtdata)
+				__internals->rtdata->hsession = *hport_session;
+
+			__ntapi->zw_set_event(
+				hevent_tty_connected,
+				0);
+	} else {
+		status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+			hevent_tty_connected,
+			NT_SYNC_NON_ALERTABLE,
+			&timeout);
+
+		if (status && __PSX_DEBUG)
+			if ((status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+					hevent_tty_connected,
+					NT_SYNC_NON_ALERTABLE,
+					0)))
+				pid = __tt_fork_cancel(*hprocess,status);
+	}
+
+
+	__ntapi->zw_close(hevent_tty_connected);
+
+	return pid;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_get_runtime_data.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_get_runtime_data.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92b4b2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_get_runtime_data.c
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+#if defined (__NT32)
+static wchar16_t runtime_arg[12] = {
+	' ','-','r',' ',
+	'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l'};
+#elif defined (__NT64)
+static wchar16_t runtime_arg[20] = {
+	' ','-','r',' ',
+	'i','n','t','e','g','r','a','l',
+	'-','r','u','n','t','i','m','e'};
+#endif
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_runtime_data(
+	__out		nt_runtime_data **	rtdata,
+	__in		wchar16_t **		argv)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	nt_process_parameters *		process_params;
+	nt_cmd_option_meta_utf16	cmd_opt_meta;
+	nt_runtime_data			buffer;
+	nt_runtime_data *		prtdata;
+	ntapi_internals *		__internals;
+
+	/* init */
+	__internals = __ntapi_internals();
+
+	/* once? */
+	if (__internals->rtdata) {
+		*rtdata = __internals->rtdata;
+		return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	if (!(argv = argv ? argv : __internals->ntapi_img_sec_bss->argv_envp_array))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+
+	/* integral process? */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tt_get_short_option_meta_utf16(
+			__ntapi->tt_crc32_table(),
+			'r',
+			argv,
+			&cmd_opt_meta)))
+		return status;
+
+	else if (argv[3])
+		status = NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr(
+			cmd_opt_meta.value,
+			(uintptr_t *)&prtdata)))
+		return status;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_read_virtual_memory(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			prtdata,
+			(char *)&buffer,
+			sizeof(buffer),0)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* avoid confusion :-) */
+	process_params = ((nt_peb *)pe_get_peb_address())->process_params;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+		(wchar16_t *)pe_va_from_rva(
+			process_params->command_line.buffer,
+			process_params->command_line.strlen - sizeof(runtime_arg)),
+		runtime_arg,
+		sizeof(runtime_arg));
+
+	*rtdata = prtdata;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_init_runtime_data.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_init_runtime_data.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7c2603
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_init_runtime_data.c
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_update_runtime_data(nt_runtime_data * rtdata)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	nt_process_basic_information	pbi;
+	uint32_t			ret;
+	nt_oa				oa = {sizeof(oa)};
+
+	/* process (self) */
+	rtdata->cid_self.process_id = pe_get_current_process_id();
+	rtdata->cid_self.thread_id  = 0;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_open_process(
+			&rtdata->hprocess_self,
+			NT_PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS,
+			&oa,&rtdata->cid_self)))
+		return status;
+
+	if (rtdata->cid_parent.process_id)
+		return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+	/* process (parent) */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_process(
+			rtdata->hprocess_self,
+			NT_PROCESS_BASIC_INFORMATION,
+			&pbi,sizeof(pbi),&ret)))
+		return status;
+
+	rtdata->cid_parent.process_id = pbi.inherited_from_unique_process_id;
+	rtdata->cid_parent.thread_id  = 0;
+	rtdata->hprocess_parent = 0;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_init_runtime_data(nt_runtime_data * rtdata)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	nt_peb *			peb;
+	nt_oa				oa = {sizeof(oa)};
+
+	/* init */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(rtdata,0,sizeof(*rtdata));
+	peb = (nt_peb *)(pe_get_peb_address());
+
+	/* pid (self,parent) */
+	if ((status = __ntapi_tt_update_runtime_data(rtdata)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* std handles */
+	rtdata->hstdin  = peb->process_params->hstdin;
+	rtdata->hstdout = peb->process_params->hstdout;
+	rtdata->hstderr = peb->process_params->hstderr;
+
+	if (__ntapi->tt_get_file_handle_type(rtdata->hstdin,&rtdata->stdin_type)) {
+		rtdata->hstdin = NT_INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		rtdata->stdin_type = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (__ntapi->tt_get_file_handle_type(rtdata->hstdout,&rtdata->stdout_type)) {
+		rtdata->hstdout = NT_INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		rtdata->stdout_type = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (__ntapi->tt_get_file_handle_type(rtdata->hstderr,&rtdata->stderr_type)) {
+		rtdata->hstderr = NT_INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		rtdata->stderr_type = 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/ntapi_tt_map_image_as_data.c b/src/process/ntapi_tt_map_image_as_data.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..864f9cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/ntapi_tt_map_image_as_data.c
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_section.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static nt_sqos const sqos = {
+	sizeof(sqos),
+	NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION,
+	NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC,
+	1};
+
+static int32_t __tt_exec_unmap_image(nt_executable_image * image, void * base, int32_t status)
+{
+	int32_t ret;
+
+	if (base)
+		if ((ret = __ntapi->zw_unmap_view_of_section(
+				NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+				base)))
+			return ret;
+
+	if (image->hsection)
+		if ((ret = __ntapi->zw_close(image->hsection)))
+			return ret;
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_tt_exec_unmap_image(nt_executable_image * image)
+{
+	return __tt_exec_unmap_image(image,image->addr,0);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_exec_map_image_as_data(nt_executable_image * image)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	uint16_t *			pi16;
+	uint32_t *			pi32;
+	nt_sec_size			sec_size;
+	size_t				view_size;
+	void *				base;
+	void *				hsection;
+
+	struct pe_image_dos_hdr *	dos;
+	struct pe_coff_file_hdr *	coff;
+	union  pe_opt_hdr *		opt;
+	struct pe_sec_hdr *		sec;
+
+	nt_oa oa = {sizeof(oa),
+		    0,0,0,0,(nt_sqos *)&sqos};
+
+	base = 0;
+	sec_size.quad = 0;
+	view_size = image->size;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_create_section(
+			&hsection,
+			NT_SECTION_MAP_READ,
+			&oa,
+			&sec_size,
+			NT_PAGE_READONLY,
+			NT_SEC_RESERVE,image->hfile)))
+		return status;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_map_view_of_section(
+			hsection,
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			&base,
+			0,0,0,
+			&view_size,
+			NT_VIEW_UNMAP,0,
+			NT_PAGE_READONLY)))
+		return __tt_exec_unmap_image(
+			image,base,status);
+
+	if (!(dos = pe_get_image_dos_hdr_addr(base)))
+		return 0;
+
+	pi32 = (uint32_t *)dos->dos_lfanew;
+	if ((*pi32 + sizeof(*coff)) > view_size)
+		return __tt_exec_unmap_image(
+			image,base,NT_STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT);
+
+	if (!(coff = pe_get_image_coff_hdr_addr(base)))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!(opt = pe_get_image_opt_hdr_addr(base)))
+		return 0;
+
+	sec  = pe_get_image_section_tbl_addr(base);
+	pi16 = (uint16_t *)coff->num_of_sections;
+	if (((size_t)sec-(size_t)base + *pi16 * sizeof(*sec)) > view_size)
+		return __tt_exec_unmap_image(
+			image,base,NT_STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT);
+
+	/* subsystem: same offset (pe32, pe32+) */
+	pi16 = (uint16_t *)opt;
+	image->magic = *pi16;
+
+	pi16 = (uint16_t *)opt->opt_hdr_32.subsystem;
+	image->subsystem = *pi16;
+
+	pi16 = (uint16_t *)coff->characteristics;
+	image->characteristics = *pi16;
+
+	image->hsection = hsection;
+	image->addr = base;
+	image->size = view_size;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/process/tt_fork_v1.c b/src/process/tt_fork_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/process/tt_fork_v1.c
diff --git a/src/pty/ntapi_pty_cancel.c b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_cancel.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bfbb79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_cancel.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+#include "ntapi_pty.h"
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_pty_cancel(
+	nt_pty *	pty,
+	nt_iosb *	iosb)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_pty_io_msg	msg;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type		= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size		= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size		= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode		= NT_TTY_PTY_CANCEL;
+
+	msg.data.ioinfo.hpty		= pty->hpty;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.luid.high	= pty->luid.high;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.luid.low	= pty->luid.low;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+		&msg.data.ioinfo.guid,
+		&pty->guid);
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(pty->hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	iosb->info   = msg.data.ioinfo.iosb.info;
+	iosb->status = msg.data.ioinfo.iosb.status;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/pty/ntapi_pty_fd.c b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_fd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee0b426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_fd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+#include "ntapi_pty.h"
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_pty_open_close(
+	nt_pty *	pty,
+	nt_iosb *	iosb,
+	int32_t		opcode)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_pty_fd_msg	msg;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= opcode;
+
+	msg.data.fdinfo.hpty	= pty->hpty;
+	msg.data.fdinfo.access	= pty->access;
+	msg.data.fdinfo.flags	= pty->flags;
+	msg.data.fdinfo.share	= pty->share;
+	msg.data.fdinfo.options	= pty->options;
+
+	msg.data.fdinfo.luid.high = pty->luid.high;
+	msg.data.fdinfo.luid.low  = pty->luid.low;
+
+	__ntapi_tt_guid_copy(
+		&msg.data.fdinfo.guid,
+		&pty->guid);
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(pty->hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	pty->hpty	  = msg.data.fdinfo.hpty;
+	pty->section	  = msg.data.fdinfo.section;
+	pty->section_size = msg.data.fdinfo.section_size;
+	pty->luid.high	  = msg.data.fdinfo.luid.high;
+	pty->luid.low	  = msg.data.fdinfo.luid.low;
+	iosb->status	  = msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+	iosb->info	  = 0;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_pty_free(nt_pty * pty)
+{
+	void *	addr;
+	size_t	size;
+
+	/* unmap section */
+	if (pty->section_addr)
+		__ntapi->zw_unmap_view_of_section(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			pty->section_addr);
+
+	/* free control block */
+	addr = pty->addr;
+	size = pty->size;
+
+	return __ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		&addr,
+		&size,
+		NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_pty_fail(nt_pty * pty,int32_t status)
+{
+	__ntapi_pty_free(pty);
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_pty_alloc(nt_pty ** pty)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_pty *	ctx;
+	size_t		ctx_size;
+
+	/* allocate control block */
+	ctx = 0;
+	ctx_size = sizeof(nt_pty);
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			(void **)&ctx,
+			0,&ctx_size,
+			NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+			NT_PAGE_READWRITE)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* init control block */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		ctx,0,ctx_size);
+
+	ctx->addr = ctx;
+	ctx->size = ctx_size;
+
+	*pty = ctx;
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static int32_t __ntapi_pty_connect(
+	void *		hport,
+	nt_pty *	ctx,
+	nt_iosb *	iosb)
+{
+	int32_t status;
+
+	ctx->hport = hport
+		? hport
+		: __ntapi_internals()->hport_tty_session;
+
+	/* request */
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &ctx->iosb;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi_pty_open_close(ctx,iosb,NT_TTY_PTY_OPEN)))
+		return __ntapi_pty_fail(ctx,status);
+
+	/* map section */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_map_view_of_section(
+			ctx->section,
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			&ctx->section_addr,
+			0,ctx->section_size,
+			0,&ctx->section_size,
+			NT_VIEW_UNMAP,0,
+			NT_PAGE_READWRITE)))
+		return __ntapi_pty_fail(ctx,status);
+
+	/* assume conforming clients, config for single lock try */
+	__ntapi->tt_sync_block_init(&ctx->sync[__PTY_READ],0,0,1,0,0);
+	__ntapi->tt_sync_block_init(&ctx->sync[__PTY_WRITE],0,0,1,0,0);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_pty_open(
+	void *			hport,
+	nt_pty **		pty,
+	uint32_t		desired_access,
+	nt_object_attributes*	obj_attr,
+	nt_iosb *		iosb,
+	uint32_t		share_access,
+	uint32_t		open_options)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	uint32_t		hash;
+	nt_guid			guid;
+	nt_uuid_str_utf16 *	guid_str;
+	nt_pty *		ctx;
+
+	if (!obj_attr || !obj_attr->obj_name || !obj_attr->obj_name->buffer)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	if (obj_attr->obj_name->strlen != __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN + sizeof(nt_guid_str_utf16))
+		return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_PATH_INVALID;
+
+	hash = __ntapi->tt_buffer_crc32(
+		0,
+		obj_attr->obj_name->buffer,
+		__DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN);
+
+	if (hash != __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_HASH)
+		return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_PATH_INVALID;
+
+	guid_str = (nt_uuid_str_utf16 *)
+		((uintptr_t)obj_attr->obj_name->buffer + __DEVICE_PATH_PREFIX_LEN);
+
+	if (__ntapi->tt_utf16_string_to_guid(guid_str,&guid))
+		return NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_INVALID;
+
+	/* control block */
+	if ((status = __ntapi_pty_alloc(&ctx)))
+		return status;
+
+	__ntapi_tt_guid_copy(
+		&ctx->guid,
+		&guid);
+
+	ctx->access	= desired_access;
+	ctx->flags	= obj_attr->obj_attr;
+	ctx->share	= share_access;
+	ctx->options	= open_options;
+
+	/* pts */
+	if (obj_attr->root_dir) {
+		ctx->luid.high = ((nt_pty *)obj_attr->root_dir)->luid.high;
+		ctx->luid.low  = ((nt_pty *)obj_attr->root_dir)->luid.low;
+	}
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi_pty_connect(hport,ctx,iosb)))
+		return status;
+
+	*pty = ctx;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_pty_reopen(
+	__in	void *			hport,
+	__in	nt_pty *		pty)
+{
+	return __ntapi_pty_connect(hport,pty,0);
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_pty_close(nt_pty * pty)
+{
+	if (!pty || (pty->addr != pty))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	__ntapi_pty_open_close(
+		pty,&pty->iosb,NT_TTY_PTY_CLOSE);
+
+	return __ntapi_pty_free(pty);
+}
diff --git a/src/pty/ntapi_pty_io.c b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_io.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f110371
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_io.c
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+#include "ntapi_pty.h"
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_pty_read_write(
+	nt_pty *		pty,
+	void *			hevent,
+	nt_io_apc_routine *	apc_routine,
+	void *			apc_context,
+	nt_iosb *		iosb,
+	void *			buffer,
+	size_t			nbytes,
+	nt_large_integer *	offset,
+	uint32_t *		key,
+	int32_t			opcode)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_pty_io_msg	msg;
+	off_t		soffset;
+	int		mode;
+
+	mode = opcode - NT_TTY_PTY_READ;
+	soffset = mode * pty->section_size / 2;
+
+	if (offset && offset->quad)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	else if (__ntapi->tt_sync_block_lock(&pty->sync[mode],1,0,0))
+		return NT_STATUS_RESOURCE_NOT_OWNED;
+
+	nbytes = nbytes <= pty->section_size / 2
+		? nbytes
+		: pty->section_size / 2;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type		= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size		= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size		= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode		= opcode;
+
+	msg.data.ioinfo.hpty		= pty->hpty;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.hevent		= hevent;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.apc_routine	= apc_routine;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.apc_context	= apc_context;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.key		= key ? *key : 0;
+
+	msg.data.ioinfo.luid.high	= pty->luid.high;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.luid.low	= pty->luid.low;
+
+	msg.data.ioinfo.riosb		= iosb;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.raddr		= buffer;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+		&msg.data.ioinfo.guid,
+		&pty->guid);
+
+	msg.data.ioinfo.nbytes		= nbytes;
+	msg.data.ioinfo.offset		= soffset;
+
+	if (mode == __PTY_WRITE)
+		__ntapi->tt_generic_memcpy(
+			(char *)pty->section_addr + soffset,
+			(char *)buffer,
+			nbytes);
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(pty->hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	if (mode == __PTY_READ)
+		__ntapi->tt_generic_memcpy(
+			(char *)buffer,
+			(char *)pty->section_addr + soffset,
+			msg.data.ioinfo.iosb.info);
+
+	iosb->info   = msg.data.ioinfo.iosb.info;
+	iosb->status = msg.data.ioinfo.iosb.status;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_pty_read(
+	__in	nt_pty *		pty,
+	__in	void *			hevent		__optional,
+	__in	nt_io_apc_routine *	apc_routine	__optional,
+	__in	void *			apc_context	__optional,
+	__out	nt_iosb *		iosb,
+	__out	void *			buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		nbytes,
+	__in	nt_large_integer *	offset		__optional,
+	__in	uint32_t *		key		__optional)
+{
+	return __ntapi_pty_read_write(
+		pty,
+		hevent,apc_routine,apc_context,
+		iosb,buffer,nbytes,offset,key,
+		NT_TTY_PTY_READ);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_pty_write(
+	__in	nt_pty *		pty,
+	__in 	void *			hevent		__optional,
+	__in	nt_io_apc_routine *	apc_routine	__optional,
+	__in	void * 			apc_context	__optional,
+	__out	nt_iosb *		iosb,
+	__in	void * 			buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		nbytes,
+	__in	nt_large_integer *	offset		__optional,
+	__in	uint32_t *		key		__optional)
+{
+	return __ntapi_pty_read_write(
+		pty,
+		hevent,apc_routine,apc_context,
+		iosb,buffer,nbytes,offset,key,
+		NT_TTY_PTY_WRITE);
+}
diff --git a/src/pty/ntapi_pty_ioctl.c b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_ioctl.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f828753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_ioctl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_termios.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+#include "ntapi_pty.h"
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_pty_ioctl(
+	nt_pty *		pty,
+	void *			hevent			__optional,
+	nt_io_apc_routine *	apc_routine		__optional,
+	void *			apc_context		__optional,
+	nt_iosb *		iosb,
+	uint32_t		ctlcode,
+	void *			input_buffer		__optional,
+	uint32_t		input_buffer_length,
+	void *			output_buffer		__optional,
+	uint32_t		output_buffer_length)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_pty_sigctl_msg	msg;
+	nt_tty_sigctl_info *	input;
+	nt_tty_sigctl_info *	output;
+
+	if ((uintptr_t)input_buffer % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+		return NT_STATUS_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT_ERROR;
+	else if (input_buffer_length != sizeof(nt_tty_sigctl_info))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_BUFFER_SIZE;
+	else if (!output_buffer)
+		return NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED;
+	else if ((uintptr_t)output_buffer % sizeof(uintptr_t))
+		return NT_STATUS_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT_ERROR;
+	else if (output_buffer_length < sizeof(nt_tty_sigctl_info))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	input  = (nt_tty_sigctl_info *)input_buffer;
+	output = (nt_tty_sigctl_info *)output_buffer;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type		= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size		= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size		= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode		= NT_TTY_PTY_IOCTL;
+
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.hpty		= pty->hpty;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.luid.high	= pty->luid.high;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.luid.low	= pty->luid.low;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctlcode	= ctlcode;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+		&msg.data.ctlinfo.guid,
+		&pty->guid);
+
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[0]	= input->ctxarg[0];
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[1]	= input->ctxarg[1];
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[2]	= input->ctxarg[2];
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[3]	= input->ctxarg[3];
+
+	__ntapi->tt_generic_memcpy(
+		(char *)&input->terminfo,
+		(char *)&msg.data.ctlinfo.terminfo,
+		sizeof(input->terminfo));
+
+	__ntapi->tt_generic_memcpy(
+		(char *)&input->winsize,
+		(char *)&msg.data.ctlinfo.winsize,
+		sizeof(input->winsize));
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(pty->hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)output,
+		(uintptr_t *)&msg.data.ctlinfo,
+		sizeof(*output));
+
+	iosb->info   = msg.data.ctlinfo.iosb.info;
+	iosb->status = msg.data.ctlinfo.iosb.status;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/pty/ntapi_pty_query.c b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_query.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57d31ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_query.c
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+#include "ntapi_pty.h"
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_pty_query(
+	nt_pty *		pty,
+	nt_io_status_block *	iosb,
+	void *			pty_info,
+	uint32_t		pty_info_length,
+	nt_pty_info_class	pty_info_class)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_pty_sigctl_msg	msg;
+	uintptr_t *		info;
+
+	if ((pty_info_class<NT_PTY_BASIC_INFORMATION) || (pty_info_class>=NT_PTY_INFORMATION_CAP))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_INFO_CLASS;
+	else if (pty_info_class == NT_PTY_BASIC_INFORMATION)
+		return NT_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+	else if ((pty_info_class == NT_PTY_CLIENT_INFORMATION) && (pty_info_length != sizeof(nt_pty_client_info)))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type		= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size		= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size		= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode		= NT_TTY_PTY_QUERY;
+
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.hpty		= pty->hpty;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.luid.high	= pty->luid.high;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.luid.low	= pty->luid.low;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctlcode	= pty_info_class;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+		&msg.data.ctlinfo.guid,
+		&pty->guid);
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(pty->hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	iosb->info   = msg.data.ctlinfo.iosb.info;
+	iosb->status = msg.data.ctlinfo.iosb.status;
+
+	info = (uintptr_t *)pty_info;
+	info[0] = msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[0];
+	info[1] = msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[1];
+	info[2] = msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[2];
+	info[3] = msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[3];
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/pty/ntapi_pty_set.c b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_set.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1543e7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/pty/ntapi_pty_set.c
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+#include "ntapi_pty.h"
+
+int32_t	__stdcall __ntapi_pty_set(
+	nt_pty *		pty,
+	nt_io_status_block *	iosb,
+	void *			pty_info,
+	uint32_t		pty_info_length,
+	nt_pty_info_class	pty_info_class)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_pty_sigctl_msg	msg;
+	uintptr_t *		info;
+
+	if ((pty_info_class<NT_PTY_BASIC_INFORMATION) || (pty_info_class>=NT_PTY_INFORMATION_CAP))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_INFO_CLASS;
+	else if (pty_info_class == NT_PTY_BASIC_INFORMATION)
+		return NT_STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
+	else if ((pty_info_class == NT_PTY_CLIENT_INFORMATION) && (pty_info_length != sizeof(nt_pty_client_info)))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type		= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size		= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size		= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode		= NT_TTY_PTY_SET;
+
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.hpty		= pty->hpty;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.luid.high	= pty->luid.high;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.luid.low	= pty->luid.low;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctlcode	= pty_info_class;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+		&msg.data.ctlinfo.guid,
+		&pty->guid);
+
+	info = (uintptr_t *)pty_info;
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[0] = info[0];
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[1] = info[1];
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[2] = info[2];
+	msg.data.ctlinfo.ctxarg[3] = info[3];
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(pty->hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	iosb->info   = msg.data.ctlinfo.iosb.info;
+	iosb->status = msg.data.ctlinfo.iosb.status;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/section/ntapi_tt_get_section_name.c b/src/section/ntapi_tt_get_section_name.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..744bfe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/section/ntapi_tt_get_section_name.c
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_section.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_section_name(
+	__in	void *			addr,
+	__out	nt_mem_sec_name *	buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size)
+{
+	size_t len;
+
+	/* init buffer */
+	buffer->section_name.strlen = 0;
+	buffer->section_name.maxlen = (uint16_t)(buffer_size - sizeof(nt_unicode_string));
+	buffer->section_name.buffer = buffer->section_name_buffer;
+
+	return __ntapi->zw_query_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		addr,
+		NT_MEMORY_SECTION_NAME,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		&len);
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_accept.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_accept.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9f0a4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_accept.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct __addr_memcpy {
+	uint64_t	d0;
+	uint64_t	d1;
+} _addr_memcpy;
+
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_accept(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssock_listen,
+	__out	nt_sockaddr *		addr,
+	__out	uint16_t *		addrlen,
+	__out	nt_socket *		hssock_dedicated,
+	__in	uintptr_t		afdflags	__optional,
+	__in	uintptr_t		tdiflags	__optional,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+
+	nt_afd_accept_info	accept_info;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+
+	_addr_memcpy *		src;
+	_addr_memcpy *		dst;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* establish kernel connection */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->sc_server_accept_connection(
+			hssock_listen,
+			&accept_info,
+			iosb)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* create connection-dedicated socket handle */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->sc_socket(
+			hssock_dedicated,
+			hssock_listen->domain,
+			hssock_listen->type,
+			hssock_listen->protocol,
+			0,
+			0,
+			0)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* associate the dedicated handle with the connection */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->sc_server_duplicate_socket(
+			hssock_listen,
+			hssock_dedicated,
+			&accept_info,
+			0)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* return address information */
+	if (addr) {
+		src = (_addr_memcpy *)&(accept_info.addr);
+		dst = (_addr_memcpy *)addr;
+
+		dst->d0 = src->d0;
+		dst->d1 = src->d1;
+	}
+
+	/* return address length information */
+	if (addrlen)
+		*addrlen = sizeof(nt_sockaddr);
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_bind_v1.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_bind_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df66656
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_bind_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_bind_msg {
+	uint32_t	domain;
+	uint32_t	type;
+	uint32_t	service_flags;
+	char		sa_data[14];
+} nt_afd_bind_msg;
+
+
+typedef struct __addr_memcpy {
+	uint16_t	d0;
+	uint16_t	d1;
+	uint16_t	d2;
+	uint16_t	d3;
+	uint16_t	d4;
+	uint16_t	d5;
+	uint16_t	d6;
+	uint16_t	d7;
+} _addr_memcpy;
+
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_bind_v1(
+	__in		nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in		const nt_sockaddr *	addr,
+	__in		uintptr_t		addrlen,
+	__in		uintptr_t		service_flags	__optional,
+	__out		nt_sockaddr *		sockaddr	__optional,
+	__out		nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+	nt_afd_bind_msg		afd_bind_req;
+	nt_afd_bind_msg		afd_bind_rep;
+
+	_addr_memcpy *		src;
+	_addr_memcpy *		dst;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* service_flags */
+	if (!service_flags)
+		service_flags = 0x2000E;
+
+	/* afd_bind_req */
+	afd_bind_req.domain = hssocket->domain;
+	afd_bind_req.type   = hssocket->type;
+	afd_bind_req.service_flags = (uint32_t)service_flags;
+
+	src = (_addr_memcpy *)addr;
+	dst = (_addr_memcpy *)&(afd_bind_req.sa_data);
+
+	dst->d0 = src->d1;
+	dst->d1 = src->d2;
+	dst->d2 = src->d3;
+	dst->d3 = src->d4;
+	dst->d4 = src->d5;
+	dst->d5 = src->d6;
+	dst->d6 = src->d7;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_BIND,
+			&afd_bind_req,
+			sizeof(afd_bind_req),
+			&afd_bind_rep,
+			sizeof(afd_bind_rep));
+
+	__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0);
+
+	if (!hssocket->iostatus && sockaddr) {
+		src = (_addr_memcpy *)&(afd_bind_rep.sa_data);
+		dst = (_addr_memcpy *)sockaddr;
+
+		dst->d1 = src->d0;
+		dst->d2 = src->d1;
+		dst->d3 = src->d2;
+		dst->d4 = src->d3;
+		dst->d5 = src->d4;
+		dst->d6 = src->d5;
+		dst->d7 = src->d6;
+
+		sockaddr->sa_addr_in4.sa_family = hssocket->domain;
+	}
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_bind_v2.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_bind_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f9b503b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_bind_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_bind_request {
+	uint32_t	unknown;
+	nt_sockaddr	addr;
+} nt_afd_bind_request;
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_bind_reply {
+	nt_sockaddr	addr;
+} nt_afd_bind_reply;
+
+typedef struct __addr_memcpy {
+	uint32_t	d0;
+	uint32_t	d1;
+	uint32_t	d2;
+	uint32_t	d3;
+} _addr_memcpy;
+
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_bind_v2(
+	__in		nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in		const nt_sockaddr *	addr,
+	__in		uintptr_t		addrlen,
+	__in		uintptr_t		service_flags	__optional,
+	__out		nt_sockaddr *		sockaddr	__optional,
+	__out		nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+	nt_afd_bind_request	afd_bind_req;
+	nt_afd_bind_reply	afd_bind_rep;
+
+	_addr_memcpy *		src;
+	_addr_memcpy *		dst;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* request */
+	afd_bind_req.unknown = hssocket->domain;
+
+	src = (_addr_memcpy *)addr;
+	dst = (_addr_memcpy *)&(afd_bind_req.addr);
+
+	dst->d0 = src->d0;
+	dst->d1 = src->d1;
+	dst->d2 = src->d2;
+	dst->d3 = src->d3;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_BIND,
+			&afd_bind_req,
+			sizeof(afd_bind_req),
+			&afd_bind_rep,
+			sizeof(afd_bind_rep));
+
+	__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0);
+
+	if (!hssocket->iostatus && sockaddr) {
+		/* return updated address information */
+		src = (_addr_memcpy *)&(afd_bind_rep);
+		dst = (_addr_memcpy *)sockaddr;
+
+		dst->d0 = src->d0;
+		dst->d1 = src->d1;
+		dst->d2 = src->d2;
+		dst->d3 = src->d3;
+	}
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_connect_v1.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_connect_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..380dbc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_connect_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+/* weed in Redmond during the 1990's anyone? */
+typedef struct _nt_afd_connect_request {
+	uintptr_t	unknown;
+	void *		paddr;
+	void *		hasync;
+	uint32_t	type;
+	uint32_t	service_flags;
+	char		sa_data[14];
+	uint16_t	hangover;
+	uint32_t	unused;
+} nt_afd_connect_request;
+
+typedef struct __addr_memcpy {
+	uint16_t	d0;
+	uint16_t	d1;
+	uint16_t	d2;
+	uint16_t	d3;
+	uint16_t	d4;
+	uint16_t	d5;
+	uint16_t	d6;
+	uint16_t	d7;
+} _addr_memcpy;
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_connect_v1(
+	__in		nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in		nt_sockaddr *		addr,
+	__in		uintptr_t		addrlen,
+	__in		uintptr_t		service_flags	__optional,
+	__out		nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+	nt_afd_connect_request	afd_connect_req;
+
+	_addr_memcpy *		src;
+	_addr_memcpy *		dst;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* service_flags */
+	if (!service_flags)
+		service_flags = 0x2000E;
+
+	/* afd_connect_req */
+	afd_connect_req.type          = hssocket->type;
+	afd_connect_req.service_flags = (uint32_t)service_flags;
+
+	afd_connect_req.paddr    = (void *)0;
+	afd_connect_req.hasync   = (void *)0;
+
+	afd_connect_req.unknown  = 0;
+	afd_connect_req.unused   = 0;
+	afd_connect_req.hangover = 0;
+
+	src = (_addr_memcpy *)addr;
+	dst = (_addr_memcpy *)&(afd_connect_req.sa_data);
+
+	dst->d0 = src->d1;
+	dst->d1 = src->d2;
+	dst->d2 = src->d3;
+	dst->d3 = src->d4;
+	dst->d4 = src->d5;
+	dst->d5 = src->d6;
+	dst->d6 = src->d7;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_CONNECT,
+			&afd_connect_req,
+			sizeof(afd_connect_req),
+			(void *)0,
+			0);
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus
+		? __ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0)
+		: NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_connect_v2.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_connect_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3857f6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_connect_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_connect_request {
+	uintptr_t	unknown[2];
+	void *		paddr;
+	nt_sockaddr	addr;
+} nt_afd_connect_request;
+
+typedef struct __addr_memcpy {
+	uint64_t	d0;
+	uint64_t	d1;
+} _addr_memcpy;
+
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_connect_v2(
+	__in		nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in		nt_sockaddr *		addr,
+	__in		uintptr_t		addrlen,
+	__in		uintptr_t		service_flags	__optional,
+	__out		nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+	nt_afd_connect_request	afd_connect_req;
+
+	_addr_memcpy *		src;
+	_addr_memcpy *		dst;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* afd_connect_req */
+	afd_connect_req.unknown[0] = 0;
+	afd_connect_req.unknown[1] = 0;
+
+	src = (_addr_memcpy *)addr;
+	dst = (_addr_memcpy *)&(afd_connect_req.addr);
+
+	dst->d0 = src->d0;
+	dst->d1 = src->d1;
+
+	afd_connect_req.paddr = &(afd_connect_req.addr);
+	afd_connect_req.addr.sa_addr_in4.sa_family = hssocket->domain;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_CONNECT,
+			&afd_connect_req,
+			sizeof(afd_connect_req),
+			(void *)0,
+			0);
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus
+		? __ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0)
+		: NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_getsockname_v1.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_getsockname_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85a9357
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_getsockname_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_server_socket_name_info {
+	uint32_t	unknown;
+	uint32_t	type;
+	uint32_t	service_flags;
+	char		sa_data[14];
+} nt_afd_server_socket_name_info;
+
+
+struct __addr_memcpy {
+	uint16_t	d0;
+	uint16_t	d1;
+	uint16_t	d2;
+	uint16_t	d3;
+	uint16_t	d4;
+	uint16_t	d5;
+	uint16_t	d6;
+	uint16_t	d7;
+};
+
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_getsockname_v1(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in	nt_sockaddr *		addr,
+	__in	uint16_t *		addrlen,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb	__optional)
+{
+	nt_io_status_block		siosb;
+	nt_afd_server_socket_name_info	sock_name_info;
+
+	struct __addr_memcpy *		asrc;
+	struct __addr_memcpy *		adst;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_GET_SOCK_NAME,
+			0,
+			0,
+			&sock_name_info,
+			sizeof(sock_name_info));
+
+	__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0);
+
+	if (!hssocket->iostatus) {
+		addr->sa_addr_in4.sa_family = hssocket->domain;
+
+		asrc = (struct __addr_memcpy *)&(sock_name_info.sa_data);
+		adst = (struct __addr_memcpy *)addr;
+
+		adst->d1 = asrc->d0;
+		adst->d2 = asrc->d1;
+		adst->d3 = asrc->d2;
+		adst->d4 = asrc->d3;
+		adst->d5 = asrc->d4;
+		adst->d6 = asrc->d5;
+		adst->d7 = asrc->d6;
+
+		*addrlen = (uint16_t)iosb->info;
+	};
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_getsockname_v2.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_getsockname_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07313ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_getsockname_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_getsockname_v2(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in	nt_sockaddr *		addr,
+	__in	uint16_t *		addrlen,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb	__optional)
+{
+	nt_iosb siosb;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_GET_SOCK_NAME,
+			0,
+			0,
+			addr,
+			sizeof(*addr));
+
+	__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0);
+
+	if (!hssocket->iostatus)
+		*addrlen = (uint16_t)iosb->info;
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_listen.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_listen.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc3e66a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_listen.c
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_listen(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in	uintptr_t		backlog,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_afd_listen_info	afd_listen;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* afd_listen */
+	afd_listen.unknown_1st = 0;
+	afd_listen.unknown_2nd = 0;
+	afd_listen.backlog     = (uint32_t)backlog;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_LISTEN,
+			&afd_listen,
+			sizeof(afd_listen),
+			0,
+			0);
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus
+		? __ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0)
+		: NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_recv.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_recv.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8db3426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_recv.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_recv(
+	__in		nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in		const void *		buffer,
+	__in		size_t			len,
+	__out		ssize_t *		bytes_received	__optional,
+	__in		uintptr_t		afdflags	__optional,
+	__in		uintptr_t		tdiflags	__optional,
+	__out		nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_afd_buffer		afd_buffer;
+	nt_afd_recv_info	afd_recv;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* tdiflags */
+	if (tdiflags == 0)
+		tdiflags = NT_TDI_RECEIVE_NORMAL;
+
+	/* afd_buffer */
+	afd_buffer.length = len;
+	afd_buffer.buffer = (char *)buffer;
+
+	/* afd_recv */
+	afd_recv.afd_buffer_array = &afd_buffer;
+	afd_recv.buffer_count     = 1;
+
+	afd_recv.afd_flags = (uint32_t)afdflags;
+	afd_recv.tdi_flags = (uint32_t)tdiflags;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_RECV,
+			&afd_recv,
+			sizeof(afd_recv),
+			0,
+			0);
+
+	if (hssocket->iostatus && (hssocket->ntflags & __NT_FILE_SYNC_IO))
+		__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,&hssocket->timeout);
+
+	if (!hssocket->iostatus && bytes_received)
+		*bytes_received = iosb->info;
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_send.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_send.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2286d65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_send.c
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_send(
+	__in		nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in		const void *		buffer,
+	__in		size_t			len,
+	__out		ssize_t *		bytes_sent	__optional,
+	__in		uintptr_t		afdflags	__optional,
+	__in		uintptr_t		tdiflags	__optional,
+	__out		nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_afd_buffer		afd_buffer;
+	nt_afd_send_info	afd_send;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* afd_buffer */
+	afd_buffer.length = len;
+	afd_buffer.buffer = (char *)buffer;
+
+	/* afd_send */
+	afd_send.afd_buffer_array = &afd_buffer;
+	afd_send.buffer_count     = 1;
+
+	afd_send.afd_flags = (uint32_t)afdflags;
+	afd_send.tdi_flags = (uint32_t)tdiflags;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_SEND,
+			&afd_send,
+			sizeof(afd_send),
+			0,
+			0);
+
+	if (hssocket->iostatus && (hssocket->ntflags & __NT_FILE_SYNC_IO))
+		__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,&hssocket->timeout);
+
+	if (!hssocket->iostatus && bytes_sent)
+		*bytes_sent = iosb->info;
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v1.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0154ef7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_server_accept_info {
+	uint32_t	sequence;
+	uint32_t	unknown;
+	uint32_t	service_flags;
+	char		sa_data[14];
+} nt_afd_server_accept_info;
+
+typedef struct __addr_memcpy {
+	uint16_t	d0;
+	uint16_t	d1;
+	uint16_t	d2;
+	uint16_t	d3;
+	uint16_t	d4;
+	uint16_t	d5;
+	uint16_t	d6;
+	uint16_t	d7;
+} _addr_memcpy;
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v1(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__out	nt_afd_accept_info *	accept_info,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb	__optional)
+{
+	nt_io_status_block		siosb;
+	nt_afd_server_accept_info	accept_info_buffer;
+
+	_addr_memcpy *			asrc;
+	_addr_memcpy *			adst;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_ACCEPT,
+			0,
+			0,
+			&accept_info_buffer,
+			sizeof(accept_info_buffer));
+
+	if (hssocket->iostatus && (hssocket->ntflags & __NT_FILE_SYNC_IO))
+		__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,&hssocket->timeout);
+
+	if (hssocket->iostatus)
+		return hssocket->iostatus;
+
+	accept_info->sequence = accept_info_buffer.sequence;
+	accept_info->addr.sa_addr_in4.sa_family = hssocket->domain;
+
+	asrc = (_addr_memcpy *)&(accept_info_buffer.sa_data);
+	adst = (_addr_memcpy *)&(accept_info->addr);
+
+	adst->d1 = asrc->d0;
+	adst->d2 = asrc->d1;
+	adst->d3 = asrc->d2;
+	adst->d4 = asrc->d3;
+	adst->d5 = asrc->d4;
+	adst->d6 = asrc->d5;
+	adst->d7 = asrc->d6;
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v2.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3520c75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_server_accept_info {
+	uint32_t	sequence;
+	nt_sockaddr	addr;
+} nt_afd_server_accept_info;
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_server_accept_connection_v2(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__out	nt_afd_accept_info *	accept_info,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb	__optional)
+{
+	nt_io_status_block siosb;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_ACCEPT,
+			0,
+			0,
+			accept_info,
+			sizeof(nt_afd_server_accept_info));
+
+	if (hssocket->iostatus && (hssocket->ntflags & __NT_FILE_SYNC_IO))
+		__ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,&hssocket->timeout);
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_duplicate_socket.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_duplicate_socket.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4084593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_server_duplicate_socket.c
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_server_duplicate_socket(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssock_listen,
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssock_dedicated,
+	__in	nt_afd_accept_info *	accept_info,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	nt_afd_duplicate_info	duplicate_info;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	/* duplicate_info */
+	duplicate_info.unknown  = 0;
+	duplicate_info.sequence = accept_info->sequence;
+	duplicate_info.hsocket_dedicated = hssock_dedicated->hsocket;
+
+	hssock_dedicated->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssock_listen->hsocket,
+			hssock_dedicated->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_DUPLICATE,
+			&duplicate_info,
+			sizeof(duplicate_info),
+			0,
+			0);
+
+	return hssock_dedicated->iostatus
+		? __ntapi->sc_wait(hssock_dedicated,iosb,0)
+		: NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_shutdown.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_shutdown.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..115214c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_shutdown.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_shutdown(
+	__in	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in	uintptr_t		psxhow,
+	__in	uintptr_t		afdhow,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb	__optional)
+{
+	nt_afd_disconnect_info	afd_disconnect;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	if (afdhow == 0) {
+		switch (psxhow) {
+			case NT_SHUT_RD:
+				afdhow = NT_AFD_DISCONNECT_RD;
+				break;
+
+			case NT_SHUT_WR:
+				afdhow = NT_AFD_DISCONNECT_WR;
+				break;
+
+			case NT_SHUT_RDWR:
+				afdhow = NT_AFD_DISCONNECT_RD | NT_AFD_DISCONNECT_WR;
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	afd_disconnect.shutdown_flags = (uint32_t)afdhow;
+	afd_disconnect.unknown[0] = 0xff;
+	afd_disconnect.unknown[1] = 0xff;
+	afd_disconnect.unknown[2] = 0xff;
+
+	hssocket->iostatus = __ntapi->zw_device_io_control_file(
+			hssocket->hsocket,
+			hssocket->hevent,
+			0,
+			0,
+			iosb,
+			NT_AFD_IOCTL_DISCONNECT,
+			&afd_disconnect,
+			sizeof(afd_disconnect),
+			0,
+			0);
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus
+		? __ntapi->sc_wait(hssocket,iosb,0)
+		: NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_socket_v1.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_socket_v1.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d57f212
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_socket_v1.c
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_socket_ea {
+	uint32_t	next_entry_offset;
+	unsigned char	ea_flags;
+	unsigned char	ea_name_length;
+	uint16_t	ea_value_length;
+	char		afd_open_packet[0x10];
+	uint32_t	value_1st;
+	uint32_t	value_2nd;
+	uint32_t	device_name_length;
+	wchar16_t	device_name[0x0b];
+	uint32_t	ea_ext[4];
+} nt_afd_socket_ea;
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_socket_v1(
+	__out	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in	uint16_t		domain,
+	__in	uint16_t		type,
+	__in	uint32_t		protocol,
+	__in	uint32_t		desired_access	__optional,
+	__in	nt_sqos *		sqos		__optional,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_object_attributes	oa;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+	nt_sqos			ssqos;
+	nt_unicode_string	nt_afdep;
+	uint32_t		ea_length;
+	void *			_hsocket;
+
+	wchar16_t afd_end_point[] = {
+		'\\','D','e','v','i','c','e',
+		'\\','A','f','d',
+		'\\','E','n','d','P','o','i','n','t',
+		0};
+
+	/* tcp as default extended attribute */
+	nt_afd_socket_ea afd_ea = {
+		0,
+		0,
+		0x0f,
+		0x28,
+		{'A','f','d','O','p','e','n','P','a','c','k','e','t','X','X',0},
+		0,0,
+		0x16,
+		{'\\','D','e','v','i','c','e','\\','T','c','p'},
+		{0}};
+
+	ea_length = 0x43;
+
+	__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(&nt_afdep,afd_end_point);
+
+	if (!desired_access)
+		desired_access = NT_GENERIC_READ \
+				| NT_GENERIC_WRITE \
+				| NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE \
+				| NT_SEC_WRITE_DAC;
+
+	if (!sqos) {
+		ssqos.length 			= sizeof(ssqos);
+		ssqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+		ssqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+		ssqos.effective_only		= 1;
+		sqos 				= &ssqos;
+	}
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &nt_afdep;
+	oa.obj_attr	= NT_OBJ_CASE_INSENSITIVE | NT_OBJ_INHERIT;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= sqos;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_create_file(
+			&_hsocket,
+			desired_access,
+			&oa,
+			iosb,
+			0,
+			0,
+			NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+			NT_FILE_OPEN_IF,
+			0,
+			&afd_ea,
+			ea_length)))
+		return status;
+
+	oa.obj_name = 0;
+	oa.obj_attr = 0;
+
+	if (status == NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		hssocket->hsocket	= _hsocket;
+		hssocket->ntflags	= 0;
+		hssocket->domain 	= domain;
+		hssocket->type		= type;
+		hssocket->protocol	= protocol;
+		hssocket->timeout.quad	= 0;
+		hssocket->iostatus	= NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		hssocket->waitstatus	= NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+	}
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_socket_v2.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_socket_v2.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..069c596
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_socket_v2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_file.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+typedef struct _nt_socket_attr {
+	uint32_t	datagram;
+	uint32_t	unknown;
+	uint32_t	domain;
+	uint32_t	type;
+	uint32_t	protocol;
+} nt_socket_attr;
+
+typedef struct _nt_afd_socket_ea {
+	uint32_t	next_entry_offset;
+	unsigned char	ea_flags;
+	unsigned char	ea_name_length;
+	uint16_t	ea_value_length;
+	char		afd_open_packet[16];
+	nt_socket_attr	sattr;
+	uint32_t	ea_ext[4];
+} nt_afd_socket_ea;
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_socket_v2(
+	__out	nt_socket *		hssocket,
+	__in	uint16_t		domain,
+	__in	uint16_t		type,
+	__in	uint32_t		protocol,
+	__in	uint32_t		desired_access	__optional,
+	__in	nt_sqos *		sqos		__optional,
+	__out	nt_io_status_block *	iosb		__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_object_attributes	oa;
+	nt_io_status_block	siosb;
+	nt_sqos			ssqos;
+	nt_unicode_string	nt_afdep;
+	uint32_t		ea_length;
+	void *			_hsocket;
+
+	wchar16_t afd_end_point[] = {
+		'\\','D','e','v','i','c','e',
+		'\\','A','f','d',
+		'\\','E','n','d','P','o','i','n','t',
+		0};
+
+	nt_afd_socket_ea afd_ea = {
+		0,
+		0,
+		0x0f,
+		0x20,
+		{'A','f','d','O','p','e','n','P','a','c','k','e','t','X','X',0},
+		{0},
+		{0}};
+
+	ea_length = sizeof(afd_ea);
+
+	afd_ea.sattr.domain	= domain;
+	afd_ea.sattr.type	= type;
+	afd_ea.sattr.protocol	= protocol;
+
+	afd_ea.sattr.datagram	= (type == NT_SOCK_DGRAM) ? protocol : 0;
+
+	__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(&nt_afdep,afd_end_point);
+
+	if (!desired_access)
+		desired_access = NT_GENERIC_READ \
+				| NT_GENERIC_WRITE \
+				| NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE \
+				| NT_SEC_WRITE_DAC;
+
+	if (!sqos) {
+		ssqos.length 			= sizeof(ssqos);
+		ssqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+		ssqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+		ssqos.effective_only		= 1;
+		sqos 				= &ssqos;
+	}
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &nt_afdep;
+	oa.obj_attr	= NT_OBJ_CASE_INSENSITIVE | NT_OBJ_INHERIT;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= sqos;
+
+	iosb = iosb ? iosb : &siosb;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_create_file(
+			&_hsocket,
+			desired_access,
+			&oa,
+			iosb,
+			0,
+			0,
+			NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+			NT_FILE_OPEN_IF,
+			0,
+			&afd_ea,
+			ea_length)))
+		return status;
+
+	oa.obj_name = 0;
+	oa.obj_attr = 0;
+
+	hssocket->hsocket	= _hsocket;
+	hssocket->ntflags	= 0;
+	hssocket->domain 	= domain;
+	hssocket->type		= type;
+	hssocket->protocol	= protocol;
+	hssocket->timeout.quad	= 0;
+	hssocket->iostatus	= NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+	hssocket->waitstatus	= NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/socket/ntapi_sc_wait.c b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_wait.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bfad28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/socket/ntapi_sc_wait.c
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_socket.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __cdecl __ntapi_sc_wait(nt_socket * hssocket, nt_iosb * iosb, nt_timeout * timeout)
+{
+	nt_iosb	cancel;
+
+	timeout = (timeout && timeout->quad)
+		? timeout
+		: 0;
+
+	if (hssocket->hevent && (hssocket->iostatus == NT_STATUS_PENDING)) {
+		hssocket->waitstatus = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+				hssocket->hevent,
+				!!(hssocket->ntflags & NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_ALERT),
+				timeout);
+
+		switch (hssocket->waitstatus) {
+			case NT_STATUS_SUCCESS:
+				hssocket->iostatus = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+				break;
+
+			case NT_STATUS_ALERTED:
+				hssocket->iostatus = NT_STATUS_ALERTED;
+				__ntapi->zw_cancel_io_file(
+					hssocket->hsocket,
+					&cancel);
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return hssocket->iostatus;
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43e1a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+
+uintptr_t * __cdecl __ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+	__in	uintptr_t *	dst,
+	__in	uintptr_t *	src,
+	__in	size_t		bytes)
+{
+	uintptr_t * ptr = (uintptr_t *)dst;
+
+	for (bytes/=sizeof(uintptr_t); bytes; bytes--)
+		*dst++ = *src++;
+
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+
+void * __cdecl __ntapi_tt_generic_memcpy(
+	__in	void *		dst,
+	__in	const void *	src,
+	__in	size_t		bytes)
+{
+	char *		ch_dst;
+	const char *	ch_src;
+
+	if (!bytes)
+		return dst;
+
+	else if (!(bytes % sizeof(size_t))
+			&& (!(uintptr_t)dst % sizeof(size_t))
+			&& (!(uintptr_t)src % sizeof(size_t)))
+		return __ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+			(uintptr_t *)dst,
+			(uintptr_t *)src,
+			bytes);
+
+	ch_dst = (char *)dst;
+	ch_src = (const char *)src;
+
+	for (; bytes; bytes--)
+		*ch_dst++ = *ch_src++;
+
+	return dst;
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e64360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset.c
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+
+void * __cdecl __ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset(
+	__in	void *		block,
+	__in	uintptr_t	val,
+	__in	size_t		bytes)
+{
+	uintptr_t * ptr = (uintptr_t *)block;
+
+	for (bytes/=sizeof(uintptr_t); bytes; bytes--)
+		*ptr++=val;
+
+	return block;
+}
+
+void * __cdecl __ntapi_tt_generic_memset(
+	__in	void *		dst,
+	__in	uintptr_t	val,
+	__in	size_t		bytes)
+{
+	char	c;
+	char *	ch;
+	int	i;
+	size_t	abytes;
+
+	if (!bytes)
+		return dst;
+
+	else if (!(bytes % sizeof(size_t))
+			&& (!(uintptr_t)dst % sizeof(size_t)))
+		return __ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset(
+			dst,val,bytes);
+
+	c = (char)val;
+	for (i=0; i<sizeof(size_t); i++, val <<= 8)
+		val += c;
+
+	for (ch=(char *)dst; (size_t)ch % sizeof(size_t); ch++, bytes--)
+		*ch = c;
+
+	abytes = bytes / sizeof(size_t) * sizeof(size_t);
+	__ntapi_tt_aligned_block_memset(ch,val,abytes);
+
+	bytes -= abytes;
+	ch += abytes;
+
+	for (; bytes; ch++, bytes--)
+		*ch = c;
+
+	return dst;
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2035814
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+
+wchar16_t * __cdecl __ntapi_tt_aligned_memcpy_utf16(
+	__in	uintptr_t *	dst,
+	__in	uintptr_t *	src,
+	__in	size_t		bytes)
+{
+	size_t 		aligned_block;
+	size_t		copied;
+
+	wchar16_t *	wch_src;
+	wchar16_t *	wch_dst;
+
+	#if defined (__X86_64_MODEL)
+	uint32_t *	uint32_src;
+	uint32_t *	uint32_dst;
+	#endif
+
+	aligned_block = bytes;
+	aligned_block /= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	aligned_block *= sizeof(uintptr_t);
+
+	copied = 0;
+
+	while (copied < aligned_block) {
+		*dst = *src;
+		src++;
+		dst++;
+		copied += sizeof(uintptr_t);
+	}
+
+	#if defined (__X86_64_MODEL)
+		switch (bytes % sizeof(uintptr_t)) {
+			case 6:
+				uint32_src = (uint32_t *)src;
+				uint32_dst = (uint32_t *)dst;
+				*uint32_dst = *uint32_src;
+
+				uint32_src++;
+				uint32_dst++;
+
+				/* make the compiler happy */
+				wch_src = (wchar16_t *)uint32_src;
+				wch_dst = (wchar16_t *)uint32_dst;
+				*wch_dst = *wch_src;
+				break;
+
+			case 4:
+				uint32_src = (uint32_t *)src;
+				uint32_dst = (uint32_t *)dst;
+				*uint32_dst = *uint32_src;
+				break;
+		}
+	#endif
+
+	if (bytes % sizeof(uintptr_t)) {
+		/* the remainder must be 2 */
+		wch_src = (wchar16_t *)src;
+		wch_dst = (wchar16_t *)dst;
+		*wch_dst = *wch_src;
+	}
+
+	return (wchar16_t *)dst;
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b1f354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32(
+	__in	wchar16_t	hex_key_utf16[8],
+	__out	uint32_t *	key)
+{
+	int		i;
+	unsigned char	uch[8];
+	unsigned char	ubytes[4];
+	uint32_t *	key_ret;
+
+	/* input validation */
+	i = 0;
+	do {
+		if (/* [a-f],[[A-F],[0-9] */
+			((hex_key_utf16[i] >= 'a') && (hex_key_utf16[i] <= 'f'))
+			|| ((hex_key_utf16[i] >= 'A') && (hex_key_utf16[i] <= 'F'))
+			|| ((hex_key_utf16[i] >= '0') && (hex_key_utf16[i] <= '9')))
+			/* valid hex character */
+			i++;
+		else
+			return NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+	} while (i < 8);
+
+	/* intermediate step: little endian byte order */
+	uch[0] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[6];
+	uch[1] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[7];
+	uch[2] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[4];
+	uch[3] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[5];
+	uch[4] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[2];
+	uch[5] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[3];
+	uch[6] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[0];
+	uch[7] = (unsigned char)hex_key_utf16[1];
+
+	for (i=0; i<8; i++) {
+		/* 'a' > 'A' > '0' */
+		if (uch[i] >= 'a')
+			uch[i] -= ('a' - 0x0a);
+		else if (uch[i] >= 'A')
+			uch[i] -= ('A' - 0x0a);
+		else
+			uch[i] -= '0';
+	}
+
+	ubytes[0] = uch[0] * 0x10 + uch[1];
+	ubytes[1] = uch[2] * 0x10 + uch[3];
+	ubytes[2] = uch[4] * 0x10 + uch[5];
+	ubytes[3] = uch[6] * 0x10 + uch[7];
+
+	key_ret = (uint32_t *)ubytes;
+	*key = *key_ret;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint64(
+	__in	wchar16_t	hex_key_utf16[16],
+	__out	uint64_t *	key)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	uint32_t	x64_key[2];
+	uint64_t *	key_ret;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32(
+			&hex_key_utf16[0],
+			&x64_key[1]);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	status = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32(
+			&hex_key_utf16[8],
+			&x64_key[0]);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	key_ret = (uint64_t *)x64_key;
+	*key = *key_ret;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uintptr(
+	__in	wchar16_t	hex_key_utf16[],
+	__out	uintptr_t *	key)
+{
+	#if defined (__NT32)
+		return __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32(hex_key_utf16,key);
+	#elif defined (__NT64)
+		return __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint64(hex_key_utf16,key);
+	#endif
+}
+
+
+int32_t __fastcall __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint16(
+	__in	wchar16_t	hex_key_utf16[4],
+	__out	uint16_t *	key)
+{
+	int32_t		ret;
+	uint32_t	dword_key;
+	wchar16_t	hex_buf[8] = {'0','0','0','0'};
+
+	hex_buf[4] = hex_key_utf16[0];
+	hex_buf[5] = hex_key_utf16[1];
+	hex_buf[6] = hex_key_utf16[2];
+	hex_buf[7] = hex_key_utf16[3];
+
+	ret = __ntapi_tt_hex_utf16_to_uint32(hex_buf,&dword_key);
+
+	if (ret == NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		*key = (uint16_t)dword_key;
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96673b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+void __ntapi_tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16(
+    __out 	nt_unicode_string *	str_dest,
+    __in	wchar16_t *		str_src)
+{
+	if ((intptr_t)str_src) {
+		str_dest->strlen = (uint16_t)__ntapi->tt_string_null_offset_short((const int16_t *)str_src);
+		str_dest->maxlen = str_dest->strlen + sizeof(uint16_t);
+		str_dest->buffer = (uint16_t *)str_src;
+	} else {
+		str_dest->strlen = 0;
+		str_dest->maxlen = 0;
+		str_dest->buffer = (uint16_t *)0;
+	}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_memcpy_utf16.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_memcpy_utf16.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a2b7af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_memcpy_utf16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+
+wchar16_t * __cdecl __ntapi_tt_memcpy_utf16(
+	__in	wchar16_t *	dst,
+	__in	wchar16_t *	src,
+	__in	size_t		bytes)
+{
+	wchar16_t *	wch_cap;
+	wchar16_t *	wch_ret;
+
+	wch_cap = (wchar16_t *)((uintptr_t)src + bytes);
+	wch_ret = dst;
+
+	while (src < wch_cap) {
+		*dst = *src;
+		src++;
+		dst++;
+	}
+
+	return wch_ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_string_null_offset.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_string_null_offset.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3565acb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_string_null_offset.c
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+size_t __cdecl __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_multibyte(
+	__in	const char *	str)
+{
+	const char *		cap;
+	const uintptr_t *	ptr;
+
+	#define HIGH_BIT_TEST	(uintptr_t)0x0101010101010101
+	#define	AND_BITS	(uintptr_t)0x8080808080808080
+
+	cap = str;
+	while ((uintptr_t)cap % sizeof(uintptr_t)) {
+		if (!(*cap))
+			return cap - str;
+		cap++;
+	}
+
+	ptr = (uintptr_t *)cap;
+	while (!((*ptr - HIGH_BIT_TEST) & ~(*ptr) & AND_BITS))
+		ptr++;
+
+	cap = (const char *)ptr;
+	while (*cap)
+		cap++;
+
+	return cap - str;
+}
+
+
+size_t __cdecl __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_short(
+	__in	const int16_t *	str)
+{
+	const int16_t *	cap;
+
+	cap = str;
+	while (*cap)
+		cap++;
+
+	return (size_t)cap - (size_t)str;
+}
+
+
+size_t __cdecl __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_dword(
+	__in	const int32_t *	str)
+{
+	const int32_t *	cap;
+
+	cap = str;
+	while (*cap)
+		cap++;
+
+	return (size_t)cap - (size_t)str;
+}
+
+size_t __cdecl __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_qword(
+	__in	const int64_t *	str)
+{
+	const int64_t *	cap;
+
+	cap = str;
+	while (*cap)
+		cap++;
+
+	return (size_t)cap - (size_t)str;
+}
+
+size_t __cdecl __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_ptrsize(
+	__in	const intptr_t *str)
+{
+	const intptr_t * cap;
+
+	cap = str;
+	while (*cap)
+		cap++;
+
+	return (size_t)cap - (size_t)str;
+}
+
+size_t __cdecl __ntapi_wcslen(const wchar16_t * str)
+{
+	size_t len;
+	len = __ntapi_tt_string_null_offset_short((const int16_t *)str);
+	return len / 2;
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59e063f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+
+static void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf16(
+	__in	uint64_t	key,
+	__out	wchar16_t *	buffer,
+	__in	unsigned	bits)
+{
+	unsigned	i;
+	uint32_t	hex_buf[4];
+	unsigned char *	hex_chars;
+	unsigned char *	uch;
+	unsigned	offset;
+	unsigned	bytes;
+
+	hex_buf[0] = ('3' << 24) | ('2' << 16) | ('1' << 8) | '0';
+	hex_buf[1] = ('7' << 24) | ('6' << 16) | ('5' << 8) | '4';
+	hex_buf[2] = ('b' << 24) | ('a' << 16) | ('9' << 8) | '8';
+	hex_buf[3] = ('f' << 24) | ('e' << 16) | ('d' << 8) | 'c';
+
+	uch = (unsigned char *)&key;
+	hex_chars = (unsigned char *)&hex_buf;
+
+	bytes  = bits / 8;
+	offset = bits / 4;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < bytes; i++) {
+		buffer[offset - 1 - (i*2)] =	hex_chars[uch[i] % 16];
+		buffer[offset - 2 - (i*2)] =	hex_chars[uch[i] / 16];
+	}
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf16(
+	__in	uint32_t	key,
+	__out	wchar16_t *	formatted_key)
+{
+	__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,
+		formatted_key,
+		16);
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf16(
+	__in	uint32_t	key,
+	__out	wchar16_t *	formatted_key)
+{
+	__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,
+		formatted_key,
+		32);
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf16(
+	__in	uint64_t	key,
+	__out	wchar16_t *	formatted_key)
+{
+	__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf16(
+		key,
+		formatted_key,
+		64);
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf16(
+	__in	uintptr_t	key,
+	__out	wchar16_t *	formatted_key)
+{
+	#if defined (__NT32)
+		__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf16(
+			key,
+			formatted_key,
+			32);
+	#elif defined (__NT64)
+		__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf16(
+			key,
+			formatted_key,
+			64);
+	#endif
+}
diff --git a/src/string/ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8.c b/src/string/ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1e3141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/string/ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+
+static void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf8(
+	__in	uint64_t	key,
+	__out	unsigned char *	buffer,
+	__in	unsigned	bits)
+{
+	unsigned	i;
+	uint32_t	hex_buf[4];
+	unsigned char *	hex_chars;
+	unsigned char *	uch;
+	unsigned	offset;
+	unsigned	bytes;
+
+	/* avoid using .rdata for that one */
+	hex_buf[0] = ('3' << 24) | ('2' << 16) | ('1' << 8) | '0';
+	hex_buf[1] = ('7' << 24) | ('6' << 16) | ('5' << 8) | '4';
+	hex_buf[2] = ('B' << 24) | ('A' << 16) | ('9' << 8) | '8';
+	hex_buf[3] = ('F' << 24) | ('E' << 16) | ('D' << 8) | 'C';
+
+	uch = (unsigned char *)&key;
+	hex_chars = (unsigned char *)&hex_buf;
+
+	bytes  = bits / 8;
+	offset = bits / 4;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < bytes; i++) {
+		buffer[offset - 1 - (i*2)] =	hex_chars[uch[i] % 16];
+		buffer[offset - 2 - (i*2)] =	hex_chars[uch[i] / 16];
+	}
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint16_to_hex_utf8(
+	__in	uint32_t	key,
+	__out	unsigned char *	buffer)
+{
+	__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf8(key,buffer,16);
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint32_to_hex_utf8(
+	__in	uint32_t	key,
+	__out	unsigned char *	buffer)
+{
+	__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf8(key,buffer,32);
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uint64_to_hex_utf8(
+	__in	uint64_t	key,
+	__out	unsigned char *	buffer)
+{
+	__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf8(key,buffer,64);
+}
+
+
+void __fastcall __ntapi_tt_uintptr_to_hex_utf8(
+	__in	uintptr_t	key,
+	__out	unsigned char *	buffer)
+{
+	#if defined (__NT32)
+		__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf8(key,buffer,32);
+	#elif defined (__NT64)
+		__ntapi_tt_uint_to_hex_utf8(key,buffer,64);
+	#endif
+}
diff --git a/src/sync/ntapi_tt_create_event.c b/src/sync/ntapi_tt_create_event.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d81938
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sync/ntapi_tt_create_event.c
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+static int32_t __cdecl __tt_create_event(
+	__out	void **		hevent,
+	__in 	nt_event_type	event_type,
+	__in 	int32_t		initial_state,
+	__in	uint32_t	obj_attr)
+{
+	int32_t	status;
+	nt_sqos	sqos;
+	nt_oa	oa;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!hevent)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	/* security structure */
+	sqos.length 			= sizeof(sqos);
+	sqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+	sqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+	sqos.effective_only		= 1;
+
+	/* object attributes */
+	oa.len		= sizeof(nt_object_attributes);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= (nt_unicode_string *)0;
+	oa.obj_attr	= obj_attr;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_create_event(
+		hevent,
+		NT_EVENT_ALL_ACCESS,
+		&oa,
+		event_type,
+		initial_state);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_inheritable_event(
+	__out	void **		hevent,
+	__in 	nt_event_type	event_type,
+	__in 	int32_t		initial_state)
+{
+	return __tt_create_event(
+		hevent,
+		event_type,
+		initial_state,
+		NT_OBJ_INHERIT);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_private_event(
+	__out	void **		hevent,
+	__in 	nt_event_type	event_type,
+	__in 	int32_t		initial_state)
+{
+	return __tt_create_event(
+		hevent,
+		event_type,
+		initial_state,
+		0);
+}
diff --git a/src/sync/ntapi_tt_sync_block.c b/src/sync/ntapi_tt_sync_block.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e52dd77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sync/ntapi_tt_sync_block.c
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+void __stdcall __ntapi_tt_sync_block_init(
+	__in	nt_sync_block *	sync_block,
+	__in	uint32_t	flags			__optional,
+	__in	int32_t		srvtid			__optional,
+	__in	int32_t		default_lock_tries	__optional,
+	__in	int64_t		default_lock_wait	__optional,
+	__in	void *		hsignal			__optional)
+{
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		sync_block,
+		0,sizeof(*sync_block));
+
+	sync_block->lock_tries = default_lock_tries
+		? default_lock_tries
+		: __NT_SYNC_BLOCK_LOCK_TRIES;
+
+	sync_block->lock_wait.quad = default_lock_wait
+		? default_lock_wait
+		: (-1);
+
+	sync_block->flags   = flags;
+	sync_block->srvtid  = srvtid;
+	sync_block->hsignal = hsignal;
+
+	return;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_sync_block_lock(
+	__in	nt_sync_block *	sync_block,
+	__in	int32_t		lock_tries	__optional,
+	__in	int64_t		lock_wait	__optional,
+	__in	uint32_t *	sig_flag	__optional)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	int32_t		tid;
+	intptr_t	lock;
+	void *		hwait[2];
+	nt_timeout	timeout;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (sync_block->invalid)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	/* already owned? */
+	tid = pe_get_current_thread_id();
+	if (sync_block->tid == tid) return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+	/* yield to server? */
+	if ((sync_block->flags & NT_SYNC_BLOCK_YIELD_TO_SERVER) && (tid != sync_block->srvtid)) {
+		hwait[0] = sync_block->hserver;
+		hwait[1] = sync_block->hsignal;
+
+		/* signal support */
+		if (sig_flag && *sig_flag)
+			return NT_STATUS_ALERTED;
+
+		/* wait */
+		status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_multiple_objects(
+			2,
+			hwait,
+			NT_WAIT_ANY,
+			NT_SYNC_NON_ALERTABLE,
+			(nt_timeout *)0);
+
+		/* signal support */
+		if (sig_flag && *sig_flag)
+			return NT_STATUS_ALERTED;
+	}
+
+	/* first try */
+	lock = at_locked_cas_32(&sync_block->tid,0,tid);
+	if (lock && !--lock_tries) return NT_STATUS_NOT_LOCKED;
+
+	/* first-time contended case? */
+	if (lock && !sync_block->hwait) {
+		status = __ntapi->tt_create_inheritable_event(
+			&hwait[0],
+			NT_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+			NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED);
+
+		if (status) return status;
+
+		lock = at_locked_cas(
+			(intptr_t *)&sync_block->hwait,
+			0,(intptr_t)hwait);
+
+		if (lock)
+			__ntapi->zw_close(hwait);
+
+		/* try again without a wait */
+		lock = at_locked_cas_32(&sync_block->tid,0,tid);
+	}
+
+	/* contended case? */
+	if (lock) {
+		hwait[0] = sync_block->hwait;
+		hwait[1] = sync_block->hsignal;
+
+		lock_tries = lock_tries
+			? lock_tries
+			: sync_block->lock_tries;
+
+		timeout.quad = lock_wait
+			? lock_wait
+			: sync_block->lock_wait.quad;
+
+		for (; lock && lock_tries; lock_tries--) {
+			/* signal support */
+			if (sig_flag && *sig_flag)
+				return NT_STATUS_ALERTED;
+
+			/* wait */
+			status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_multiple_objects(
+				2,
+				&sync_block->hwait,
+				NT_WAIT_ANY,
+				NT_SYNC_NON_ALERTABLE,
+				&timeout);
+
+			/* check status */
+			if ((status != NT_STATUS_TIMEOUT) && ((uint32_t)status >= NT_STATUS_WAIT_CAP))
+				return status;
+
+			/* signal support */
+			if (sig_flag && *sig_flag)
+				return NT_STATUS_ALERTED;
+
+			/* try again */
+			lock = at_locked_cas_32(&sync_block->tid,0,tid);
+		};
+	}
+
+	if (lock) return NT_STATUS_NOT_LOCKED;
+
+	/* shared section support */
+	sync_block->pid = pe_get_current_process_id();
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_sync_block_server_lock(
+	__in	nt_sync_block *	sync_block,
+	__in	int32_t		lock_tries	__optional,
+	__in	int64_t		lock_wait	__optional,
+	__in	uint32_t *	sig_flag	__optional)
+{
+	int32_t status;
+
+	/* validation */
+	 if (sync_block->invalid)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	else if (sync_block->srvtid != pe_get_current_thread_id())
+		return NT_STATUS_RESOURCE_NOT_OWNED;
+
+	/* try once without yield request */
+	status = __ntapi_tt_sync_block_lock(
+		sync_block,
+		1,
+		lock_wait,
+		sig_flag);
+
+	if (status == NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* hserver */
+	if (!sync_block->hserver) {
+		status = __ntapi->tt_create_inheritable_event(
+			&sync_block->hserver,
+			NT_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+			NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED);
+
+		if (status) return status;
+	} else {
+		status = __ntapi->zw_reset_event(
+			&sync_block->hserver,
+			(int32_t *)0);
+
+		if (status) return status;
+	}
+
+	/* yield request: set */
+	sync_block->flags |= NT_SYNC_BLOCK_YIELD_TO_SERVER;
+
+	/* try again */
+	status = __ntapi_tt_sync_block_lock(
+		sync_block,
+		lock_tries,
+		lock_wait,
+		sig_flag);
+
+	/* yield request: unset */
+	sync_block->flags ^= NT_SYNC_BLOCK_YIELD_TO_SERVER;
+
+	__ntapi->zw_set_event(
+		sync_block->hserver,
+		(int32_t *)0);
+
+	/* (locking not guaranteed) */
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_sync_block_unlock(
+	__in	nt_sync_block *	sync_block)
+{
+	int64_t cmp;
+
+	if (sync_block->invalid)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	cmp = (int64_t)(pe_get_current_process_id()) << 32;
+	cmp += pe_get_current_thread_id();
+
+	if (cmp != at_locked_cas_64(
+			(int64_t *)&sync_block->tid,
+			cmp,0))
+		return NT_STATUS_RESOURCE_NOT_OWNED;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+void __stdcall __ntapi_tt_sync_block_validate(
+	__in	nt_sync_block *	sync_block)
+{
+	at_store_32(&sync_block->invalid,0);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_sync_block_invalidate(
+	__in	nt_sync_block *	sync_block)
+{
+	int32_t invalid;
+
+	if (!sync_block)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	invalid = at_locked_cas_32(
+		&sync_block->invalid,
+		0,
+		1);
+
+	if (invalid)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_sync_block_discard(
+	__in	nt_sync_block *	sync_block)
+{
+	if (!sync_block)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	if (sync_block->hwait)
+		__ntapi->zw_close(sync_block->hwait);
+
+	if (sync_block->hserver)
+		__ntapi->zw_close(sync_block->hserver);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(sync_block,-1,sizeof(*sync_block));
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/sync/ntapi_tt_wait_for_dummy_event.c b/src/sync/ntapi_tt_wait_for_dummy_event.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7680c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/sync/ntapi_tt_wait_for_dummy_event.c
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sync.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_wait_for_dummy_event(void)
+{
+	/* wait forever without setting a break point and without spinning */
+
+	int32_t		status;
+	void * 		hevent;
+
+	status = __ntapi->tt_create_inheritable_event(
+			&hevent,
+			NT_NOTIFICATION_EVENT,
+			NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	return __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(hevent,0,0);
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic.c b/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f38067
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+/************************************************************/
+/* beginning with version 6.0, explicit thread registration */
+/* with csrss is no longer required.  the code below should */
+/* work with all known versions of NT, however it will only */
+/* be used when run on the now-obsolete versions of the OS. */
+/************************************************************/
+
+/**
+   Nebbett was pretty much right in his interpretation of
+   the csrss port message; and as long as one changes
+   uint32_t to uintptr_t (especially when it comes to the
+   unknown parameters), then the structures behave as
+   expected according to his book.
+
+   SysInternals: ProcessExplorer: csrss.exe: the stack shows
+   a thread in csrsrv.dll that has CsrUnhandledExceptionFilter
+   as its start address, and ntdll!NtReplyWaitReceivePort as
+   its next function call.  This suggests that csrss still
+   uses LPC (at least to some extent) for communication with
+   user processes.
+
+   Given the above, we may deduce that CsrClientCallServer
+   contains a call to ZwRequestWaitReplyPort.  Assuming
+   the machine code in ntdll is as optimized as possible,
+   we may then conclude that on x86 machines, this would be
+   an E8 call using relative 32-bit addressing on both NT32
+   and NT64.
+
+   On the 32-bit variant of the operating system, the first
+   argument is passed on the stack, and is normally expressed
+   in terms of an offset from the ds register.
+
+   On the 64-bit variant of the operating system, the first
+   argument is passed in the rcx register.  Here, again,
+   machine code optimization suggests that the address of
+   CsrPortHandle will be provided as a 32-bit relative address,
+   or else the code will be larger by several bytes.
+
+   The rest is based on simple logic and straight-forward
+   heuristics.  Since we know the addresses of CsrClientCallSertver
+   and ZwRequestWaitReplyPort, we first find the call to the latter
+   function within the former.  Once we have found that call, we
+   start going back to look for the argument-passing
+   opcode, and finally do the math to obtain the address of
+   CsrPortHandle.
+**/
+
+
+#if defined(__X86_MODEL)
+void ** __cdecl __ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic_i386(void)
+{
+	#define MAX_BYTES_BETWEEN_ARG1_PUSH_AND_E8_CALL 0x20
+	#define MAX_FN_BYTES_TO_TEST			0x800
+
+	typedef struct __attr_aligned__ (1) __attr_packed__ __x86_e8_call_signature {
+		unsigned char	__opcode_current_e8;
+		unsigned char	__addr_relative[4];
+		unsigned char	__opcode_next_any;
+	} _x86_e8_call_signature;
+
+	typedef struct __attr_aligned__ (1) __attr_packed__ __x86_push_ds_signature {
+		unsigned char	__push;
+		unsigned char	__ds;
+		unsigned char	__push_ds_arg;
+	} _x86_push_ds_signature;
+
+	unsigned char *			ptr_test;
+	_x86_e8_call_signature *	ptr_e8_call;
+	_x86_push_ds_signature *	ptr_push_ds;
+	int32_t				offset;
+
+	/* type-punned tyrants */
+	int32_t *			prelative;
+	int32_t				relative;
+	uintptr_t *			pport_addr;
+
+
+	/* calling a function within the same library: assume E8 call */
+	for (offset = 0; offset < MAX_FN_BYTES_TO_TEST; offset++) {
+		ptr_test = (unsigned char *)__ntapi->csr_client_call_server
+				+ offset;
+
+		if (*ptr_test == 0xE8) {
+			ptr_e8_call = (_x86_e8_call_signature *)ptr_test;
+
+			/* make our type-punned tyrant compiler happy */
+			prelative = (int32_t *)&(ptr_e8_call->__addr_relative);
+			relative = *prelative;
+
+			/* are we calling ZwRequestWaitReplyPort? */
+			if ((uintptr_t)(__ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port) ==
+					(uintptr_t)&(ptr_e8_call->__opcode_next_any)
+					+ relative) {
+				/* assume ds relative address for arg1, go back to find it */
+				for (offset = 0; offset < MAX_BYTES_BETWEEN_ARG1_PUSH_AND_E8_CALL; offset++) {
+					ptr_push_ds = (_x86_push_ds_signature *)((uintptr_t)ptr_e8_call - offset);
+
+					if ((ptr_push_ds->__push == 0xFF) &&
+							(ptr_push_ds->__ds == 0x35)) {
+						/* bingo */
+						/* make our type-punned tyrant compiler happy */
+						pport_addr = (uintptr_t *)&(ptr_push_ds->__push_ds_arg);
+
+						/* all done */
+						return *(void ***)pport_addr;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* CsrPortHandle not found */
+	return (void **)0;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(__X86_64_MODEL)
+void ** __ntapi_tt_get_csr_port_handle_addr_by_logic_x86_64(void)
+{
+	#define MAX_BYTES_BETWEEN_ARG1_PUSH_AND_E8_CALL 0x20
+	#define MAX_FN_BYTES_TO_TEST			0x800
+
+	typedef struct __attr_aligned__ (1) __attr_packed__ __x86_e8_call_signature {
+		unsigned char	__opcode_current_e8;
+		unsigned char	__addr_relative[4];
+		unsigned char	__opcode_next_any;
+	} _x86_e8_call_signature;
+
+	typedef struct __attr_aligned__ (1) __attr_packed__ __x86_move_rcx_rel_signature {
+		unsigned char	__move;
+		unsigned char	__rcx;
+		unsigned char	__relative;
+		unsigned char	__arg_32_relative[4];
+		unsigned char	__opcode_next_any;
+	} _x86_move_rcx_rel_signature;
+
+	unsigned char *			ptr_test;
+	_x86_e8_call_signature *	ptr_e8_call;
+	_x86_move_rcx_rel_signature *	ptr_move_rcx_rel;
+	int32_t				offset;
+	int32_t				relative;
+	int32_t *			prelative; /* for type-punned tyrants */
+
+
+	/* calling a function within the same library: assume E8 call and 32-bit relative addressing */
+	for (offset = 0; offset < MAX_FN_BYTES_TO_TEST; offset++) {
+		ptr_test = (unsigned char *)__ntapi->csr_client_call_server
+				+ offset;
+
+		if (*ptr_test == 0xE8) {
+			ptr_e8_call = (_x86_e8_call_signature *)ptr_test;
+
+			/* please our type-punned tyrant compiler */
+			prelative = (int32_t *)&(ptr_e8_call->__addr_relative);
+			relative = *prelative;
+
+			/* are we calling ZwRequestWaitReplyPort? */
+			/* comparing, not writing; ignore type-punned msgs. */
+			if ((uintptr_t)(__ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port) ==
+					(uintptr_t)&(ptr_e8_call->__opcode_next_any)
+					+ relative) {
+				/* arg1 must be passed in rcx, so go back to find it */
+				for (offset = 0; offset < MAX_BYTES_BETWEEN_ARG1_PUSH_AND_E8_CALL; offset++) {
+					ptr_move_rcx_rel = (_x86_move_rcx_rel_signature *)((uintptr_t)ptr_e8_call - offset);
+
+					if ((ptr_move_rcx_rel->__move == 0x48) &&
+							(ptr_move_rcx_rel->__rcx == 0x8b) &&
+							(ptr_move_rcx_rel->__relative == 0x0d))
+						/* bingo */
+						/* make our type-punned tyrant compiler happy */
+						prelative = (int32_t *)&(ptr_move_rcx_rel->__arg_32_relative);
+						relative  = *prelative;
+
+						/* all done */
+						return (void **)(
+							(uintptr_t)&ptr_move_rcx_rel->__opcode_next_any
+							+ relative);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* CsrPortHandle not found */
+	return (void **)0;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_system_directory.c b/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_system_directory.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28b9745
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_system_directory.c
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sysinfo.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_atomic.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_native_path(
+	__out	nt_mem_sec_name *	buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		base_name,
+	__in	uint32_t		base_name_size,
+	__out	nt_unicode_string *	nt_path		__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	wchar16_t *		wch_src;
+	wchar16_t *		wch_dst;
+	wchar16_t *		wch_cap;
+	size_t			maxlen_saved;
+	size_t			info_size;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!buffer || !buffer_size)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+	else if (base_name && !base_name_size)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+
+	/* init buffer */
+	buffer->section_name.strlen = 0;
+	buffer->section_name.maxlen = (uint16_t)(buffer_size - sizeof(nt_unicode_string));
+	buffer->section_name.buffer = buffer->section_name_buffer;
+
+	maxlen_saved = buffer->section_name.maxlen;
+	info_size    = 0;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		pe_get_ntdll_module_handle(),
+		NT_MEMORY_SECTION_NAME,
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		&info_size);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* find directory portion */
+	wch_dst = buffer->section_name.buffer + (buffer->section_name.strlen / sizeof(wchar16_t));
+	wch_dst--;
+
+	while ((*wch_dst != '\\') && (wch_dst > buffer->section_name.buffer))
+		wch_dst--;
+
+	if (wch_dst == buffer->section_name.buffer)
+		return NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+
+	/* base_name */
+	if (base_name) {
+		wch_dst++;
+		wch_src	= base_name;
+		wch_cap = (wchar16_t *)((uintptr_t)wch_dst + base_name_size);
+
+		if ((uintptr_t)wch_cap - (uintptr_t)(buffer->section_name.buffer) > maxlen_saved)
+			return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+		while (wch_dst < wch_cap) {
+			*wch_dst = *wch_src;
+			wch_dst++;
+			wch_src++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* null termination */
+	*wch_dst = 0;
+
+	/* nt_path */
+	if (nt_path)
+		__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(
+			nt_path,
+			buffer->section_name.buffer);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_handle(
+	__out	void **			hsysdir,
+	__out	nt_mem_sec_name *	buffer		__optional,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size	__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_oa			oa;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	nt_unicode_string	path;
+	char			_buffer[256];
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!hsysdir)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_1;
+	else if (buffer_size && buffer_size < 0x20)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	/* buffer */
+	if (!buffer) {
+		buffer		= (nt_mem_sec_name *)_buffer;
+		buffer_size	= sizeof(_buffer);
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(buffer,0,sizeof(buffer));
+	}
+
+	/* sysdir path */
+	status = __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_native_path(
+		buffer,
+		buffer_size,
+		(wchar16_t *)0,
+		0,
+		&path);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* oa */
+	oa.len = sizeof(nt_oa);
+	oa.root_dir = (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name = &path;
+	oa.obj_attr = 0;
+	oa.sec_desc = 0;
+	oa.sec_qos = 0;
+
+	/* open file/folder */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_open_file(
+		hsysdir,
+		NT_SEC_SYNCHRONIZE | NT_FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | NT_FILE_READ_ACCESS,
+		&oa,
+		&iosb,
+		NT_FILE_SHARE_READ | NT_FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
+		NT_FILE_DIRECTORY_FILE | NT_FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_ALERT);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_dos_path(
+	__in	void *			hsysdir		__optional,
+	__out	wchar16_t *		buffer,
+	__in	uint32_t		buffer_size,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		base_name,
+	__in	uint32_t		base_name_size,
+	__out	nt_unicode_string *	nt_path		__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_statfs		statfs;
+	wchar16_t *		wch;
+	wchar16_t *		wch_src;
+	wchar16_t *		wch_cap;
+	nt_iosb			iosb;
+	nt_fni *		fni;
+	uint32_t		fni_length;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!buffer)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_2;
+
+	/* hsysdir */
+	if (!hsysdir) {
+		status = __ntapi_tt_get_system_directory_handle(
+			&hsysdir,
+			(nt_mem_sec_name *)buffer,
+			buffer_size);
+
+		if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+			return status;
+	}
+
+	/* statfs */
+	status = __ntapi->tt_statfs(
+			hsysdir,
+			(void *)0,
+			(nt_unicode_string *)0,
+			&statfs,
+			(uintptr_t *)buffer,
+			buffer_size,
+			NT_STATFS_DOS_DRIVE_LETTER);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* dos path name (always shorter than the native path, so buffer_size must be ok) */
+	wch = buffer;
+	*wch = '\\'; wch++;
+	*wch = '?';  wch++;
+	*wch = '?';  wch++;
+	*wch = '\\'; wch++;
+	*wch = statfs.nt_drive_letter; wch++;
+	*wch = ':';  wch++;
+
+	/* alignment */
+	fni  = (nt_fni *)((uintptr_t)buffer + 0x10);
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_query_information_file(
+		hsysdir,
+		&iosb,
+		fni,
+		buffer_size - 8 * sizeof(wchar16_t),
+		NT_FILE_NAME_INFORMATION);
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		return status;
+
+	/* fni->file_name_length: save */
+	fni_length = fni->file_name_length;
+
+	/* overwrite */
+	wch_src  = fni->file_name;
+	wch_cap  = (wchar16_t *)((uintptr_t)wch_src + fni_length);
+
+	while (wch_src < wch_cap) {
+		*wch = *wch_src;
+		wch++;
+		wch_src++;
+	}
+
+	/* ultimate path separator */
+	*wch = '\\'; wch++;
+
+	/* base_name */
+	if (base_name) {
+		wch_src	= base_name;
+		wch_cap = (wchar16_t *)((uintptr_t)wch + base_name_size);
+
+		if ((uintptr_t)wch_cap - (uintptr_t)buffer - sizeof(wchar16_t) > buffer_size)
+			return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+		while (wch < wch_cap) {
+			*wch = *wch_src;
+			wch++;
+			wch_src++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* null termination */
+	*wch = 0;
+
+	/* nt_path */
+	if (nt_path)
+		__ntapi->rtl_init_unicode_string(
+			nt_path,
+			buffer);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_system_info_snapshot.c b/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_system_info_snapshot.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfe2978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/system/ntapi_tt_get_system_info_snapshot.c
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_sysinfo.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_get_system_info_snapshot(
+	__in_out nt_system_information_snapshot * sys_info_snapshot)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+
+	/* pre-allocated buffer? */
+	if (sys_info_snapshot->buffer)
+		status = __ntapi->zw_query_system_information(
+			sys_info_snapshot->sys_info_class,
+			sys_info_snapshot->buffer,
+			sys_info_snapshot->max_len,
+			&sys_info_snapshot->info_len);
+	else {
+		/* set initial buffer size */
+		sys_info_snapshot->max_len = NT_ALLOCATION_GRANULARITY;
+
+		/* allocate initial buffer */
+		status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+			NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+			(void **)&sys_info_snapshot->buffer,
+			0,
+			&sys_info_snapshot->max_len,
+			NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+			NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+		/* verification */
+		if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+			return status;
+
+		/* loop until buffer is large enough to satisfy the system */
+		while ((status = __ntapi->zw_query_system_information(
+					sys_info_snapshot->sys_info_class,
+					sys_info_snapshot->buffer,
+					sys_info_snapshot->max_len,
+					&sys_info_snapshot->info_len))
+				== NT_STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH) {
+
+			/* free previously allocated memory */
+			status = __ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+					NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+					(void **)&sys_info_snapshot->buffer,
+					&sys_info_snapshot->max_len,
+					NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+
+			/* verification */
+			if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+				return status;
+
+			/* reset buffer and increase buffer size */
+			sys_info_snapshot->buffer = (nt_system_information_buffer *)0;
+			sys_info_snapshot->max_len += NT_ALLOCATION_GRANULARITY;
+
+			/* reallocate buffer memory */
+			status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+					NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+					(void **)&sys_info_snapshot->buffer,
+					0,
+					&sys_info_snapshot->max_len,
+					NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+					NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+			/* verification */
+			if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+				return status;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* verification */
+	if (status == NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		sys_info_snapshot->pcurrent = &sys_info_snapshot->buffer->mark;
+		return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+	} else {
+		sys_info_snapshot->pcurrent = (void *)0;
+		return status;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/thread/ntapi_tt_create_thread.c b/src/thread/ntapi_tt_create_thread.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fbe68f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/thread/ntapi_tt_create_thread.c
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <pemagine/pemagine.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_memory.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_thread.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_process.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+/* (no planned support of alpha processors, use constant values) */
+#define __PAGE_SIZE 		0x001000
+#define __GRANULARITY		0x010000
+#define __RESERVE_ROUND_UP	0x100000
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __create_thread_fail(
+	void *	hprocess,
+	void *	stack_bottom,
+	size_t	stack_size,
+	int32_t status)
+{
+	__ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+		hprocess,
+		&stack_bottom,
+		&stack_size,
+		NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+	return status;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_thread(
+	__in_out	nt_thread_params *	params)
+{
+	int32_t				status;
+	ntapi_internals *		__internals;
+
+	nt_client_id			cid;
+	nt_port_message_csrss_process	csrss_msg;
+	nt_port_message_csrss_process *	csrss_msg_1st;
+	nt_port_message_csrss_thread *	csrss_msg_any;
+
+	void *			stack_system_limit;
+	uint32_t		protect_type_old;
+
+	nt_user_stack		stack;
+	nt_thread_context 	context;
+	uintptr_t		fsuspended;
+	uintptr_t *		parg;
+
+	if (!(params->stack_size_commit))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	else if (!(params->stack_size_reserve))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	else if (params->ext_ctx_size > __NT_INTERNAL_PAGE_SIZE)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	else if (params->ext_ctx_size % sizeof(intptr_t))
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	else if (params->arg && params->ext_ctx)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+	else if (params->ext_ctx && !params->ext_ctx_size)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER_MIX;
+
+	/* init */
+	__internals  = __ntapi_internals();
+	params->stack_size_commit  = __NT_ROUND_UP_TO_POWER_OF_2(params->stack_size_commit+params->ext_ctx_size, __PAGE_SIZE);
+	params->stack_size_reserve = __NT_ROUND_UP_TO_POWER_OF_2(params->stack_size_reserve,__GRANULARITY);
+
+	/* compare, round-up as needed */
+	if (params->stack_size_commit >= params->stack_size_reserve)
+		params->stack_size_reserve = __NT_ROUND_UP_TO_POWER_OF_2(params->stack_size_commit,__RESERVE_ROUND_UP);
+
+	/**
+	  *
+	  *  --------- BASE ----------
+	  *
+	  *  ---- (COMMITED AREA) ----
+	  *
+	  *  --------- LIMIT ---------
+	  *
+	  *  ------ GUARD PAGE -------
+	  *
+	  *  ------ ACTUAL LIMIT -----
+	  *
+	  *  ---- (RESERVED AREA) ----
+	  *
+	  *  -------- BOTTOM ---------
+	  *
+	**/
+
+	/* stack structure: unused fields */
+	stack.fixed_stack_base  = (void *)0;
+	stack.fixed_stack_limit = (void *)0;
+
+	/* first we reserve */
+	stack.expandable_stack_bottom = (void *)0;
+	status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		params->hprocess,
+		&stack.expandable_stack_bottom,
+		params->stack_zero_bits,
+		&params->stack_size_reserve,
+		NT_MEM_RESERVE,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* calculate base and limit */
+	stack.expandable_stack_base =
+		(void *)((intptr_t)stack.expandable_stack_bottom
+			+ params->stack_size_reserve);
+
+	stack.expandable_stack_limit =
+		(void *)((intptr_t)stack.expandable_stack_base
+			- params->stack_size_commit);
+
+	/* guard page */
+	params->stack_size_commit += __PAGE_SIZE;
+	stack_system_limit =
+		(void *)((intptr_t)stack.expandable_stack_base
+			- params->stack_size_commit);
+
+	/* then we commit */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		params->hprocess,
+		&stack_system_limit,
+		0,
+		&params->stack_size_commit,
+		NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (status) return __create_thread_fail(
+		params->hprocess,
+		stack.expandable_stack_bottom,
+		params->stack_size_reserve,
+		status);
+
+	/* finally we protect the guard page */
+	params->stack_size_commit = __PAGE_SIZE;
+	status = __ntapi->zw_protect_virtual_memory(
+		params->hprocess,
+		&stack_system_limit,
+		&params->stack_size_commit,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE | NT_MEM_PAGE_GUARD,
+		&protect_type_old);
+
+	if (status) return __create_thread_fail(
+		params->hprocess,
+		stack.expandable_stack_bottom,
+		params->stack_size_reserve,
+		status);
+
+	/* context */
+	if (!params->reg_context) {
+		params->reg_context = &context;
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&context,0,sizeof(nt_thread_context));
+		__INIT_CONTEXT(context);
+		context.INSTRUCTION_POINTER_REGISTER = (uintptr_t)params->start;
+		context.STACK_POINTER_REGISTER = (uintptr_t)(stack.expandable_stack_base)
+						- sizeof(intptr_t);
+	}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/*-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-*/
+/*                                                                           */
+/*                                                                           */
+/*      INNOVATION IN THE FIELD OF MULTI-THREADED COMPUTER PROGRAMMING       */
+/*                                                                           */
+/*      A "RAPUNZEL" TOP-OF-STACK, VARIABLE-SIZE ENTRY-ROUTINE CONTEXT       */
+/*                                                                           */
+/*                   COPYRIGHT (C) 2013,2014,2015 ZVI GILBOA                 */
+/*                                                                           */
+/*                                                                           */
+/*                                                                           */
+/*      Laß mir dein Haar herunter.«                                         */
+/**/	if (params->ext_ctx) {                                             /**/
+/**/		context.STACK_POINTER_REGISTER -= params->ext_ctx_size;    /**/
+/**/		params->arg = (void *)context.STACK_POINTER_REGISTER;      /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/**/		if (params->creation_flags & NT_CREATE_LOCAL_THREAD)       /**/
+/**/			__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(                  /**/
+/**/				(uintptr_t *)params->arg,                  /**/
+/**/				(uintptr_t *)params->ext_ctx,              /**/
+/**/				params->ext_ctx_size);                     /**/
+/**/		else {                                                     /**/
+/**/			status = __ntapi->zw_write_virtual_memory(         /**/
+/**/				params->hprocess,                          /**/
+/**/				params->arg,                               /**/
+/**/				(char *)params->ext_ctx,                   /**/
+/**/				params->ext_ctx_size,                      /**/
+/**/				0);                                        /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/**/			if (status) return __create_thread_fail(           /**/
+/**/				params->hprocess,                          /**/
+/**/				stack.expandable_stack_bottom,             /**/
+/**/				params->stack_size_reserve,                /**/
+/**/				status);                                   /**/
+/**/		}                                                          /**/
+/**/	}                                                                  /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/*      entry-routine argument address and stack pointer adjustment          */
+/**/	if (sizeof(intptr_t) == 4) {                                       /**/
+/**/		context.STACK_POINTER_REGISTER -= sizeof(intptr_t);        /**/
+/**/		parg  = (uintptr_t *)context.STACK_POINTER_REGISTER;       /**/
+/**/	} else                                                             /**/
+/**/		parg  = &context.FAST_CALL_ARG0;                           /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/*      write entry-routine argument                                         */
+/**/	if ((sizeof(size_t) == 8)                                          /**/
+/**/			|| (params->creation_flags&NT_CREATE_LOCAL_THREAD))/**/
+/**/		*parg = (uintptr_t)params->arg;                            /**/
+/**/	else {                                                             /**/
+/**/		status = __ntapi->zw_write_virtual_memory(                 /**/
+/**/			params->hprocess,                                  /**/
+/**/			parg,                                              /**/
+/**/			(char *)&params->arg,                              /**/
+/**/			sizeof(uintptr_t),                                 /**/
+/**/			0);                                                /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/**/		if (status) return __create_thread_fail(                   /**/
+/**/			params->hprocess,                                  /**/
+/**/			stack.expandable_stack_bottom,                     /**/
+/**/			params->stack_size_reserve,                        /**/
+/**/			status);                                           /**/
+/**/	}                                                                  /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/**/                                                                       /**/
+/*-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-*/
+/*****************************************************************************/
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+	/* create thread */
+	if ((!__ntapi->zw_create_user_process) | (params->creation_flags & NT_CREATE_SUSPENDED))
+		fsuspended = 1;
+	else
+		fsuspended = 0;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_create_thread(
+		&params->hthread,
+		NT_THREAD_ALL_ACCESS,
+		params->obj_attr,
+		params->hprocess,
+		&cid,
+		params->reg_context,
+		&stack,
+		fsuspended);
+
+	if (status) return __create_thread_fail(
+		params->hprocess,
+		stack.expandable_stack_bottom,
+		params->stack_size_reserve,
+		status);
+
+	/* for os versions prior to hasta la */
+	if (!__ntapi->zw_create_user_process) {
+		__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&csrss_msg,0,sizeof(csrss_msg));
+
+		if (params->creation_flags & NT_CREATE_FIRST_THREAD_OF_PROCESS) {
+			/* nt_port_message_csrss_process is the larger structure */
+			csrss_msg_1st = &csrss_msg;
+
+			csrss_msg_1st->header.data_size		= sizeof(nt_port_message_csrss_process) - sizeof(nt_port_message);
+			csrss_msg_1st->header.msg_size		= sizeof(nt_port_message_csrss_process);
+			csrss_msg_1st->opcode			= 0x10000;
+			csrss_msg_1st->hprocess			= params->hprocess;
+			csrss_msg_1st->hthread			= params->hthread;
+			csrss_msg_1st->unique_process_id	= cid.process_id;
+			csrss_msg_1st->unique_thread_id		= cid.thread_id;
+		} else {
+			/* nt_port_message_csrss_thread is the smaller structure */
+			csrss_msg_any = (nt_port_message_csrss_thread *)&csrss_msg;
+
+			csrss_msg_any->header.data_size		= sizeof(nt_port_message_csrss_thread) - sizeof(nt_port_message);
+			csrss_msg_any->header.msg_size		= sizeof(nt_port_message_csrss_thread);
+			csrss_msg_any->opcode			= 0x10001;
+			csrss_msg_any->hthread			= params->hthread;
+			csrss_msg_any->unique_process_id	= cid.process_id;
+			csrss_msg_any->unique_thread_id		= cid.thread_id;
+		}
+
+		/* send csrss a new-thread notification */
+		if (__internals->csr_port_handle_addr) {
+			status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(
+				*__internals->csr_port_handle_addr,
+				&csrss_msg,&csrss_msg);
+		}
+
+		/* output csrss_status to caller */
+		params->csrss_status = status
+			? status
+			: csrss_msg.status;
+	}
+
+	/* resume thread, close handle as needed */
+	if (fsuspended && !(params->creation_flags & NT_CREATE_SUSPENDED))
+		status = __ntapi->zw_resume_thread(params->hthread,0);
+
+	if (params->creation_flags & NT_CLOSE_THREAD_HANDLE)
+		__ntapi->zw_close(params->hthread);
+
+	/* and finally */
+	params->thread_id = (uint32_t)cid.thread_id;
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_local_thread(
+	__in_out	nt_thread_params *	params)
+{
+	void *				image_base;
+	struct pe_stack_heap_info	stack_heap_info;
+	nt_client_id			cid;
+	nt_object_attributes		oa;
+	nt_status			status;
+
+        /* oa init */
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= (nt_unicode_string *)0;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_sd *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= (nt_sqos *)0;
+
+        /* init cid */
+        cid.process_id = pe_get_current_process_id();
+        cid.thread_id  = pe_get_current_thread_id();
+
+	/* obtain a handle to our own process */
+	/* TODO: use cached handle, no close  */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_open_process(
+		&params->hprocess,
+		NT_PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS,
+		&oa,
+		&cid);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* retrieve the stack defaults as needed */
+	if (!(params->stack_size_commit && params->stack_size_reserve) && !(params->stack_info)) {
+		/* image_base*/
+		image_base = pe_get_first_module_handle();
+
+		if (!(intptr_t)image_base)
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_IMPORT_OF_NON_DLL;
+
+		status = pe_get_image_stack_heap_info(
+			image_base,
+			&stack_heap_info);
+
+		if (status)
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT;
+
+		/* stack_size_commit */
+		if (!params->stack_size_commit)
+			params->stack_size_commit = stack_heap_info.size_of_stack_commit;
+
+		/* stack_size_reserve */
+		if (!params->stack_size_reserve)
+			params->stack_size_reserve = stack_heap_info.size_of_stack_reserve;
+
+		if (!(params->stack_size_commit && params->stack_size_reserve))
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_IMAGE_FORMAT;
+	}
+
+	params->creation_flags |= NT_CREATE_LOCAL_THREAD;
+	status =  __ntapi_tt_create_thread(params);
+
+	/* TODO: use cached handle, no close  */
+	__ntapi->zw_close(params->hprocess);
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tt_create_remote_thread(
+	__in_out	nt_thread_params *	params)
+{
+	return __ntapi_tt_create_thread(params);
+}
+
+
+void * __cdecl __ntapi_csr_port_handle(nt_status * pstatus)
+{
+	ntapi_internals * __internals;
+
+	__internals = __ntapi_internals();
+
+	if (__internals->csr_port_handle_addr) {
+		if (pstatus)
+			*pstatus = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		return *__internals->csr_port_handle_addr;
+	} else {
+		if (pstatus)
+			*pstatus = NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+		return (void *)0;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_process_register.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_process_register.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..935cf1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_process_register.c
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_client_process_register(
+	__in	void *			hport,
+	__in	uintptr_t		process_id,
+	__in	uintptr_t		thread_id,
+	__in	uintptr_t		flags,
+	__in	nt_large_integer *	reserved)
+{
+	nt_status		status;
+	nt_tty_register_msg	msg;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= NT_TTY_CLIENT_PROCESS_REGISTER;
+
+	msg.data.reginfo.process_id 	= process_id;
+	msg.data.reginfo.thread_id	= thread_id;
+	msg.data.reginfo.flags		= flags;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+
+	return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_session_query.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_session_query.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d0dbe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_session_query.c
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_client_session_query(
+	__in	void *			hport,
+	__out	nt_tty_session_info *	sessioninfo)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_tty_session_msg	msg;
+
+	hport = hport ? hport :  __ntapi_internals()->hport_tty_session;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= NT_TTY_CLIENT_SESSION_QUERY;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	sessioninfo->pid		= msg.data.sessioninfo.pid;
+	sessioninfo->pgid	= msg.data.sessioninfo.pgid;
+	sessioninfo->sid		= msg.data.sessioninfo.sid;
+	sessioninfo->reserved	= msg.data.sessioninfo.reserved;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_session_set.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_session_set.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..600fd5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_client_session_set.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_client_session_set(
+	__in	void *			hport,
+	__in	nt_tty_session_info *	sessioninfo)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_tty_session_msg	msg;
+
+	hport = hport ? hport :  __ntapi_internals()->hport_tty_session;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= NT_TTY_CLIENT_SESSION_SET;
+
+	msg.data.sessioninfo.pid	= sessioninfo->pid;
+	msg.data.sessioninfo.pgid	= sessioninfo->pgid;
+	msg.data.sessioninfo.sid	= sessioninfo->sid;
+	msg.data.sessioninfo.reserved	= sessioninfo->reserved;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+
+	return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_connect.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_connect.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ef198c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_connect.c
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_string.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_connect(
+	__out	void **			hport,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		tty_port_name,
+	__in	int32_t			impersonation_level)
+{
+	nt_object_attributes		oa;
+	nt_unicode_string		name;
+	nt_security_quality_of_service	sqos;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_init_unicode_string_from_utf16(
+		&name,tty_port_name);
+
+	sqos.length 			= sizeof(sqos);
+	sqos.impersonation_level	= impersonation_level;
+	sqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+	sqos.effective_only		= 1;
+
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	return __ntapi->zw_connect_port(
+		hport,
+		&name,
+		&sqos,
+		(nt_port_section_write *)0,
+		(nt_port_section_read *)0,
+		(uint32_t *)0,
+		(void *)0,
+		(uint32_t *)0);
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_create_session.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_create_session.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..176b2fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_create_session.c
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __tty_create_session_return(
+	nt_create_process_params *	params,
+	int32_t				status)
+{
+	if (status)
+		__ntapi->zw_terminate_process(
+			params->hprocess,
+			NT_STATUS_UNEXPECTED_IO_ERROR);
+
+	__ntapi->zw_close(params->hprocess);
+	__ntapi->zw_close(params->hthread);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_create_session(
+	__out	void **			hport,
+	__out	nt_port_name *		port_name,
+	__in	nt_tty_session_type	type,
+	__in	const nt_guid *		guid		__optional,
+	__in	wchar16_t *		image_name	__optional)
+{
+	nt_status			status;
+	ntapi_internals *		__internals;
+
+	nt_port_attr			port_attr;
+	nt_runtime_data			ssattr;
+	nt_runtime_data_block		rtblock;
+	nt_create_process_params	params;
+
+	wchar16_t __attr_aligned__(8) __tty_image_name_fallback[] =  {
+		'\\','?','?','\\',
+		'C',':',
+		'\\','m','i','d','i','p','i','x',
+		'\\','b','i','n',
+		'\\','n','t','c','t','t','y',
+		'.','e','x','e',
+		0};
+
+	/* init */
+	__internals = __ntapi_internals();
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&port_attr,0,sizeof(port_attr));
+
+	switch (type) {
+		case NT_TTY_SESSION_PRIMARY:
+			port_attr.type    = NT_PORT_TYPE_SUBSYSTEM;
+			port_attr.subtype = NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_DEFAULT;
+
+			if (!hport)
+				hport = &__internals->hport_tty_session;
+
+			if (!port_name)
+				port_name = __internals->subsystem;
+
+			if (!image_name)
+				image_name = __tty_image_name_fallback;
+
+			break;
+
+		case NT_TTY_SESSION_PRIVATE:
+			port_attr.type    = NT_PORT_TYPE_SUBSYSTEM;
+			port_attr.subtype = NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_PRIVATE;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	}
+
+	/* port guid */
+	if (guid)
+		__ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+			&port_attr.guid,
+			guid);
+	else
+		__ntapi->tt_port_guid_from_type(
+			&port_attr.guid,
+			port_attr.type,
+			port_attr.subtype);
+
+	/* port keys */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tt_port_generate_keys(&port_attr.keys)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* port name */
+	__ntapi->tt_port_name_from_attributes(
+		port_name,
+		&port_attr);
+
+	/* subsystem attributes */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&ssattr,0,sizeof(ssattr));
+
+	ssattr.srv_type		= port_attr.type;
+	ssattr.srv_subtype	= port_attr.subtype;
+	ssattr.srv_keys[0]	= port_attr.keys.key[0];
+	ssattr.srv_keys[1]	= port_attr.keys.key[1];
+	ssattr.srv_keys[2]	= port_attr.keys.key[2];
+	ssattr.srv_keys[3]	= port_attr.keys.key[3];
+	ssattr.srv_keys[4]	= port_attr.keys.key[4];
+	ssattr.srv_keys[5]	= port_attr.keys.key[5];
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+		&ssattr.srv_guid,
+		&port_attr.guid);
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tt_create_private_event(
+			&ssattr.srv_ready,
+			NT_SYNCHRONIZATION_EVENT,
+			NT_EVENT_NOT_SIGNALED)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* create subsystem process */
+	rtblock.addr		= &ssattr;
+	rtblock.size		= sizeof(ssattr);
+	rtblock.remote_addr	= 0;
+	rtblock.remote_size	= 0;
+	rtblock.flags		= NT_RUNTIME_DATA_DUPLICATE_SESSION_HANDLES;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&params,0,sizeof(params));
+
+	params.image_name	= image_name;
+	params.rtblock		= &rtblock;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tt_create_native_process(&params)))
+		return status;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_wait_for_single_object(
+			ssattr.srv_ready,
+			NT_SYNC_NON_ALERTABLE,
+			0)))
+		return __tty_create_session_return(&params,status);
+
+	/* connect to subsystem */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tty_connect(
+			hport,
+			&port_name->base_named_objects[0],
+			NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION)))
+		return __tty_create_session_return(&params,status);
+
+	/* finalize primary session */
+	if (type == NT_TTY_SESSION_PRIMARY) {
+		if (hport != &__internals->hport_tty_session)
+			__internals->hport_tty_session = *hport;
+
+		if (port_name != __internals->subsystem)
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				__internals->subsystem->base_named_objects,
+				port_name->base_named_objects,
+				sizeof(*port_name));
+	};
+
+	return __tty_create_session_return(&params,NT_STATUS_SUCCESS);
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_join_session.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_join_session.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e88b9cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_join_session.c
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_join_session(
+	__out	void **			hport,
+	__out	nt_port_name *		port_name,
+	__in	nt_port_attr *		port_attr,
+	__in	nt_tty_session_type	type)
+{
+	nt_status			status;
+	ntapi_internals *		__internals;
+
+	/* init */
+	__internals = __ntapi_internals();
+
+	if (type == NT_TTY_SESSION_PRIMARY) {
+		hport = hport ? hport : &__internals->hport_tty_session;
+		port_name = port_name ? port_name : __internals->subsystem;
+	}
+
+	/* port name */
+	__ntapi->tt_port_name_from_attributes(
+		port_name,
+		port_attr);
+
+	/* connect to subsystem */
+	if ((status = __ntapi->tty_connect(
+			hport,
+			(wchar16_t *)port_name,
+			NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION)))
+		return status;
+
+	/* finalize primary session */
+	if (type == NT_TTY_SESSION_PRIMARY) {
+		if (hport != &__internals->hport_tty_session)
+			__internals->hport_tty_session = *hport;
+
+		if (port_name != __internals->subsystem)
+			__ntapi->tt_memcpy_utf16(
+				__internals->subsystem->base_named_objects,
+				port_name->base_named_objects,
+				sizeof(*port_name));
+	};
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_query_information_server.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_query_information_server.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7930413
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_query_information_server.c
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_query_information_server(
+	__in	void *			hport,
+	__in	nt_tty_server_info *	srvinfo)
+{
+	int32_t		  status;
+	nt_tty_server_msg msg;
+
+	hport = hport ? hport : __ntapi_internals()->hport_tty_session;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= NT_TTY_QUERY_INFORMATION_SERVER;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)srvinfo,
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.srvinfo),
+		sizeof(*srvinfo));
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_request_peer.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_request_peer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f6550d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_request_peer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_request_peer(
+	__in	void *		hport,
+	__in	int32_t		opcode,
+	__in	uint32_t	flags,
+	__in	const nt_guid *	service,
+	__in	nt_port_attr *	peer)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_tty_peer_msg	msg;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= NT_TTY_REQUEST_PEER;
+
+	msg.data.peerinfo.opcode= opcode;
+	msg.data.peerinfo.flags = flags;
+
+	if (service) __ntapi->tt_guid_copy(
+		&msg.data.peerinfo.service,
+		service);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)&msg.data.peerinfo.peer,
+		(uintptr_t *)peer,
+		sizeof(*peer));
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+
+	return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_vms_query.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_vms_query.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08e3212
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_vms_query.c
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_vms_query(
+	__in	void *			hport,
+	__in	nt_tty_vms_info *	vmsinfo)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_tty_vms_msg	msg;
+
+	hport = hport ? hport :  __ntapi_internals()->hport_tty_session;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= NT_TTY_VMS_QUERY;
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)vmsinfo,
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.vmsinfo),
+		sizeof(*vmsinfo));
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/tty/ntapi_tty_vms_request.c b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_vms_request.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74dbf5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tty/ntapi_tty_vms_request.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_tty_vms_request(
+	__in	void *			hport,
+	__in	nt_tty_vms_info *	vmsinfo)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	nt_tty_vms_msg	msg;
+
+	hport = hport ? hport : __ntapi_internals()->hport_tty_session;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+		&msg,0,
+		sizeof(nt_port_message) + sizeof(nt_tty_msg_info));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.ttyinfo.opcode	= NT_TTY_VMS_REQUEST;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.vmsinfo),
+		(uintptr_t *)vmsinfo,
+		sizeof(*vmsinfo));
+
+	if ((status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hport,&msg,&msg)))
+		return status;
+	else if (msg.data.ttyinfo.status)
+		return msg.data.ttyinfo.status;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)vmsinfo,
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.vmsinfo),
+		sizeof(*vmsinfo));
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_conversion_from_utf16.c b/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_conversion_from_utf16.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..102a24d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_conversion_from_utf16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_unicode.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf16_to_utf8_handler_1byte_or_null_termination(nt_utf16_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/*******************************************/
+	/* from: 00000000 0xxxxxxx (little endian) */
+	/* to:   0xxxxxxx          (utf-8)         */
+	/*******************************************/
+
+	uint8_t * dst;
+
+	if (args->dst >= args->dst_cap)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	dst  = (uint8_t *)args->dst;
+	*dst = *(uint8_t *)(args->src);
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src++;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + 1);
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written++;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf16_to_utf8_handler_2bytes(nt_utf16_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/*******************************************/
+	/* from: 00000yyy yyxxxxxx (little endian) */
+	/* to:   110yyyyy 10xxxxxx (utf-8)         */
+	/*******************************************/
+
+	const wchar16_t * src;
+	uint8_t *	  dst;
+
+	wchar16_t	wx;
+	wchar16_t	wy;
+
+	if ((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + 1 >= (uintptr_t)(args->dst_cap))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	src = args->src;
+	dst = (uint8_t *)args->dst;
+
+	wy  = *src;
+	wy >>= 6;
+
+	wx  = *src;
+	wx <<= 10;
+	wx >>= 10;
+
+	/* write the y part */
+	*dst = (char)(0xC0 | wy);
+	dst++;
+
+	/* write the x part */
+	*dst = (char)(0x80 | wx);
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src++;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + 2);
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written += 2;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf16_to_utf8_handler_3bytes(nt_utf16_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/********************************************/
+	/* from: zzzzyyyy yyxxxxxx (little endian)  */
+	/* to:   1110zzzz 10yyyyyy 10xxxxxx (utf-8) */
+	/********************************************/
+
+	const wchar16_t * src;
+	uint8_t *	  dst;
+
+	wchar16_t	wx;
+	wchar16_t	wy;
+	wchar16_t	wz;
+
+	if ((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + 2 >= (uintptr_t)(args->dst_cap))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	src = args->src;
+	dst = (uint8_t *)args->dst;
+
+	wz  = *src;
+	wz >>= 12;
+
+	wy  = *src;
+	wy <<= 4;
+	wy >>= 10;
+
+	wx  = *src;
+	wx <<= 10;
+	wx >>= 10;
+
+	/* write the z part */
+	*dst = (char)(0xE0 | wz);
+	dst++;
+
+	/* write the y part */
+	*dst = (char)(0x80 | wy);
+	dst++;
+
+	/* write the x part */
+	*dst = (char)(0x80 | wx);
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src++;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + 3);
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written += 3;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf16_to_utf8_handler_4bytes(nt_utf16_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/****************************************************************/
+	/* from: 110110ww  wwzzzzyy  110111yy  yyxxxxxx (little endian) */
+	/* to:   11110uuu  10uuzzzz  10yyyyyy  10xxxxxx (utf-8)         */
+	/****************************************************************/
+
+	const wchar16_t * src;
+	uint8_t *	  dst;
+
+	wchar16_t	wx;
+	wchar16_t	wz;
+
+	wchar16_t	wy_low;
+	wchar16_t	wy_high;
+	wchar16_t	ww;
+	wchar16_t	uuuuu;
+	wchar16_t	u_low;
+	wchar16_t	u_high;
+
+	if ((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + 3 >= (uintptr_t)(args->dst_cap))
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	src = args->src;
+	dst = (uint8_t *)args->dst;
+
+	/* low two bytes */
+	wx  = *src;
+	wx <<= 10;
+	wx >>= 10;
+
+	wy_low  = *src;
+	wy_low <<= 6;
+	wy_low >>= 12;
+
+	/* (surrogate pair) */
+	src++;
+
+	/* high two bytes */
+	wy_high  = *src;
+	wy_high <<= 14;
+	wy_high >>= 10;
+
+	wz  = *src;
+	wz <<= 10;
+	wz >>= 12;
+	wz <<= 2;
+
+	ww  = *src;
+	ww <<= 6;
+	ww >>= 12;
+
+	uuuuu  = ww + 1;
+	u_high  = uuuuu >> 2;
+	u_low = ((uuuuu << 14) >> 10);
+
+	/* 1st byte: 11110uuu */
+	*dst = (char)(0xF0 | u_high);
+	dst++;
+
+	/* 2nd byte: 10uuzzzz */
+	*dst = (char)(0x80 | u_low | wz);
+	dst++;
+
+	/* 3rd byte: 10yyyyyy */
+	*dst = (char)(0x80 | wy_low | wy_high);
+	dst++;
+
+	/* 4th byte: 10xxxxxx */
+	*dst = (char)(0x80 | wx);
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src += 2;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + 4);
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written += 4;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __update_stream_leftover_info_utf16(
+	__in_out	nt_unicode_conversion_params_utf16_to_utf8 *	params)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	ptrdiff_t	offset;
+	wchar16_t *	wlead;
+
+	offset	= (uintptr_t)params->src + (uintptr_t)params->src_size_in_bytes - (uintptr_t)params->addr_failed;
+	wlead	= (wchar16_t *)params->addr_failed;
+
+
+	if ((offset == 2) && (*wlead >= 0xD800) && (*wlead < 0xDC00)) {
+			/* possibly the lead of a surrogate pair lead */
+			params->leftover_count = 2;
+			params->leftover_bytes = *wlead;
+			params->leftover_bytes <<= 16;
+			status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+	} else {
+		params->leftover_count = 0;
+		params->leftover_bytes = 0;
+		status	= NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+	}
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall 	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf8(
+	__in_out	nt_unicode_conversion_params_utf16_to_utf8 *	params)
+{
+	int32_t 			status;
+	nt_utf16_callback_args		args;
+	ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn *	callback_fn[5];
+
+	callback_fn[0] = (ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn *)__utf16_to_utf8_handler_1byte_or_null_termination;
+	callback_fn[1] = (ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn *)__utf16_to_utf8_handler_1byte_or_null_termination;
+	callback_fn[2] = (ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn *)__utf16_to_utf8_handler_2bytes;
+	callback_fn[3] = (ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn *)__utf16_to_utf8_handler_3bytes;
+	callback_fn[4] = (ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn *)__utf16_to_utf8_handler_4bytes;
+
+	args.src		= params->src;
+	args.dst		= params->dst;
+	args.dst_cap		= (void *)((uintptr_t)(params->dst) + (params->dst_size_in_bytes));
+	args.bytes_written	= params->bytes_written;
+
+	status = __ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf16(
+		params->src,
+		params->src_size_in_bytes,
+		&params->code_points,
+		&params->addr_failed,
+		callback_fn,
+		&args);
+
+	params->bytes_written = args.bytes_written;
+
+	if (status)
+		status = __update_stream_leftover_info_utf16(params);
+
+	/* the following bit shift will be optimized out on 32-bit architectures */
+	params->leftover_bytes <<= (8 * (sizeof(uintptr_t) - sizeof(uint32_t)));
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall 	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf16_to_utf32(
+	__in_out	nt_unicode_conversion_params_utf16_to_utf32 *	params)
+{
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_conversion_from_utf8.c b/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_conversion_from_utf8.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02976ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_conversion_from_utf8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_unicode.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+typedef struct ___two_bytes {
+	unsigned char	low;
+	unsigned char	high;
+} __two_bytes;
+
+
+typedef struct ___three_bytes {
+	unsigned char	low;
+	unsigned char	middle;
+	unsigned char	high;
+} __three_bytes;
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf8_to_utf16_handler_1byte_or_null_termination(nt_utf8_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/***************************/
+	/* from: 0xxxxxxx          */
+	/* to:   00000000 0xxxxxxx */
+	/***************************/
+
+	wchar16_t *	dst;
+
+	if (args->dst >= args->dst_cap)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	dst  = (wchar16_t *)args->dst;
+	*dst = *(args->src);
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src++;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + sizeof(wchar16_t));
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written += sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf8_to_utf16_handler_2bytes(nt_utf8_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/***************************/
+	/* from: 110yyyyy 10xxxxxx */
+	/* to:   00000yyy yyxxxxxx */
+	/***************************/
+
+	__two_bytes *		src; /* big endian */
+	wchar16_t *		dst;
+
+	if (args->dst >= args->dst_cap)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	src	= (__two_bytes *)args->src;
+	dst	= (wchar16_t *)args->dst;
+
+	/* yyyyy */
+	*dst   = (src->low ^ 0xC0);
+	*dst <<= 6;
+
+	/* xxxxxx */
+	*dst |= (src->high  ^ 0x80);
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src += 2;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + sizeof(wchar16_t));
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written += sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf8_to_utf16_handler_3bytes(nt_utf8_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/************************************/
+	/* from: 1110zzzz 10yyyyyy 10xxxxxx */
+	/* to:   zzzzyyyy yyxxxxxx          */
+	/************************************/
+
+	__three_bytes *		src; /* big endian */
+	wchar16_t *		dst;
+	wchar16_t		yyyyy;
+
+	if (args->dst >= args->dst_cap)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	src	= (__three_bytes *)args->src;
+	dst	= (wchar16_t *)args->dst;
+
+	/* zzzz */
+	*dst   = (src->low ^ 0xE0);
+	*dst <<= 12;
+
+	/* yyyyy */
+	yyyyy   = (src->middle ^ 0x80);
+	yyyyy <<= 6;
+	*dst |= yyyyy;
+
+	/* xxxxxx */
+	*dst |= (src->high ^ 0x80);
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src += 3;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + sizeof(wchar16_t));
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written += sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __utf8_to_utf16_handler_4bytes(nt_utf8_callback_args * args)
+{
+	/*************************************************/
+	/* from: 11110uuu  10uuzzzz  10yyyyyy  10xxxxxx  */
+	/* to:   110110ww  wwzzzzyy  110111yy  yyxxxxxx  */
+	/*************************************************/
+
+	__two_bytes *		src_low;	/* big endian */
+	__two_bytes *		src_high;	/* big endian */
+	wchar16_t *		dst_lead;
+	wchar16_t *		dst_trail;
+
+	wchar16_t		u;
+	unsigned char		ulow;
+	unsigned char		uhigh;
+	unsigned char		yyyy;
+
+	dst_lead = dst_trail = (wchar16_t *)args->dst;
+	dst_trail++;
+
+	if ((uintptr_t)dst_trail >= (uintptr_t)args->dst_cap)
+		return NT_STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
+
+	src_low	= src_high = (__two_bytes *)args->src;
+	src_high++;
+
+	/* u */
+	ulow	= src_low->low  ^ 0xF0;
+	uhigh	= src_low->high ^ 0x80;
+
+	ulow  <<= 2;
+	uhigh >>= 4;
+
+	u = ulow | uhigh;
+
+	/* 110110ww wwzzzzyy */
+	*dst_lead  = 0xD800;
+	*dst_lead |= ((u-1) << 6);
+	*dst_lead |= ((src_low->high ^ 0x80) << 2);
+	*dst_lead |= ((src_high->low ^ 0x80) >> 4);
+
+	/* 110111yy  yyxxxxxx */
+	yyyy         = (src_high->low << 4);
+	*dst_trail   = yyyy;
+	*dst_trail <<= 2;
+	*dst_trail  |= (src_high->high ^ 0x80);
+	*dst_trail  |= 0xDC00;
+
+	/* advance source and destination buffer */
+	args->src += 4;
+	args->dst = (void *)((uintptr_t)(args->dst) + (2 * sizeof(wchar16_t)));
+
+	/* bytes_written */
+	args->bytes_written += 2 * sizeof(wchar16_t);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __update_stream_leftover_info_utf8(
+	__in_out	nt_unicode_conversion_params_utf8_to_utf16 *	params)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	ptrdiff_t	offset;
+	unsigned char *	utf8;
+
+	offset	= (uintptr_t)params->src + (uintptr_t)params->src_size_in_bytes - (uintptr_t)params->addr_failed;
+	utf8	= (unsigned char *)params->addr_failed;
+
+	/* default status */
+	status	= NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+
+	if (offset == 1) {
+		if ((utf8[0] >= 0xC2) && (utf8[0] <= 0xF4)) {
+			/* one leftover byte */
+			params->leftover_count = 1;
+			params->leftover_bytes = utf8[0];
+			params->leftover_bytes <<= 24;
+			status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		}
+	} else 	if (offset == 2) {
+		if /* ------- */  (((utf8[0] == 0xE0) &&                      (utf8[1] >= 0xA0) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+				|| ((utf8[0] >= 0xE1) && (utf8[0] <= 0xEC) && (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+				|| ((utf8[0] == 0xED) &&                      (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0x9F))
+				|| ((utf8[0] >= 0xEE) && (utf8[0] <= 0xEF) && (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+				|| ((utf8[0] == 0xF0) &&                      (utf8[1] >= 0x90) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+				|| ((utf8[0] >= 0xF1) && (utf8[0] <= 0xF3) && (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+				|| ((utf8[0] == 0xF4) &&                      (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0x8F))) {
+			/* two leftover bytes */
+			params->leftover_count = 2;
+			params->leftover_bytes = utf8[0];
+			params->leftover_bytes <<= 8;
+			params->leftover_bytes += utf8[1];
+			params->leftover_bytes <<= 16;
+			status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		}
+	} else if (offset == 3) {
+		if /* ------- */  (((utf8[0] == 0xF0) &&                      (utf8[1] >= 0x90) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+				|| ((utf8[0] >= 0xF1) && (utf8[0] <= 0xF3) && (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+				|| ((utf8[0] == 0xF4) &&                      (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0x8F))) {
+			/* three leftover bytes */
+			params->leftover_count = 3;
+			params->leftover_bytes = utf8[0];
+			params->leftover_bytes <<= 8;
+			params->leftover_bytes += utf8[1];
+			params->leftover_bytes <<= 8;
+			params->leftover_bytes += utf8[2];
+			params->leftover_bytes <<= 8;
+			status = NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
+		params->leftover_count = 0;
+		params->leftover_bytes = 0;
+	}
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall 	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf16(
+	__in_out	nt_unicode_conversion_params_utf8_to_utf16 *	params)
+{
+	int32_t 			status;
+	nt_utf8_callback_args		args;
+	ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn *	callback_fn[5];
+
+	callback_fn[0] = (ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn *)__utf8_to_utf16_handler_1byte_or_null_termination;
+	callback_fn[1] = (ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn *)__utf8_to_utf16_handler_1byte_or_null_termination;
+	callback_fn[2] = (ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn *)__utf8_to_utf16_handler_2bytes;
+	callback_fn[3] = (ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn *)__utf8_to_utf16_handler_3bytes;
+	callback_fn[4] = (ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn *)__utf8_to_utf16_handler_4bytes;
+
+	args.src		= params->src;
+	args.dst		= params->dst;
+	args.dst_cap		= (void *)((uintptr_t)(params->dst) + (params->dst_size_in_bytes));
+	args.bytes_written	= params->bytes_written;
+
+	status = __ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf8(
+		params->src,
+		params->src_size_in_bytes,
+		&params->code_points,
+		&params->addr_failed,
+		callback_fn,
+		&args);
+
+	params->bytes_written = args.bytes_written;
+
+	if (status != NT_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+		status = __update_stream_leftover_info_utf8(params);
+
+	/* (optimized out on 32-bit architectures) */
+	params->leftover_bytes <<= (8 * (sizeof(uintptr_t) - sizeof(uint32_t)));
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall 	__ntapi_uc_convert_unicode_stream_utf8_to_utf32(
+	__in_out	nt_unicode_conversion_params_utf8_to_utf32 *	params)
+{
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_validation.c b/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_validation.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c6fcac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/unicode/ntapi_uc_unicode_validation.c
@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_unicode.h>
+
+/**
+ *  unofficial bit distribution table for comprehension purposes only
+ *
+ *  scalar	nickname	utf-16		utf-8[0]  utf-8[1]  utf-8[2]  utf-8[3]
+ *  ------	--------	--------	--------  --------  --------  --------
+ *  00000000	7x		00000000	0xxxxxxx
+ *  0xxxxxxx			0xxxxxxx
+ *
+ *  00000yyy	5y6x		00000yyy	110yyyyy  10xxxxxx
+ *  yyxxxxxx			yyxxxxxx
+ *
+ *  zzzzyyyy	4z6y6x		zzzzyyyy	1110zzzz  10yyyyyy  10xxxxxx
+ *  yyxxxxxx			yyxxxxxx
+ *
+ *  000uuuuu	5u4z6y6x	110110ww	11110uuu  10uuzzzz  10yyyyyy  10xxxxxx
+ *  zzzzyyyy			wwzzzzyy
+ *  yyxxxxxx			110111yy
+ *				yyxxxxxx        (where wwww = uuuuu - 1)
+ *
+ *
+ *  validation of utf-8
+ *
+ *  from        to          utf-8[0]      utf-8[1]      utf-8[2]      utf-8[3]
+ *  ------      ------      --------      --------      --------      --------
+ *  0x0000      0x007F      00..7F
+ *  0x0080      0x07FF      C2..DF        80..BF
+ *  0x0800      0x0FFF      E0            A0..BF        80..BF
+ *  0x1000      0xCFFF      E1..EC        80..BF        80..BF
+ *  0xD000      0xD7FF      ED            80..9F        80..BF
+ *  0xE000      0xFFFF      EE..EF        80..BF        80..BF
+ *  0x10000     0x3FFFF     F0            90..BF        80..BF        80..BF
+ *  0x40000     0xFFFFF     F1..F3        80..BF        80..BF        80..BF
+ *  0x100000    0x10FFFF    F4            80..8F        80..BF        80..BF
+ *
+**/
+
+
+#define __AVAILABLE_CODE_POINTS	0x110000
+
+int __stdcall __ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf8(uint32_t code_point)
+{
+	/* try clearing 7x bits */
+	if ((code_point >> 7) == 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	/* try clearing 5y + 6x bits */
+	else if ((code_point >> 11) == 0)
+		return 2;
+
+	/* try clearing 4z +6y + 6x bits */
+	else if ((code_point >> 16) == 0)
+		return 3;
+
+	/* try clearing 5u + 4z + 6y + 6x bits */
+	else if ((code_point >> 21) == 0)
+		return 4;
+
+	/* __AVAILABLE_CODE_POINTS exceeded */
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+
+int __stdcall __ntapi_uc_get_code_point_byte_count_utf16(uint32_t code_point)
+{
+	/* try clearing 4z +6y + 6x bits */
+	if ((code_point >> 16) == 0)
+		return 2;
+
+	/* try clearing 5u + 4z + 6y + 6x bits */
+	else if ((code_point >> 21) == 0)
+		return 4;
+
+	/* __AVAILABLE_CODE_POINTS exceeded */
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ *  following is a straight-forward implementation
+ *  of unicode conversion and validation (see also:
+ *  Table 3-7 of the Unicode Standard, version 6.2).
+ *
+ *  the use of callbacks allows the validation
+ *  functions to be the basis of our utf-8 conversion
+ *  functions on the one hand, and the posix path arg
+ *  normalization routine on the other.
+**/
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __default_callback_fn_utf8(nt_utf8_callback_args * args)
+{
+	args->src += args->byte_count;
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf8(
+	__in	const unsigned char *		ch,
+	__in	size_t				size_in_bytes	__optional,
+	__out	size_t *			code_points	__optional,
+	__out	void **				addr_failed	__optional,
+	__in	ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn **	callback_fn	__optional,
+	__in	nt_utf8_callback_args *		callback_args	__optional)
+{
+	const unsigned char *	utf8;
+	unsigned char *		ch_boundary;
+	unsigned char		byte_count;
+	size_t			_code_points;
+
+	ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn *	_callback_fn[5];
+	nt_utf8_callback_args		_callback_args;
+
+	if (!callback_fn) {
+		_callback_fn[0] = __default_callback_fn_utf8;
+		_callback_fn[1] = __default_callback_fn_utf8;
+		_callback_fn[2] = __default_callback_fn_utf8;
+		_callback_fn[3] = __default_callback_fn_utf8;
+		_callback_fn[4] = __default_callback_fn_utf8;
+		callback_fn = (ntapi_uc_utf8_callback_fn **)&_callback_fn;
+	}
+
+	if (!callback_args) {
+		callback_args = &_callback_args;
+		callback_args->src = (unsigned char *)0;
+	}
+
+	if (callback_args->src)
+		ch = callback_args->src;
+	else
+		callback_args->src = ch;
+
+	if (size_in_bytes)
+		ch_boundary = (unsigned char *)((uintptr_t)ch + size_in_bytes);
+	else
+		ch_boundary = (unsigned char *)(~0);
+
+	if (!code_points)
+		code_points = &_code_points;
+
+	while ((ch < ch_boundary) && (*ch)) {
+		utf8 		= ch;
+		byte_count	= 0;
+
+		/* try one byte */
+		if (utf8[0] <= 0x7F)
+			byte_count = 1;
+
+		/* try two bytes */
+		else if ((++ch < ch_boundary)
+				&& (utf8[0] >= 0xC2) && (utf8[0] <= 0xDF)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 2;
+
+		/* try three bytes */
+		else if ((++ch < ch_boundary)
+				&& (utf8[0] == 0xE0)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0xA0) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[2] >= 0x80) && (utf8[2] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 3;
+
+		else if (
+				(utf8[0] >= 0xE1) && (utf8[0] <= 0xEC)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[2] >= 0x80) && (utf8[2] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 3;
+
+		else if (
+				(utf8[0] == 0xED)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0x9F)
+				&& (utf8[2] >= 0x80) && (utf8[2] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 3;
+
+		else if (
+				(utf8[0] >= 0xEE) && (utf8[0] <= 0xEF)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[2] >= 0x80) && (utf8[2] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 3;
+
+		/* try four bytes */
+		else if ((++ch < ch_boundary)
+				&& (utf8[0] == 0xF0)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0x90) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[2] >= 0x80) && (utf8[2] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[3] >= 0x80) && (utf8[3] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 4;
+
+		else if (
+				(utf8[0] >= 0xF1) && (utf8[0] <= 0xF3)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[2] >= 0x80) && (utf8[2] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[3] >= 0x80) && (utf8[3] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 4;
+
+		else if (
+				(utf8[0] == 0xF4)
+				&& (utf8[1] >= 0x80) && (utf8[1] <= 0x8F)
+				&& (utf8[2] >= 0x80) && (utf8[2] <= 0xBF)
+				&& (utf8[3] >= 0x80) && (utf8[3] <= 0xBF))
+			byte_count = 4;
+
+		if (byte_count) {
+			(*code_points)++;
+			callback_args->byte_count = byte_count;
+			callback_fn[byte_count](callback_args);
+		} else {
+			if (addr_failed)
+				*addr_failed = (void *)utf8;
+			return NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+		}
+
+		/* advance, transcode if needed */
+		ch = callback_args->src;
+	}
+
+	if ((ch < ch_boundary) && (*ch == 0))
+		callback_fn[0](callback_args);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+static int32_t __fastcall __default_callback_fn_utf16(nt_utf16_callback_args * args)
+{
+	if (args->byte_count == 4)
+		args->src += 2;
+	else
+		args->src++;
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_uc_validate_unicode_stream_utf16(
+	__in	const wchar16_t *		wch,
+	__in	size_t				size_in_bytes	__optional,
+	__out	size_t *			code_points	__optional,
+	__out	void **				addr_failed	__optional,
+	__in	ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn **	callback_fn	__optional,
+	__in	nt_utf16_callback_args *	callback_args	__optional)
+{
+	const wchar16_t * wch_trail;
+	wchar16_t *	  wch_boundary;
+	unsigned char	  byte_count;
+	size_t		  _code_points;
+
+	ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn *	_callback_fn[5];
+	nt_utf16_callback_args		_callback_args;
+
+	if (!callback_fn) {
+		_callback_fn[0] = __default_callback_fn_utf16;
+		_callback_fn[1] = __default_callback_fn_utf16;
+		_callback_fn[2] = __default_callback_fn_utf16;
+		_callback_fn[3] = __default_callback_fn_utf16;
+		_callback_fn[4] = __default_callback_fn_utf16;
+		callback_fn = (ntapi_uc_utf16_callback_fn **)&_callback_fn;
+	}
+
+	if (!callback_args) {
+		callback_args = &_callback_args;
+		callback_args->src = (wchar16_t *)0;
+	}
+
+	if (callback_args->src)
+		wch = callback_args->src;
+	else
+		callback_args->src = wch;
+
+	if (size_in_bytes)
+		wch_boundary = (wchar16_t *)((uintptr_t)wch + size_in_bytes);
+	else
+		wch_boundary = (wchar16_t *)(~0);
+
+	if (!code_points)
+		code_points = &_code_points;
+
+	while ((wch < wch_boundary) && (*wch)) {
+		byte_count	= 0;
+
+		/* try one byte */
+		if (*wch <= 0x7F)
+			byte_count = 1;
+
+		/* try two bytes */
+		else if (*wch <= 0x7FF)
+			byte_count = 2;
+
+		/* try three bytes */
+		else if ((*wch < 0xD800) || (*wch >= 0xE000))
+			byte_count = 3;
+
+		/* try four bytes */
+		else if ((*wch >= 0xD800) && (*wch < 0xDC00)) {
+			wch_trail = wch + 1;
+
+			if ((wch_trail < wch_boundary)
+					&& (*wch_trail >= 0xDC00)
+					&& (*wch_trail < 0xE000))
+				byte_count = 4;
+		}
+
+		if (byte_count) {
+			(*code_points)++;
+			callback_args->byte_count = byte_count;
+			callback_fn[byte_count](callback_args);
+		} else {
+			if (addr_failed)
+				*addr_failed = (void *)wch;
+			return NT_STATUS_ILLEGAL_CHARACTER;
+		}
+
+		/* advance, transcode as needed */
+		wch = callback_args->src;
+	}
+
+	if ((wch < wch_boundary) && (*wch == 0))
+		callback_fn[0](callback_args);
+
+	return NT_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/vfd/ntapi_vfd_helper.c b/src/vfd/ntapi_vfd_helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..054a388
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vfd/ntapi_vfd_helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_status.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_object.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vfd.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+void __stdcall __ntapi_vfd_dev_name_init(
+	__out	nt_vfd_dev_name *	devname,
+	__in	const nt_guid *		guid)
+{
+	uint32_t * prefix = (uint32_t *)devname->prefix;
+
+	/* compiler-independent */
+	prefix[0] = 0x44005C;
+	prefix[1] = 0x760065;
+	prefix[2] = 0x630069;
+	prefix[3] = 0x5C0065;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_guid_to_utf16_string(
+		guid,
+		&devname->guid);
+
+	devname->name.strlen = sizeof(devname->prefix) + sizeof(devname->guid);
+	devname->name.maxlen = 0;
+	devname->name.buffer = (uint16_t *)&devname->prefix;
+
+	return;
+}
diff --git a/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_cache.c b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_cache.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97fe32f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_cache.c
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+typedef struct nt_vms_cache_interface {
+	nt_vms_system *		vms_sys;
+	struct dalist_ex	cache;
+	size_t			alloc_size;
+	uintptr_t		buffer[1];
+} nt_vms_cache_context;
+
+
+typedef struct _nt_vms_cache_record {
+	void *			hfile;
+	uint32_t		dev_name_hash;
+	nt_large_integer	index_number;
+	intptr_t		client_key;
+	intptr_t		server_key;
+} nt_vms_cache_record;
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_vms_cache_free(
+	__in	nt_vms_cache		vms_cache)
+{
+	int32_t		status;
+	void *		region_addr;
+	size_t		region_size;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!vms_cache)
+		return NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+	/* free memory */
+	region_addr = vms_cache;
+	region_size = vms_cache->alloc_size;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_free_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		&region_addr,
+		&region_size,
+		NT_MEM_RELEASE);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+/* vms optional cache functions */
+nt_vms_cache __stdcall	__ntapi_vms_cache_alloc(
+	__in	nt_vms_system *		vms_sys,
+	__in	uint32_t		flags	__reserved,
+	__in	void *			options	__reserved,
+	__out	int32_t *		status	__optional)
+{
+	int32_t			_status;
+	void *			buffer;
+	size_t			buffer_size;
+	nt_vms_cache_context *	vms_cache;
+
+	/* status */
+	if (!status) status = &_status;
+
+	/* validation */
+	if (!vms_sys) {
+		*status = NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+		return (nt_vms_cache)0;
+	}
+
+	/* calculate size */
+	buffer_size =  sizeof(nt_vms_cache_context);
+	buffer_size += vms_sys->vms_points_cap * (sizeof(nt_vms_cache_record) - sizeof(uintptr_t));
+
+	/* allocate buffer */
+	*status = __ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory(
+		NT_CURRENT_PROCESS_HANDLE,
+		&buffer,
+		0,
+		&buffer_size,
+		NT_MEM_COMMIT,
+		NT_PAGE_READWRITE);
+
+	if (*status) return (nt_vms_cache)0;
+
+	/* init vms cache */
+	vms_cache = (nt_vms_cache_context *)buffer;
+	vms_cache->vms_sys	= vms_sys;
+	vms_cache->alloc_size	= buffer_size;
+
+	/* init list */
+	*status = dalist_init_ex(
+		&vms_cache->cache,
+		sizeof(nt_vms_cache_record),
+		0x1000,
+		__ntapi->zw_allocate_virtual_memory,
+		DALIST_MEMFN_NT_ALLOCATE_VIRTUAL_MEMORY);
+
+	if (*status != DALIST_OK) {
+		*status = NT_STATUS_UNSUCCESSFUL;
+		__ntapi_vms_cache_free(vms_cache);
+		return (nt_vms_cache)0;
+	}
+
+	/* set list buffer */
+	buffer_size -= (size_t)&(((nt_vms_cache_context *)0)->buffer);
+
+	*status = dalist_deposit_memory_block(
+		&vms_cache->cache,
+		&vms_cache->buffer,
+		buffer_size);
+
+	return vms_cache;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_vms_cache_record_append(
+	__in	nt_vms_cache		cache,
+	__in	void *			hfile,
+	__in	uint32_t		dev_name_hash,
+	__in	nt_large_integer	index_number,
+	__in	intptr_t		client_key,
+	__in	intptr_t		server_key)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	struct dalist_node_ex *	node;
+	nt_vms_cache_record *	cache_record;
+
+	status = dalist_get_node_by_key(
+			&cache->cache,
+			&node,
+			(uintptr_t)hfile,
+			DALIST_NODE_TYPE_EXISTING,
+			(uintptr_t *)0);
+
+	if (status != DALIST_OK)
+		status = NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+	else if (node)
+		status = NT_STATUS_OBJECTID_EXISTS;
+	else {
+		status = dalist_get_free_node(&cache->cache,(void **)&node);
+
+		if (status == DALIST_OK) {
+			cache_record = (nt_vms_cache_record *)&node->dblock;
+
+			__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(
+				node,
+				0,
+				(uintptr_t)&((struct dalist_node_ex *)0)->dblock + sizeof(*cache_record));
+
+			node->key = (uintptr_t)hfile;
+
+			cache_record->hfile		= hfile;
+			cache_record->dev_name_hash	= dev_name_hash;
+			cache_record->index_number.quad	= index_number.quad;
+			cache_record->client_key	= client_key;
+			cache_record->server_key	= server_key;
+
+			status = dalist_insert_node_by_key(
+				&cache->cache,
+				node);
+
+			if (status != DALIST_OK)
+				dalist_deposit_free_node(
+					&cache->cache,
+					node);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall	__ntapi_vms_cache_record_remove(
+	__in	nt_vms_cache		cache,
+	__in	void *			hfile,
+	__in	uint32_t		dev_name_hash,
+	__in	nt_large_integer	index_number)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	struct dalist_node_ex *	node;
+
+	status = dalist_get_node_by_key(
+			&cache->cache,
+			&node,
+			(uintptr_t)hfile,
+			DALIST_NODE_TYPE_EXISTING,
+			(uintptr_t *)0);
+
+	if (status != DALIST_OK)
+		status = NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+	else if (node)
+		status = NT_STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+	else {
+		status = dalist_discard_node(
+			&cache->cache,
+			node);
+
+		if (status != DALIST_OK)
+			status = NT_STATUS_INTERNAL_ERROR;
+	}
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_client_connect.c b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_client_connect.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..364d4d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_client_connect.c
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_tty.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+static void __vms_port_name_from_server_info(
+	__out	nt_port_name *		vms_port_name,
+	__in	nt_tty_vms_info *	vmsinfo)
+{
+	nt_port_attr	port_attr;
+
+	port_attr.type		= NT_PORT_TYPE_VMOUNT;
+	port_attr.subtype	= NT_PORT_SUBTYPE_DEFAULT;
+
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)&port_attr.keys,
+		(uintptr_t *)&vmsinfo->vms_keys,
+		sizeof(nt_port_keys));
+
+	__ntapi->tt_port_guid_from_type(
+		&port_attr.guid,
+		port_attr.type,
+		port_attr.subtype);
+
+	__ntapi->tt_port_name_from_attributes(
+		vms_port_name,
+		&port_attr);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_client_connect(
+	__out	void **			hvms,
+	__in	nt_tty_vms_info *	vmsinfo)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_port_name		vms_port_name;
+
+	nt_unicode_string	name;
+	nt_sqos			sqos;
+	nt_oa			oa;
+
+	/* vmount daemon port name */
+	__vms_port_name_from_server_info(
+		&vms_port_name,
+		vmsinfo);
+
+	/* port name init */
+	name.buffer = (wchar16_t *)&vms_port_name;
+	name.maxlen = 0;
+	name.strlen = (uint16_t)(size_t)(&((nt_port_name *)0)->null_termination);
+
+	/* init security structure */
+	sqos.length 			= sizeof(sqos);
+	sqos.impersonation_level	= NT_SECURITY_IMPERSONATION;
+	sqos.context_tracking_mode	= NT_SECURITY_TRACKING_DYNAMIC;
+	sqos.effective_only		= 1;
+
+	/* init the port's object attributes */
+	oa.len		= sizeof(oa);
+	oa.root_dir	= (void *)0;
+	oa.obj_name	= &name;
+	oa.obj_attr	= 0;
+	oa.sec_desc	= (nt_security_descriptor *)0;
+	oa.sec_qos	= &sqos;
+
+	status = __ntapi->zw_connect_port(
+		hvms,
+		&name,
+		&sqos,
+		(nt_port_section_write *)0,
+		(nt_port_section_read *)0,
+		(uint32_t *)0,
+		(void *)0,
+		(uint32_t *)0);
+
+	return status;
+}
diff --git a/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_client_disconnect.c b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_client_disconnect.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7d528c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_client_disconnect.c
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_client_disconnect(
+	__in	void *	hvms)
+{
+	nt_vms_daemon_msg msg;
+
+	if (!hvms) return NT_STATUS_INVALID_HANDLE;
+
+	/* msg */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.msginfo.opcode	= NT_VMS_CLIENT_DISCONNECT;
+
+	/* zw_request_wait_reply_port */
+	__ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(
+		hvms,
+		&msg,
+		&msg);
+
+	/* close client handle */
+	return __ntapi->zw_close(hvms);
+}
diff --git a/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_helper.c b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_helper.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4134112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_helper.c
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+nt_vms_node * __stdcall	__ntapi_vms_get_end_component_first_node(
+	__in	nt_vms_system *		pvms_sys,
+        __in	uint32_t		end_component_hash)
+{
+	nt_vms_node *	node;
+
+	/* verify non-empty list and valid input */
+	if (!pvms_sys->dev_name_head_node || !end_component_hash)
+		return (nt_vms_node *)0;
+
+	/* find first node by end component hash */
+	node = (nt_vms_node *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + pvms_sys->end_component_head_node);
+
+	while (node->next && (node->end_component_hash < end_component_hash))
+		node = (nt_vms_node *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + node->next);
+
+	if (node->end_component_hash == end_component_hash)
+		return node;
+	else
+		return (nt_vms_node *)0;
+}
+
+
+static nt_vms_node * __stdcall	__ntapi_vms_get_node(
+	__in	nt_vms_system *		pvms_sys,
+        __in	uint32_t		end_component_hash,
+        __in	uint32_t		dev_name_hash,
+        __in	nt_large_integer	index_number)
+{
+	nt_vms_node *	node;
+
+	/* verify non-empty list */
+	if (!pvms_sys->dev_name_head_node)
+		return (nt_vms_node *)0;
+
+	/* end_component_hash */
+	if (end_component_hash) {
+		node = (nt_vms_node *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + pvms_sys->end_component_head_node);
+
+		while (node->next && (node->end_component_hash < end_component_hash))
+			node = (nt_vms_node *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + node->next);
+
+		if (node->end_component_hash != end_component_hash)
+			return (nt_vms_node *)0;
+	} else
+		node = (nt_vms_node *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + pvms_sys->dev_name_head_node);
+
+	/* find device nodes */
+	while (node->next && (node->dev_name_hash < dev_name_hash))
+		node = (nt_vms_node *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + node->next);
+
+	if (node->dev_name_hash != dev_name_hash)
+		return (nt_vms_node *)0;
+
+	/* find mount-point nodes */
+	while (node->next && (node->index_number.quad < index_number.quad))
+		node = (nt_vms_node *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + node->next);
+
+	if (node->index_number.quad != index_number.quad)
+		return (nt_vms_node *)0;
+
+	return node;
+}
+
+
+nt_vms_node * __stdcall		__ntapi_vms_get_node_by_dev_name(
+	__in	nt_vms_system *		pvms_sys,
+        __in	uint32_t		dev_name_hash,
+        __in	nt_large_integer	index_number)
+{
+	return __ntapi_vms_get_node(
+		pvms_sys,
+		0,
+		dev_name_hash,
+		index_number);
+}
+
+
+nt_vms_node * __stdcall		__ntapi_vms_get_node_by_end_component(
+	__in	nt_vms_system *		pvms_sys,
+        __in	uint32_t		end_component_hash,
+        __in	uint32_t		dev_name_hash,
+        __in	nt_large_integer	index_number)
+{
+	return __ntapi_vms_get_node(
+		pvms_sys,
+		end_component_hash,
+		dev_name_hash,
+		index_number);
+}
+
+
+nt_vms_point * __stdcall	__ntapi_vms_get_top_of_stack_mount_point(
+	__in	nt_vms_system *		pvms_sys,
+	__in	nt_vms_node *		node)
+{
+	nt_vms_point *	point;
+
+	point = (nt_vms_point *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + node->stack);
+
+	while (point->next)
+		point = (nt_vms_point *)((uintptr_t)pvms_sys + point->next);
+
+	return point;
+}
diff --git a/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_point_attach.c b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_point_attach.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4c5c7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_point_attach.c
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_point_attach_detach(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_point_info *	point_info,
+	__in	int32_t			vms_opcode)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_vms_daemon_msg	msg;
+
+	/* msg */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.msginfo.opcode	= vms_opcode;
+
+	/* copy point to msg */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.pointinfo),
+		(uintptr_t *)point_info,
+		sizeof(*point_info));
+
+	/* zw_request_wait_reply_port */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(hvms,&msg,&msg);
+
+	/* return vms status */
+	return status ? status : msg.data.msginfo.status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_point_attach(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_point_info *	point_info)
+{
+	return __ntapi_vms_point_attach_detach(
+		hvms,
+		point_info,
+		NT_VMS_POINT_ATTACH);
+}
diff --git a/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_ref_count.c b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_ref_count.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3be149f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_ref_count.c
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+static int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc_dec(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_ref_count_info *	ref_cnt_info,
+	__in	int32_t			vms_opcode)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_vms_daemon_msg	msg;
+
+	/* msg */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.msginfo.opcode	= vms_opcode;
+
+	/* copy ref count info to msg */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.refcntinfo),
+		(uintptr_t *)ref_cnt_info,
+		sizeof(*ref_cnt_info));
+
+	/* zw_request_wait_reply_port */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(
+		hvms,
+		&msg,
+		&msg);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* return info */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)ref_cnt_info,
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.refcntinfo),
+		sizeof(*ref_cnt_info));
+
+	/* return vms status */
+	return status ? status : msg.data.msginfo.status;
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_ref_count_info *	ref_cnt_info)
+{
+	return __ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc_dec(
+		hvms,
+		ref_cnt_info,
+		NT_VMS_REF_COUNT_INC);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_ref_count_dec(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_ref_count_info *	ref_cnt_info)
+{
+	return __ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc_dec(
+		hvms,
+		ref_cnt_info,
+		NT_VMS_REF_COUNT_DEC);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_point_detach(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_ref_count_info *	ref_cnt_info)
+{
+	return __ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc_dec(
+		hvms,
+		ref_cnt_info,
+		NT_VMS_POINT_DETACH);
+}
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_point_get_handles(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_ref_count_info *	ref_cnt_info)
+{
+	return __ntapi_vms_ref_count_inc_dec(
+		hvms,
+		ref_cnt_info,
+		NT_VMS_POINT_GET_HANDLES);
+}
diff --git a/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_table_query.c b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_table_query.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..847a58f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/vmount/ntapi_vms_table_query.c
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/********************************************************/
+/*  ntapi: Native API core library                      */
+/*  Copyright (C) 2013,2014,2015  Z. Gilboa             */
+/*  Released under GPLv2 and GPLv3; see COPYING.NTAPI.  */
+/********************************************************/
+
+#include <psxtypes/psxtypes.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_port.h>
+#include <ntapi/nt_vmount.h>
+#include <ntapi/ntapi.h>
+#include "ntapi_impl.h"
+
+
+int32_t __stdcall __ntapi_vms_table_query(
+	__in	void *			hvms,
+	__in	nt_vms_daemon_info *	vms_info)
+{
+	int32_t			status;
+	nt_vms_daemon_msg	msg;
+
+	/* msg */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memset(&msg,0,sizeof(msg));
+
+	msg.header.msg_type	= NT_LPC_NEW_MESSAGE;
+	msg.header.data_size	= sizeof(msg.data);
+	msg.header.msg_size	= sizeof(msg);
+	msg.data.msginfo.opcode	= NT_VMS_TABLE_QUERY;
+
+	/* zw_request_wait_reply_port */
+	status = __ntapi->zw_request_wait_reply_port(
+		hvms,
+		&msg,
+		&msg);
+
+	if (status) return status;
+
+	/* return info */
+	__ntapi->tt_aligned_block_memcpy(
+		(uintptr_t *)vms_info,
+		(uintptr_t *)&(msg.data.vmsinfo),
+		sizeof(*vms_info));
+
+	/* return vms status */
+	return status ? status : msg.data.msginfo.status;
+}